高三英语语法专题复习 译林版
高三英语语法专题复习
一. 本周教学内容：
语法专题复习
二. 教学目标：
冠词复习
三. 教学重难点：
冠词的复习与运用
冠词的用法：
冠词：定冠词(the) 不定冠词(a, an)
一、定冠词的基本用法
1. 定冠词的特指用法
1)定冠词的特指用法通常都是确定的特指，比如：重提上文提到过的人或物时，要用定冠词：
I saw a girl and an old man in the house. The old man must be the girl’s grandfather.
He ordered some books last month. The books have now arrived.
2)在名词词组中，如果名词之后带有限制性定语或其前带有最高级形容词，要用定冠词：
Is this the train for Shanghai?
The flowers in her garden smell fragrant.
Here is the letter to be posted.
This is the most interesting book I have ever read.
3)当讲到说话人和听话人都知道的人或物时，要用定冠词：
I’m just back from the market.
Has the postman been here?
4)当名词前带有first, next, last, same, only 等表示独特含义的词语时，要用定冠词：
When is the next flight to Beijing?
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
This is the only copy I have ever collected.
2. 定冠词的类指用法
1）用“定冠词+单数名词” 可指整个类别, 区别于另一个类别:
The tiger and the cat belong to the same family of mammals.
The book is used for the teacher, not for the student.
2)“用定冠词+表示国籍的形容词”可指整个民族或国人。
The English have had long trade relations with the Chinese.
3)“用定冠词+普通形容词”可指一类人。
the blind; the dying; the learned
4）“定冠词+某些复数名词”可指一定的阶级，阶层或外国人。
He says he keeps away from the lawyers and the doctors.
3. 定冠词的其他用法
1)在表示某些独一无二的事物时，要用定冠词：
the sun, the moon, the earth, the northern pole, the equator
2)在表示海洋，江河，湖泊，群岛，山脉，沙漠，海峡等的专有名词前，要用定冠词。the West Lake, the Atlantic, the Changjiang river
3)在乐器名称前，要用定冠词
Tom played the piano and I played the violin.
4)在表示某一家人的专有名词前，要用定冠词。
The Browns have arrived.
5) 用在表示单位的名词前
He gets paid by time .
* He gets paid by the day/by the hour.
二、不定冠词的基本用法
不定冠词a, an 用于泛指和类指。
1. 不定冠词的泛指用法
They live in a house.
2. 不定冠词的类指用法
不定冠词与单数名词搭配可类指，即指同类的人或物中的任何一个。
A car must be insured.
A child needs love.
*要注意区别“不定冠词+单数名词”的类指用法与泛指用法，这要依上下文来判定。
He bought an English dictionary. （）
He needs an English dictionary. （）
A child came to my room. ( )
A child must be educated in some way. ( )
3. 不定冠词的指量用法
不定冠词在下列结构中有“一个”的含义，属于指量用法：
I will be back in a day or two.
A car runs 80 kilometers an hour.
三、零冠词的用法
1. “零冠词+复数名词或不可数名词”可用于泛指。
Pencils, pens, and pieces of paper were spread all over the table.
This morning I only had milk for breakfast.
2. 零冠词的类指用法：
“零冠词+复数名词”，侧重指类别中的许多个体。
Tractors have taken the place of horses.
“零冠词+抽象名词或物质名词”也可类指。
Practice makes perfect.
*零冠词也可与表示家庭成员的单数名词搭配作确定特指。
Mary asked “Why is Father out of work?”
Teacher was pleased with our work.
3. 零冠词的其他用法：
*在表示餐食，交通工具，通讯工具的名词之前，通常用零冠词。
After lunch I usually take a nap.
I usually travel by train, not by air.
He sent the message not by post, but by radio.
*在表示四季，年月，周日，时间的名词之前，通常用零冠词。
Spring has come around again.
In February, it is already very warm in Hainan.
On Sunday I usually take my children to the park.
*表示头衔、职位的名词前。
Who is captain of your team?
John was elected chairman of the committee.
* turn作系动词时，后面的名词前不用冠词。
He was a medical student before he turned writer.
【典型例题】
[例1] (全国卷II)19. ——Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
——Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. /; the
D. the; /
答案：B，
[例2] (北京卷)22.I looked under _____bed and found ______book I lost last week.
A. the; a
B. the: the
C. 不填；the
D. the；不填
答案：B，
[例3] (天津卷）3. I wanted to catch ________early train, but couldn’t get ________ ride to the station.
A. an, the
B. /, the
C. an, /
D. the, a
答案：D，
[例4] (重庆卷)24. Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _______ church.
A. /; the
B. the; /
C. a; /
D. /; a
答案：C，
[例5] (福建卷)22.——How about Christmas evening party?
——I should say it was success.
A. a; a
B. the; a C .a; 不填 D. the; 不填
答案：B，
[例6] (四川卷)22. How about taking ______ short break? I want to make _______ call．
A. the；a
B. a；the
C. the；the
D. a；a
答案：D，
[例7] (陕西卷)17.In film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays man named Chuck Noland.
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. a; a
答案：B，
[例8] (浙江卷)4. I like _____ color of your skirt. It is _____ good match for your blouse.
A. a; the
B. a; a
C. the; a
D. the; the
答案：C
[例9] (湖南卷)23. Polar bears live mostly on ________ sea ice, which they use as _______ platform for hunting seals.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. 不填; a
D. the; 不填
答案：C
[例10] (江西卷)26.Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.
A. a;/
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. /; a
答案：A
[例11] (江苏卷)21. We have every reason to believe that ______ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be ______ success.
A. / … a
B. the … /
C. the … a
D. a … a
答案：C
[例12] (辽宁卷)21. Christmas is _____ special holiday when _______ whole family are supposed to get together.
A. the, the
B. a, a
C. the, a
D. a, the
答案：D
[例13] (山东卷)21. ______walk is expected to last all day, so bring ______ packed lunch.
A. A; a
B. The; 不填
C. The ; a
D. A; 不填
答案：C
【模拟试题】
一、单选题
1. John spent too much time talking on ____ phone while we were all busy at ____ work.
A. the; /
B. a; /
C. /; /
D. the; the
2. You can have ____ second try if you fail ____ first time.
A. the; /
B. /; a
C. the; a
D. a; the
3. I didn’t tell him____ news at once because I wanted to give him ____ surprise.
A. a; a
B. the; the
C. the; a
D. /; the
4. ——Who is your English teacher?
——Mr. White, ____ European working in ____ Nanjing University.
A. an; the
B. a; the
C. an; /
D. a; /
5. When we study a globe, we can see ____ is the largest ocean and ____ the largest continent.
A. the Pacific; Asia
B. Pacific; the Asia
C. the Pacific; the Asia
D. Pacific; Asia
6. The soldier was wounded in ____, but he caught the enemy officer by____.
A. the knee; the arm
B. his knee; his arm
C. his knee; the arm
D. the knee; his arm
7. According to the recent reports, one of the rare animals, ____ crocodile, is in ____ danger of dying out.
A. the; the
B. the; /
C. /; /
D. /; the
8. I don’t know who invented ____ telescope, but I think it is ____ most useful invention.
A. the; the
B. the; a
C. a; the
D. a; a
9. Things of ____ kind come together; people of a mind fall into ____ same group.
A. a; a
B. a; the
C. the; the
D. the; a
10. We must pay special attention to the idioms of ____ English language.
A. the
B. some
C. an
D. /
11. My brother and I wanted to see the new play, but we weren’t able to get the tickets for ____
two of us.
A. /
B. the
C. among
D. between
12. ——Tina looks especially pretty tonight.
——Yes, she always looks her best in ____ of that color.
A. dress
B. a dress
C. that dress
D. the dress
13. We elected Tom ____ monitor of our class for ____ second time.
A. /; a
B. the; a
C. the; the
D. a; a
14. Child, don’t worry too much about ___ mistakes. They’re ___ natural part of learning something.
A. the; the
B. /; the
C. the; /
D. /; a
15. ——Where’s Kate?
——I suppose she’s still in ____ bed, but she might just be in ____ dining-room.
A. /; the
B. /; /
C. the; /
D. the; the
16. Judging from ____ number of cars, only ____ small number of people have come to the conference.
A. a; the
B. a; a
C. the; the
D. the; a
17. ——What was Mary once?
——She was ____ professor of medicine before she turned ____ writer.
A. a; the
B. a; /
C. the; /
D. the; the
18. ——I hear the workers in his factory are paid by ____ week.
——Correct, and most of them get about 400 yuan ____ week.
A. the; a
B. a; the
C. /; a
D. the; /
19. Could you do me ____ favor to turn on the light?
A. a
B. the
C. /
D. some
20. She arrived here by ____ way of Hong Kong. In ____ way her health is much improved, but she still doesn’t feel well.
A. /; a
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. the; the
21. I remember the writer lives in ____ west, so we should head ____ west.
A. the; the
B. the; /
C. /; the
D. /; /
22. You have missed ____ “n” in your spelling of ____ word “government”.
A. an; a
B. an; the
C. a; the
D. the; /
23. Alice is fond of playing ____ piano while Herry is interested in listening to _____ music.
A. /, the
B. /, /
C. the, /
D. the, the
24. Beyond _____ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but _______ space.
A. the, /
B. /, the
C. /, /
D. the, the
25. Alexander Graham Bell invented _____ telephone in 1876.
A. /
B. a
C. the
D. one
26 . He saw through the little boy’s tricks ______.
A. at glance
B. at the glance
C. at some glance
D. at a glance
27. Many people are still in _______ habit of writing silly things in ______ public places.
A. the, the
B. /, /
C. the, /
D. /, the
28. She is ____ newcomer to ____ chemistry, but she has already made some important discoveries.
A. the, the
B. the, /
C. a, /
D. a, the
29.——I’d li ke ____ information about the management of your hotel, please.
——Well, you could have ____ word with the manager. He might be helpful.
A. some, a
B. an, some
C. some, some
D. an, a
30. Many people agree that_____ knowledge of English is a must in_____ international trade today.
A. a; 不填
B. the; an
C. the; the
D. 不填; the
二、单词拼写
根据所给句子意思以及汉语或首字母提示，写出下列各句中所缺单词的正确形式。
31. She had acquired much _________ (智慧)during her long life.
32. We all like him though he is a person with many s_____________.
33. If you can overcome your p___________, you’ll succeed here.
34. An eclipse of the moon (月蚀) is a rare p____________.
35. He was ________ (征召入伍) into the army last year.
36. The organization d___________ food and blankets to the earthquake victims.
37. When I was ill I completely lost my __________ (食欲、胃口).
38. The company has ___________ (谈判、洽谈、协商) a new contract with the management.
39. I have read your proposal and given some serious t__________ to it.
40. The report ________ (矛盾) what we heard yesterday.
三、阅读理解
Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for advice. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or many friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking among themselves on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something difficult to say to their family members.
However, parents often try to choose friends for their children. Some parents may even stop their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is an interesting one. Have you ever thought of the following questions?
Who chooses your friends?
Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?
Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like?
41. Many teenagers think their _________ know them better than their parents do.
A. friends
B. teachers
C. brothers and sisters
D. classmates
42. When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to _________.
A. go to their friends
B. talk with their parents
C. have a discussion with their family
D. talk with their friends on the phone
43. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?
A. Teenagers can only go to their friends for help.
B. Parents should like everything their children enjoy.
C. In all families, children can choose everything they like.
D. Parents should try their best to understand their children better.
44. The main idea of this passage is that _________.
A. Teenagers need good friends
B. Friends can give good advice
C. Parents often choose friends for their children
D. Good friends can communicate with each other
[参考答案]
https://www.360docs.net/doc/c712019055.html,
一、单选题
1-10 ADCDA ABBBA 11-20 BBADA DBAAA 21-30 BBCAC DCCAA
二、单词拼写
31. wisdom
32. shortcomings
33. prejudice
34. phenomenon
35. drafted
36. distributed
37. appetite
38. negotiated
39. thought
40. contradicted
三、阅读理解
41-44 ADDA
(完整版)高三英语语法填空专项训练(含答案解析)
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案
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