托福听力题目类型
托福听力的题目类型介绍+ 结合在新东方上托福班的材料
上课前：准备ppt/讲义，要放的听力材料听熟了，题目做熟，如何讲解做好笔记。每个类型至少准备三个，难易程度递增。
上课时：针对每一个题目类型，给出一个例子，一边解释如何解这道题，一边强化技巧，比干讲技巧来得快。带着学生去练习。
托福听力的录音材料类型分为长对话和讲座两种。考生听讲座时看不到题目，每一题大概1~2分
?2篇较长的校园情景对话
?4篇课堂讲座
?听力加试是一套题
Lectures 常考科目/学科背景知识：
?生物的出现几率的确是很高的，不过考的很浅！都讲得些很常见的现象。
?文科地理很多，常考一些小的现象。
?难的有天文化学吧，宇宙，星星物质
?历史作品
哪些类型最难：
最常考的类型：细节题（8~12题），主旨题（4~6题），态度题（8~12题），推断预测题（4~8题）
TPO，即TOEFL Practice Online的首写字母，就是托福在线练习的意思。由于托福是机考模式，所以ETS提供了34套(当前数字)TPO供考生们使用，为考生提供全真的模拟考试环境和过往真题。考生可以用它来感受和体验真实的托福考试题型，熟悉操作界面和平台，检验自己的复习效果。
当然，TPO原则上并不是免费的，ETS定价为美元一套。需要提醒的是，购买正版的TPO 需要在有互联网连接的电脑上运行，同时对电脑系统有一定要求，而IE浏览器和Media Player 最好先升级到最高版本后再运行TPO。
其实托福的复习材料很多，比如巴朗(Barron)，比如官方指南里的题目。但是TPO由于是考过的真题，其练习价值是最高的。用过巴朗做阅读训练的同学普遍反映难度过大，官方指南的题目又难度明显偏低，作为训练和模拟考试才素材都不及TPO的效果和价值高。
TPO对于实战演练的价值如此之高，但是只有区区26套题目。手快心急的同学在复习之初就一天一套地都练完了，结果最后整合的时候发现没有题做，心急如焚。实际上TPO不需要
在那么早的时候就拿出来使用，因为复习托福之初，可能词汇量和各个单项的水平还差很远，打基础的阶段可以做一些单项强化，比如从官方指南的题目入手。
TPO虽然可以拆分成各个部分进行专项训练，不过考生在使用时要注意留几套TPO在上考场前五天一天一套题目地严格按照托福考试时间地进行模拟——也就是说在做TPO的过程中不要查字典或者核对答案，不要停顿，在听力结束后按照托福考试流程休息十分钟后继续完成后面的口语和作文。
最好能够在考试时间上也模拟托福考试，比如从上午十点开始做题，计算一下最后自己答完所有部分一共耗时多久，这样在实战中就能对自己的时间消耗方面心里有数——要知道，很多考场内都没有时钟，而考场要求明确规定考生不能带手表和各种计时工具入场。
另外，购买了ETS原版TPO的同学或者使用软件的同学要注意托福操作界面的特点和细节(比如显示字体、背景颜色、试音在何处出现等等)，并尽量适应这些细节。TPO演练一方面可以测试自己前面时间里的复习成果，另一方面也可以逐步帮助自己适应托福实战的考试节奏，提前感受那种人在考场的紧张情绪。
一些同学在第一次做完TPO的题目后就把它们丢在一边了。实际上TPO绝对有反复使用的价值的。要知道一套阅读你虽然做过，但是很可能只留下了肤浅的印象。以阅读题为例，在第二次做时，除了对于主旨题已经有把握了以外，其他部分仍然需要重新阅读和理解。
这样的话，用过的TPO仍然可以当做新题来做。听力中的对话和Lecture也是一样，大多数人听到第一句话，只能回忆起这篇听力的话题，但是细节已经都想不起来了。这样一来，TPO
就可以反复使用了，比如第一个月做过的TPO在复习到第三个月时就可以拿出来了。
主旨题
主旨题又名主题题，是以录音材料的主旨大意作为考查内容的一种题型。主旨题的考查频率非常高，几乎每篇托福听力的录音材料都会考一道主旨题，有的录音材料甚至会考两道。主旨题常见的提问方式有以下几种：
What is the main idea of this lecture
What are the two speakers talking about
Why does the student go to see his professor
主旨题虽然考查频率高，但是相对来说解题难度并不大。大多数托福听力录音材料的主题都会出现在文章开头的1~2分钟内，有时主题的关键词或是关键词组在录音中还会被反复提及。考生只要抓住录音开头的内容，就能够解决大多数的托福听力主旨题。
除此之外，解答某些主旨题必须将录音材料各段的主题加以归纳，才能够得出全文的主旨。这些题目只要考生听懂了每段话的开头几句话，一般解题难度也不会很大。（大意可能包含两个或更多的主要观点）
答题技巧：
?不要过于思考主旨题，往往第一印象是最准确的。
?选项中同义词替换很正常，不要刻意去找原文听到过的单词。
?如果答不出来，根据上述答题技巧，也能猜出来答案。（具体例子见新东方托福材料，绿皮）
结构题
结构题是以录音材料的行文结构、展开顺序作为考查内容的题型，常见的提问方式有以下几种：
What is the organization of this passage
How is the lecture organized
What method does the professor use to develop his idea
How does the instructor clarify her point about ….
在实际考试中，结构题考的并不多，但是解答起来却令很多考生感觉头疼。因为任何一篇录音材料都不会主动讲出“本文是一种怎样的结构”，因此想从讲述人所说的内容中直接找到答案是很困难的。那么想解答这种题目，就需要考生在平时复习时熟练掌握托福听力的录音材料有哪几种常见结构，每种结构有什么特征。只有这样，在做题的时候才能够做到有针对性地听题。
几个结构的例子：
Classify or categorize information
Describe causes and effects
Explain reasons
Give examples
Narrate an event
Show differences between ideas
Show similarities between things
Summarize a process
***每次听完，做完题，返回去做“精听”，研究结构。
长对话结构
1. 问题解决型
一个学生有问题，另一个学生提出解决方案。
Why don't you…..
Maybe you should …
Can /may/could/would….
2. 服务对话
一个学生与一个专业人士（professor, librarian, staff）
服务人员明确解释学生应该….
3. 大事件
针对一个会议
Have you heard about ….
Do you know about …
讲座结构
1. 对比和对照，两个或多个事物的异同
a. 先介绍框架
Several theories ….
Many different views …
Many hold/believe the opinion …
b. 讲解每个单项的特点
In contrast
Similarly
However
2. 因果关系，讲解为什么会出现这种现象
a. 提出现象，情形
b. 引出原因
Why would this happen
What leads to this
c. 给出原因
causes/results in/leads to/is responsible for
3. 抽象范畴与具体例证
抽象-具体，具体内容-概括解释
抽象：
One approach…
The concept …
The idea is …
具体：
For example,
We see this in
This is illustrated/shown/demonstrated by…
4.
态度题+目的题：determining attitude and purpose
态度题是考查说话人对某话题所持的态度的题型。这种题型考查的范围比较广泛，有些题目考查说话人对某人的态度，有些则考查说话人对某事件的态度，还有些题目会考查说话
人对某观点的态度。态度题常见的提问方式为：
What is the professor’s attitude toward the expert on the television programme
Why does the student go to see the professor
What is the purpose of the talk
在解态度题时，讲话人的语气和语调是一个非常重要的解题因素。在录音中，如果说话人突然出现声音变大、语调降低或者说话重复、结巴等现象，往往都从侧面表明了他对某一事物所持的态度。考生在听到这样的句子的时一定要加以辨识。
有时候说话人会直接说出其目的：
I need advice about my paper
I’m concerned about my grade for this class.
I’m applying to graduate school, and I was wondering if you’d write me a letter of recommendation.
但是，说话人通常不会直接说出目的，而是间接的方式，注意其语调，可以帮助判断。
对话或者讲座目的例子：
To ask for advice
To answer a question
To compare two or more things
To define a term
To emphasize importance
To give examples
To introduce a new concept
To recommend a course of action
（具体例子见新东方托福材料，绿皮）
细节题
细节题顾名思义，就是考查录音材料中细节信息的题型。这是在托福听力所有题型中考查频率最高的一种题型，每篇录音材料平均都会考查3~4道题。这种题目考查的具体内容非常琐碎，时间、数字、答话的内容、列举的内容都可能作为细节题的考查对象。要想做好细节题，需要考生对说话人提到的时间、地点、物品名等多留意。
1. 细节题常见的提问方式有以下几种：
When will the woman go to the lab
What does the word “anthropologist”mean
According to the passage, what is the most significant event in 2,000 .
Why does the critics dislike the ancient style of sculpture
2. 有些题目要求考生选择一幅图片或图片中的某一部分：
Which picture ___
Select the drawing that shows ___
Select the diagram that represents ___
3. 有些材料问及材料中的术语：
What is a ___
In this conversation, what does ___ mean
How does the professor define ___
4. 再听一遍录音，回答问题：
Listen again to part of the talk. Then answer the question.
什么时候记笔记
A. 解释
某个概念+which means + 解释部分
…… which is/that is……
What I mean is ……
All that me ans ……
…… and it means ……
B. 举例强调
For example/for instance
Such as ……
Namely, ……
As an example
C. Lecture中，教授提问，学生的回答。
D. 转折
But, however, actually, practically, virtually, as a matter of fact, in fact, to tell you the truth, you know what, nevertheless, while, yet, unless, except for.
E. 建议（出现建议时，后面答案可能性大）
You should, recommend, recommendation, propose, tips, had better, be better of doing sth,
How does …… sound
Would it make things go faster if you ……
Maybe/perhaps you ……
If I were you, I would ……
F. 数字
切记！
?不要由于某个单词出现而选择；
?同义替换几率大。
预测题
预测题是对长对话或讲座结束后将会发生何种事件的猜测的考查。这种题目有一个鲜明特征，就是在题干中经常会出现will这个表示将来时态的助动词。预测题常见的提问方式有以下几种：
What will the man do after the conversation
What will the student include in his assignment
What kind of assignment will the professor give
考生在解答预测题时首先要注意，预测题有一个十分常见的特征，就是它的答案一般都出现在一篇录音材料的结尾。同时，预测题的答案在出现时一般都是由讲话人使用一个提出建议的句子来给出。因此，考生只要在文章结尾听到提出建议的句子，一定要将其中所提出的建议记下来，这往往就是预测题的答案。这里再补充一下用来表示提出建议的常见句型：How about .../What about .../Why not .../Why don’t you .../Would you mind .../Would you please .../I have a suggestion for you./You need to .../You should .../You’d better ...
推理题
推理题是让考生根据所听内容进行推理从而选出答案的题型。常见的提问方式包括：What does the woman imply about the new medical research
What can we infer from the professor’s comment on New England system
在做题时，考生首先需要仔细读清楚选项。因为推理题的答案一般也不会在录音材料里中给出，而是需要考生对材料内容进行进一步衍伸，得出更深层次的内容。所以，考生往往只有在读完选项之后，才能知道答案对应的内容。同时，推理题虽然考查的是录音材料的细节之处，但是其考查内容还是围绕着全文主题展开的。因此在做题时，如果考生实在不知道选哪一个，那么就可以去选和全文主题最接近的选项，这样的选项大多数都是正确的。
重听题
重听题是托福听力题目中一种非常特殊的题型。在这种题目中，讲述人会把录音材料中的一小部分内容重新再读一遍，然后让考生根据这段重新听到的内容找出符合要求的选项。在考试中，每道重听题中都会给出一个耳机的图标。其常见的提问方式包括：Listen again to part of the lecture, then answer the question.
What does the professor mean when she says this
What is probably true about ….
What can be inferred from the talk
重听题的解题思路比较多样化。有些题目考查所重复段落的含义，有些题目考查段落中某个习惯用语的含义。考生要根据自己所听内容，辨别出题人想考查的到底是哪方面的内容。另外，有些重听题中虽然重复了一部分文章内容，但是必须结合重复的内容在录音材料中的上下文去推理才能得出答案。所以考生在做题时要保持清醒的头脑，如果发现从重复的内容中找不到答案，就要立刻回忆，从上下文中去寻找正确答案。
是非判断题
是非判断题也是托福考试改革后出现的较为新颖的题型，一般是列出很多与录音材料中所提及的内容较为相似的句子，让考生辨别究竟哪些是录音材料中提到的。以下例题是其常见的出题方式：
The professor discusses how an animal becomes a fossil after its death. Indicate whether each sentence below is a step in the process.
YES
NO
The animal dies.
The hard tissues decompose.
The soft tissues decompose.
The hard tissues remain.
是非判断题多数情况下与细节题考查的内容有类似之处。不过考生要注意的是，很多是非判断题都是2分题，错一个选项扣1分，再错一个选项再扣1分。另外，是非判断题的YES和NO的选项个数并不是平均分配的，但一般不会出现所有选项全是YES或者NO的情况，考生可以利用这一点，在做题时判断自己的选项是否选的合适。
注意绿皮折角页一些特殊题目
信息分类，总格过程
托福听力功能题及态度题
托福听力功能题及态度题 功能题 在新托福听力中, function功能题占大约15%的比重。那么考生要学会识别function 功能题并把握其解题技巧。 首先我们看看功能题的典型提问方式： What is the purpose of the lecture? What does the professor imply when she says this? Why does the professor say this? What can be inferred from the student’s response? 其次我们学习下功能题的解题技巧 解答这类题目，考生需要注意重听的某句话在重听的小层次中所起到的作用。单独看这句话，可能考生无法判定它的功能。那么放在语境中，考生才能更好地把握其功能。 而在托福听力中常见的功能的分类有解释，总结，建议，鼓励，强调，纠正错误等。此外考生可以根据这些常见的功能分类，分析可能出现的考点，利用听力过程中的笔记把握重点内容。在记笔记的过程中注意把握语气、语调的升降。这些都是功能题常出现的考点。有重点地把握这些能够更好地把握功能题，并提升功能题的正确率。 态度题 在P类问题(Pragmatic Understanding Questions)中，态度题所占的比重相对较少。但是不可忽视其重要性。下面我们来看看托福听力中态度题的一些情况。 态度题的典型提问方式： What is the professor’s opinion of …? What can be inferred about the student when he says this?
托福听力Tpo真题——动物专题
TPO Listening Exercises Subject: Animal Sciences Your Name: Your Class:
TPO1 Lecture 4 is the main topic of the lecture The types of habitats marmots prefer Methods of observing marmot behavior Feeding habits of some marmot species Differences in behavior between marmot species to the case study, why are marmots ideal for observation They do not hide from humans They reside in many regions throughout North America They are active in open areas during the day Their burrows are easy to locate the appropriate description of each marmot species' behavior to the box below the marmot's name Click on a phrase. Then drag it to the space where it belongs. One of the phrases will not be used Displays aggressive tendencies is family oriented says active during the winter reason does the professor give for the difference in marmot behaviour patterns? Type of food available The size of the population Interaction with other marmot species
托福听力Tpo真题_动物专题
TPO Listening Exercises Subject: Animal Sciences
Your Name: Your Class: TPO1 Lecture 4 12.What is the main topic of the lecture ●The types of habitats marmots prefer ●Methods of observing marmot behavior ●Feeding habits of some marmot species ●Differences in behavior between marmot species 13.According to the case study, why are marmots ideal for observation ●They do not hide from humans ●They reside in many regions throughout North America ●They are active in open areas during the day
●Their burrows are easy to locate 14.Drag the appropriate description of each marmot species' behavior to the box below the marmot's name Click on a phrase. Then drag it to the space where it belongs. One of the phrases will not be used Displays aggressive tendencies is family oriented says active during the winter 15.What reason does the professor give for the difference in marmot behaviour patterns? ●Type of food available ●The size of the population ●Interaction with other marmot species ●Adaptations to the climate 16.Why does the professor say this() ●To inform the student that his definition is incorrect ●To suggest that the student did not do the reading ●To encourage the student to try again
托福考试听力有几道题(最新)
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