2018届奉贤区高考高三英语一模完整版.doc

2017学年奉贤区调研测试

英语试卷

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

1. A. interviewer and interviewee. B. teacher and student.

C. doctor and nurse.

D. boss and secretary.

2. A. 9:00. B. 9:10. C. 9:30. D. 9:35.

3. A. pass the journal. B. listen to the woman.

C. repeat his request.

D. take the journal himself.

4. A. exciting. B. disappointing.

C. interesting.

D. satisfactory.

5. A. to make a budget for her. B. to buy a gift for Mary.

C. to give her mother information about Mary.

D. to give some suggestions.

6. A. he wants to finish his study. B. he wants to earn a lot of money.

C. he wants to finish his study.

D. he wants to have a good rest.

7. A. The woman should not get involved in the situation.

B. The woman should not be angry with the friends.

C. he will explain to the woman what happened.

D. he will talk to Sally and Mark soon.

8. A. good weather tomorrow. B. the vacation plan.

C. getting up early in the morning.

D. possible heavy traffic.

9. A. interested. B. fascinated. C. hostile. D. reluctant.

10. A. intelligence determines admission to college.

B. highly motivated students usually do well in college.

C. successful college students are usually intelligent.

D. a successful college motivates its students.

Section B

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.

11. A. two terms. B. three terms. C. four terms. D. five terms.

12. A. because he had been a policeman.

B. because he earned a law degree in a night school.

C. because they had formed a good opinion of him.

D. because there was a large population of black people in Los Angeles.

13. A. they want people in Los Angeles voted.

B. an introduction about Thomas Bradley, major of Los Angeles.

C. the reasons why white candidates failed in the vote.

D. something Thomas Bradley did for the vote.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. he has more than fourteen pills a day. B. he has two pills a day.

C. he has four times a day.

D. he has nine pills a day.

15. A. all of them. B. three kinds of medicine.

C. two kinds of medicine.

D. almost none.

16. A. children over twelve years old. B. older people with a fever.

C. old people with heart attack.

D. adults with a cold.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. she has made an attempt to become pregnant.

B. she has requested her supervisor to transfer her to another department.

C. she has bought the new equipment for the laboratory.

D. she has complained to the government about the issue.

18. A. because the new equipment is not available now.

B. because the patient has made too many complains.

C. because the hospital wants to tighten its budget.

D. because the new equipment carries a health risk.

19. A. a technician in the hospital lab. B. a doctor working in the hospital.

C. a teacher working in the school.

D. head of hospital administration.

20. A. she will be likely to quit her job. B. she still feels at a loss as what to do.

C. she will complain to the administration.

D. she will fight to get her income back.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Different background shouldn’t mean less education. Fifty years ago, in a primary school classroom, two boys aged 11 took an examination called the 11-plus, (21)______ would make decisions about the rest of their lives. Paul passed and went to a “grammar school”. Baz failed the examination and went to a “secondary modern school”. They did not see each other again for years.

Many grammar schools (22)______ (establish) hundreds of years ago to teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families. They encouraged students to study (23)______ they were 18 and then to go to university. Secondary modern school students left at 16, usually with fewer qualifications than grammar school students. Baz says the secondary modern school had (24)______ (few) resources and the quality of teaching was not as good.

Things have changed. In the 1960s and the 1970s “comprehensive schools” were created. Today, 90 percent children aged 11 to 16 from the same area to the same school without (25)______ (take) any entry examination.

The British often disagrees about the best way (26)______ (educate) their children. Many people say that comprehensive schools help more children to succeed because they provide everybody (27)______ similar opportunities in a fairer way. Another view, though, is that more intelligent children, especially (28)______ from poor homes are better supported at grammar schools. Now, the government plans to open new grammar schools (29)______ ______ almost two million children will go to the same type of school that Paul attended.

And Paul and Baz? Aged 60, they met again and compared (30)______ had happened to them. After university, Paul qualified as a teacher. Baz went to work in a factory at 16 and later became an engineer. In fact, Baz had a much higher salary than Paul – so perhaps life is fair after all.

There’s nothing more annoying than settling down to sleep and hearing the sound of a mosquito buzzing around you.

The only thought most of us ever give to this noise is “I need to get rid of this insect, immediately”, but it turns out that the mosquito is actually quite a(n) __31__ creature.

A term of scientists from Oxford University in the UK, in __32__ with the Royal Veterinary College in London and Chiba University in Japan, recently published a study that found some interesting facts about the world’s most __33__ insect.

By placing eight cameras inside a tiny film studio, the scientists could study several mosquitoes up close. The high-tech cameras filmed the insects at 1,000 frames per second, meaning the scientists were able to study the insects’ __34__ in never-before-seen detail. However, it wasn’t always straightforward.

“Recording mosquitoes during free-flight represented a huge technical challenge due to their small size, __35__ wing beat frequency, and the presence of large antennae and legs that can __36__ the view of their wings,” Simon Walker of Oxford University, co-author of the study, wrote.

Published in the journal Nature, the study found that mosquitoes flap their wings around 800 times a second. As a __37__, house flies flap their wings about 200 times a second, and hummingbirds 50 times a second.

Richard Bomphrey of the Royal Veterinary College, the study’s leader, believes that mosquitoes have a unique flying method that sets them apart from other flying insects.

“We predicted that they must make use of clever tricks, as the wings __38__ the ir direction at the end of each half-stroke,” he wrote in the study.

Hopefully, the discovery of the mosquito’s special abilities will be of benefit to engineers in the future. The findings could lead to better aircraft, or even improvement to tools like lenses or pumps.

But the scientists hope their study can one day be __39__ to new developments in more human-focused use.

“The more we know about mosquitoes, the better our chance of understanding their flight behavior, how they carry disease and __40__ how to stop them from doing so,” Walker wrote.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Artists have long claimed alcohol and other drugs as inspiration for their creativity. But is there really a(n) __41__ between intoxication（醉酒）and inspiration? A recent study published in Consciousness and Cognition explored the effects of moderate drunkenness on people’s creativity. The authors suggest that alcohol’s well-known effect in __42__ executive function may be helpful for these types of creation problems: “Somet imes a reduced ability to __43__ one’s attention can have positive implications for select cognitive tasks,” they write.

The findings raise the question of whether drugs that __44__ attention and focus, in particular, stimulants（兴奋剂）, would have the opposite effect on creative thinking __45__, very little research has been done on the issue, and what results exist so far have been mixed. The outcomes may well vary according to individual __46__ to the drugs. __47__, some research has found that while stimulants can __48__ test performance for those who are less intelligent, for the smartest folks, the drugs can have the opposite effect.

If less executive function is linked to more creativity, this may also explain why artists, writers and musicians appear to be more __49__ to have an addiction. Perhaps creative people are more likely than others to be __50__ to drugs in the first place, as a possible source of inspiration. And then, if reduced executive function is __51__ in part for their initial talent, this, too, could make them more easily influenced by __52__ once they start using. Having less executive control before you even take drugs means you’ll have less ability to stop once you start.

Whatever the real relationship between drunkenness, addiction and art, the authors __53__ that their study findings don’t give people __54__ to get drunk to “inspire the muse（冥想）.” Co-author Jennifer Wiley, associate professor of psychology at the University of Illinois at Chicago, told the British Psychological Society’s Research Digest: “We tested what happens when people are slightly drunk-not when people drank to __55__. There could be no argument from these findings that drinking excessively would have the same effects.”

A glass of wine or two, however, may occasionally help.

41. A. attraction B. reservation C. connection D. decoration

42. A. strengthening B. damaging C. maintaining D. assessing

43. A. block B. reduce C. disturb D. control

44. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase

45. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore

46. A. additions B. responses C. oppositions D. contrasts

47. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand

48. A. conceal B. executive C. improve D. delete

49. A. vital B. likely C. ideal D. difficult

50. A. attracted B. contributed C. responded D. withdrawn

51. A. responsible B. illegal C. natural D. impossible

52. A. confusion B. ambition C. addiction D. exhaustion

53. A. lower B. monitor C. function D. caution

54. A. sacrifice B. privacy C. appreciation D. license

55. A. priorities B. extremes C. bottom D. Affection

Section B

(A)

I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in her 60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.

The woman looked down, shook her head and said: “Not so good. My husband just lost his job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”

Then she gave the cashier food stamps（食品券）.

My heart ached. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. Should I offer to pay for her groceries, ask for her husband’s resume?

As I walked into the parking lot, I spotted the women returning her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse that I thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful of cash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.

My heart pounded as I approached the woman.

“Excuse me,”I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like to give you something.”

I handed her the small card from my purse.

When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said, “You have no idea how much this means to me.”

I was a little startled by her reply. Having never anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. All I could think to say was, “Oh. Would it be OK to give you a hug?”

After we embraced, I walked back to my car -- and began to cry, too.

The words on the card?

“You Matter.”

A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card as encouragement for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them.

56. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first three paragraphs?

A. The woman’s family mainly depends on her son.

B. The cashier helped the woman by giving her some food for free.

C. The woman and her family were having a tough lime.

D. The author wondered why the cashier was familiar with the woman.

57. The woman cried when she got the card, probably because ______.

A. it greatly encouraged her

B. she could use it to buy food

C. it could solve her present problem

D. it could land her husband a job

58. The und erlined word “startled” in Paragraph 10 probably means ______.

A. interested

B. grateful

C. ashamed

D. astonished

59. From the article, we can tell that the author is a ______ person.

A. smart

B. kind-hearted

C. knowledgeable

D. confident

(B)

Seek Out a Unique Beach

VISIT

Oregon. For sun and fun away from the crowed beaches of Florida, check out the Oregon coast and its 363 miles of gorgeous shoreline, stretching from the Columbia River south to the redwood forests of California. Every bea ch is public and free. “The coast is a perfect place to watch sea lions sun themselves or simply see the mighty Pacific weaves crash in the sunset followed by a seafood feast in one of the busy fishing communities located between the coves（小海湾）,” says Bramblett. July and August aren’t peak gray whale migration season, but there’s still a good chance you could catch a glimpse of some of the 200 whales that spend the summers off the Oregon coast.

SLEEP

Next to a lighthouse. Imagine yourself an ancient mariner when you book a room overlooking the Pacific Ocean at the Heceta Head Lighthouse Bed and Breakfast in Yachats, Oregon. The working lighthouse, which dated to 1894, cast a bright beam 21 miles out to sea, making it the brightest light on the Oregon coast. The cliff-top rooms at the Light Keeper’s home nearby aren’t cheap-you’ll sell out up to $ 385 for a weekend night during peak season (price includes a seven-course breakfast).

BEW ARE

Dangerous currents Unless you love cold water (or wear a wet suit), you may not wait to venture into the sea off the Oregon coast, even during the summer. But if you do, be prepared for the U.S. Lifesaving Association. Swim parallel to the beach until you’re no longer being pulled out to sea, then swim diagonally（成对角线地）toward the shore.

BRING

Baby powder. Use a generous amount of baby powder to remove sand rom your hands, feet or hair. The powder quickly absorbs moisture, allowing sand to fall off easily.

60. It can be inferred rom the section SLEEP that ______.

A. the price of one night stay remains the same all the year around

B. those who stay there can have a free access to the beach and the lighthouse

C. those who want to stay there have to pay more during a tourist season

D. the price includes the breakfast for seven people

61. What is suggested by the leaflet if you want to enjoy your stay at the beach?

A. Avoid wearing wet suits.

B. Never dive into the cold water off the coast.

C. Bring baby powder to protect your skin from sand scratches.

D. Don’t swim straight toward the shore when there’re dangerous currents.

62. Oregon coast will provide you with all the following experiences EXCEPT ______.

A. a perfect view of sea lions

B. a mariner like stay in the more than 100-year-old lighthouse

C. a seafood feast in the popular local community

D. sun and fun of the less crowed beach.

(C)

With the coming of big data age, data science is supposed to be starved for, of which the adaption can point a profound change in corporate competitiveness. Companies, both born in the digital era and traditional world are showing off their skills in data science. Therefore, it seems to have been creating a great demand for the experts of this type.

Mr. Carlos Guestrin, machine learning professor from University of Washington argues that all software applications will need inbuilt intelligence within five years, making data scientists-people trained to analyze large bodies of information-key workers in this emer ging “cognitive” technology economy. There are already critical applications that depend on machine learning, a subfield of data science, led by recommendation programs, fraud detection systems, forecasting tools and applications for predicting customer behavior.

Many companies that are born digital-particularly internet companies that have a great number of real-time customer interactions to handle-are all-in when it comes to data science. Pinterest, for instance, maintains more than 100 machine learning models that could be applied to different classes of problems, and it constantly fields requests from managers eager to use this resource to deal with their business problem.

The factors weighing on many traditional companies will be the high cost of mounting a serious machine-learning operation. Netflix is estimated to spend $ 150m a year on a single application and the total bill is probably four times that once all its uses of the technology are taken into account.

Another problem for many non-technology companies is talent. Of the computer science experts who use Kaggle, only about 1,000 have deep learning skills, compared to 100,000 who can apply other machine learning techniques, says Mr. Goldbloom. He adds that even some big companies of this type are often reluctant to expand their pay scales to hire the top talent in this field.

The biggest barrier to adapting to the coming era of “smart” applications, however, is likely to be cultural. Some companies, such as General Electric, have been building their own Silicon Valley presence to attract and develop the digital skills they will need.

Despite the obstacles, some may master this difficult transition. But companies that were built, from the beginning, with data science at their center, are likely to represent serious competition.

63. Which one is obstacle for many traditional companies to popularize learning operation?

A. Technological problem.

B. Expert crisis.

C. High cost.

D. Customer interactions.

64. What can not be inferred from the passage about the machine learning?

A. Machine learning operations are costly in Netflix.

B. Machine learning plays an important role in existent applications.

C. Machine learning experts are not highly paid in some non-technology companies.

D. Machine learning models are not sufficient to solve business problems in Pinterest.

65. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this article?

A. To point out the problems facing machine learning experts.

B. To call on companies to cultivate more experts in data science.

C. To tell the readers the present situation of data science.

D. To advice non-technology companies to look beyond the advantages they face.

66. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. Data science: A forefront force in tech business

B. Corporate competition: An obstacle to the transition

C. Machine learning: A key to smart technology

D. Technique experts: A decisive factor of the coming era.

There are a lot of different people in the world, but despite our differences we all want to get along. Humans are social beings, and we enjoy being treated nicely. __67__ It is about treating people with respect and care.

Be a good listener. To start a conversation, it is important to listen first, especially when you are in a group. Don’t indulge（放纵）yourself in instant chant when you have just arrived. Examine the situation and the conversation, and then say whatever you think fit. It is better to say something valuable, rather than something meaningless. __68__ Don’t try to change people. It is not your job to change anyone else. It is not in your power to change anyone else. Let other people live how they want to live. __69__ If you do not like how someone acts, you can arrange things so that you interact with them as little as possible. You can always maintain a good attitude towards them so that your relationship with them might be change.

Keep a smile. A little laughter goes a long way, and a smile eases tensions, where a frown can create tensions. If someone teases you, try to laugh at it off. If someone is frowning, smile at them. Be mindful of your facial expression. If you are persistently and optimistic, people will cheer up when they are see you coming.

__70__ Some people do not take hints. Some people do not read body language. For these people, it really works to just say, “I really want us to work well together. I will help you and back you up, and you help me and back me up.”

IV. Summary Writing

A Father’s In fluence Makes for Better Grades

Adolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the

economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.

This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.

Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.

These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.

Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.

V. Tranalation

72. 这个城市近几年来发生了翻天覆地的变化。(take place)

73. 毫无疑问，一旦被那可怕的疾病传染，随后肯定会死亡。(once)

74. 整个球队只有互相配合，才能取得成功，这是那次以足球赛上申花队赢球的原因之一。(only)

75. 对志愿者来说，重要的不是能为别人做多少，而是能从中获得宝贵的经验和帮助他们的快感。(not…but…)

VI. Guided Writing

请简要描述图片内容，并联系生活实际谈谈你的感想。

参考词汇：宝马(BMW)；奔驰(Benz)

参考答案

1-5 DDCBC 6-10 AABDB 11-13 BCB 14-16 ADC 17-20 DCBD

21. which 22. were established 23. until 24. fewer 25. taking 26. to educate

27. with 28. those 29. so that 30. what

31-40 AHGBD JEFKC

41-55 CBADA BACBA ACDDB

56-59 CADB 60-62 CDB 63-66 CDCA 67-70 DFEB

Summary:

Evidence shows that mothers can help children overcome difficulties, but a recently study finds that fathers also have positive influence. They can help children feel more optimistic and self-confident, which boosts the math score of teenage girls and the language abilities of boys. Therefore , fathers should be encouraged to convey care and recognition to their children.

Translation:

72. Great changes have taken place in the city in the past several years.

73. Without doubt, once you are infected with the terrible disease, you are sure to die slowly after.

74. Only by cooperating with each other can the whole team succeed and that is one of the reasons why Shanghai Shenhua football won the math that time.

75. What matters to volunteers is not how much they can do for others but that they can gain valuable experience and joy of helping other people.高考

赠送以下资料

考试知识点技巧大全

一、考试中途应饮葡萄糖水

大脑是记忆的场所，脑中有数亿个神经细胞在不停地进行着繁重的活动,大脑细胞活动需要大量能量。科学研究证实,虽然大脑的重量只占人体重量的2%-3%,但大脑消耗的能量却占食物所产生的总能量的20%,它的能量来源靠葡萄糖氧化过程产生。

据医学文献记载,一个健康的青少年学生30分钟用脑,血糖浓度在120毫克

/100毫升,大脑反应快,记忆力强；90分钟用脑，血糖浓度降至80毫克/100毫升，大脑功能尚正常；连续120分钟用脑，血糖浓度降至60毫克/100毫升，大脑反应迟钝，思维能力较差。

我们中考、高考每一科考试时间都在2小时或2小时以上且用脑强度大，这样可引起低血糖并造成大脑疲劳，从而影响大脑的正常发挥，对考试成绩产生重大影响。因此建议考生，在用脑60分钟时，开始补饮25%浓度的葡萄糖水100毫升左右，为一个高效果的考试加油。

二、考场记忆“短路”怎么办呢？

对于考生来说，掌握有效的应试技巧比再做题突击更为有效。

1.草稿纸也要逐题顺序写草稿要整洁，草稿纸使用要便于检查。不要在一大张纸上乱写乱画，东写一些，西写一些。打草稿也要像解题一样，一题一题顺着序号往下写。最好在草稿纸题号前注上符号，以确定检查侧重点。为了便于做完试卷后的复查，草稿纸一般可以折成4-8块的小方格，标注题号以便核查，保留清晰的分析和计算过程。

2.答题要按先易后难顺序不要考虑考试难度与结果，可以先用5分钟熟悉试卷，合理安排考试进度，先易后难，先熟后生，排除干扰。考试中很可能遇到一些没有见过或复习过的难题，不要蒙了。一般中考试卷的题型难度分布基本上是从易到难排列的，或者交替排列。

3.遇到容易试题不能浮躁遇到容易题，审题要细致。圈点关键字词，边审题边画草图，明确解题思路。有些考生一旦遇到容易的题目，便觉得心应手、兴奋异常，往往情绪激动，甚至得意忘形。要避免急于求成、粗枝大叶，防止受熟题答案与解题过程的定式思维影响，避免漏题，错题，丢掉不该丢的分。

4. 答题不要犹豫不决选择题做出选择时要慎重，要关注题干中的否定用词，对比筛选四个选项的差异和联系，特别注意保留计算型选择题的解答过程。当试题出现几种疑惑不决的答案时，考生一定要有主见，有自信心，即使不能确定答案，也不能长时间犹豫，浪费时间，最终也应把认为正确程度最高的答案写到试卷上，不要在答案处留白或开天窗。

5.试卷检查要细心有序应答要准确。一般答题时，语言表达要尽量简明扼要，填涂答题纸绝不能错位。答完试题，如果时间允许，一般都要进行试卷答题的复查。复查要谨慎，可以利用逆向思维，反向推理论证，联系生活实际，评估结果的合理性，选择特殊取值，多次归纳总结。

另外，对不同题型可采用不同的检查方法。选择题可采用例证法，举出一两例来能分别证明其他选项不对便可安心。对填空题，则一要检查审题;二要检查思路是否完整;三要检查数据代入是否正确;四要检查计算过程;五要看答案是否合题意;六要检查步骤是否齐全，符号是否规范。还要复查一些客观题的答案有无遗漏，答案错位填涂，并复核你心存疑虑的项目。若没有充分的理由，一般不要改变你依据第一感觉做出的选择。

6、万一记忆短路可慢呼吸考试中，有些考生因为怯场，导致无法集中精

神，甚至大脑忽然一片空白，发生记忆堵塞。此时不要紧张，不妨尝试如下方式：

首先是稳定心态，保持镇静，并注意调节自己的呼吸率。先慢吸气，当对自己说放松时缓慢呼气，再考虑你正在努力回忆的问题，如果你仍不能回想起来，就暂时搁下这道题，开始选做其他会的试题，过段时间再回过头来做这道题。

第二，积极联想。你不妨回忆老师在讲课时的情景或自己的复习笔记，并努力回忆与发生记忆堵塞问题有关的论据和概念，把回忆起的内容迅速记下来，然后，看能否从中挑出一些有用的材料或线索。

第三，进行一分钟自我暗示。即根据自己的实际，选择能激励自己，使自己能心情平静和增强信心的话，在心中默念3至5遍。比如：我已平静下来，我能够考好、我有信心，一定能考出理想的成绩等等。

第四，分析内容，查找相关要点。借助试卷上其它试题，也许会给考生提供某些线索。因此不要轻易放弃，查看试题中的相关要点，看看是否能给考生提供线索或启发。