2017中考英语知识点:不定式(二)

2017中考英语知识点:不定式(二)
2017中考英语知识点:不定式(二)

2017中考英语知识点:不定式(二)plicatedproblem.

2.Thestrangerofferedtoshowmetheway.

3.Mr.SmithundertooktobuildanewplantinSouthAfrica.

动词+疑问代(副)词+不定式:

这类动词常见的有advise,decide,findout,forget,inquire,know,learn,see,regard,remember,teac h,tell,understand,wonder等。常见的疑问代(副)词有:what,when,where,which,how,whether等。

1.Hedoesnotknowwhentostart.

2.Youcandecidewhethertocontinueortostop.

3.Iwillshowyouhowtodealwithit.

有时,不定式可由it代替,而把不定式放到后面去。这可以用这一结构表达:动词(如find,think,consider,feel等)+it+形容词+不定式。

1.Sheconsidersitnecessarytomakefriendswithhim.

2.Wefinditdifficulttofinishallthehomeworkbefore9o’clock.

3)不定式做表语

一种情况为主语是不定式(表示条件);表语也是不定式(表示结果):

1.Toseeistobelieve.

2.Toworkmeanstoearnaliving.

另一种情况为主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,job,plan,problem,purpose,

thing,wish等名词为中心的短语,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式表语对主语起补充说明作用:;例如:

1.Hisaimistostudyabroadinthenearfuture.

2.Themostimportantthingistonegotiatewiththemabouttheprice.

3.WhatIwanttosayistoforgetalltheunhappyexperience.

4)不定式作定语

不定式结构作名词词组修饰语主要有三种类型:

第一种,被修饰的名词词组是不定式的逻辑宾语。例如:

1.Therewasreallynothingtofear.

2.Hegavemeaninterestingbooktoread.

如果不定式是不及物动词,后面就得加相应的介词。例如:

1.Maryneedsafriendtoplaywith.

2.Thatgirlhasnothingtoworryabout.

3.Theyhaveastrictteachertolistento.

4.Althoughthefilmhadbeenonfortenminutes,Istillwasnotabletofindachairto siton.

第二种,被修饰的名词词组是不定式的逻辑主语;例如:

1.Haveyougotakeytounlockthedoor?

2.Theactiontobetakeniscorrect.

3.Thereisnothingtobegainedbypretending.

第三种,被修饰的名词词组是不定式的同位结构。这类名词通常是表

示企图、努力、倾向、目的、愿望、is算、能力、意向等意义的名词:ability,attempt,effort,impulse,inclination,wish等。例如:

1.Herdaughterwillmakeanevenbiggerefforttopleaseher.

2.Ihavenowishtoquarrelwithyou.

3.NeitherofthemhadanyinclinationtodobusinesswithMary.

5)不定式作状语

不定式结构在句中作状语通常都能转换为限制性状语从句。例如作原因状语:

1.Theyarequitesurprisedtoseethegreatchangestakingplaceinthearea.

2.Theyarequitesurprisedbecausetheyseethegreatchangestakingplaceinthea rea.

3.Hewasluckytoarrivebeforedark.

4.Hewasluckybecausehearrivedbeforedark.

作目的状语:

1.Sheraisedhervoicetobehearedbetter.

2.Sheraisedhervoicesothatshecouldheardbetter.

3.WewentviaHeidelbergtomissthetrafficjam.

4.WewentviaHeidelbergsothatwecouldmissthetrafficjam.

作结果状语:

1.TheFrenchfootballteamplayedsosuccessfullyastodefeattheBrazilians.

2.TheFrenchfootballteamplayedsosuccessfullythattheyevendefeatedtheBra

zilians.

3.Hegottothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadgone.

4.Hegottothestationandwastoldthatthetrainhadgone.

不带to的不定式的使用

动词不定式通常带to,但在有些搭配中不带to,在另一些搭配中可带to可不带to。归纳起来,以下情况下使用不带to不定式:

1)在can/could,/may/might,will/would,shall/should,must,need,dare等情态动词之后,动词不定式不带to。

2)在表示感觉意义的动词,如see,feel,watch,notice,smell,hear,observe等后,或是表示“致使”意义的动词,如have,let,make等后,动词不定式不带to。例如:

1.Ioftenheardhimsaythathewouldstudyhard.

2.Imusthavehimseehisownmistakes.

但是,当这类结构转换为被动语态时,后面的不带to不定式一般转换为带to不定式。

例如:

1.Hewasoftenheardtosaythathewouldstudyhard.

2.Afterhehadfinishedspeaking,hewasmadetoanswerinnumerablequestions.

3)在动词help之后可用不带to的不定式,也可用带to的不定式。例如:1.Helptheoldlady(to)carrytheheavybox.

4)在hadbetter,wouldrather,may/mightaswell,ratherthan,cannotbut 等搭配之后,动词不定式也不带to。例如:

1.Unlessyoufeeltoilltogoout,Iwouldrathernotstayathometonight.

2.Shecouldnotbutcriticizehisfoolishbehaviour.

5)在makedo,makebelieve,letdrop,1etfall,1etfly,letslip,letdrive,letgooff,hearsay,heartell,leavegoof等固定搭配中,用不带to的动词不定式。例如:

1.Theyletgooftherope.他们松开了绳子。

2.Johnletflyatorrentofabuseatme.约翰朝我痛骂了一顿。

3.I'veheardtellofhim.我听说过他。

4.Someofthefacultywereletgoforlackofthestudents.由于生源不足,一些教职员工被解雇了。

6)在介词but,except之后,如果其前有动词do的某种形式,其后不定式一般不带to,反之则必须带to,表示“不得不,只能”。例如:

1.Hewilldoanythingexceptworkonthefarm.

2.Therewasnothingleftfortheenemytodobutsurrender.

3.Thespywasbothhungryandcold;therewasnothingleftforhimbuttogivein.

4.Ihadnochoicebuttowaittillitstoppedraining.

下面一些短语是固定搭配,不带to:

cannothelpbut,cannotchoosebut,cannotbut,donothingbut,havenothingtodobut。例如:

Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.

如果上述句中有do,to省略:IdidnothingbutwatchTVlastnight.

如果是下面一个固定搭配,就带to:Ihavenochoicebuttogiveupmyidea.

7)紧跟在why或whynot之后的动词不定式总是不带to。但是,紧跟在who,what,which,whether等连接词后的不定式带to。例如:Whystandupifyoucansitdown? Whynotaskyourteacherwhenyoudon'tunderstandthemeaning? Youneedn'tdecideyetwhethertostudyartsorscience.

4.不定式的完成式和进行式

1)构成

完成式:to+havedone

进行式:to+bedoing

2)用法

完成式:如果不定式所表示的动作(状态)发生在主要谓语动作之前,那么不定式就要用其完成式。

进行式:如果主要谓语动作(情况)发生时,不定式所表示的动作正在发生,那么不定式就要用其进行式。例如:

1.Shefeelsrelaxedtohavefinishedwritingherthesisbeforethedeadline.

2.TheVikingsarebelievedtohavediscoveredAmerica.

3.Whenyoucalledmelastnight,Ihappenedtobeworkingonthecomputer.5.不定式的被动形式

当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动形式,包括它的一般式和完成式。例如:

1.Fortwelveyears,SpanishcensorshipdidnotallowLorca'snametobemention edandhisworktobepublished.

2.Thesnowwassupposedtohavebeenblownoffthemountain.

6.不定式的否定形式

否定形式是在不定式的标志to前加not。例如:

1.Idecidednottoaskhimagain.

2.Pleaseremembernottoleavethelightsonwhenyouareout.

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2017高考英语冲刺训练 短文改错专练 Ⅰ.真题回顾 (2014全国卷Ⅰ) Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden, since then---for all these year---we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please . As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors .Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problem. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at on cost! (2015全国卷Ⅰ) When I was a child, I hoped to live in the ciyt. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city ,but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we’ll live to regret it . Ⅱ.模拟训练 (2016皖南八校) When Molly's father was about to work, his daughter Molly, aged 8,hand him a bag.The father was in hurry so he didn't know what was inside. While having lun ch, he took outthe contents: a plastic dinosaur, a tiny sea shell and three small stone. The busy fathersmiled, finished eating, and sweeping the desk clean into the dustbin include Molly's junk.This evening, Molly wanted her bag back because she had not made a note into it: I love you,Daddy. The father went to his office hurried, carrying the junk home. He asked Molly to tellher about the junk. It was turned out that everything in the bag had a story. To Molly theywere not junk and treasures! A Last weekend our school hold a sports meeting. Realizing it wasour last school sports meeting, we decided to make it a unforgettable experience. We first attended the opening ceremony, for whom our class had made a lot of preparations. Much for our excitement, our performance was a success. My classmates took part in various event, such as running, high jump and long jump. Due to the hard training the athletes have done before, their performance was very impressively. My classmates applauded and cheered for the athletes, some raising their cameras to capture the excited moments. The result was announced. Our class won the second place and our efforts were paid off! Cup in hand, we took a picture together proudly. This sports meeting will be a precious memory for all of them as time goes by. B Many of us are familiar to the World Cup, a football competition which is popular among people in almost all nation. Do you know there is another football competition that was well known worldwide? It’s calling the Super Bowl and is held every January in the USA. It is very different from the football we know. However, the more you know about them, the well you will like it. Each year the Super Bowl is played in different American city. This is of great important because it helps make sure that the game is fair. Now the Super Bowl is broadcast on TV all over the world. But if you want to see the Super Bowl lively, you had better to have a lot of money, since the ticket for the game is pretty expensive. C Yesterday my English teacher asked each student write a composition title “The Greatest Achievement of My Life”. I was not sure how to write about it. I’ve thought it over for a long time. I do many things. Coming to America, get a job and meeting new people was my achievements. I think my greatest achievement is learning English. Though sometime I don’t understand everything people ar e saying, but each day I get better and better. I told my teacher this was difficult composition to write. Above all, it is hard to measure everything you have done. D Tom is one of my best friends at high school. We spent a lot of time together every day. We share a lot common. For example, we both work hardly and love sports. Although I am not so smart as her, we both do very well at school. Tom’s favorite subjects is history and Chinese, and he also speaks excellent English. I am used to be bad at English. Thank to his

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总分:95分 二、单项填空(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)。在每小题的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案,将其字母编号填写在答卷相应题目的答题位置上。 ()26.—Do you often play ______ basketball with your friends —No, I don’t like sports.I often play ______ piano in my free time. A.a; the B.the; / C./; the D.the; a ()27.—Could you tell me how to remember new words quickly —Yes, I think a ______ tree can help you a lot. A.grammar B.question C. punctuation D.vocabulary ()28.They moved ______ Paris ______ last July. A.at, in B.in, / C.from, at D.to, / ()29.—Are these books ______ —No, they are not mine.They belong to ______. A.your; her B.yours; her C.you; hers D.yours; she ()30.—How was your vacation in America —It couldn’t be ______! I don’t even want to talk about it. A.least B.better C.more important D.worse ()31.—Hey, Jack.You ____on the phone just now.But You weren’t here and the man left a phone number. —Oh I was in the library. A.wanted B.are wanted C.were wanted D.have wanted ()32.You must study hard and do more exercise.And ______, you can make great progress. A.in this way B.by the way C.on the way D.instead ()33.—$ 50 for such a T-shirt! You ______ be joking! —I’m serious! It’s made of silk.

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九年级英语新目标七年级英语(上)期末复习手册 Unit1-12重点知识梳理 Unit 1 ?句子: 1、初次见面用语课P 2、 2C 2、问xx号码 What’s your name? My name is …/ I’m… What’s your phone number? Nice to meet you ! : What’s his/her phone number? It’s 3272310、 ?词汇:1、family name, first name, last name ?语法:1、形容词性物主代词得用法 2、人称代词主格得用法3、基数词:1至10得读法与写法 Unit 2 ?句子 1、Is this / that your pencil? Yes, it is、No, it isn’t、 2、 What’s this in English? It’s a pen/ ruler/ book…、How do you spell pen/ ruler/book? P-E-N、 ?核心知识1、认识26个字母,辅音字母,元音字母2、认识一般疑问句得句式 ?写作:课P11、3a Found and Lost Unit 3 ?句子:1、介绍别人或某物This is …That is …These are …Those are … ?词汇:课P13 1a ?写作:1、学习英语信得格式2、课P17 以信得形式介绍相片中人物 Unit 4 ?句子询问地方Where is / are …?It’s …/ They are … ?核心知识1、词汇课P24 1 2、 take 与bring 得区别 3、 there be 得用法4、 on the wall 5、介词:on , in , under , behind , next to , between…and… 6、认识特殊疑问句得句式 ?熟读:P23、3a , P24、 3 , Grammar Focus Unit 5 ?句子 1、 Do you have …? Yes, I do、 No, I don’t、 2、 Does he / she have …? Yes, he / she does、 No, he / she doesn’t、 3、 Let’s … 4、 That sounds good / interesting、 That’s a good idea、 5、 Wele to … ?核心知识一、there be 与have 得区别

(通用版)2017届高三英语二轮复习第1部分专题5短文改错训练2短文改错(Ⅱ)

训练2 短文改错(Ⅱ) A (2014·全国卷Ⅰ) Nearly five years before ,and with the help by our father ,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since then —for all these year —we had been allowing tomatoes to self -seed where they please.As result ,the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size ,but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year ,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 【答案】 Nearly five years before ago ,and with the help by of our father ,my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.Since then —for all these year years —we had have been allowing tomatoes to self -seed where they please.As ∧a result ,the plants are growing somewhere everywhere .The fruits are small in size ,but juicy and taste tasty .There are so much many that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year ,but 或yet we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully wonderful tomatoes at no cost! B (2016·南昌一模) A woman was taken to the hospital.While having an operation, she had a nearly death experience.Seeing God, she asked how this was it.God said ,“No, you had another 40 years.” On recovery the women decided to have a plastic surgery.She had someone change her hair color, thinking since she had so many time to live, she'd better make full use from it.Finally she got out of the hospital.While crossing the street, she killed by an ambulance speeded by.Arriving in the front of God, she demanded ,“They said I had another 40 years !” God replied, “But I

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