英语诗歌赏析
Love
Remembrance
Cold in the earth—and the deep snow piled above thee, Far, far removed, cold in the dreary grave!
Have I forgot, my only love, to love thee,
Severed at last by Time’s all-severing wave?
Now, when alone, do my thoughts no longer hover
Over the mountains, on that northern shore,
Resting their wings where heath and fern-leaves cover Thy noble heart for ever, ever more?
Cold in the earth –and the fifteen wild Decembers
From those brown hills have melted into spring—
Faithful indeed is the spirit that remembers
Asfter such years of change and suffering!
Sweet love of youth, forgive if I forgot thee
While the world’s tide is bearing me along:
Other desires and other hopes beset me,
Hopes which obscure, but cannot do thee wrong!
No later light has lightened up my heaven;
No second morn has ever shone for me:
All my life’s bliss from thy dear life was given –
All my life’s bliss is in the grave with thee.
But when the days of golden dreams had perished,
And even despair was powerless to destroy,
Then did I learn how existence could be cherished,
Strengthened, and fed without the aid of joy.
Then did I check the tears of useless passion,
Weaned my young soul from yearning after thine;
Sternly denied its burning wish to hasten
Down to that tomb already more than mine!
And even yet, I dare no t let it languish,
Dare not indulge in Memory’s rapturous pain;
Once drinking deep of that divinest anguish,
How could I seek the empty world again?
Introduction of the poet:
艾米丽勃朗特也是一位杰出的诗人。她的代表作《呼啸山庄》就是一部诗化的小说，而她的抒情诗和时钟的背景——作者家乡约克郡的野性而粗犷的荒原也使我们联想起《呼啸山庄》。她的爱情诗情真意浓，抒情主人公（有时是男性，有时是女性0常常表现出蔑视死亡而萦绕不散的强烈的感情，气质与《呼啸山庄》中的西斯克里夫和凯瑟琳相似。
Note:
1.Severed at last by Time’s all-severing wave: 终被隔绝一切的时间之波浪所隔开
2.hover：原指鸟儿翱翔盘旋，作者把怀念爱人的情思比喻为鸟儿，在埋葬爱人崇高心灵的
山上盘旋
3.the world’s tide is bearing me along：世界的潮流推动我向前走。意为生活中有许多新的事
情出现，诗人不得不去顾虑而忘却你。
4.Hopes which obscure, but cannot do thee wrong：这些希望使我对你的印象变得淡薄，但是
不会让我对不起你。
5.wean: 断绝
6.yearn:
https://www.360docs.net/doc/6d7506265.html,nguish
8.rapturous
9.Once drinking deep of that divinest anguish:一旦饮过那杯最神圣的苦酒。divinest anguish：
比喻神圣的爱情带来的最大的痛苦。
呼啸山庄中凯瑟琳临死前与西斯克里夫会面
Catherine:“I wish I could hold you, till we both dead! I shouldn’t care what you suffered. I care nothing for your sufferings. Why shouldn’t you suffer? I do! Will you forget me—will you be happy when I am in the earth? Will you say twenty years hence, ‘that’s the grave of Caterine Earnshaw. I loved her long ago, and was wrenched to lose her; but it is past. I’ve loved many others since—my children are dearer to me than she was, and , at death, I shall not rejoice that I am going to her, I shall be sorry that I must leave them! ’ will you say so, Heathcliff?”Heathcliff:“Are you possessed with a devil to talk in that manner to me, when you are dying? Do you reflect that all those words will be branded in my memory, and eating depper eternally, after you have left me? You know you lie to say I have killed you; and Catherine, you know that I could as sonn forget you as my existence! Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at p eace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”
Catherine: “I shall not be at peace. I’m not wishing you greater torment than I have, Heathcliff! I only wish us never to be parted—and should a word of mine distress you, think I feel the same distress undergr ound, and for my own sake, forgive me.”
Heathcliff:“why did you betray your own heart, Cathy? I have not one word of comfort—you deserve this. You have killed yourself. You loved me—then what right had you to leave me? Misery, degradation, and death and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would have parted us, you of your own will, did it. I have not broken your heart—you have broken it—and in breaking ir, you have broken mine. So much the worse for me, that I am strong. Do I want to live? What kind of living will it be when you—oh God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave”Catherine:“Let me alone. Let me alone. If I’ve done wrong, I’m dying for it. It is enough! You left me too; but I won’t upbraid you! I forgive you. Forgive me!”
Heathcliff: “It is hard to forgive, and to look at those eyes, and feel those wasted hands. Kiss me again; and don’t let me see your eyes! I forgive what you have done to me. I love my murder—but yours! How can I?”
Comprehension:
Organize the sentences in the poem into ordinary prose sentences and try to understand the content
of the poem with the help of the following questions:
1.Who is “I”? Who is “thy”?
2.What is the relationship between them?
3.What is the current situation of them?
4.Have the speaker forgot “thee”? How do you know?
5.Why does the speaker ask “thee”to forgive him? What’s wrong with him? Has he really
forgotten her?
6.How has he confronted the world and his existence after her death?
7.Has he always indulged in memory? What does remembrance mean to him? Appreciation:
Discuss the following questions to help you appreciate the porm:
(1-2) “启”
1.How do the descriptions of the place impress you? 诗中对“你”栖身之处的描写让你有何
感受？
2.What is the question put forward by the speaker? 说话者提出的问题是什么？这个问题反
映了什么矛盾？
（3）“承”
3. What is the key word of this part? 本诗节的关键词是哪个？What is his answer to that question? 他对此问题的回答是什么？此回答反映出他的何种态度？
4. “change”在本诗节中是否有具体的描述？wild December melted into spring 中spring的出现是否出乎你的意外？change 与suffering 构成了怎样的张力？
（4）“转”
5. 本诗节的关键词是什么？他要求她原谅的理由是什么？本诗节中if和but产生了何种效果？
（5）“合”
6. 本诗节中的平行句式构成了怎样的艺术效果？
第一到第五诗节完成了提问——自省——回答的整个过程。到此为止，诗歌给你一个怎样的印象？你认为诗歌有无继续写下去的必要？如果你是诗人，你会写什么？
（6、7、8）
7. existence 能否用life替代？Despair 为什么要大写？
8. check, wean, deny 重复的力量。
9. “it”指的是什么？rapturous pain, divinest anguish 采用了何种修辞，达到了何种效果？
10. 诗歌的主题是什么？为表现这个主题诗歌中用哪些因素构成了张力？
赏析：
这首《忆》是艾米丽勃朗特的代表诗作。从那野性而粗犷的荒原背景，那萦绕不散的强烈感情，那种蔑视死亡、凛然独立的气质中我们可以循出《呼啸山庄》的气韵。这位精灵一般的诗人，赤裸裸地将一颗心剖出来，让满腔的热血沸腾，用强烈的灼痛问天、问地、问自己，歌是哭，哭亦是歌。读来让人百转千回，不能释怀。
“忆”是对现在的否定，对已逝国王的向往和追寻。抚今追昔，抚的是伤是痛，追的是无情流走的美丽。站在怒涛汹涌的时光岸边，昨日的浪花已将心蚀刻成一尊美丽而痛楚的神像，却再不能乘槎逆流而上，只能借梦魂往返。这种憾恨，可以使天地动容，江河变色，却也只能用淡淡的一个“忆”字说出了。
全诗描写的是这样一个场景：寒风肆虐、冰雪覆盖的荒原北地，主人公在恋人的墓前伫立。这里埋葬着他的爱，他的啊生命，他所有的欢乐。“揉碎桃花红满地，玉山倾倒再难扶”，命运已经为他掀过了这一页，而那根植于灵魂的爱却不能被轻易抹去。经过痛苦的磨砺、泪水的莹润，爱已成蚌腹中最晶莹圆润的一颗珍珠，最美丽的一个痛苦。阴阳相隔，欲哭无泪、欲诉无声，手扪心，心在颤抖，浓云纠结于他的眉间，雷电闪自他被撕裂的灵魂。当生而无欲，死而无由，一腔苦闷只能在恋人的墓前爆发。全诗有问有答，有述有解，时而缠绵千结，时而雷霆万钧，把一份生死不渝的恋情写得铭心刻骨。
诗歌使用了ababa的韵律，是气脉回环相连，萦绕不断，与其结构上的唱叹、问答向呼应，读来完整而缠绵。诗中多使用长元音和双元音，迫使读者放慢诵读的节奏，细细品读其中幽游的叹息和闪烁的疑问。这抚养天地不能解的一段心愁，这审视内心而不堪碰触的一处伤口，这历经多年仍令人心折神摧的心事就隐于抑抑扬格和抑扬格交替的顿挫唱叹中，令人扼腕而叹。
第一诗节，设置场景，表明关系。诗眼是cold 和forget。两人处于两个不同的诗节。一个置身于凄清寒冷孤独的坟墓，另一个面对着隔绝一切的时间波浪的冲击。死亡的无情使两人不能相见，而生存的无情却可能使两人无法相通。因此，敏对恋人凄清的荒冢，心中的爱恋和疼惜让他不能自持，不禁反身自问“是否我已经忘记了那份爱？
第一诗节出现了很多重复的单词，如cold, far，love, severe。Cold, far 是伴着主人公眼
底的痛楚、心底的疼怜和呼吸中的哀怨而吐出的。“你就在这里吗？这样一个冰冷冰冷的世界真的就锁上了你鲜艳的生命吗？如此咫尺相对，我们竟相隔如此遥远吗？墓上草萋萋，我只能由此回忆你发间的芬芳吗？”love 这一主体的重复让读者的心一在被灼痛。当severe 这一读来冰冷如刀，且间有“残酷、激烈、暴戾”等意义的词从主人公流血的伤口一次次划过，我们也禁不住问：是否那隔断一切的时间已经将他们隔离？
都说时间是治愈伤口的良药，而这里主人公情愿这一份痛苦永远新鲜，这一处伤口永远滴血，情愿恋人的幽魂日日夜夜缠绕他，情愿无止境地受爱的折磨。从他自责似的自问中我们能感受搭配这份爱之深，要超越生死，这份爱之烈，要融化所有阻隔的冰雪。
第三到第五诗节是第二部分，是对第一部分提问的回答。在这一部分，诗人用温柔细腻的笔墨曲尽深意，融呢喃的细语，委屈的自述和坚定的誓言于一体，可谓一波三折，一唱三叹。
第三诗节的一二诗行重复强调两人阻隔之深，“你躺在冰冷的墓中，而墓上青草已几度荣枯”。茵没有主人公的陪伴，墓中的她倍感凄冷。Cold一次的再一次重复把读者的心再一次揪紧。双元音/au/犹如一声声痛苦的呻吟透过冰冷的冻土，穿过重重时间的幔帐此项主人公业已血淋淋的心。主人公又是处于什么样的情景之中呢？spring 一词象征着明媚的阳光，盎然的生机，出现在这里却是一种痛苦的讽刺。接下来的诗行“f ifteen wild Decembers have melted into spring”别具匠心。按常理，融化的应该是积雪（snow melted）细细体会诗人与奥表达的是捱过了漫长的时光。然而这里诗人既没有用积雪融化在春天（snow me;ted in spring），也没有说时间变迁，春天来到（time melted into spring），而是将两种意境融合，用十二月这样一年中最凄冷萧瑟的日子与春天相对照。是啊，时光如梭，多少歌寒冷的十二月过去，已然春临大地。然而“谁道闲情抛掷久，每到春来，惆怅还依旧”。你被封锁在严冬，我怎能感觉到春的温暖？每次春来只是唤醒他心头的隐痛，让他的灵魂一次次伸出无奈的触角，听“cold in the earth”的叹息罢了。物移星换而我心依然，这一世界中的faithful是一个关键词，到此为止，诗人已经初步完成了对问题“我是否已经忘记了这份爱”的解答。
第四诗节读来让人落泪。这个诗节的意境与苏轼“十年生死两茫茫，不思量，自难忘，千里孤坟，无处话凄凉”相似，却比苏词更加婉转动人。从开头急切而热烈的呼语“哦，我年轻的爱人”中我们仿佛看到他因急于辩解而绯红了的脸庞。把恋人的手合在他温暖的掌中，将自己的目光深深融入她碧蓝的眸子中，他看到了她唇边一缕微笑，淡淡地漾起来，眸光顿时粼粼，她有一点点不信任呢。她用无声却有意的话语问道：“是这样吗？你真的没有忘记我吗？”这一节与前一节一脉而承，初读感觉是主人公的独白，而几经品读，我们从字里行
间的万缕柔情中发现，主人公已经用他的呼吸、他的倾诉、他的辩解，他温柔如婴儿的呼吸办的絮语为我们呼唤出了他的恋人，她就在他身边，眼里，心上，也就在我们眼前这抑扬顿挫的诗行中
“世界的潮流推动着我一直向前走，这些事物使我对你的印象淡薄，单绝对不会对不起你啊”。这里诗人运用欲扬先抑的手法使感情的表达有了一个恰如其分的缓冲，为下一个诗节积蓄力量。
第五诗节是一段惊天地、泣鬼神的宣誓。“曾经沧海难为水，除却巫山不是云”，no和all的使用家请了这种不容置疑的与其，读来让人荡气回肠。这四句是回忆，在那温馨的回忆里，恋人是他的一切，是他生之快乐的唯一理由；这四句也是表白，虽然时空重重阻隔，我却守着你，这生命中唯一一个支撑点；这四句还是无奈的叹息，这份爱注定要折磨我一生一世，生命的光彩已随你远去，留给我的是黑暗、清冷、悲伤，生而无欢，无法将你从梦中唤醒的我，也无法唤醒我自己的灵魂。
比较：
Remember
Remember me when I am gone away,
Gone far away I to the silent land;
When you can no more hold me by the hand,
Nor I half turn to go yet turning stay.
Remember me when on no more day by day
You tell me of our future that you planned:
Only remember me; you understand
It will be late to counsel then or pray,
Yet if you should forget me for a while
And afterwards remember, do not grieve:
For if the darkness and corruption leave
A vestige of the thoughts that once I had,
Better by far you should forget and smile
Than that you should remember and be sad.
克里斯蒂娜罗塞蒂写下了一系列关于死亡及死后惴想的诗。这些诗读起来像是轻声的叹息，真的是哀而不伤。其中悠悠的气韵在游走，脉脉的烟波在流转，淡淡的心事被猜测。像三月的风，含着暖香的味道，却有着冷的质地的风，掠过静静的心事，扰乱了已然模糊却不会逝去的影子。
记得我啊，当我逝去时，
当我沉入死寂的土地；
当你再不能牵我的手
而我再不能佯去还留。
记得我吧，那一个个扑面而来的日子，
再不是你想象中我们未来的样子。
只要你记得我，因为你知道吗
一切的期望与祈祷已然太迟。
当誓言留不住牵手的温度，那欲去还留，欲说还羞的我的身影，只愿你能记取。寂静的另一个世界，有你的牵念或许不会那么冷。计划中有你有我的未来，曾经是那么触手可及，而今当一切都已太迟，只愿你把我记起。诗人选取的片段因为温暖而在此具备了一份苍凉的意味。Hold me by the hand, half turn to go yet turning stay 让人想起李清照“和羞走，倚门回首，却把青梅嗅”的娇羞和无赖，似乎能捕捉到她当时秋波的流转似乎能触摸到那时按捺的心跳。而you tell me of our future you planned, 那幸福的未来的日子，像阳光透过窗前的枝蔓蔓蔓铺满了整个心房，爱的感觉如此温暖，如此真实。记取这一切的真实和温暖吧，只因为，它已不再。爱的这一笔我们写得很用力，当岁月翻过这一页，请你细细辨认那些心暖、心酸、心动、心伤的所有痕迹。
然而当你偶尔把握忘记
后又记起，请不要悲伤
如果黑暗和腐烂没有完全侵蚀
我曾经的思想
宁愿你因忘怀而微笑，
不愿你因记得而忧伤。
知道世事如潮，不停冲刷着昨日，知道时光如刀，狠狠雕刻现实的图景。爱人啊，如果你忘记，请不要自责，因为这颗为你喜为你忧的心啊，只愿你微笑着走过。“very sw eet it is\ to know he still is warm though I am cold.”
前半部分的执着与不舍，是爱，而后半部分的舍与释然，是更深的爱。请你珍重。
江城子苏轼
十年生死两茫茫。不思量。自难忘。千里孤坟，无处话凄凉。纵使相逢犹不识，尘满面，鬓如霜。夜来幽梦忽还乡。小轩窗。正梳妆，相顾无言，唯有泪千行。料得年年肠断处，明月夜，短松冈。
When you are old1
When you are old and gray and full of sleep,
And nodding by the fire2, take down this book,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look,
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep3
How many loved your moments of glad grace4,
And loved your beauty with love false or true,
But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you5,
And loved the sorrows of your changing face6;
And bending down beside the glowing bars7,
Murmur, a little sadly, how love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face among a crowd of stars.
注释：
1. When you are old此诗受法国十六世纪诗人皮埃尔德龙沙（Pierre De Ronsand,
1524-1585）的一首十四行诗的启发。龙沙诗起首即言“when you are quite old, in the evening by the candle light”。但叶芝这首诗的结尾却颇为不同。叶芝写此诗是献给他所热恋的女演员、爱尔兰民族主义者Maud Goone，他始终未能获得她的爱情。
2. The fire 指壁炉之火。This book 指叶芝献给Maud Goone的诗集。
3. Their shadows deep 喻双目深邃。
4. How many loved your moments of glad grace 许多人爱你瞬间的欢乐的优雅体态。
5. But one man loved the pilgrim soul in you 与第五六两行对比，表明叶芝爱的不是对方一时的妩媚和一般的美丽，而是追求真理的精神（pilgrim soul）。Maud Goone 投身于爱尔兰的民族解放运动，热情不亚于宗教的朝圣者，故称pilgrim soul。
6. the sorrows of your changing face 意为隐藏在面部神态变化之下的深沉的感情。The sorrows此处表示严肃而深沉的表情。
7. the glowing bars 在炉火照耀下闪光的铁篦。
Introduction of the poet:
叶芝，（William Butler Yeats1865～1939）爱尔兰诗人和剧作家。1923年度的诺贝尔文学奖获得者。出生于都柏林画师家庭，政治上属贵族主义者。早期作品带有唯美主义倾向和浪漫主义色彩。19世纪末因支持爱尔兰民族自治运动，他的诗风逐渐走向坚实明朗和接近现实。代表作有诗剧《胡里痕的凯瑟琳》（1902）、《1916年的复活节》（1921）等。20世纪20年代中期后，因接近人民生活和热心玄学派诗歌研究，作品融现实主义、象征主义和哲理思考为一体，以洗练的口语和含义丰富的象征手法，表现善恶、生死、美丑、灵肉的矛盾统一，具有较高艺术价值。突出诗作有《钟楼》（1928）、《盘旋的楼梯》（1929）及《驶向拜占庭》等。艾略特称他为“这个时代最伟大的诗人”。
这首诗是写给爱尔兰的爱国主义者毛特?岗的。关于他第一次见到毛特?岗的情形，叶芝后来这样写道：“她伫立窗畔，身旁盛开着一大团苹果花；她光彩夺目，仿佛自身就是洒满了阳光的花瓣。”她不仅魅力动人，而且是世纪之交爱尔兰争取民族自治运动领导人之一，这在叶芝的心目中自然平添了一轮特殊的光晕。叶芝在这首诗中赞美她“有着朝圣者的灵魂”。在现实生活中，由于热衷于爱尔兰解放事业，毛特?岗却一再拒绝了叶芝的求婚，在1903年嫁给了爱尔兰解放运动的领袖麦克布莱德少校。叶芝对她的一番痴情没有得到回报。
当你老了
当你老了，头白了，睡思昏沉，
炉火旁打盹，请取下这部诗歌，
慢慢读，回想你过去眼神的柔和，
回想它们昔日浓重的阴影；
多少人爱你青春欢畅的时辰，
爱慕你的美丽，假意或真心，
只有一个人爱你那朝圣者的灵魂，
爱你衰老了的脸上痛苦的皱纹；
垂下头来，在红光闪耀的炉子旁，
凄然地轻轻诉说那爱情的消逝，
在头顶的山上它缓缓踱着步子，
在一群星星中间隐藏着脸庞。
在这首诗中，诗人没有热烈宣泄的激动，只有平静真挚的倾诉；诗的语言朴素而含蓄；诗的调子优雅而舒缓，在流动和飘逸的画面中透出一抹淡淡的哀伤，表现了诗人深刻脱俗、
撼人魂魄的爱情观。
全诗分为三节，每节韵律严整，押韵方式为“abba cddc effe”。抑扬格(iambic)五音步(pentameter)为主。韵脚首尾相呼，中间相应，使气韵悠长而缠绵，读来如深情的咏叹。
全诗实际上是由一句话构成。通过诗中几个关键的谓语动词，我们可以把这句话简单地浓缩如下：你取下(take down)诗集来读(read)，想起了(dream of)过去，叹息(murmur)爱的消逝。然而在简单的形式背后，却是深刻的内涵。这与诗中“想起(dream of)”一词的妙用是分不开的。正是由于“想起”，岁月的长河才在回忆中波澜顿起。全诗也因为有了这一词而具有了丰富的时空感。所以，我们看到诗中第一、第三诗节使用现在时态，第二诗节使用过去时态。时间的包孕形式一方面体现了主人公意识的流动轨迹，另一方面，也是更重要的一面，在于拓展了诗的意境和空间。需要注意的是，诗中的现在时态实际上指涉的是所爱之人已垂垂老矣之时，是未来，而过去时态指涉的是她不能辨别爱情真伪的现在。这里时态的妙用把爱放置在岁月流逝，红颜易老的背景之下检验，形成一种间离效果，使主人公能抽离现实，借时间的镜子看清楚爱的真假。这一切时间的闪回由11个and贯穿起来。and的使用使诗歌减缓了节奏，为全诗营造了一种缓慢、悠扬、宁静的氛围，读起来如同冬日炉边娓娓的叙述，使得本诗与普通爱情诗歌不同，表现出的不是奔突澎湃的激情，而是平静深沉的爱。
在修辞上本诗最突出的是对比。在第一诗节冬季与美人暮年相对应，诗人没有选取爱人青春之时优雅的姿态、轻灵的身形、如花的笑颜作为描写的对象，而是选择了爱人已面目苍老、两鬓风霜、在炉边昏昏欲睡的形象作为倾诉爱慕之情的对象。同样，诗人没有把这份珍藏的爱放置在生机勃勃之春，繁茂葱茏之夏，硕果累累之秋的映衬之下，而是选取了万物肃杀、沉炼宁静的冬季作为其背景。这显示了诗人不以外貌为重的脱俗的爱情观，同时也显示出这份爱不是出于冲动的激情而是经过了冷静的深思，因此更能表现出他恋之弥深，爱之愈久。在第二诗节，诗人比较了在不同人的心中爱人的不同形象。在别人眼中爱人的形象是“glad, grace, beauty”,而在诗人心中爱人最动人的是“pilgrim soul, sorrow”。通过易逝的容貌与永驻的内心，肤浅的快乐与深沉的忧伤的对比，诗人暗示当岁月流逝、红颜渐老之时，肤浅的爱只是青春时的一时痴狂，会随着水流花落而消逝，但那深植于灵魂的倾慕却如醇酒，经岁月酝酿之后会更加醇冽、珍贵。在诗歌的第三诗节温暖而易熄的炉火与冷冽却永久的星光相对比，再一次深化了世俗的爱情与诗人的爱的不同。而最后凭借how love fled /and paced
upon the mountains overhead /and hid his face among a crowd of stars营造出的与全诗截然不同的高洁、冷艳、奇异的氛围，诗人将自己的爱升华，使之如恒久的星光一样永存在这由过去和现在、天上与人间编织成的四维空间之中。
中国古代诗论强调要“状难写之景，如在目前；含不尽之意，见于言外”，又言“善言情者，吞吐深浅，欲露还藏，便觉此中无限”。叶芝的诗艺在这首诗中的确达到了这样的境界。在用词方面，没有了“语不惊人死不休”的豪言壮语，相反，却具有凡人都懂的明白晓畅，甚或给人平淡的印象。但是，在平淡的字词背后却是磅礴的力量。在这首诗中，感情是内敛的，不是放纵的，内敛的结果是情感被聚集在一起形成强大的势能，最终形成一道飞流而下的河流。叶芝在诗中表达出来的情感轨迹正像那样的一条河流：先是在峡谷奔流，尔后汇入大江，最后平静地消失在大海中。我们在诗的第二节中，感觉得到诗人的激情与哀怨就像奔流在峡谷大川中的流水。但诗人并没有放纵自己的情感，到了最后一节，节奏顿然舒缓，就像它汇入大海了一样。但是，就在平静的海水下面，相信一定有滚滚波涛，埋葬着他的全部的内心独白，全部的希望、失望和绝望。
叶芝用尽一生也没有能够弥合他和理想中的爱情之间的距离。当他老了的时候，他才顿悟，正是由于苦恋的情人对他爱之召唤的缄默才成就了他的诗名，否则“我本可把蹩脚的文字抛却，/心满意足地去过生活”。而毛德，当她真正老了的时候写信给叶芝亦说，世界会因为她没有嫁给诗人而感谢她。
Meeting at night
Robert Browning
The gray sea and the long black land,
And the yellow half-moon large and low,
And the startled little waves that leap
in fiery ringlets from their sleep
As I gain the cove with pushing prow,
And quench its speed in the slushy sand.
Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach
Three fields to cross till a farm appears,
And blue spurt of a lighted match,
And a voice less loud, thro’ its joys and fears
Than the two hearts beating each to each.
Parting at Morning
Round the cape of a sudden came the sea,
And the sun looked over the mountain’s rim,
And straight was a path of gold for him,
And the need of a world of men for me.
Questions:
1.How much story do we have in these two little poems? Do we need more?
2. What do we know about the h uman details of the story in the poem “meeting at night”? How much do we know about the physical details of the story? What is the emphasis of the poem? Do you think the emphasis of the poem is reversed?
2.the occasion in the poem is a romantic one—the night meeting of the two lovers. Why does
the poet select, by and large, such matter-of-fact details to fill out his poem? Do you think it is better to have the scent of blossoms, the song of the nightingale, the soft caress of the night breeze in the poem?
3.Co nsider the image in the first two lines of “parting at morning”. How can the sea suddenly
come round the cape? Literally? If not literally, how does the observer get that impression?
What position of the observer might make such an impression possible? If the image is , at the first glance, puzzling, why would the poet use it at all？Why would he start his poem with it?
4.Do you make sense of the last two lines of “parting at morning”? Are the two poems to be
connected? If we try to relate them, what happens?
比较
菩萨蛮李煜
花明月黯笼轻雾。今宵好向郎边去。袜步香阶，手提金缕鞋。
画堂南畔见。一向偎人颤。奴为出来难，教君恣意怜。
生查子牛希济
春山烟欲收，天淡星稀小。残月脸边明，别泪临清晓。
语已多，情未了。回首犹重道。记得绿罗裙，处处怜芳草。
Wild nights, wild nights
Emily Dickinson
Wild nights, wild nights
Were I with thee
Wild nights should be
our luxuty!
Futile—the Winds—
To a heart in port—
Done with the Compass—
Done with the Chart!
Rowing in Eden—
Ah, the Sea!
Might I but moor—Tonight—
In Thee!
艾米莉·狄金森，美国著名女诗人，英美20世纪意象派诗歌的先驱。不像其他女诗人的诗作或缠绵悱恻，或温柔妩媚，她的诗没有修饰，有骨而无肉，一切皆如利刃削成。虽然狄金森的诗语言朴素，不事雕琢，短小精悍，但是却不易读懂。一方面这是因为她别出机杼的意象和独特的思维，另一方面是因为她的诗中语义和句法经常含混，使的诗意呈现不确定性，导致其晦涩难解。
狄金森的著名爱情诗“夜夜暴风雨”一直以来被人们认为是一首表达情人思慕团聚和眷恋不舍的感情的诗歌，它描写了一对有情男女在可怕的暴风雨之夜幽会的情景。可是仔细解读会发现因为某些关键意象的内涵和外延的意义在一定程度上相互冲突，这首诗的意义扑朔迷离。要理解本诗首先要解决一下几个问题：
1.第二行和第十二行中的“你”所指是否相同？
2.诗中的说话者是否欣赏第九行中“在伊甸园划船”这一行为？
3.第十行“啊，大海”是暗示着说话者从天堂般安全而温暖的伊甸园驶出而划向了大海，
还是只是因为看到了海绵而感到激动？她是否愿意离开伊甸园而停靠在狂风暴雨侵袭，波涛汹涌如怒的大海？
在这首诗中最矛盾的意象是港湾和大海。港湾象征着安全、宁静、稳定、可靠。而大海在文学艺术作品中被定型为愤怒的、沸腾的或激情澎湃的。在这首诗中“夜夜暴风雨，夜夜暴风雨”作为诗歌的起始行，顿挫有力地表现了大海的气概，在这里它象征着狂暴、黑暗、危险，与港湾形成了鲜明的对比。港湾和大海这一对矛盾蕴含在一颗充满了激烈的矛盾的心中。一方面它不需要“罗盘”，也不需要“海图”，向往着安全、宁静，另一方面却又渴望着经历冒险、体验激情。在诗歌的最后一行说话者表达了“在你处停泊”的愿望。可是这里的“你”的指称却含混不清。有人认为“你”指的是被爱的人，这样就顺理成章地得出了诗歌的主题是渴望与爱人团聚的结论。然而如果抛弃我们看到这类爱情诗时心里产生的先入为主的偏见，从诗歌的本身出发，我们会发现这里的“你”指的是大海。
其原因有三。最明显的原因在于第十行的“大海”是第十二行中“你”的最近的指称对象。
另外稍微分析一下诗歌的逻辑，就会发现“在伊甸园划船，”然后看到大海，然后渴望在大海的怀抱中停靠，比起在伊甸园划船，看到大海，又想到要在爱人的怀抱总停靠意义更加连贯，更符合逻辑。再者和“大海”比较起来，“爱人”这个意象在本诗中单薄、遥远得多。这样的话最后两个诗行点明的诗歌主题就不是和爱人结合的渴望，而是对于危险、激情和狂野的向往和追求。
然而这个解释使我们面临另外一个矛盾，那就是说话者的渴望，即“停泊在大海上”
从常识上看是不可能的事情，因为人人都知道航船停泊的地点应该是港湾而不是大海，除非驾船者是个狂热的冒险家，在完全不能停泊的地方停泊对于他而言是挑战、是刺激，会给他带来极大的兴奋和满足。把绝对可能基于绝对不可能之上，这种奇特的表达在狄金森的诗歌中是经常见到的。如她著名的那句“我品尝从未酿制的果的汁液”就是于反差对照中突现意象，从而获得了深刻的艺术效果。然而怎样理解本诗中说话者这个矛盾的愿望呢？这个愿望的解析与第九行“在伊甸园划船”的含义联系密切。因为“在伊甸园划船”这一行处在一个承上启下的位置。它之前的诗行表现的是一颗宁静而安全地停泊在港湾的心，它不需要罗盘和海图。这一方面暗示这颗心稳定而不飘忽，它知道自己的方向和归宿。另一方面可能暗示着永远停泊，不再航行，因为罗盘和海图是航海的必需品。
而在这一行之后就出现了“大海”这个意象以及说话者停泊在海上的愿望。伊甸园和大海形成了对比。
伊甸园是人类始祖亚当和夏娃最初居住的乐园。《圣经创世纪》第二章中写道：“耶和华上帝在东方的伊甸立了一个园子，把所造的人安排在哪里。”伊甸园可以被称作是理想的乐园，是人类世代渴望的原型。它是一个多姿多彩，令人赏心悦目的福乐胜地。这里植物繁茂、绿树成荫、芳香四溢，到处流淌着牛奶和蜂蜜。伊甸园既是一个乐园又代表着一种生活方式。上帝创造了自然和人类，是至高无上的、无所不在的主宰。伊甸园是上帝为他的创造物——人的生存提供的一个环境。伊甸园不是一个不受任何约束的隐居之地，从它出现的那天起它就是一个考验人类的场所。因为上帝在乐园中安排了分辨善恶的智慧树，并命令道“树上的果子不能吃，吃了必被处死”。禁果树的存在有很多重要的意义，其一就在于它使人不仅要在口头上向上帝表明敬爱和感激之情，而且要付诸于行动。它的存在设置了一条至高无上的是非标准——顺从。顺从上帝就可以无忧无虑地生活在伊甸园，而叛逆即意味着被逐出伊甸园。因此一伊甸园不仅代表着一个美丽丰饶的理想乐园和一种安宁稳定的生活方式，更重要的是它暗示了拥有这个乐园和享有这种生活方式的前提：顺从上帝，放弃自由。而人类的始祖亚当和夏娃最终以叛逆的姿态走出了伊甸园，心甘情愿地面对人世的生老病死、悲欢离合、风云变幻。在这首诗中诗人表达的是同样的精神。伊甸园虽好但诗人叛逆、狂野的心不能容忍一成不变的风平浪静、鸟语花香、风和日丽。她向往着经历黑暗、风暴和危险，向往着燃烧生命、释放激情。
通过对大海和伊甸园这两个意象的解读，我们会发现这首表面风平浪静的诗歌中蕴含着澎湃的激情和燃烧的渴望。诗人要表达的不是把爱之船停泊在爱的伊甸园，与爱人安然相守，而是要驶向大海，经历暴风骤雨和电闪雷鸣。在她的另一首爱情“我的河流本想你”中，狄金森也表达了她渴望奔向大海的愿望。“我的河流奔向你，蓝色的大海，你会接纳我吗？我等待着回答，哦大海，你是如此壮观！说吧，说你带我走”。只有在黑暗中才能理解光明，只有在危险中才能感受安全。是暴风雨赋予大海以气概，是大海赋予航船以生命。诗人的爱之船终于划出了伊甸园，驶入了大海，让爱在天风海雨的洗礼中燃烧得更加激烈！
Life and death
How to be old
May Swenson
It is easy to be young. (everybody is,
at first.) it is not easy
to be old. It takes time.
Youth is given; age is achieved.
One must work a magic to mix with time
In order to be old.
Youth is given. One must put it away
like a doll in a closet,
take it our and play with it only
on holidays. One must have many dresses
and dress the doll impeccably
(but not to show the doll, to keep it hidden.)
It is necessary to adoer the doll,
To remember it in the dark on ordinary
days, and everyday congratulate
one’s aging face in the mirror.
In time one will be very old.
In time, one’s life will be accomplished.
And in time, in time, the doll—
Like new, though ancient—will be found.
晓镜但愁云鬓改镜里朱颜改
读到这首诗，心里反反复复，有一种说不出来的滋味。青春与年老，人生与岁月，可能是我们这些将界中年的人特别有感触的吧。伤春悲秋，不忍见镜里朱颜改，每每感怀的总是那一去不再回的青春的小鸟。而这首诗所传达的，似乎是淡淡的忧伤之外的别样情愫。
首先打动人的是一二三诗行的简单陈述句式，用这样不容置疑的语气讲述，使得内容拥有了无可否认的真实性和真理性，带有一点权威的感觉。通过young, old, easy, not easy, given, gained的对比诗人引导我们思索对青春和老年的看法。我们应该更加珍视哪一个，是轻易被赋予的青春还是需经历时间和艰辛才能获得的“being old”？诗人通过有倾向性的词
“given”“gained”向我们传达了他的意图，因为与天生被赋予的青春相比，年老来之不易，所以真正应该珍惜的是年老，而不是青春。这样简单简洁的句子蕴含着不容辩驳的理性逻辑，颠覆了世人世俗的看法，同时引出主题“how to be old”,既然年老比青春还重要，那么我们应该以什么样的方式变老？
下面的句子特别有意味“one must work magic to mix with time in order to be old.”首先in order to be old这样的一个表述承接上面诗行的逻辑，即to be old 是重要的，可珍视的，因此是人人想要达到的目标，而要达到这个目标必须“创造奇迹与时间融合”。To mix with time，不是固体的固执的坚硬的自我投身于时光之流中，激起千堆雪，而是如汩汩溪流注入，体验那不同的温度、不同的流速、不同的质感与密度，然后敞开自己，拥抱、融合，从而达成从容与圆融，天光云影也好，雷霆闪电也罢，任其映照。而这，才是真正的奇迹。
鲜嫩的青春是上苍赐予每个人的礼物，需要小心轻放，收藏在心里最幽深温柔的角落。它是我们每个人对人世最初最美的揣想，真、善、美、初、纯、澄、澈。它像我们得到的第一个大眼睛的洋娃娃，我们用最好的衣饰来装扮她，在最美好的时刻与它相对，营造我们无暇的梦。那里有的是春花秋月、玉壶冰心，即使忧愁也是淡淡的，为赋新词而上高楼。
岁月，你看到过它的脚吗？当太阳的影子在你的房间一寸寸移动，是否感觉到那阴影也一寸寸吞没着你生命的光华，一丝丝抽取着你生命锦绣中的华彩？可是光阴不是只做减法的，新添的皱纹，新白的华发是我们经历和行动的证明。经历既是收获，行动就是活着的价值体现。浑然天真固然可爱，没有体验。经历、感受的人何以成人？正如亚当与夏娃不会满足于上帝赐予的白纸一张般的生命，终将走出那座梦幻的园子，感受天风海雨，用自我的思维、意志、行动证明自己的存在。光阴并没有无端消逝，在镜中我们可以看到它的作品。爱自己风霜的面容吧，那是我们最值得骄傲的证明，证明我们爱过，恨过，苦过，笑过，挣扎过，努力过，成功过，失意过，证明我们没有浪费这被赐予的生命，没有在虚无中让它空白。
而当我们垂垂老去，生命被最终完成，那个玫瑰色的梦，会浮现在此刻的心中。那些意气风发、年少痴狂，像个古老的传说吧，却清新得一如往昔。因为正是这隐藏在心中的辉煌瑰丽的梦让我们有勇气面对一个个平常平凡平淡的日子，让我们为这条长路走出风景。
How to be old? 真是一个好问题啊。
To work magic to mix with time.
To congratulate your aging face in the mirror everyday.
真是好答案啊。
Inscription for Marye’s Height, Fredericksburg
Herman Melville {1819-1891}
To them who crossed the flood
And climbed the hill, with eyes
Upon the heavenly flag intent,
And through the deathful tumult wen
Even unto death: to them this Stone—
Erect, where they were overthrown
Of more than victory the monument.
Background knowledge:
In 1862 the Confederates under General Lee were entrenched on Marye’s Heights looking down on the town of Fredericksburg, Virginia, which is situated on the south bank of the Rappahannock River. General Burnside, the Union commander, got his troops across the Rappahannock and attempted to storm the heights above the town. The Union forces fought bravely but suffered a bloody repulse, the victim of inept generalship.
Discuss the questions:
What does the poet commemorate?
1. Notice how quietly the poem begins “crossed the flood” ”climbed the hill”. The first clause is that attract s no attention, and the second might indeed be used to describe a group of boys hunting for blackberries, and not a fierce rush up a height in the face of withering rifle fire.
2. How would you describe the tone of this poem? Before trying to find a single adj or group of adjs that describe ir, note how carefully controlled the poem is, how tightly it is coiled on itself, and how it possesses something of the concision and authority of words to be engraved for a permanent record, on a memorial stone.
3. What is the effect of line 5? Note the contra st between the “Stone—Erect” and
the men commemorated, who were overthrown. Dose this pointed contrast serve to sharpen the contrast between the victory and other thing which is “more than victory”?
4. To what degree would you say does the poet depend on t he reader’s
involvement or participation? How does he enlist that?
Tight-lipped, austere, understatement sentimental
比较：歌曲
where have all the flowers gone, long time passing?
where have all the flowers gone, long time ago?
where have all the flowers gone?
young girls have picked them everyone
oh when will they ever learn
oh when will they ever learn?
where have all the young girls gone, long time passing?
where have all the young girls gone, long time ago?
where have all the young girls gone?
gone to their husbands everyone!
oh when will they ever learn
oh when will they ever learn?
where have all the husbands gone, long time passing?
where have all the husbands gone, long time ago?
where have all the husbands gone?
gone to soldiers, everyone!
oh when will they ever learn
oh when will they ever learn?
and where have all the soldiers gone, long time passing?
where have all the soldiers gone, a long time ago?
英语名言警句赏析
英语名言警句赏析 1、天大的烦恼，也要勇敢面对。 The greatest troubles should also be faced bravely. 2、没有昨天的失败，就没有今天的成功。 Without yesterday's failure, there would be no success today. 3、毅力可以征服任何一座高峰。 Perseverance can conquer any peak. 4、只要不放弃努力，就会飞得更高！ As long as we don't give up our efforts, we will fly higher! 5、只要你不放弃，谁也无法叫你停止脚步。 No one can stop you as long as you don't give up. 6、得意时应善待他人，因为你失意时会需要他们。 Be kind to others when you are proud, because you need them when you are disappointed. 7、孤单寂寞与被遗弃感是最可怕的贫穷。 Loneliness and abandonment are the most terrible poverty. 8、现在的我们，似乎懂事了，因而学会了拼搏。 Now, we seem to understand, and thus learn to fight. 9、观众器者为良匠，观众病者为良医。 The audiences are good craftsmen and the patients are good doctors. 10、与其用泪水悔恨昨天，不如用汗水拼搏明天。 Better fight for tomorrow with sweat than regret yesterday with tears. 11、成事在天，谋事在人，事在人为，有志竟成！ In heaven, in man, in man, with ambition! 12、人生中，我们有着快乐与悲伤，所以不断努力就能获得成功。 In life, we have joy and sorrow, so we can succeed if we keep trying. 13、立志难也，不在胜人，而在自胜。 It is difficult to make up one's mind, not to win, but to win. 14、人生在勤，不索何获。 Life in diligence, no gain. 15、宇宙之所以宏大，不禁于它叫宇宙，由于它是宇宙。 The reason why the universe is so grand is that it is called the universe, because it is the universe. 16、对的，坚持；错的，放弃！ Right, insist; wrong, give up! 17、永远要记得，成功的决心远胜于任何东西。 Always remember that the determination to succeed is better than anything else. 18、机会总在怀疑犹豫中产生在叫好后悔中结束。 Opportunities always arise in doubts and hesitations and end in cheers and regrets. 19、老板和员工并不是对立的，而是和谐统一的。
英语诗歌欣赏
1. Nothing gold can stay by Robert Frost Nature's first green is gold, Her hardest hue to hold. Her early leaf's a flower; But only so an hour. Then leaf subsides to leaf, So Eden sank to grief. So dawn goes down to day, Nothing gold can stay. 参照: 简简吟白居易 苏家小女名简简，芙蓉花腮柳叶眼。十一把镜学点妆，十二抽针能绣裳。十三行坐事调品，不肯迷头白地藏。玲珑云髻生花样，飘飖风袖蔷薇香。殊姿异态不可状，忽忽转动如有光。二月繁霜杀桃李，明年欲嫁今年死。丈人阿母勿悲啼，此女不是凡夫妻。恐是天仙谪人世，只合人间十三岁。大都好物不坚牢，彩云易散琉璃脆。 2. The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. 3. The farthest distance in the world By Tagore [t?'g?:] The farthest distance in the world is not between life and death but when I stand in front of you yet you don't know that I love you The farthest distance in the world is not when I stand in front of you yet you can't see my love but when undoubtedly knowing the love from both yet cannot be together The farthest distance in the world is not being apart while being in love but when plainly can not resist the yearning yet pretending you have never been in my heart
英语诗歌欣赏(英国)
How do I love thee? 我是怎样地爱你 – Elizabeth Barrett Browning How do I love thee? 我是怎样地爱你？ Let me count the ways. 让我逐一细述。 I love thee to the depth and breadth and height 我爱你之深邃，之宽广，之高远 My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight 尽我的灵魂所能及之处—犹如探求 For the ends of being and ideal grace. 玄冥中神的存在和美好之极。 I love thee to the level of every day’s 我爱你如每日之必需， Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. 阳光下和烛焰前都少不了。 I love thee freely, as men strive for right. 我自由地爱着你，像人们争取他们的权利； I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. 我纯洁地爱着你，如人们在赞美前会垂首。 I love thee with the passion put to use 我爱你，带着我昔日悲伤时的 In my old griefs, and with my childhood’s faith. 那种激情，童年时的那种诚意； I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
我爱你，抵得上往日对圣者怀有的 With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath, 如今似已消逝的那种爱-我用呼吸， Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, 用微笑，用眼泪，用我整个生命来爱你！ Sonnets from the Portuguese_ No. X 不过只要是爱，是爱，可就是美， Yet, love, mere love, is beautiful indeed 就值得你接受。你知道，爱就是火， And worthy of acceptation. Fire is bright, 火总是光明的，不问着火的是庙堂 Let temple burn, or flax. And equal light 或者柴堆－－那栋梁还是荆榛在烧， Leaps in the flame from cedar-plank or weed. 火焰里总跳得出同样的光辉。当我 And love is fire. And when I say at need 不由得倾吐出：“我爱你！”在你的眼里， _I love thee ... mark! ... _I love thee_ -- in thy sight 那荣耀的瞬息，我忽然成了一尊金身， I stand transfigured, glorified aright, 感觉到有一道新吐的皓光从我天庭 With conscience of the new rays that proceed 投向你脸上。是爱，就无所谓卑下， Out of my face toward thine. There's nothing low 即使是最微贱的在爱：那微贱的生命 In love, when love the lowest: meanest creatures
经典英文个性签名 英文名句 英文名诗
1. 记住该记住的，忘记该忘记的。改变能改变的，接受不能改变的。 Remember what should be remembered, and forget what should be forgotten. Alter what is changeable, and accept what is mutable. 2.鱼对水说你看不到我的眼泪，因为我在水里。水说我能感觉到你的眼泪，因为你在我心里。“You couldn?t see my tears cause I am in the water.” Fish said to water. “But I could feel your tears cause you are in my heart.” Answered water. 3.人生短短几十年，不要给自己留下了什么遗憾，想笑就笑，想哭就哭，该爱的时候就去爱，无谓压抑自己。 Your life only lasts for a few decades, so be sure that you don't leave any regrets. Laugh or cry as you li ke, and it…s meaningless to oppress yourself. 4．生命中，不断地有人进入或离开。于是，看见的，看不见了；记住的，遗忘了。生命中，不断地有得到和失落。于是，看不见的，看见了；遗忘的，记住了。然而，看不见的，是不是就等于不存在？记住的，是不是永远不会消失？ There is someone that is coming or passing away in your life around the clock, so you may lose sight of those seen, and forget those remembered. There is gain and loss in your life, so you may catch sight of those unseen, and remember those forgotten. Nevertheless, doesn?t the unseen exist for sure? Will the remembered remain forever? 5．后悔是一种耗费精神的情绪。后悔是比损失更大的损失，比错误更大的错误。所以不要后悔。 Penitence is something that enervates our spirit, causing a greater loss than the loss itself and making a bigger mistake than the mistake itself. So never regret. 夏天的飞鸟，飞到我的窗前唱歌，又飞去了。 秋天的黄叶，它们没有什么可唱，只叹息一声，飞落在那里。 stray birds of summer come to my window to sing and fly away. and yellow leaves of autumn, which have no songs, flutter and fall there with a sign. 2 世界上的一队小小的漂泊者呀，请留下你们的足印在我的文字里。 o troupe of little vagrants of the world, leave your footprints in my words. 3 世界对着它的爱人，把它浩翰的面具揭下了。 它变小了，小如一首歌，小如一回永恒的接吻。 the world puts off its mask of vastness to its lover. it becomes small as one song, as one kiss of the eternal. 4 是大地的泪点，使她的微笑保持着青春不谢。 it is the tears of the earth that keep here smiles in bloom. 5 无垠的沙漠热烈追求一叶绿草的爱，她摇摇头笑着飞开了。 the mighty desert is burning for the love of a bladeof grass who
(完整版)英语诗歌鉴赏及名词解释(英文版)
The Basic Elements of Appreciating English Poetry 1.What is poetry? ?Poetry is the expression of Impassioned feeling in language. ?“Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility.” ?“Poetry, in a general sense, may be defined to be the expression of the imagination.” ?Poetry is the rhythmical creation of beauty. ?Poetry is the image of man and nature. ?“诗言志，歌咏言。” ---《虞书》 ?“诗言志之所以也。在心为志，发言为诗。情动于中而行于言，言之不足，则嗟叹之；嗟叹之不足，故咏歌之；咏歌之不足，不知手之舞之，足之蹈之也。情发于声；声成文，谓之音。” ---《诗·大序》 ?“诗是由诗人对外界所引起的感觉，注入了思想与情感，而凝结了形象，终于被表现出来的一种‘完成’的艺术。” ---艾青：《诗论》 2.The Sound System of English Poetry a. The prosodic features ?Prosody (韵律)---the study of the rhythm, pause, tempo, stress and pitch features of a language. ?Chinese poetry is syllable-timed, English poetry is stress-timed. ?Stress: The prosody of English poetry is realized by stress. One stressed syllable always comes together with one or more unstressed syllables. eg. Tiger, /tiger, /burning /bright In the /forest /of the/ night, What im/mortal /hand or /eye Could frame thy/ fearful /symme/try? ---W. Blake Length: it can produce some rhetorical and artistic effect. eg. The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea, The Ploughman homeward plods his weary way, And leaves the world to darkness and to me. ---Thomas Gray Long vowels and diphthongs make the poem slow, emotional and solemn; short vowels quick, passionate, tense and exciting. Pause: it serves for the rhythm and musicality of poetry. b. Meter or measure (格律) poem---stanza/strophe---line/verse---foot---arsis + thesis; Meter or measure refers to the formation way of stressed and
英语名言警句赏析
英语名言警句赏析 本文是关于英语名言警句赏析，仅供参考，希望对您有所帮助，感谢阅读。 1、行动将引导你迈向你所渴望的成功。 Action will guide you toward what you desire for success. 2、从今天起，每天微笑吧，世上除了生死，都是小事。 Starting today, every smile, the world in addition to the life and death, are small. 3、“我欲”是贫穷的标志。事能常足，心常惬，人到无求品自高。 "I desire" is a sign of poverty. Things can often enough, the heart often just, people from the high to nothing. 4、任重而道远，博学而笃志，切问而近思。 A long way to go, erudite and atsushi, cut asked and nearly thought. 5、一切成就都缘于一个梦想和毫无根据的自信。 All achievement because of a dream, and unwarranted confidence. 6、你的项目感受是一个买卖，不是一个奇异的企业。 Your project is a business, not a singular enterprises. 7、即使爬到最高的山上，一次也只能脚踏实地地迈一步。 Even up to the highest hill, a step in a down-to-earth way. 8、十九次失败，到第二十次获得成功，这叫坚持。 Failing nineteen times and succeeding, twentieth this call. 9、没有昨天的失败，就没有今天的成功。 Without the failure of yesterday, there is no success today. 10、老板和员工并不是对立的，而是和谐统一的。 The boss and employees are not opposing, but harmony. 11、立志难也，不在胜人，而在自胜。 Also aspire to difficult, is not strength, but since the victory of the season. 12、人生是美丽的，人生是甜密的，并不代表人生是一帆风顺的。
关于经典英文诗歌赏析
英语诗歌以其独特的文体形式充分调动、发挥语言的各种潜能，使之具有特殊的感染力。读来隽永，富有音韵美。下面是是由带来的关于经典英文诗歌，欢迎阅读! 【篇一】关于经典英文诗歌赏析 I Started Early - Took My Dog Emily Dickinson (1830-86) I started Early - Took my Dog And visited the Sea The Mermaids in the Basement Came out to look at me And Frigates - in the Upper Floor Extended Hempen Hands Presuming Me to be a Mouse Aground - upon the Sands But no Man moved Me - till the Tide Went past my simple Shoe And past my Apron - and my Belt And past my Bodice - too And made as He would eat me up As wholly as a Dew Upon a Dandelion's Sleeve And then - I started - too And He - He followed - close behind I felt His Silver Heel Upon my Ankle - Then my Shoes
Would overflow with Pearl Until We met the Solid Town No One He seemed to know And bowing - with a Mighty look At me - The Sea withdrew 【篇二】关于经典英文诗歌赏析 The Wild Swans At Coole William Butler Yeats (1865-1939) The trees are in their autumn beauty, The woodland paths are dry, Under the October twilight the water Mirror a still sky; Upon the brimming water among the stones Are nine-and-fifty swans. The nineteenth autumn has come upon me Since I first made my count; I saw, before I had well finished, All suddenly mount And scatter wheeling in great broken rings Upon their clamorous wings. I have looked upon those brilliant creatures, And now my heart is sore. All's changed since I, hearing at twilight, The first time on this shore,
适合朗诵的英文诗歌欣赏
适合朗诵的英文诗歌欣赏 【篇一】适合朗诵的英文诗歌欣赏 The Passionate Shepherd To His Love by Christopher Marlowe 牧羊恋歌克里斯托夫·马洛 Come live with me and be my love, 来与我同住吧，做我的爱人， And we will all the pleasures prove, 我们将共享一切欢乐; That Valleys, groves, hills, and fields, 来自河谷、树丛、山岳、田野， Woods, or steepy mountain yields. 来自森林或陡峭的峻岭。 And we will sit upon the Rocks, 我们将坐在岩石上， Seeing the Shepherds feed their flocks, 看牧人们放羊。 By shallow Rivers to whose falls 浅浅的小河流向瀑布， Melodious birds sing Madrigals. 小鸟唱着甜美的情歌。
And I will make thee beds of Roses 我将为你用玫瑰作床， And a thousand fragrant posies, 还有上千支花束， A cap of flowers, and a kirtle 一顶鲜花编的花冠，一条长裙Embroidered all with leaves of Myrtle;绣满桃金娘的绿叶。 A gown made of the finest wool 用最细的羊毛织一条长袍， Which from our pretty Lambs we pull;羊毛剪自我们最可爱的羊羔， Fair lined slippers for the cold, 一双漂亮的衬绒软鞋为你御寒， With buckles of the purest gold; 上面有纯金的带扣。 A belt of straw and Ivy buds, 麦草和长春藤花蕾编的腰带， With Coral clasps and Amber studs： 珊瑚作钩，琥珀作扣， And if these pleasures may thee move,
中英文诗歌鉴赏
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