钻井工程术语(中英文对照)

钻井工程术语

Terms of well drilling engineering

2钻井总论 general

2.1井的基本概念basic concept of a well

井well ，井口wellhead，井底hole bottom，裸眼open-hole，井深well depth，井壁well wall，annulus井眼轴线hole axis:井眼的中心线，井身结构casing program

2.2井的类别well type:

探井exploratory well，开发井development well，直井straight well

3钻井方法drilling method:

顿钻钻井cable tool drilling:，杆式顿钻rod tool drilling，绳式顿钻cable drilling，旋转钻井rotary drilling，转盘钻井rotary drilling，顶部驱动钻井top drive drilling，井底动力钻井down hole motor drilling，涡轮钻井turbo-drilling，螺杆钻井Dyna-drilling，电动钻井electric drilling:

2.4钻井种类kinds of drilling

海上钻井offshore drilling，沙漠钻井desert drilling，清水钻井water drilling，空气（天然气）钻井air(gas) drilling，泡沫钻井foam drilling，雾化钻井mist drilling，充气钻井液钻井aerated drilling fluid drilling，平衡压力钻井balanced pressure drilling，欠平衡压力钻井under-balanced drilling，近平衡压力钻井near balanced drilling，小井眼钻井slim hole drilling，取芯钻井core drilling，2.5工程报废井engineering abandoned well

2.6钻井设计well design

2.7单井工程设计engineering design of a single well

2.8钻井工程质量drilling engineering quality

2.9钻井工序drilling process

2.10钻井进度drilling progress

2.11钻井条件drilling condition

3岩石的物理机械性质及可钻性rock physical mechanical properties and drillability

3.1岩石的物理机械性质rock mechanical properties:

矿物的微硬度mineral micro-hardness，岩石的微硬度rock micro-hardness，岩石的硬度rock hardness，肖氏岩石硬度Shore's hardness，岩石的筒形抗内压胀烈试验hollow cylinder burst test:，岩石的常规抗压缩强度rock compressive strength，岩石的捣碎法压缩试验crashing compression test for rock，岩石的抗压入破碎强度rock fragmenting strength，压模静压入static impact test，压力面pressure face，等剪应力球面iso-shear sphere，压模压入岩石时的变形曲线force-penetration curve，动压入(冲击压入) impact penetration，岩石的抗剪切强度rock shear strength，岩石的抗剪切强度试验rock shear testing，三轴应力状态tri-axial stress state，岩石的三轴强度试验tri-axial compressive test of rock，岩石的常规三轴试验conventional triaxial test of rock，岩石的真三轴试验true triaxial test of rock，脆性岩石brittle rock，岩石的塑性rock plasticity，塑性岩石plastic rock，岩石的塑性变形rock plastic deformation，，岩石的假塑性破坏rock pseudo-plastics breakage，，

岩石的塑性系数rock plasticity coefficient，岩石脆塑性转变压力(临界压力) rock brittle-plastic transition pressure，岩层蠕变strata creep，岩石的库仑-纳维尔强度准则Coulomb-Navier strength

criterion for rock，岩石的莫尔强度准则Mohr failure criterion for rock，岩石的格里菲斯脆性破坏准则Griffith theory for rock brittle failure，统计强度理论statistical strength theory，破碎机理crushing mechanism，单齿压入试验single tooth penetration test，破碎坑cruched crater，破碎接触压力fracture contact pressure，牙轮钻头承压面积bit bearing area，岩石的表面破碎rock surface fracture:，岩石的疲劳破碎rock fatigue fracture，岩石的体积破碎rock volumetric fracture，岩石的单位体积破碎功rock specific volumetric fragile work，地温梯度geothermal gradient，地温级度geothermal step，高导热系数层high thermal conductivity strata，地应力in-situ stress，岩层的水平侧向应力strata lateral stress，侧压系数lateral pressure coefficient，围压confinning pressure，各向压缩效应triaxial compressibility effect，有效应力effective stress，零有效应力zero effective stress:，压持效应chip hold-down effect，岩石硬度减低剂rock hardness reducer，

3.2岩石的微观结构rock micro-structure，3.3岩石的宏观结构rock macro-structure 3.4岩石的不均匀性rock heterogeneity，3.5岩石的各向异性rock anisotropy

3.6岩石的可钻性rock drill-ability，微观钻头可钻性试验micro-bit drill-ability test，微型钻头micro-bit，微型钻头钻速micro-bit drilling rate，微型钻头刀片齿磨损量micro-bit cutter wear，3.7岩石研磨性rock abrasive properties，

3.8岩石的渗透率rock permeability，

4钻前工程 prespud operation

4.1定井位location determination，4.2选线route selection，4.3井场well site，

4.4井场布置well site arrangement:，4.5井场道路access road at well site，

4.6设备安装equipment installation，4.7圆井cellar，4.8废泥浆池waste(reserve) pit，4.9泥浆罐mud tank，

4.10钻机基础rig foundation，预制基础(活动基础) pre-fabricated foundation，现浇基础(死基础) foundation grouted in situ，桩基础pile supported foundation，

4.11钻机基础设计rig foundation design，

4.12基础安装(摆基础)pre-fabricated foundation setting，

4.13基础浇筑(打基础)foundation grouting，基坑放线foundation pit delimitation，挖基坑foundation pit excavation，填石灌浆grout for bonding rubbles placed into pit，

4.14基础找平foundation levelling，

4.15基础养护concret foundation curing，

4.16井架derrick(mast)，塔形井架pyramid mast，自升式井架self erection mast，前开口式井架cantilever mast，A形井架A-mast，桅形井架mast，

4.17井架结构参数derrick structural parameter，井架公称高度derrick nominal height，井架底尺寸derrick base size，井架上底尺寸water table size，二层台公称高度monkey board nominal height:，井架大门高度V-door height，井架大门开档尺寸V-door demensions，

4.18井架构件derrick member，井架大腿derrick leg，底板(支脚板) bottom plate，横杆(横拉筋) girt，斜杆(斜拉筋) brace，联接板(节点板) connection angle-plate，操作台working platform:，指梁finger board，二层台racking platform(monkey board)，三层台auxillary racking platform，天车台crown safety platform(crown runaround)，天车台人字架gin pole，立管台standpipe board，井架绷绳derrick guy line，绷绳锚guy line anchor(dead-man)，扶梯ladder，钻台derrick floor，立根盒pipe setback(setback)，井架大门(前大门) V-door，绞车大门(后大门) draw-works window opening，挡风墙wind wall，

4.19塔形井架安装pyramid derrick standing，运井架derrick members transportation:，整理井架rig spotting，安装索具string drilling line and install raising line:，吊扒杆cantilever gin-pole

hoisting and setting，封装井架大门V-door closing，升扒杆cantilever gin-pole raising，降扒杆cantilever gin-pole lowering，放扒杆cantilever gin-pole laying down，变幅amplitude，穿钢丝绳string up(stringing up)，对吊balance hoisting with two cantilever，起天车crown block hoisting，放天车crown block dis mounting，高空操作手erector work high above ground，第一操作手first erector，第二操作手erector，第三操作手assistant erector，

4.20自升式井架安装erection of self-erection mast，组装井架mast assembling，井架支架mast bracket，起升支架mast raising，起升绳raising line，底座人字架A-frame of substructure:，井架调节装置balance-adjusting device of mast，井架缓冲器mast damper，

4.21整拖井架skid-mounted derrick，4.22钻机整体拖运rig skidding，4.23校正井架derrick aligning，4.24机泵房engine-pump housing，4.25钻井队野营房drilling crew mobile camp，

4.26扒杆cantilever gin-pole，单扒杆single cantilever gin-pole，悬转扒杆rotable turning and suspended cantilever gin-pole:，吊臂(臂杆) cantilever，主扒杆main pole，上撑杆upper supporting pole，下撑杆lower support pole，辅助撑杆accessory supporting pole，底部转座bottom rotary table，中部转座middle rotary table，顶部转座top rotary table，座板bottom plate，臂顶滑轮cantilever top sheave，变幅滑轮cantilever amplitude sheave，底滑轮bottom sheave，起重钢丝绳hoisting line，变幅钢丝绳amplitude line，

4.27井架安装车A-frame truck:，

4.28静力触探车truck-mounted static probe detector，

4.29尖槟吊扳手(尖扳手)cuspate spanner，

5钻头的选择和使用 bit selection and application

5.1钻头选型bit selection，5.2钻头检查bit inspection，5.3钻头使用寿命bit life，

5.4钻头合理起钻时间reasonable time to pull the bi，5.5钻头过度使用overuse of bit，

5.6钻头正常磨损bit uniform wear，5.7钻头异常磨损bit unfavorable wear，

5.8钻头过度磨损bit excessive wea，5.9牙轮钻头轴承失效bit bearing failure，

5.10钻头磨损分析bit dullness analysi s，牙齿的磨损分级tooth dullness grading，轴承磨损分级bearing wear grading，钻头直径磨损bit gage wear，钻头磨损特征dull bit a ppearance，牙齿折断tooth breakage，牙齿脱落lost teeth，牙齿磨损tooth wear，牙轮掉落cone losing:，牙轮破裂cone cracking，牙轮互咬cone interference，牙轮冲蚀cone-shell erosion，牙轮旷动cone shaking，牙轮卡死cone locked，轴承密封失效bearing seal failure，钻头直径磨小bit gauge wear，喷嘴脱落nozzle losing，水眼螺纹刺坏thread puncture，水眼刺坏water course puncture，喷嘴刺坏nozzle puncture，喷嘴堵塞nozzle plugging，中心磨损严重bit center cored out，巴掌断落shirt-tail cut，巴掌断裂shirt-tail breaking，巴掌尖磨损严重shirt-tail severely worn out，钻头泥包bit balling，井底落物损坏damage from foreign material，

6钻柱、钻井工具及仪表 drill string, drilling tool and instrumentation

6.1钻具drilling tool，方钻杆kelly，钻杆drill pipe，铝合金钻杆aluminium drill pipe，加重钻杆(厚壁钻杆) heavy wall drill pipe，钻铤drill collar，方钻铤square drill collar，偏重钻铤eccentric-weight drill collar，螺旋钻铤spiral DC(spiral-grooved DC):，接头joint(sub)，配合接头(转换接头)

cross-over sub，钻杆接头drill pipe tool joint，水龙头接头swivel tool joint，方钻杆保护接头kelly saver sub，

6.2钻具组合(钻具配合)drill string assembly，

6.3钻柱drill stem，

6.4复合钻柱combination string，

6.5下部钻具组合bottom hole assembly(BHA)，满眼钻具packed hole assembly，塔式钻具tapered drill string，钟摆钻具pendulum assembly，

6.6钻柱压曲pipe helical buckling，6.7切点tangency point，6.8半波长度half wave length，

6.9临界钻压critical weight on bit，6.10变节距空间螺旋弯曲曲线，

6.11钻柱运动方式drill string motion pattern:，钻柱的扭转振动drill-string torsional vibration，钻柱的纵向振动drill-string longitudinal vibration:，钻柱的旋转运动drill-string rotary motion，钻柱自转drill-string revolve on its own axis，钻柱公转drill-string revolve round the bore-hole axis，钻柱的复合旋转drill-string revolves both round the bore-hole axis and on its own axis，

6.12钻柱受力分析drill-string force analysis，6.13钻柱拉应力drill-string tensile stress，

6.14钻柱压应力drill-string compressive stress，6.15钻柱剪应力drill-string shear stress，

6.16钻柱弯曲应力drill-string bending stress，6.17钻柱外挤压力drill-string collapse pressure，

6.18浮力系数法buoyancy factor method，6.19压力面积法pressure-area method，

6.20浮力减轻系数buoyancy factor，6.21钻柱的工作状态drill-string working status，

6.22钻柱静拉设计drill-string static tensile design，安全系数法safety factor method:，设计系数法design factor method:，拉力余量法over-pull margin method:，6.23拉力余量over-pull margin，

6.24钻杆允许下深drill-pipe rated depth，6.25应力减轻槽stress relief groove，6.26低扭矩面low torque face，6.27螺纹磷化thread phosphate coating，6.28阶梯内孔结构stepped bore structure，6.29上紧扭矩make-up torque，6.30最佳上紧扭矩optimum make-up torque，

6.31钻铤连接螺纹弯曲强度比值DC joint bending strength ratio，

6.32钻杆表面缺陷DP surface imperfection:，6.33胶皮护箍细槽rubber protector groove，

6.34大钳伤痕tong mark，6.35卡瓦伤痕slip mark，

6.36地层和井内金属碎屑的切割伤痕notching by formation and junk，

6.37井下三器three down-hole tools，稳定器stabilizer，减振器shock absorber，震击器jar，

6.38井眼扩大器reamer，

6.39井口工具rig tool，大钳(吊钳) tong，吊卡elevator，卡瓦slip，安全卡瓦safety clamps，提升短节lift sub，钻头装卸器bit breaker，旋接器spinner:，6.40指重表weight indicator，

6.41自动记录仪auto-graphic meter，6.42转盘扭矩表rotary table torque indicator:，

6.43多参数仪multi-parameter analyzer，6.44综合录井仪mud logging unit，

7钻井工艺 drilling techniques

7.1钻进(纯钻进)drilling，

7.2钻进技术drilling technique，

7.3钻进参数drilling parameter，钻压WOB，单位钻头直径钻压W OB per unit length bit diameter，比钻压specific WOB，悬重和钻重free hanging weight and hook load while drilling，大钩载荷hook load，转速rotary speed，流量flow rate，

7.4钻进瞬时扭矩torque while drilling，7.5钻进最大扭矩maximum torque while drilling，

7.6中性截面neutral cross-section，7.7零轴向应力截面zero axial stress cross-section，

7.8稳定力stabilizing power，7.9开钻spud in，7.10完钻drilled，7.11送钻feed off，7.12方入和方余kelly-in and kelly-up，7.13进尺penetration footage，7.14机械钻速penetration rate，7.15行程钻速roundtrip penetration rate，7.16钻时drilling time，7.17划眼redressing，7.18倒划眼back redressing，7.19扩眼reaming(under-ream)，

7.20蹩钻bit bouncing，7.21跳钻bit jumping，7.22干钻drilled dry，7.23试钻drill off，7.24停钻stop drilling，7.25顿钻drill-string free fall，7.26溜钻drill-string not well braked，7.27打倒车reverse rotation，

7.28通井wiper trip，7.29放空drilling break，7.30吊打easing the bit in，7.31纠斜hole straightening，

7.32钻水泥塞drill out:，7.33钻开油气层drill in，7.34缩径tight hole，7.35井径扩大hole enlargemen，

7.36单根single，7.37双根double，7.38立根stand，7.39替根alternating pipe，7.40吊单根picking up single，7.41接单根making a connection，7.42起下钻round trip，7.43短起下钻short trip，

7.44双吊卡起下钻trip with two elevators，7.45起钻错扣alternating breaks under trip out condition，

7.46倒换钻具switching within strings，7.47活动钻具drill-string movement-reciprocation VS. rotation，

7.48甩钻具break down，7.49换钻头bit changing，7.50灌钻井液fill in the hole，7.51钻头行程bit run，

7.52钻头磨合running in，7.53起空车running up with empty blocks，7.54穿大绳string-up drilling-line，

7.55倒大绳sliping and cut off drilling-line，7.56快绳fast-line，7.57死绳dead-line，7.58鼠洞rat hole，

7.59小鼠洞mouse hol，7.60拉猫头cat-line pulling，7.61转盘卸螺纹screw out by use of rotary table power，7.62转盘绷扣initial breakout tool-joint by use of rotary table power，7.63钻具刺穿wash out，

7.64蹩泵pump choking up，7.65循环钻井液circulating drilling fluid，7.66地面循环surface circulation，

7.67地质循环circulating for geologic observation，7.68循环周circulation circle，

7.69处理钻井液drilling fluid treatment，7.70挂辅助刹车putting on auxiliary brake，

7.71司钻操作台driller's console，7.72井史well history，7.73钻井日报表daily drilling report，

7.74钻井班报表tour report，7.75钻井液班报表drilling fluid tour report:，7.76钻头记录bit record，

7.77钻具记录drilling string record，

8喷射钻井 jet drilling

8.1喷射钻井jet drilling，

8.2射流jet flow，淹没非自由射流submerged non-free jet，冲击射流impact jet，气蚀射流(空化射流) cavitation jet，脉冲射流pulsed jet，磨料射流abrasive jet，射流水力参数jet hydraulic，射流喷速jet velocity，射流冲击力jet impact force，射流水功率jet hydraulic horsepower，射流的极点jet stagnation point，射流的速度分布jet velocity distribution，射流的初始段flow development region，射流的基本段fully developed flow region，射流扩散角和扩散系数jet spread angle and spread coefficient，射流等速核jet patential core，漫流cross flow，漫流速度cross-flow velocity，射流速度降低系数jet velocity attenuation coefficient，射流动压力jet dynamic pressure，射流动压力降低系数jet dynamic pressure attenuation coefficient，

8.3喷射距离jet reach，

8.4净化井底bottom-hole cleaning，

8.5钻头水力参数bit hydraulic，钻头压降bit nozzle pressure-drop，钻头压降系数Kb bit pressure-drop factor，钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power，钻头比水功率bit specific hydraulic horse-power，

8.6喷嘴nozzle，喷嘴流道nozzle passageways，喷嘴流量系数nozzle flow rate coefficient，等速梯形喷嘴

iso-velocity gradient nozzle，流线形喷嘴streamlined nozzle，脉冲喷嘴pulsed nozzle，加长喷嘴extended nozzle，喷嘴水力特性nozzle hydraulic property，喷嘴结构nozzle configuration，喷嘴组合nozzle combination，单喷嘴single nozzl，双喷嘴two nozzle，不等径组合喷嘴unequal diameter nozzle，反喷嘴inverse nozzle，喷射角impact angle，喷嘴布置nozzle arrangement，喷嘴当量直径nozzle equivalent diameter，不等径喷嘴最佳直径比值optimum diameter ratio of unequal diameter nozzle，

8.7钻井液循环系统drilling fluid circulating system，循环压耗系数circulating pressure loss coefficient，循环压耗circulating pressure loss，临界压耗critical pressure loss，环空压耗annulus pressure loss，地面管汇压耗pressure losses in surface equipment，地面管汇surface equipment，

8.8钻井水力学drilling hydraulics，

8.9钻井液流态drilling fluid flow pattern，平板层流flat laminar flow，塞流plug flow:，管流pipe flow，Z-value，8.11平板度判别准数flat plate level criterion，

8.12喷射钻井的工作方式working regime of jet drilling，最大钻头水功率工作方式maximum bit hydraulic

horse-power regime，最大射流冲击力工作方式maximum jet impact force regime，最大射流喷速工作方式maximum jet velocity regime，经济水功率工作方式economic hydraulic horse-power regime，

8.13最优钻井液流量optimum flow rate of drilling fluid，

8.14最优喷嘴直径optimum nozzle diameter，

8.15临界井深和极限井深critical and limited well depth，

8.16钻井泵的工作状态drilling pump working regime，钻井泵的最大流量工作状态(额定功率工作状态) drilling pump maximum flow rate regim，钻井泵的调节流量工作状态(允许压力工作状态) drilling pump regulated flow rate regime，钻井泵的临界工作条件drilling pump critical working condition，

8.17钻井泵的额定压力drilling pump rated pressure，

8.18钻井泵的额定流量(缸套的额定流量)drilling pump rated flow rate，

8.19钻井泵的额定冲数drilling pump rated pumping speed，

8.20钻井泵的最大输出功率maximum pump discharge horse-power，

8.21钻井泵的特性曲线pump characteristics，

8.22钻井泵的临界特性曲线pump critical characteristics，

8.23钻井泵效率pump mechanical efficiency，

8.24钻井泵水功率利用率pump hydraulic power utilization efficiency，