(英语)英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析含解析

（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts. Now, the Emoji-quake campaign is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set — the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide. The campaign aims to find an earthquake-appropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.

"Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes," explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr. Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign. "So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that."

Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring. Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media. "You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself," explains Dr. Hicks. "That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message." Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information. Dr. Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, "Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language."

The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes. A team of designers also came up with emerji—an entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.

（1）According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target?

A. Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions.

B. Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.

C. Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring.

D. Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.

（2）Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "lobby for" in the first paragraph？

A. Hope for.

B. Enter for.

C. Appeal for.

D. Run for.

（3）What can we infer from Dr. Sara McBride's words about emoji?

A. Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot.

B. Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.

C. Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages.

D. Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.

（4）The best title of the passage should be ___________________.

A. Could an emoji save our life?

B. What can emoji do in our life?

C. How is emoji changing our life?

D. Do we really know about emoji?

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”以及第三段中的“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are di fficult to measure while they are still occurring”可推断出这是因为这地震来的快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威胁至许多多人的生命，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。这次运动想以地震为目标。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr. Hicks对此作出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这个观点。可知选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”及第三段“That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.”可推断出表情符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析选项可知D项符合题意，因此选D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员认为还是会有作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。下面的地震博士Dr. Hicks为此作了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。Could an emoji save our life?“一个表情能拯救我们的生命吗？”）符合题意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

The recession (衰退) of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the following recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the OECD, a think-tank of mainly rich countries, shows in its annual Employment Outlook.

Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of new recruits because they are easier to dismiss. But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.

The researchers focus on movements in "non-employment" as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the

advantage of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one-and-a-half points among 25-to 54-year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55-64 age group.

Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past recessions. What has changed, says Stefano Scarpetta, head of the OECD's employment directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the past, early-retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped. Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded. First, it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there is no fixed amount of work. And second, as the report shows, young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation: younger people are keen on IT firms, for example, whereas older folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help the young jobless, but kicking older workers out of the workplace is not one of them.

（1）By saying "The labour market has also broken the rules", the author means ______.

A. young employees were protected by the government

B. young employees suffered moderately in labour market

C. old employees suffered very little in the labour market

D. The recession had little impact on labour market

（2）What do we know about "early-retirement policies" mentioned in the 4thparagraph?

A. They proved to be little use and nearly no longer in effect.

B. They have effectively helped young employees.

C. They financially supported the elderly people.

D. They have gain popularity in southern European countries.

（3）The word "fallacy" (in the last paragraph) probably means "______".

A. common belief

B. wrong concept

C. acceptable assumption

D. wise statement （4）Which of the following might the author agree with?

A. Early-retirement policies should have been well adoptedby governments.

B. Young people should be encouraged into traditional industries.

C. Supportive policies should be made to help elderly people when crisis occurs.

D. Old people's remaining in jobs doesn't necessarily threaten young people's jobs.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究显示2008年金融危机期间以及此后，老员工的表现都优于其他年龄段的人，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为代价的，事实上这种观点是错误的。

（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的"But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups."可知，在上世纪70年代、80年代和90年代的经济衰退中，老员工也被解雇了，但这次不一样了，2008年金融危机期间以及此后，他们的表现都优于其他年龄段的人，可知，作者所说的"劳动力市场也违反了规则"的意思是老员工在劳动力市场上受的影响很小（没有被解雇），故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"In the past, early-retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped"可知，过去，政府的提前退休政策（错误地认为这些政策有助于年轻人）使得把老员工赶出家门的成本更低，现在这些政策已经基本上停止了，由此可知，事实证明，提前退休政策的用处不大，而且几乎不再有效了，故选A。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded."可知，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为代价的。这种观点是错误的，此处解释为什么这种观点是错误的，说的是认为一个人得到的工作就是另一个人失去的工作本身就是一种谬论，由此可知画线词词义为"错误的观念"，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation"可知，在工作场所，年轻人和老年人基本上不是替换关系，他们在不同的行业做不同的工作，由此可知，作者会同意老年人留在工作岗位上不一定会威胁到年轻人的工作，故选D。

【点评本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和句义猜测四个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

I work as the reception manager at my hotel.

A booking came in a few weeks ago with a note attached that a guest would be travelling with her deaf father. This note helped us in preparing for their arrival. As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.

Upon seeing this note and knowing I would be the one to check them in, I decided to learn some very basic sign language. I greeted the guest in my usual fashion, asking for the surname on the booking. Once I heard the name，I immediately realized who was standing in front of me.

I had been learning for two weeks how to say: "Welcome to Ireland. My sign language is terrible, but please, if you need anything during your stay, just let me know and we will help you."

I smiled at the father and daughter in front of me. Turning to the father, I greeted him in ASL (American Sign Language) and began the bit I had learned for him. His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy. Honestly, seeing his reaction was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.

Sadly, I wasn't working the day they checked out, but they left a gift for me, a small box with some chocolates and a book on ASL. Inside was a note saying: "Thank you very much for what you did. My father has been in amazing spirits from the time you checked us in and insisted we get you a gift before we left. You have no idea how much this meant to my father and me, and we can't thank you enough. You've made his trip very special with one simple gesture."

I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the next day and found this gift in my locker.

（1）The daughter left a note when booking the hotel in order to __________.

A.ask for special service for herself

B.give some useful advice to the hotel

C.express gratitude to the hotel manager

D.make her father's trip more comfortable

（2）The daughter cried when they checked in because __________.

A.the author's sign language was really terrible

B.her father was unwilling to live in that hotel

C.she appreciated what the author had done for her father

D.the author wouldn't be working when they checked out

（3）Seeing the father's reaction during check-in the author probably felt __________.

A.thankful

B.satisfied

C.disappointed

D.regretful

（4）From this passage, we can know that __________.

A.the author made the daughter's check-out smooth

B.the author was deeply moved by an unexpected gift

C.the daughter cried for five minutes before they left

D.the daughter asked the author to learn sign language

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆了接待一对父女来爱尔兰旅游，帮助他们登记的故事，因为那位父亲是个聋哑人，执着专门学了手势语"欢迎来爱尔兰"，结果那位父亲对于作者的接待很满意，走得时候还送给作者礼物，并给经理写信，希望给作者加薪。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“As they would be here for a number of days, his daughter wanted to make his trip to Ireland as smooth as possible.”由于他们要在这里呆几天，他的女儿想让他的爱尔兰之行尽可能顺利。可知，女儿在预订旅馆时留下了一张便条，以便让父亲的旅行更舒适。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“His daughter broke down crying and told me I was sweet. But the father just smiled and was so happy.”可知当他们登记入住时，女儿哭了，女儿

情绪失控的原因是作者的细心体贴感动了她，这让她的爸爸很开心。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Honestly, seeing his reactio n was enough for me. It was absolutely worth the last few weeks of learning basic ASL.”老实说，看到他的反应就足够了。最后几周的ASL基础学习绝对值得。可知，看到这位爸爸很开心，作者感到了他的付出是很值得的；因此看到父亲在入住时的反应，作者可能感到很满足。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“I cried for a solid five minutes when I came into work the nex t day and found this gift in my locker.”第二天上班时，我在储物柜里发现了这件礼物，哭了整整五分钟。可知，作者受到这份特殊的礼物后很感动，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate Chitsey loves asking the question "If you could have any three things, what would you want?" at nursing homes in Harrison. Even more amazing, she then sets out to make the residents who live in the nursing home realize their dreams.

Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window. She seemed sad. "What are you looking at?" Ruby Kate asked. Pearl said her dog was led away by his new owner because she couldn't afford to raise it. Ruby Kate and her mother, Amanda, asked around and discovered that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries. So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it.

She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world. Amanda worried that people would ask for cars and other things an 11-year-old wouldn't be able to provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonald fries, pants that ft properly and even just prayer. Using heir own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months. Then they started asking for donations.

The good people of Harrison responded enthusiastically, so much so hat Amanda set up a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents, hoping to collect %5,000. They hit their goal in a month. After GoFundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and promoted her story internationally this past January, Three Wishes raised $20,000 in 24 hours and more than $250,000 in five months.

Earlier this year, Three Wishes for Ruby's Residents became a nonprofit and launched its first nationwide chapters. Ruby Kate doesn't plan to stop there. "I consider kindness to be my hobby," she says, "and I'm very good at it."

（1）What inspired Ruby Kate to help residents at nursing homes?

A.Pearl's sadness for missing her dog.

B.The kindness of residents at nursing homes.

C.Many nursing home residents' lack of luxuries.

D.Her experience of working in a nursing home.

（2）What can we learn from the passage?

A.Three Wishes has set up its worldwide branches.

B.The Chitseys helped satisfy the residents' wishes.

C.The nursing home introduced Ruby's story around the world.

D.The Chitseys are wealthy enough to afford all residents' wishes.

（3）What do the numbers listed in Paragraph 4 indicate?

A.People were supportive.

B.Ruby Kate was generous.

C.Raising money was quite easy.

D.The programme was profitable.

（4）Which of the following can best describe Ruby Kate?

A.Proud and enthusiastic.

B.Creative and imaginative.

C.Warm-hearted and selfless.

D.Ambitious and modest.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲁比?凯特帮助养老院的居民实现他们的愿望，得到了许多同样好心的人的支持的故事。

（1）考查细节理解。根据二段中的“Amanda, asked around and discovered that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries. So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it.”可知阿曼达四处打听，发现许多养老院的居民连最小的奢侈品都买不起，于是露比?凯特决定做点什么。即许多疗养院居民缺乏奢侈品激发了鲁比?凯特帮助疗养院的居民。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Using heir own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months.”用他们自己的钱，奇西夫妇在三个月内答应了大约100人的愿望。可知奇西夫妇帮助满足了居民的愿望。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“After Go FundMe named Ruby Kate a Kid Hero and promoted her story internationally this past January, Three Wishes raised ﹩20,000 in 24 hours and more than ﹩250,000 in five months.”可知在GoFundMe将鲁比?凯特命名为“儿童英雄“之后，今年1月，她在国际上推广了她的故事，三个愿望在24小时内筹集了20000美元，在五个月内筹集了超过250000美元。从这些数据可以看出人们都很支持。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“‘I consider kindness to be my hobby,’ she says, ‘and I'm very good at it.’”可知我把善良当成我的爱好，她说，而且我很在行。由此判断出鲁比?凯特是热心且无私的。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Several years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our

memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives.

There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45-year-old woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess).

Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used "incorrect" for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one ("your password is incorrect").

Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandberg's book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using "Wwssdol9", which stood for "What would Sheryl Sandberg do" plus "19" for the year (2019) of the password's creation. "TnsitTpsif" was the password of another friend, a computer scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for "The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false". For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots that language can tie.

The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her father's childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address (4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one full breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter (口吃) would embarrass him.（1）Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password?

A.To rebuild his reputation.

B.To remind him to act legally.

C.To fight against his poor memory.

D.To hide the unpleasant experience.

（2）What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandberg's book?

A.Doubtful.

B.Interesting.

C.Creative.

D.Inspiring.

（3）What might be the best title for the text?

A.The reasons why people hate passwords.

B.The unusual passwords.

C.The secret lives of passwords.

D.The best ways to make your passwords unique.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back.”可知这名坐过牢的

囚犯用自己的监狱身份证号作为密码主要是提醒自己不要回到过去（不在犯罪）。因此选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus '19’ for the year (2019) of the password's creation.”可知Cortni Kerr读完Sheryl Sandberg's book的书后，找到到了自己的榜样，由此判断出Cortni Kerr认为Sheryl Sandberg的书很激励人心。故选D。

（3）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。选项C. The secret lives of passwords.“密码里的人生秘密”为短文的最佳标题。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

TEENSGIVING is an exciting yearly event where hundreds of New York City teens gather together annually for a remarkable day of community service. This year, TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 participants will once again better New York City and influence thousands of lives!

When is TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016?

Sunday, April 20, 2016

Where is TEENSGIVING?

All over New York City. Everyone will meet at the 92nd Street Y ( 92nd and Lexington ) at 9:00 AM for the event kick-off. Then, all TEENSGIVING volunteers will go across the city to work with our partnering agencies where they will make a HUGE difference and have fun!

Who participates in TEENSGIVING?

Hundreds of teenagers from around the city. Teens come from the 92nd Street Y, various city schools, youth groups, and organizations in the area. In addition, many adult volunteers ( aged 21 and older) will donate their time to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016.

What projects do participants do at the agencies?

Sample projects include painting park benches, planting gardens, visiting and playing with poor and disabled children, assisting at animal shelters, working at soup kitchens, delivering meals and celebrating with families at homeless shelters.

Do I get anything for participating in TEENSGIV1NG?

Yes! Everybody benefits! Teen volunteers will receive “6 hours” of community service credit, good towards honor society, high school graduation and college application requirements. Adult volunteers will be thanked with a light breakfast, a gift certificate for their troubles, and the satisfaction of helping our city's youth contribute to their community. In addition, all teen and

adult volunteers will receive a cool TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 T- shirt.

This sounds awesome! How do I register for TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016? Interested teens and/or adults should e-mail the TEENSGIVING Coordinator Josh Hyman at jhyman@https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a16793496.html, < mailto: jhyman@https://www.360docs.net/doc/7a16793496.html, > (subject: TEENSGIVING) to receive more information and to register for this fantastic event!

Teens can also contact their school's Community Service Advisor.

TEENSGIVING is sponsored by the 92nd Street Y.

（1）TEENSGVING is an event which is held .

A. twice every year

B. every two years

C. once every year

D. from time to time （2）What can the teenagers do in this event?

A. Give thanks to the adults.

B. Take good care of animals.

C. Clean the streets of New York.

D. Work for high schools and! colleges.

（3）An adult volunteer may get for his time devoted to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016.

A. a T-shirt and a gift certificate

B. community service credit and a T-shirt

C. a high school certificate and a light breakfast

D. a gift certificate and community service credit

（4）The writer's purpose in writing this passage is to .

A. ask readers to donate their advice to TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016

B. encourage readers to ask more questions about TEENSGIVING

C. introduce TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 to readers

D. inform readers of some frequently asked questions

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了2016TEENSGIVING 活动内容，时间，地点，志愿者福利等信息。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“TEENSGIVING is an exciting yearly event”可知，TEENSGIVING是一个一年一度的激动人心的事件。故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据What projects do participants do at the agencies?部分中的“Sample projects include painting park benches, planting gardens, visiting and playing with the poor children, assembling model planes for children in hospitals, assisting at animal shelters, working at soup kitchens, delivering meals and celebrating with families at homeless shelters.”可知，活动包括在公园长椅上绘画，园艺劳动，看望贫困儿童并且与他们玩耍，在动物收容所协助照看动物等等。故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据Do I get anything for participating in TEENSGIV1NG?部分中的“Adult volunteers will be thanked with a light breakfast, a gift certificate for their troubles, and the satisfaction of helping our city's youth contribute to their community. In addition, all teen and adult volunteers will receive a cool TEENSGIVING in SPRING 2016 T-shirt.”可知，成年志愿者将获得一份爱心早餐，一个解决他们烦恼的礼品券以及帮助我们城市青少年为他们的社区做

贡献的满足感。另外，所有的青少年和成人志愿者都会获得一个很酷的TEENSGIVING2016春季T恤。故选A。

(4)考查写作意图。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了2016年春季TEENSGIVING的主要内容，以及如何申请参加这项活动。故作者的目的是给读者介绍这个活动，选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

On a February day during an unusually mild winter, found myself missing the snowy beauty. I enjoyed the feeling that comes from watching snow fall gently from heaven while I'm cosy inside with a good fire burning in the stove. But there were more serious concerns, like the lack of rainfall making our woods more accessible to summer forest fires. Local ski fields and hotels, all dependent on a snowy season, felt sorry for the vacant lifts, empty restaurants and unused snowmobiles.

Then I happened to see three little robins (知更鸟) fly into our yard. What were they doing here? West of us, in the Willamette Valley, wild flowers burst this time of year. But here in central Oregon, even if a groundhog (土拨鼠) had wanted to appear, it couldn't have broken through the frozen earth. And yet, these robins had arrived.

Their presence brought me a flow of happiness. It felt like a celebration as I dug into my bag of birdseed and spread a handful on the ground. Above me, the deep blue sky was cloudless, perfectly quiet but for some smoke from a neighbor's chimney. The lively cold made the air fresh and clean.

My robins jumped lightly toward the seed. My soul jumped with them, feeling equally carefree. Caught up in the moment of spring fever, I checked our snowless flower beds. To my delight, I spotted a green branch sticking out through the brown soil.

Despite the cold, I wasn't ready to go back inside. Just a short meeting with those robins had renewed my spirit. The next day I would return to my outdoor work with a cheerful heart and a hopeful eye for these signs of spring.

（1）The author missed a snowy winter because snow could .

A. prevent forest fires

B. boom his business

C. promise an early spring

D. bring him a good feeling

（2）The author felt happy when finding .

A. the sky was deep blue with clouds

B. three little robins flew into his yard

C. wild flowers burst in the Willamette Valley

D. a groundhog appeared through the frozen earth

（3）We can infer from the passage that the author .

A. would enjoy wild flowers the next day

B. thought winter was already over

C. longed for the coming of spring

D. loved robins the most

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，寒冷的冬天，作者在家里发现有三只小知更鸟飞到了他的庭院，他感觉很高兴，于是他决定第二天外出，去寻找春天的足迹。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One a February day during an unusually mild winter, I found myself missing the snowy beauty. I enjoyed the feeling that comes from watching snow fall gently from heaven while I'm cosy inside with a good fire burning in the stove.”可知作者想念下雪的冬天，是因为雪可以给他带来一种很好的感觉，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Their presence brought me a flow of happiness.”可知当作者发现有三只小知更鸟飞到了他的庭院时，他感觉很高兴，所以选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The next day I would return to my outdoor work with a cheerful heart and a hopeful eye for these signs of spring. ”可知作者第二天会欣赏野花，所以选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

How much television do you watch? Did you really give an honest answer? A recent study shows that people aren't totally truthful about their television-watching habits.

The study in question was conducted at Ball State University in the US. Researchers there wanted to find out how much television people view according to their age. The study was paid for by a council associated with the Nielsen Company, which determines television ratings. The conclusions were that people spend more than 8 hours a day looking at a screen. This included cell phones and computers，but the majority were television screens.

There are three interesting things about this study. The first is that people are exposed to more than one hour of advertisements per day. The second is that even with access to DVDs and internet videos, television is still the most popular media source. The third is that the amount of screen-watching people do is relatively the same from the ages of 18-65.

So, if everyone is watching television, why lie about it? Well, if someone admits they watch television for five or six hours, they could be considered a couch potato. Michael Phillips, one of the study's main researchers, says, “There's a social stigma for peopl e who watch too much television. Sometimes, however, watching the latest reality show or the funniest sitcom gives co-workers and friends fun things to talk about.”

Even if you do watch a lot of television, perhaps we can use this study as a reason to be honest with ourselves about how much time we spend in front of the television. I mean, after all, everyone else is doing it...

（1）Why do people lie about how much TV they watch?

A. Because the show they watched is not the latest.

B. Because they may be laughed at by co-workers or friends.

C. Because they don't want others to know what they watched.

D. Because there's something negative attached to watching too much TV.

（2）Which of the following is true according to the study?

A. The most popular media source is the internet.

B. 18-year-olds watch more TV than someone in their 60s.

C. People are exposed to over than an hour of advertisement a day.

D. Researchers say that people watch over 8 eight hours of television a week.

（3）How could people feel to be considered as a couch potato?

A. comfortable

B. ashamed

C. excited

D. satisfied

（4）What idea does the author mainly want to express with the article?

A. what the effects of watching TV are.

B. how much television we should watch every day.

C. there are some interesting facts of watching TV.

D. people lie about how much television they watch.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者分析了人们瞒报看电视的时间的原因。

(1)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“There's a social stigma for people who watch too much television. ”可知看太多电视，被认为不光彩，由此推知，看电视太多与消极的东西联系在一起，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The first is that people are expo sed to more than one hour of advertisements per day.”可知人们每天被暴露在广告下的时间超过一小时，故选C。(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“There's a social stigma for people who watch too much television. ”可知看太多电视，被认为不光彩，由此推知当一个人被认为是一个成天看电视的人，他会感觉很羞耻，故选B。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据全文的主题句“A recent study shows that people aren't totally truthful about their television-watching habits.”可知这篇文章主要讲了人们瞒报看电视的时间，作者对其中的原因进行了分析，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

With fuel costs rising and airlines finding more fees to impose on travelers every day, airfare isn't getting any cheaper. Since you can't drive to all your dream destinations, flying is the only way to go sometimes and, undeniably, the fastest. Luckily, there are plenty of ways to find the most affordable fares and also avoid paying as many extra charges as possible when you plan ahead.

Getting the best fare. Airlines put out their fare sales on Tuesday morning, making this day the

best day to book a flight for less.

Fly during the least popular times. Tuesday, Wednesday and Saturday are the slowest days to fly, which means cheaper deals than the rest of the week. You can also find reduced rates on early morning flights, since many people don't like to get up before the sun to get to the airport. Earlier boarding times can also considerably cut down your chances of getting bumped on an overbooked flight or delayed because of other delayed flights or mechanical issues.

Choose your seat later. Some airlines charge you to pick your seat when you book online, adding even more to the bottom line of your ticket cost. If you show up early on your travel day, you can still get suitable seats. Some of the best seats get held back until flight day, unless others are willing to pay extra for them ahead of time, so you still have the chance at one of those.

Fly on holidays. You already know that summer is the most expensive time to fly, and even though most other times are more affordable, the days surrounding holidays can be crazy. Save big if you're willing to travel on major holidays, such as Thanksgiving and Christmas.

Don't wait until the last-minute to book. Many travelers don't know that there's a sweet spot for booking and getting the best price on your tickets. Book too early or too late and you could end up paying more than you need to. The best time to book is between three months and six weeks from when you want to travel.

Avoiding extra fees Airlines will charge for just about anything these days. Some have even toyed around with charging customers for using the restroom. All those extra fees can certainly add up, but there's no reason to pay them if you don't have to. Here are some tips to keep money in your wallet once you get to the airport.

Avoid the upgrade it's not necessary. Sometimes upgrades are free, but mostly you will be charged for seeking a last-minute bump to first class, and the cost can be hefty.

Fly carry-on only. Baggage fees vary wildly, but almost all airlines charge them and charge big. Why pay for your clothes to fly with you? If everyone in your travel party checks a bag, your bill can be astronomical before you ever even get to your destination. It's easy to reduce the amount of stuff you pack: Make sure all your clothing coordinates, so you can take less and still make more outfit combinations, take only two pair of shoes, plan to do a bit of laundry on your trip and bring only travel-sized toiletries.

Pack your own snacks. Unless you're flying internationally, it's rare your flight comes with a free meal. Snacks on the plane are not cheap and almost never healthy. Don't rely on what's on the small menu and instead tuck some of your own snacks — granola bars, homemade muffins, fruit and trail mix all make fantastic travel foods — into your bag and eat a lot better, and cheaper, than other passengers.

Do you have a tried and true method of getting the best deal on your flights? Let us know.

（1）Tuesday is the best to book a ticket at a lower cost for ________.

A. fewer people travel on Tuesday.

B. the flights are slower than usual.

C. fare sales are usually announced on Tuesday.

D. flights are seldom delayed on Tuesday.

（2）Which of the following will help to cost you less for a flight?

A. Book your flight on Thursday.

B. Travel surrounding Christmas.

C. Pick your seat the moment you book online.

D. Book early morning flights.

（3）The underlined word “hefty” here has the same meaning as ________.

A. large

B. heavy

C. fierce

D. acceptable

（4）To save the cost for the flight, you should ________.

A. check whether the upgrade is free before you bump to the first class

B. make sure your clothes and shoes are fit for a lot of walk

C. share your own snacks with other passengers

D. plan to do the washes on flight

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了买到便宜的飞机票的几个窍门。

( 1 )细节理解题。根据第二段Getting the best fare. Airlines put out their fare sales on Tuesday morning, making this day the best day to book a flight for less.可知，票价通常在星期二公布，所以这一天是以低价订票的好时机。故选C。

( 2 )细节理解题。根据第三段第三句You can also find reduced rates on early morning flights, since many people don't like to get up before the sun to get to the airport.可知，预订早班航班将有助于你节省花费，因为早班机坐的人少，票价较便宜。故选D。

( 3 )词义猜测题。根据倒数第四段中Sometimes upgrades are free, but mostly you will be charged for seeking a last-minute bump to first class, and the cost can be hefty.可知，升级座位只是有时候免费，但是大多数情况下，你会在最后一分钟寻找头等舱时被收费，而且成本是昂贵的，故选A。

( 4 )推理判断题。根据倒数第四段Sometimes upgrades are free, but mostly you will be charged for seeking a last-minute bump to first class, and the cost can be hefty.可知，升级座位只是有时候免费，所以在升级成头等舱时要先确认。

10．阅读理解

Spanish Language & Culture Program

While improving your language skills, you can learn about Spanish culture. With the help, of courses in art, tourism, cinema and more....taught in Spanish.

Place: Alicante. Spain

Price: $ 3.495

Dates:

Program: from May 5th. 2019 to June 1st, 2019

Application: by March 1st, 2019Withdrawal: before April 1st.2019

Application:

Complete application

GPA:not less than 2.5.

$ 95 online application fee

Education completed: high school graduate

Program Details

You'll take 1 language course and 1 culture course. language courses meet for 60class hours/ 4 credits(学分). While culture courses meet for 20 hours/1 credit. Language and culture courses meet daily. Monday-Friday. Active learning of your courses may be scheduled for Fridays.

Before you leave for Alicante, you will choose your preferred courses and take a language placement exam. You'll be admitted to courses based on their availability. So it is in your best interest to have your home university agree with many courses before you set off for Alicante. To make sure that you receive the credit for the language level that is fit for you, have your home university pre-agree with courses at several levels before you leave for Spain. Please ask your advisor at your home university about credit guidelines.

Where You'll Study and Stay

Lying on one of Spain's most. attractive campuses, the University of Alicante allows you to take part in classes and activities: with Spanish and other international students.You can choose CEA housing or prepare your own independent housing. CEA housing will make every effort to match your housing requests.

（1）When can you take back your application?

A.On June 1st. 2019.

B.On April 1st .2019.

C.On May 5th, 2019.

D.On March 5th, 2019.

（2）What can we learn about this program?

A.Each of the courses costs $95.

B.High school freshmen can apply for it.

C.Students can get 5 credits after finishing the program.

D.Active learning courses should be booked ahead of time.

（3）What should you do before leaving for Alicante?

A.Gain as many credits as possible.

B.Prepare many choices of courses.

C.Improve your communication skill.

D.Try your chosen courses at your home university.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一个学习西班牙语和西班牙文化的项目。（1）考查细节理解。根据Dates部分中的“Withdrawal: by April1st, 2019”可知，在2019年4月1日之前可以撤回对这一项目的申请，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Program Details部分中的“You'll take 1 language course and 1 culture course. language courses meet for 60class hours/ 4 credits(学分). While culture courses meet for 20 hours/1 credit.”你将会有一门语言课，一门文化课程。语言课程上60个小时，获得4学分。文化课程上20个小时，获得1学分。可知，该项目结课时，学生一共可获得5个学分。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Program Details 部分中的“So it is in your best interest to have your home university agree with many courses before you set off for Alicante.”最好是在你去Alicante 之前，让你现在所在的大学同意你可选多种多样的课，可知，该项目不能保证你一定能选到你想上的课程，所以应该在前往Alicante之前准备好多种课程选择。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。