英美国家概况简答题整理
1.What is the full name of the United Kingdom?
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northem Ireland 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国Its short term :UK:the United Kingdom 大不列颠联合王国
2.What are the other names?
Great Britain （大不列颠）英国its short term: G. B .GB
Britain
England
The British Empire 大英帝国
The British Commonwealth 英联邦
3.What are the two large islands that make up the British Isles?
The British Isles are made up of two large islands---Great Britain(the large one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.
4.What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?
Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. England, Scotland and Wales and Northem Ireland
5. What's its respective capital (首府) ?.
England: London
Scotland: Edinburgh
Wales: Cardiff
Northem lreland: Belfast.
6. What's the national anthem?
God Save the Queen/King
7. What's its national flower?
Rose
8. What's its national flag?
the Union Jack
9. What's its nickname?
John Bull.
C2
1.Whatl kind of country is Britain in terms of its geographical feature? An island country
2. Which river is important in Britain?
The Thames River
3. Can you tell me something about the location of Britain?
It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Chanel in the south and North Sea in the east.
4. What's the climate like in Britain? Why do British people talk about weather very often? Britain has a maritime climate------winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies within a small range. That's why British people talk about weather a lot.
5. What are the symbols of England?
The royal policeman, Royal Coat of Arms(皇家徽章), Black Taxi, Foot Guard,Life Guard, Double Decker Bus ,Union Flag, Big Ben
6. Can you list some landmarks of London?
Tower of London, London Eye, the Buckingham Palace, St Pa ul’s Cathedral, Tower Bridge.
7. What are the symbols of Scotland?
Edinburgh, Edinburgh International Arts Festival, Tartan, Whiskey, Bagpipe, golf.
C3
1.Tell some symbols of Wales?
Saint David, Cardif, Prince ofWales, Eisteddfoudau, Castles.
2.Tell some symbols of Northern lreland?
The Lough Neagh, The Giant’s Causeway.
3.Talk about some famous people in diffrert parts of UK.
William Shakespeare William Wordsworth Robert Burns Catherine Zeta-Jones William Butler Yeats Seamus Heaney
4.The British are mainly made up of______, ______, _______ and _______ .
England, Scotland, Wales,and Northern Ireland
5.Describe the character of the Brtish people briefy.
They are generally reserved conservative in manners, dress and speech.They are famous for their politeness, self-discipline and especially for their sense of humour.
6.Who are the ancestors of the English and who are the ancestors of Scots, Welsh and lrish?
The ancestors of the English are Anglo-saxons while the ancestors of the Scots, the Welsh and the lrish are Celts.
7.How many stages are British history divided into during the formation of the nation?
How long is it?
5 stages.
l. Prehistoric Britain 5000 BC (the early settlers of Britain--the lberian)
ll. Roman Britain 43 AD
Ill. Anglo Saxon Britain 450
IV. Viking and Danish Britain 793
V. Medieval Britain/The Norman Conquest 1066
8.What are the stages specifically?
This period of history covers over 6000 years long. That’s from 5000 BC to 1066 AD.
9.The earliest known settles on the British Isles were _______
Iberians.
10.Christianity was first brought to England by _______.
Romans
C4
1. What is the basis of the British goverment?
constitutional monarchy.
2. Who is the head of the country?
A queen or a king.
3. Who is the present sovereign of the UK?
Elizabeth ll.
4. How many parts make the British Parliament? And what are they? Three. They are the sovereign, the House of Commons.
5. What are the two major parties?
the Conservative Party and the Labor Party.
6. Who presides the cabinet?
the Prime Minister.
7. Who has the real power in the county?
the Prime Minister.
8. Who is the present Prime Minister of the UK?
Theresa May.
9. Where does the Prime Minister live and work?
No.10, Downing Street.
C5
1. How do you know about the different names of USA?
The United States of America; US; https://www.360docs.net/doc/913514937.html,A; U.S.A
2. What's its national flag?
The Stars and Stripes Old GIory,The Starry Banner .
3.How do you know the meaning of its national flag?
The stripes symbolize the 13 colonies that originally constituted the United States of America. The stars represent the 50 states of the Union. White signifies Purity and Innocence; Red, Hardiness and Valor;and Blue. Vigilance Perseverance and Justice.
4. What's the nickname of American people?
Uncle Sam
5. What's its national anthem(国歌)?
The Star-Spangled Banner
6.There are many things that symbolize American culture, could you say some of them? No less than 10 items
1 Statue of Liberty
2 White House
3 President Hill
4 Lincoln Memorial Hall
5 Empire State Building
6 Times Square
7 Broadway Theater District
8) Las Vegas
9) Hoover Dam
10) Disneyland
11) The Gate Way of St. Louise
12) Golden Gate Bridge
13) Yellow Stone National Park
14) The Niagara Falls
15) Barbie Doll
C6
1. Where is the US? Could you tell me its boundary ?
The United States is situated in the central part of North America except its two youngest states.
2. How large is it?
9. 3 million square kilometers
3. What's its rank respectively all over the world concerning to its area and population? A: 4^th P:3^rd
4. How many states are there in the mainland of the United States?
48
5. And which two states are geographically separated from the other?
Alaska, hawaii
6. Whats the capital of USA?
Washingon D.C
Washington Monument
Civil War Memorial;
Jefferson Memorial
Lincoln Memorial
7.What are the two important moutains of USA?
Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky mountains..阿巴拉契业山脉和落基脉是美国的两座大山脉。
8. Which river has been called American Ruhr?
The Qhio River has been called American Ruhr.
9. Which river is "Father of Waters"?
"Father of Waters" refers to the Mississippi River.
10. Which forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United State
The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States.
11.What are the 5 Great Lakes?
Lake Superior
Lake Michigan,
Lake Huron,
Lake Erie
Lake Ontario.
C7
1. The first immiggrants in American history came from _____ and_______
England / the Netherlands
2. Uncle Tom's Cabin and Roots are two novels whichgive a vivid description of the miserable life of the _______
black slaves
3. According to Ameican historians and specialists in dеmоgrарhу 人口学, thеrе аrе
______ great population movement in the history of the United States
Four
4. In _______ the Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called ________
1620, Mayflower
5. Traditionally, the mainstream Americans were called WASPs,that is ________
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants.
C8
1. What is called federalism?
The division of power by a constitution between the central govemnment and state goverment.
2. What is Separation of Powers?
It means constitutional division of powers among the legislature, executive and judicial branches.
3. Can you tell the two houses that make up the American Congress? How many members in each house?
The House of Repesenatives (435 members) and the Senate (100 membes) make up the US Congress(legislature).
4. Tell the two major parties in the U.S. and their symbols.
Democrats & Republicans
Democrats – donkey
Republicans - elephant
5. What is an electoral ollege?.
A group of people (electors) chosen from each state and D.C. to formally elect the President and Vice Presiden.
6. Which president abolished slavery in his tenure?
The 16h president – Abraham Lincoln.
7.Who is the only president serving more than two terms in American history?
Franklin Roosevelt.
8 Who is the first black American president,
Barack Obama.
9. Who is the current American president!
Donald Trump
C9
1. The inhabitants prior to the arrival of the Europeans are now called Native Americans
2. Christopher Columbus _an. Italan navigot or commonly regarded as the discoverer of America.
3. The first successful English settlement in America was Jamestown in 1607.
4.On July4. 1776 in the Second Cotinental congress. The Declaration of Independence was declared, which was primarily written by Thomas Jefferson
5. The frst prsident of the Unted States was George Washington under the new US Constitution.
6. In 1803, the United States paid $15 milion to buy 828 ,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi from France, this is called Louisiana Purchase
7. In the year 1861 , after Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the South seceded to establish a rebel governmenl, The Confederate States of America.
8. The stock market crash was the beginning of the Great Depression in the late 1920s and 1930s. President Roosevelt's (FDR) New Deal measures was to save American democracy and the capital system
9. The United States declared war against Japan after its surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7,1941.
10. The United States dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, thus hastened the unconditional surrender of Japan.
11. After WWII, the United States became one of the two dominant superpowers, and the Cold War began.
英美概况美国部分整理
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
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The industrial revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The industrial revolution A period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, production, and transportation had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain. The Industrial Revolution, was a period of unprecedented technological, economic and social change that completely transformed British culture from a largely rural, static society with limited production and division of labour into the world's first modern industrial society. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labor was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences. The Black Death----It was one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. It is widely thought to have been an outbreak of bubonic plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestisis and have started in Central Asia. It came without warning, and without any cue.The Black Death is estimated to have killed30% to 60% of Europe's population and had profound effects on the course of European history. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.(Rather, it was a number of diverse efforts at political, social, and economic reforms. In spite of limitations of the movement, it brought about changes and improvement in many fields.) Roman Britain was the part of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and about 410. Britannia already had cultural and economic links with Continental Europe, but the invaders introduced new developments in agriculture, urbanisation, industry and architecture, leaving a legacy that is still apparent today. The first Romans to campaign extensively in Britain were
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新编英美概况 许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-7课后习题简答题答案.
Unit 1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1. How many states are there in the United States? And which two states are geographically separated from the others? (50, Alaska, Hawaii) 2. What are the general characters of the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains. 1) To the west of Atlantic coastal plain lie the Appalachian Mountains that begin in Canada and reach all the way to Georgia and Alabama. These are old mountains with rounded tops and wooded hills, usually not exceeding 800m in height. The highest point is only 2000m above the sea. Most of the mountain ridges are low enough to be easily crossed by modern highways. The Appalachians have much beautiful scenery and many tourist resorts. The Ohio and the Tennessee Rivers flow down the western slopes of the Appalachians to the great Mississippi River, deep in the heart of America. 2) To the west of the Great Plains lie the Rocky Mountains, “the backbone of the continent”. These high mountains stretch all the way from Mexico to the Arctic and form what is known as Continental Divide, or Great Divide, the most important watershed on the continent. The Rockies are more than twice as high as the Appalachians and high enough to receive more rain than the surrounding plains and plateaus. Consequently, they are mostly forested. The striking and varied scenery of the Rockies has given rise to the establishment of many national parks here. The other natural wonders include roaming herds of buffalo, elk, deer, antelope and sheep, as well as the famous grizzly bear. Chapter 2 American Population 1.Why is the United States known as a “melting pot”? It means that the US is composed of immigrants from different nations all over the world. ①The people of the US are predominantly white. ②The second most numerous minority in the US were the black people whose forefathers came from Africa. ③American Indians were the original inhabitants on the continent. ④There were about 50.5 million Hispanics in 2010 in the US. They are the Spanish-speaking immigrants from Latin American countries. ⑤The Chinese American have proved to be industrious and intelligent. 2.What factors cause the Americans to move frequently within the United States? ①The desire for economic betterment is generally the most important force inducing migration. ②Geographic difference in economic opportunity, as reflected by such factors as differences in employment opportunities and earning power for workers and differences in the availability and the price of land for farmers. ③Noneconomic factors. Such as climate, racial attitudes, and family tires, influencing migration. 3.Why do many Americans now migrate from cities to suburbs? ①The widespread uses of automobiles and the construction of express highways made it possible for people to live farther away from their jobs. ②The telephone reduced the need for them to work or live in close proximity to one another. ③Suburban areas offered more living space than cities, lower crime rates, less pollution, and superior schools. It is generally believed that they are better place for raising children. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. Discuss the pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas. 1) The Aztecs of Mexico 2) The Incas of Peru 3) The Indians of North America 4) Indian contributions to European culture: Foods, Drugs and Utilitarian objects 2. Why did the discoveries of New World before Columbus not exert great influence in the world at that time?
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Lecture one: Geography and People Location : Situated in the central part of North America with Canada on the north ,Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south ,the United States is on the east coast of Pacific and west coast of Atlantic. Territorial area: 9.5million square kilometers 50states and seat of government is Washington D.C Largest state---Alaska Largest on the continent---Texas Smallest-----Rhode Island(罗德岛州) Newest---Hawaii Three geographical divisions（三大地形区）: Western ,central and eastern part . Land forms and region: Eastern part: Highlands formed by Appalachian range Western part: High plateaus and mountains(Rockies are called as the back bone of the continent). Great central plain: A large plain between the eastern Appalachian and western Rockies Main geographical regions: New England (6,northeast, longest history featured with mountains ,valleys and rivers ,and cities and towns with historic sites ,top-ranking universities ) The Mid-Atlantic States The West (11,a wealth of forests and stream notable cities, high-tech industry predominant agricultural yielding,14% of GDP ) The Mid-West The South (13,plenty of rainfall and mild climate are favorable for agriculture, fast growing industry and population recent years, great size with few large cities The Southwest Hawaii: Tourism is the largest source of income Tropical climate