主谓一致
主谓一致
一、考点聚焦
1、语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
The number of students in our school is 1,700.
Mary and Kelly look alike.
2、意义上一致
（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。
The crowd were running for their lives.
单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle等。
（2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。
The news is very exciting.
形复意单的单词有news、works（工厂）、means和学科名称physics、politics、economics等。
3、就近原则。
即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如果连词or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also, not …but…等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
Either you or I am mad.
4、就远原则。
与就进原则相反，即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于远离它的词语，如果连词是with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与离它远的主语一致。
The boy, together with his parents, is going to have a barbecue next Sunday.
5、应注意的若干问题
（1）名词作主语。
①某些集体名词如family、team、class等作主语时，若作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。
My family is a big one with 9 people.
The whole family are watching TV.
这类词常有audience、class、club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等。
Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各部分用复数。
②某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。
③单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
④名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。My uncle’s is not for from here.
常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbe r’s、the Zhang’s等。
表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：
Richardson’s have a lot of old goods to sell.
⑤当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。
Thirty years has passed.
Five minutes is enough to finish the task.
⑥不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
Each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.
⑦如果主语有more than one … 或many a … 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词用
单数形式。
More than one student has seen the play.
Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.
但是，“more + 复数名词+ than one”结构之后，谓语用复数。
⑧一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。
但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
A pair of shoes was on the desk.
○9复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。
○10.如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。
All of my students work hard.
All of the oil is gone.
○12在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
Between the two windows hangs an oil painting.
（2）由连接词连接的名词作主语。
①用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
A knife and fork is on the table.
②当主语后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。
③以or、either … or、neit her … nor、not only … but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。
（3）代词作主语。
①名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
Ours (Our Party) is a great Party.
Your shoes are white, mine (= my shoes) are black.
②such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Such is our plan. Such are his last words.
③关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
④疑问词who、what、which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
Who lives next door? It is Xiao Liu.
Who lives next door? It is Wang and Li.
⑤不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况：
（A）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。Now all has been changed. All are present.
（B）其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。
Do (es) any of you know about the accident?
None of us has(have) seen the film.
（4）分数、量词作主语。
①“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。如：
Lots of damage was caused by flood.
A number of students have gone to the countryside.
A large quantity of people are needed here.
Quantities of food (nuts) were still on the table.
②a great deal of、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large quantities/amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。
③表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
④half of、(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数。
(5)名词化的形容词作主语。
如果主语由“the + 形容词（或分词）”结构担任时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。如表抽象的也可以用单数，如the unknown、the beautiful 等。
（6）从句作主语。
①由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
What we need is more money.
What we need are more people/teachers.
②在“one of + 复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的谓语动词也应该是复数形式。如one前有the only则用单数形式。
This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told by my father.
She was the only one of the girls who was late for class today.
（7）不定式、名动词（短语）作主语用单数形式；There be句型中be的单复数取决于be后的第一个词的数。
There is a book, two pens on the desk.
There are two pens, a book on the desk
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1.—Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _________to go to university.
—So do I .(上海1998)
A.Hope
B. hopes
C. hoping
D. hoped
解析：答案为B。本题考查主谓一致中的意义一致原则，不定代词either、neither、each、one、the other、another以及所有的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义一致的原则采用单数形式，排除A。选项C是非谓语动词的一种，不能单独作谓语，亦应排除。根据答语中的时态又可排除选项D。
2. The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.（NMET 1996）
A. were; was
B. was; was
C. was; were
D. were; were
解析：答案为C。本题考查the number of和a number of 的区别。“the number of + 复数名词/代词”结
构中的中心词是number, “a number of + 复数名词/代词”结构中的中心词是of后的复数名词或代词，故谓语动词分别用单、复数。解题关键在于仔细区分哪个是真正的主语。
3.—David has made great progress recently. —_______, and __________.(上海1997)
A. So he has; so you have
B. So he has; so have you
C. So has he; so have you
D. So has he; so you have
解析：答案为B。本题考查倒装知识。“So + 主语+ 助动词”表“确实如此”，“So + 助动词+ 主语”表“也一样。”
4.—I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! —.
A. Nor am I
B. Neither would I
C. Same with me
D. So do I
解析：答案为B。本题主要考倒装，以so/nor/neither开头的倒装句子，在时态、语态、助动词、情态动词等谓语形式上，要尽可能与上文一致，故选B，排除A、D。如说“It’s the same with me”也可，但不能省略“the”。
5.The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
解析：答案为A。本题考查主谓一致及时态知识，句子的主语是the teacher, 后面跟with结构表补充说明，谓语应该与最前面的主语，即the teacher一致，应用单数，又因事情发生在地震的时候，因此应该用过去进行时。
6.More than one student ___ been sent to Japan since 2000. More than one hundred students ___ been sent to Japan since 2000.
A. have; have
B. has; has
C. have; has
D. has; have
解析：D. more than + 复数名词作主语，谓语用复数；more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。many +复数名词作主语，谓语用复数; many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
7.Two hours __enough for us.
A. are
B. have
C. were
D. is
解析：D. 当时间，距离和金钱用作主语时，通常被看成是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
8.He is one of the boys who ___ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who ___ here on time.
A. has come; have come
B. have come; has come
C. has come; has come
D. have come; have come
解析：B. 定语从句中谓语动词与先行词保持一致。one of + n who + 复数谓语；the (only) one +n who + 单数谓语。
9.The professor and writer ___coming to make a report. The professor and the writer ___come to make a report.
A. is…have
B. are…has
C. is…are
D. are…is
解析：A. 两个或两个以上的并列主语由and 连接时，如果表示不同概念谓语动词用复数；如果表示同一概念谓语动词用单数。
10.The police ___ searching for the thief everywhere. The policeman ___ searching for the thief everywhere.
A. was; was
B. has been; has been
C. are ; is
D. have; is
解析：C. people, police, cattle等作主语时谓语动词用复数。
同步练习：
1. Whom _______ this pair of glasses belong to and whose ________ the glasses on the table?
A. does; is
B. do; are
C. does; are
D. do; is
2. There _______ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
3. The United States of America ________ one of the most developed countries in the world.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
4. “All ______ present and all ________ going on well,” our monitor said.
A. is; is
B. are; are
C. are; is
D. is; are
5. I have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which _________ very difficult.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
6. The trouble with such resources as coal, oil and gas ______ that they are not renewable.
A. has been
B. are
C. have been
D. is
7. More than one example _______ necessary to make the students understand this rule clearly.
A. should be
B. is
C. are
D. have been
8. Although many of the houses in the small town ______ still in need of repair, there _______ lots of improvement in their appearance.
A. are; has been
B. is; have been
C. is; are
D. are; was
9. Going to bed early and getting up early _________ a good habit.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
10. The police ______ asked that anyone who saw the accident should get in touch with _______.
A. have; them
B. has; him
C. have; him
D. has; them
11. My friend and classmate Paul ________ horse-riding in his spare time.
A. practice
B. practices
C. is practiced.
D. is practicing
12. People like beautiful things, but the beautiful________ not always the useful.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
13. ―Are you very anxious?
―Yes. Ten minutes ________ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.
A. seem
B. seems
C. do
D. does
14. On the wall ________ two large pictures of his parents.
A. hangs
B. hanged
C. hanging
D. hang
15. That’s one of the subjects that ___________ to start a conversation.
A. intends
B. intend
C. are intended
D. is intended
16. I, who _________ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study.
A. be
B. am
C. are
D. is
17. Not only my brother but also I _______ good at painting. Both of us _________ good painters.
A. are; are
B. am; are
C. is; is
D. are; is
18. Setting fire to the public buildings ________ highly dangerous and forbidden by law.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. were
19. _________ visitors to the UK were asked by newspaper reporters what their impressions of the British people were.
A. The number of
B. A number of
C. Numbers of
D. Any numbers of
20. The first two questions were easy, but the rest of them _______ not.
A. was
B. were
C. being
D. to be
21. “The public _______ the best judge.” means “the public always ______ their thoughts correctly.”
A. are; express
B. are; expresses
C. is; expresses
D. is; express
22. This kind of cakes ______ good while cakes of that kind ________ different.
A. taste; are
B. tastes; are
C. smells; is
D. look; are
23. Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment _________.
A. are not known
B. is not known
C. has not known
D. have not known
24. The manager or his secretary ______ to give you an interview.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
25. That they have cheated the boys ________ now clear to us all.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
26. The old ________ taken good cave of in our country.
A. is
B. has
C. are
D. have
27. It seems to me that what Lucy saw and heard ________ very interesting.
A. was
B. were
C. be
D. are
28. Every means _______ tried, but in vain.
A. have been
B. has been
C. are
D. is
29. Many a boy and many a student ________ looking forward to visiting the United States of America at present.
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
30. E-mail, as well as telephones, _______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing
B. have played
C. are playing
D. play
31. Though small, the ant is as much a creature as _______ all other animals on earth.
A. are
B. is
C. do
D. have
32. Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that _______ not fully understood.
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
33. Everybody in our country, men and women, old and young, ________ sports and games.
A. are fond of
B. enjoys
C. go in for
D. take part in
34. There are _______ flowers shown in the park and ________ people go to have a look.
A. varieties of; various
B. a plenty of; many
C. various; many a
D. quite a few; quite a little
35. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories _________ to be built here.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
36. The engineer and worker referred to ____________ to design something.
A. be going
B. are going
C. be likely
D. is going
37. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _______ of desert _________ covered the land.
A. number; has
B. quantity; has
C. number; have
D. quantity; have
38. —The education system rather than the teachers _____ to answer for the overburden on the students.
—I agree. I hope the reform being carried out in our country will hang about the _______ results.
A. me; desired
B. is; desired
C. are; desiring
D. is; desiring
39. His Selected Poems ________ first published in 1986.
A. were
B. was
C. has been
D. is
40. Writing stories and articles ________ what she enjoys most.
A. is
B. have been
C. was
D. were
41. Each of the students in our class ______ great interest in English and they each ______ a copy of A New
English-Chinese Dictionary.
A. shows; have
B. have; has
C. is; have
D. takes; has
42. The factory, including its machines and buildings, ________ burnt last night.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
43. The White family _______ very large. All the family _______ animal lovers.
A. is; are
B. is; is
C. are; is
D. are; are
44. Large quantities of fruit ________ all over the world from China today.
A. is shipped
B. are shipped
C. has Shipped
D. have shipped
45. In our country each boy and each girl _______ the right to receive a good education.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
46.There___ a desk, a table and three chairs in the room.
A. has
B. have
C. is
D. are
47. Either you or he ___ interested in playing chess ten years ago.___ you or he fond of music at present?
A. are; Are
B. was; Are
C. are; Is
D. is; Is
48.My family ___not large, but my family ___ all music lovers.
A. is …are
B. are…is
C. is…is
D. are…are
49.The number of teachers in our college ___ greatly increased this term. A number of teachers in our college ___ from the countryside.
A. is; is
B. is; are
C. are; are
D. are; is
50.She as well as the other students ___ how to type.
A. have learned
B. has learned
C. learn
D. are learning
主谓一致
主谓一致 姓 名：****** 班 级：英教七 班 学 号：********** “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。 主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系，这又叫“主—动一致”。 1. 指导原则 三种不同的原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则 1）语法一致 主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便使用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。 Both boys have their own merits（优点）. Few students are really lazy. Many people want to go. Two girls were standing on the corner. Each boy has his own book. Either answer is correct. Much effort is wasted. 2）意义一致和就近原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义： 比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数； 反之，主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。 这种一致关系叫做意义一致。 The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register（现金出纳机）. 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。Either my brothers or my father is coming. Only one out of five were present. No one except his own supporters agree with him. Neither Julia nor I am going. 2. 以-s 结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
第二讲 基本句型的转换与扩大 主谓一致(一)
基本句型的转换与扩大 （1）基本句型都是陈述句、肯定句和主动句，这些句型可以转换为疑问句、否定句和被动句。 the tourists have arrived. Have the tourists arrived? The tourists have not arrived. She gave him some money. Did she give him any money? She didn’t give him any money? He was given some money. Some money was given to him （2）句型扩大的语法手段之一是分句的并列。Eg: He was a handicapped child, but he persevered in his studies, and later he become a well-known scholar. He didn’t like us, and everyone knew it, but no one admitted it. （3）句型扩大的另一种语法手段是增加修饰成分和使用从属分句。也就是说利用从属分句来使思想表达复杂化。 The African people have long been our class friends in fighting against hegemonism霸权主义and power politics. The janitor staggered down the stairway, stunned by the bizarre noises and gasping for air. （4）增加的修饰成分还可以再被其他结构（如从属分句）所修饰。 The janitor staggered down the stairway, stunned by the bizarre noises he had just heard upstairs and gasping for air as he hesitantly held on to the banister栏杆.. 注意；有时，分句的并列和从属还可以同时并用。并列与从属两种手段同时并用的结果，往往会产生更加复杂的句子。Eg; When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously, but, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. 又例如： Furthermore , he is not only critical of the work of others, of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments 科学仪表and that a number of factors tend to disturb impartial 不偏不倚的，公正的and objective investigation. 主谓一致（一） “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调一致关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和“数”的方面的一致关系。这又叫做“主动一致”（subject-verb concord）. 一、指导原则 主语和谓语动词一致的关系常为三种不同的原则所支配 1、语法一致主谓之间的一致关系主要表现在数的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词 和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。
最新主谓一致培优题
最新主谓一致培优题 一、主谓一致 1．. In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown. A．have been B．were C．had been D．are 【答案】A 【解析】 略 2．Now the number of students who bedrooms of their own getting larger and larger. A．has;are B．have;is C．has;is D．Have;are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在拥有自己卧室的学生越来越多。have动词，有；has动词三单，有。is 是，动词单三形式；are是，主语为第一、二人称，以及第三人称复数。定语从句Now the number of students who____ bedrooms of their own中，students为先行词，复数含义，所以定语从句谓语动词使用复数形式have。第二个空为be动词，其主语为the number（单数含义），所以be动词使用is。故选：B。 点睛：the number of表示“……的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数; a number of表示“许多”，相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 3．Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A．ride B．rode C．rides D．will ride 【答案】C 【解析】 考查点：一般现在时的用法。解题思路：every day意为“每天”，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，故该句子要使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故答案选C；选项B、D时态错误； 4．Both Mike and I ____ ready for the new high school life. A．be B．am C．is D．are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：Mike和我都为新的高中生活做好了准备。am，is和are都是be动词的形式，am用于主语是第一人称I的时候；is用于主语是单数的时候；are用于主语是复数或者是第二人称you的时候。这句话的主语是Both Mike and I，指两个人，故be动词用复数，选D。 5．There ________ a book sale in our school library once a year. A．is B．was C．are D．were
主谓一致
主谓一致揭秘 英语中的谓语在人称、数及意义等方面要与主语的名词或代词以及相当于名词的词保持一致，叫做主谓一致。英语中的主谓一致须遵循一系列规则，包括语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。语法一致指的是语法形式一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：The boys are playing football .He reads English every morning .意义一致是指主语有时形式为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词依意义而定也采用复数形式。反之，主语形式上是复数，但意义是单数，谓语动词依意义而定也采用单数形式。如：People are talking about the news . Politics is taught in all middle schools. 就近原则是指谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。Not only you but also he is wrong . 主谓一致情况复杂，但用途广泛，几乎时时刻刻都离不开。学生在学习时往往感到渺茫，感到“头痛”。因此，我们将主谓一致整合梳理，按担当主语的词，词组和句子分类学习，这样会让学生感到“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”。 一、名词作主语 1、部分集体名词，如police，cattle，people等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：The police are searching the house . 2、部分集体名词，如family，team，class，army，enemy，audience，company，government，group，commitee等作主语时，若作为一整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。 例：（1）My family is a happy one. (2 ) The whole family are having lunch. 3、一些形式上是复数而意义上是单数的名词，如glasses,scissors,trousers等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例：My glasses are very beautiful.但是前用a pair of来修饰时，动词应用单数形式。 例：This pair of scissors is made in Shanghai. 4、一些以—ics结尾的表学科的名称词，如politics,economics,physics,mathmatics等形式上是复数，意义上则是单数，动词用单数。例：Physics is difficult to me. 5、若名词词组中心词是表示度量、时间、价格、距离等复数名词时，根据意义一致原则，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例：Ten years has passed since then. 6、一本书、一个组织、一国家的名称或一句格言作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例：(1) The United Nations is an international organization. (2) "The pride goes before a fall" is his motto. (3) "The Aribian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 7、单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据意义一致原则决定单复数。如sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,Japanese等。 例：(1) The deer is drinking water. (2) These deer are playing. 8、如果主语前有many a，more than one修饰，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。 例：(1) Many a student has read the book. (2) More than one person is involved in the case.
张琮逻辑英语第二讲 助动词的形式与作用
助动词的形式与作用 概述：英语常用的助动词(auxiliary verb)有shall，will，should，would，be，have，do等。助动词一般无词义，不能单独作谓语动词。助动词在句中的作用，在于帮助（谓语动词）构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构等。如： China has entered a great new era. 中国已进入了一个伟大的新时期。(帮助构成完成时态) Some boys are playing on the grass. 一些男孩正在草地上玩。 (帮助构成进行时态) Mother is written by Gorky. 《母亲》是高尔基写的。 (帮助构成被动语态) We Shall have the football match if it does not rain.如果不下雨，我们就赛足球。(帮助构成将来时态和否定结构) Do you see my point? 你明白我的意思吗?(帮助构成疑问结构) [注]在否定结构中，not须放在助动词后面。 看完这段之后，希望各位记住一个概念，助动词的作用是：帮助谓语动词实现各种功能，这是核心中核心。 为了便于理解与记忆，个人认为可以把助动词分成两类： 1、专职助动词： shall(should), will(would),can(could),may(might),must, ought to等；（因这些动词只能作助动词使用，没有其它用途。）看见这些动词之后，就可以直接期待其后会出现“谓语动词”了。这也可用于我们判断句子结构，简单不出错。 2、兼职助动词：be, have, do, dare, need等。（这些动词既可以用作助动词，也可用作谓语动词，助动词并不是他们唯一的作用。） 先讲第一类，专职助动词（情态动词）的用法。 情态动词的用法很多都是相同的，不必一项项学，我们先把这些相同的作用归纳到一起。 1、shall、will可用于表达一般将来时；这个就不多作说明了； 2、都可忽略主语的人称和数，不必采取相应的变化。 3、一般情况下，后面都需加动词原形。 （2、3）例：I/He/She/They can swim. 4、表示推测，表可能：may, can, must。
高考英语新主谓一致知识点真题汇编含答案(3)
高考英语新主谓一致知识点真题汇编含答案(3) 一、选择题 1．Many a man______ come to help us. A．have B．has C．is D．are 2．We believe ________ you have been devoted to ________ naturally of great necessity. A．that; being B．all that; be C．that all; are D．what; is 3．Neither Mary nor her parents ________ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot. A．has informed B．have informed C．has been informed D．have been informed 4．We admire Susan for her persistence, the only one of the young girls who __________ in the rock band for 3 years so far. A．played B．play C．have played D．has played 5．About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people. A．third-fifths; are B．three-fifths; are C．three-fifths; is D．third-fifths; is 6．One-fifth of the area ________ covered with trees. About seventy percent of the trees ________ been planted recently. A．is; has B．are; have C．is; have D．are; has 7．We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow. A．is handing out B．are to hand out C．are handing out D．is to hand out 8．As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that ________ to us. A．present B．are presenting C．are presented D．have presented 9．Even more widespread _______ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs. A．is B．does C．are D．do 10．—With this New Year_______ new challenges. 一Sure. Global economy remains uncertain, and many countries continue to struggle. A．comes B．will come C．is coming D．come 11．Along with enthusiasm for composing music ______ his devotion to cultivating young people passionate about music. A．come B．comes C．coming D．to come 12．At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees. A．lays B．is laying C．lies D．is lying 13．Regular exercise along with proper diets____our health in the long term. A．benefits B．has benefited C．benefit D．have benefited 14．— Why is the chemical plant closed? — Because large quantities of waste water ______ into the Yangtze River.
主谓一致是指句中的主语和谓语的致
主谓一致是指句中的主语和谓语的致。我们一般遵从三个原则： 1、语法一致的原则： 语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况； 1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如： Several passengers, together with the driver, were hurt. 2）表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Fifty years is not a long time. 3）非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： Early to bed and early to rise is healthful. 4）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如： Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write. 2、意义一致的原则： 意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。例如： The population of the earth is increasing very fast. 类似这样的集体名词有： family, class, audience, committee （委员会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会）, village等。 3、就近原则： 所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词。 1）以either…or, or, neither…nor和not only…but also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。例如： Either you or he has to go there with me. 2）由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近原则。例如： Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 主谓一致的测试热点 1．由many a 或more than + 单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。 Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall. More than one student has visited the exhibition. 2．“……的几分之几”和“……的百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于of 后的名词。 Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 40 percent of the students in our class are girls. 3．“a number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数； “the number of + 名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。 A number of pupils like reading picture-books. The number of the students in our class is 55.
主谓一致
主谓一致：谓语动词和主语在人称和数保持一致。 Q1:在一个句子中，什么是主语？什么是谓语？ 例子：1.The boy is cute. 2.My father likes reading. 3.His brothers are reading books. 4.The children often play football. 请在上面的句子中画出主语和谓语。 【知识点一】谓语动词用单数情况：be(is/isn’t/was/wasn’t)；实义动词在一般现在时中用三单。 （一）主语为第三人称单数： Tom ______ (be) a good student. Sally_______ (run) fastest of all. （二）主语是由some, any, no, every 与one, body, thing 组成不定代词。 Everyone___________ (like) taking exercise. （三）主语是不可数名词： Some water __________ (be) in the bottle. （四）主语为one of+名词复数，“.....之一” One of the runners_________(be)from Class One. （五）主语为the number of+名词复数，“....的数目”或者much The number of students in our school ________(be)1,000. There ________(be) much milk. （六）主语为maths/physics(物理)等以-s结尾的名词，不表示复数意义，谓语用单数。 Maths_________(be) an important subject. （七）主语表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算，谓语用单数。 1. Two months ________(be) a long holiday. 2. Twenty dollars____________ (be) is too expensive for the book. 3. Twenty pounds ________（is / are）not so heavy. 4. Ten miles ________（is / are）not a long distance. 5. Five minus four ________（is / are）one. （八）each, either, neither作主语，谓语用单数。 1. Each of them _________ (have) an English book. 2.Either of them _________ (have) an English book. 3.Neither of them _________ (have) an English book. （九）more than one + 单数名词作主语，谓语用单数，“不止一个” More than one student ________（has / have）ever been to Beijing.
最新考英语主谓一致及答案经典
最新考英语主谓一致及答案经典 一、主谓一致 1．There are millions of websites on the Internet and there_______ a lot of useful _______on the websites. A．are; informations B．are; information C．is; informations D．is; information 【答案】D 【解析】 考查主谓一致。Information是不可数名词，作主语是，谓语动词用单数，所以应选D。 2．Not only his friends but also he ________ always interested in science fiction. A．show B．shows C．are D．is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：不仅他的朋友，而且他总是对科幻小说感兴趣。考查主谓一致。not only…but also连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词的数由离其最近的主语来决定，即就近原则，所以此处要根据he来确定谓语动词的形式；因为后面是interested in，所以用be interested in“对…感兴趣”，所以谓语动词用is；故答案选D。 3．Not only you but also I __________ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig. A．am B．is C．are 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查句子的主谓一致。 句意：不仅是你，我也对卡通片《粉红猪小妹》感兴趣。 A. am用于主语是I的一般现在时； B. is用于主语是单数第三人称的一般现在时； C. are用于主语是复数的一般现在时。短语“not only…but also”引导的主语和后面动词主谓一致遵循临近一致原则，比较近的主语I是第一人称，be动词用am, 故选A。 4．-Lucy, there _________too many things on the desk. What a mess! -Sorry, Mum. I'll put them away.
主谓一致
主谓一致 在英语中，要特别注意句子中的谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致。我们称之为“主谓一致”。例如：I am a student and my mother is a teacher. 我是个学生，我妈妈是名教师。 I go to school and my mother goes to work every day. 每天，我去上学，我妈妈去工作。 Ⅰ、并列结构作主语时与谓语的一致关系 一、由and连接主语时可分为下列四种情况： 1) 主语A，B表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数形式。 例如：Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. 李明和张华是好学生。 Both the parents and the children are here. 父母和孩子们都在这里 Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important. 听、说、读、写都很重要。 注意：both A and B作主语。谓语动词用复数。 2）主语A．B表示同一个人、物或概念时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：Ａjournalist and author lives in the sixth flat. 一个新闻记者兼作家的人住在第六层。 注意：同一个人只能用一个冠词，如果是不同的两个人就要用两个冠词。 例如：A boy and a girl are playing tennis. 一个男孩和一个女孩正在打网球。 3）主语A，B之前有each ．every，many a，no等修饰语时谓语动词用单数。 Each boy and each girl is invited. 每一个男孩和每一个女孩都受到了邀请。 Every boy and girl is invited. 所有的男孩和女孩都被邀请。 No boy and no girl is there now. 现在那儿没有任何男孩和女孩。
主谓一致
个性化课程辅导教案 学员姓名科目年级课时进度：授课时间课时3课时授课老师 教学课题第六讲主谓一致 教学 目标 重点 难点 教学内容第一部分：以思维导图复习近期知识重难点 第二部分：本次课主要内容 Part One广东中考主谓一致考纲解读 考点分析 考试说明 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致主要遵循四大原则：语法一致原则；意义一致原则；就近原则；就远原则。近年来考试题型主要有单项选择‘语法填空等。其中就近原则考查最多。 考点分析考点热度语法一致☆☆☆ 意义一致☆☆☆ 就近原则☆☆☆☆☆
Part Two三年中考解密 1.---Which would you like,tea or coffee? ---Either______ok,but I prefer coffee_______milk. A.is;has B.are;with C.is;with D.are;has 2.There______many small things we can do to make the world a better place. A.are B.is C.have D.has 3.---Do you need more time to complete the task? ---Yes.Another ten days______enough. A.is B.are C.was D.were 4.The child without parents______good care of by his teachers in this special school. A.is taken B.are taken C.take D.takes 5.Not only my friends but also I_________interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. A.be B.am C.is D.are 6.Either Ted or Bob_______good enough to be a member of the school team. A.is B.are C.become D.were 7.--Both Li Lei and Han Meimei______fond of the TV program A Bite of China. --I am also deeply moved by its stories. A.is B.am C.was D.were 8.Thanks to the organization,some money______given to the poor children. A.was B.were C.are D.has 9.Look,the set of keys______on the teachers' desk. A.are B.were C is D.was 10.This pair of shoes_________me well,but the shoes______expensive. A.fit;are B.fits;are C.fits;is D.fit;is 11.Climbing hills______good for our health. A.are B.is C.was D.were 12.The population of China_____over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than_____in the world. A.is;any country B.is;any other country C.are;the other countries D.are;any other countries 13.---What are you going to do this weekend? ---I together with my classmates_____going to climb Mount Qian.
主谓一致(1)
主谓一致 杂。这是因为在不同情况下，处理这一问题所依据的原则各不相同。就其在现代语法中的基本原则而言，通常有三个不同角度的着眼点：1、语法一致2、意义一致3、就近原则。 主谓一致的原则是指，主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语亦采取复数形式。例如： A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是单数形式，谓语也采取单数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language. （主语是复数形式，谓语也采取复数形式） 语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则。 主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致的问题远不只上述的那么简单，有许多方面的情况需要去具体地对待： 1. 不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了。 2. 不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动。 Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.许多学生晚饭后常在校园里散步。 Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities .每个男孩和女孩对课外活动都表现出很大的兴趣。 3. 表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of mysterious bits of folklore . 《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。 The United States is leading the world in science and technology . 美国常在世界科技方面领先。 The United Nations play an important role in the international affairs . 联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。 4. a portion, a series of, a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。例如： A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition. 一
最新英语主谓一致(附答案)
主谓一致(一) 一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则： 1). 语法一致原则(grammatical concord) 2). 意义一致原则(notional concord) 3). 就近原则(principle of proximity) 1. 语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2. 意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20美元太贵了。 3. 就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。 Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 二、以-s 结尾名词的主谓一致 1. 以“s＂结尾的表示学科、游戏和疾病等名词，常用单数。 学科：economics（经济学）；linguistics（语言学）；mechanics（力学、机械学）；statistics （统计学）；electronics（电子学）；logistics（后勤学）；physics （物理学）；genetics（遗传学）；mathematics（数学）；politics（政治、政治学） 游戏：billiards（台球，弹子戏）；cards（牌戏）；bowls（保龄球）；darts (投标游戏) 疾病：diabetes（糖尿病）；mumps（腮腺炎）；measles（麻疹）；rabies（恐水症；狂犬病）Mathematics seems easy to me.我似乎觉得数学不难。 Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. Darts is essentially a free and easy game. 注意：①如果表示“学科”以为的含义时，便可用复数。My mathematics is /are rather shaky(摇晃的). 比较：Politics is the art or science of government. What are your politics? 你的政治观点如何？②当Darts，Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时，谓语动词通常用作复数。例如：Three darts are thrown at each turn. 2．国名、报刊、商店、机构等名称（表单一政治实体），多用单数。 The New York Times is published daily. The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s’.the United Nations …+ 单数注意：这些专有名词，不表示以上含义，而表示群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名词，用复数。 The Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉)have a magnificent variety of plant and animal. The Niagara Falls (尼亚加拉大瀑布) are perhaps the most famous waterfall in the world. 3. 人名: “the +姓氏的复数形式”表示一家人，用复数。 The Blacks are on holidays. 补充：the +形容词/过去分词，表一类人或物时，用复数； The poor are getting poorer; the rich richer. The old are self-conceited because of their rich experience while the young are proud for their youthfulness. 注意：但如果表示具体的某人或物，或者表示抽象概念时，用单数。