牛津上海版八年级上形容词专项讲解及练习(有答案)
形容词
形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补，有时还可作状语。
如：He is honest and hardworking. I found the book interesting.
(1)有些形容词只能作表语。如：alone，alive，afraid，asleep，ill，interested，excited, surprised
等。
如：That old man feels alone because his children are out. I'm afraid he can't come．
而以ly结尾的形容词有friendly，lively，lovely，likely等。
(2) 形容词与不定代词something，anything，nothing，everything等连用时，要放在这些词
后面。
如：Is there anything interesting in today's newspaper?
(3) 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物，其作用相当于一个名词，如：the young（年轻人），the poor（穷人），the rich（富人）。当其作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。
如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.
(4) 如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，其前后排列顺序一般如下：
限定词(a/the，this／some／her…)+数量词（先序数词后基数词）+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。如：a dirty old black shirt 一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣
2．形容词比较级和最高级的构成
形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化而成的。
(1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er和-est构成。
(2) 以-e结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r和-st构成。
(3) 少数以-y，-er，-ow，-ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er和-est 构成。
如：clever - cleverer-cleverest
(4) 以-y结尾，但-y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y去掉，加上-ier和-est 构成。如：happy - happier（比较级）-happiest（最高级）
(5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该
辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。如：big - bigger - biggest
(6) 某些双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more和most加在形容词前面构成。
如：difficult - more difficult - most difficult
形容词前若加上less和least则表示“较不”和“最不”。
如：important重要less important较不重要least important最不重要
．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
大多数的形容词和副词都有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。
1) 比较级的范围：
一般为两者或两个部分进行比较。常见的使用情况有如下三种：
(1) as+形容词或副词原形+as…为“像…一样”。
(2) not as (so)+形容词或副词原形+as和……不一样。not as/so…as=less than不及，不如
(3) …than………比……（用比较级）在than的句式中有一点需要同学们特别注意：I’m taller
than any other student in my class．这句话中用than连接的是I和any other student in my class两个部分，其实表示的是最高级的概念，译为“我比我们班其他同学都要高”，其中any other…是固定搭配，译为“任何其他的”，同时在比较级中为了避免重复，在than 后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。而a little，much，a lot，even，still可用来专门修饰比较级，但不能在比较级前加so，too，very，quite等。
2) 最高级的范围：最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在众多人或事物中，其中一个“最……”。最高级在结构上和比较级有两个明显的区别标志：
(1)一般用the限定最高级的范围，也可以说，现阶段the就是最高级的主要标志。但是，当
形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰时，最高级前不加the，副词最高级前的the通常也是省略的。
(2) 最高级后面往往用of，in，among或用从句修饰表示形容词的最高级的比较范围，
如：This is the best film that I have ever seen.在表示“第二、第三……”时，可在最高级前加“second, third…”
6．还有如下的固定结构也要多加注意
(1) 比较级十and+比较级意为“越来越…”如：hotter and hotter，more and more important
(2) The+比较级，the+比较级“越……就越……”如：The bigger, the better.越大越好。
(3) 表示“是……几倍”时用“twice；three times等+as…as”，如：He has four times as many books as I have.
(4)“the 比较级of+两者”“两者中较……的一个”，如：Lucy is the younger of the twins．
(5) 表示两者相差多少用“具体数量+比较级”，如：My brother is two years older than me．7. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化
考题精讲
【例1】We are glad to see our hometown is developing _____________ these years than ever before.
A. much more quickly
B. quickly
C. very quickly
D. most quickly
【解析】本题考查副词比较级的用法，是一句带有than的比较级的句子，将these years和
even before相比较，而通常副词的比较级用more构成，同时a little，much，a lot，even, still等可用来专门修饰比较级。因此正确答案为A。
【例2】Why does he look so____________？Did he sleep well last night?
A. interested
B. frightened
C. tired
D. surprised
【解析】look意为“看上去”，是连系动词。连系动词后接形容词作表语，表示人的情绪特征或状态。从整句的意思来看，是想表达昨晚没睡好所表现出的疲倦，因此C 为正确答案。
【例3】Everything we've seen and heard in Beijing is _____________in the history of the Olympic Games.
A. the most exciting
B. more exciting
C. more exciting than
D. most exciting
【解析】这主要是掌握对最高级的用法。本题目中everything和in Beijing都可以提示句子想表达的是最高级。因此正确答案是A。
【例4】“Would you like me to show you the way?”the volunteer said______________to the tourist．
A. lovely
B. likely
C. kindly
D. friendly
【解析】在英语中并不是以ly结尾的就都是副词，如本题中的friendly，lovely，likely就是以ly结尾的形容词。而从本题结构可以清晰看出这里所要的是对said这个动词
的修饰。因此答案只能选kindly这个副词了。
考点精练
I. Choose the best answer
1.Thanks to Elaine. With her help, we finished the work an hour______________.
A. early
B. earlier
C. earliest
D. the
earliest
2.— Jack, how are you feeling today?
—Much_____________ . I think I can go to school tomorrow.
A. good
B. better
C. well
D. best
3.A survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were______________ among the five Olympic mascots.
A. popular
B. more popular
C. most popular
D. the most popular
4.We feel that we can sing as_______________ as the pop stars when we are singing Karaoke.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. good
5.— Talking is easier than doing.
—Yes. We'd better ______________ and_____________ . Doing should go first.
A. to talk less; do more
B. talk less; do more
C. talking less; do more
D. talk more; do less
6.When the music started, everyone in the hall began to keep_____________.
A. noisy
B. quiet
C. quietly
D. slowly
7.The Yellow River is______________ than any other river in northern China.
A. long
B. longer
C. the longest
D. longest
8.Mary lost her key. She can't find it _______________ now.
A. somewhere
B. anywhere
C. everywhere
D. any way
9.Tell me ______________ you're getting on with your friends at school.
A. what
B. why
C. where
D. how
10.Chusovitian felt like an 18-year-old girl when she won the silver medal on the vault (跳马银
牌). She felt____________at that time.
A. interesting
B. excited
C. exciting
D. beautiful
11.Every student likes Miss Green because she always talks to them______________ .
A. politely
B. lovely
C. friendly
D. luckily
12.We could _______________ believe that Bill had worked so______________ in the countryside.
A. hardly; hardly
B. hard; hard
C. hard; hardly
D. hardly;
hard
13.George wasn't used to telling lies. His face turned ________________ .
A. red
B. clean
C. sadly
D. happily
14.Shanghai's new landmark — the World Financial Building is the first _________________building in Asia.
A. the tallest
B. tallest
C. taller
D. tall
15.In winter the _______________ the snow is, the happier the children are.
A. heavy
B. heavier
C. heavily
D. the
heaviest
1-5 BBDAB 6-10 BBBDB 11-15 ADABB
关于连系动词：
连系动词用来连接主语和表语，连系动词后面常为形容词。
常见的连系动词有：be、become、look、feel、sound、smell、taste、seem、turn、grow、get、go、fall、sit、stand、lie 等。
有些连系动词来源于实义动词，意思也跟着变化：look（看→看起来）、feel（感觉、摸→感到）、smell（闻、嗅→闻起来）、taste（尝→尝起来）、turn（翻转、转动→变得）、grow （生长→变得）、get（得到、到达→变得）、go（去→变得），所不同的是，作为实义动词时，后面不能跟形容词。
[注释]
become、get、go、be、grow、turn的用法区别：become表示“变成”，比较正式，通常不用将来时表示动作已经完成。get也表示动作已经完成，但是更加口语化，通常表示温度、时间、岁数等变化。go表示“变得”，常见于某些短语中，后面常有形容词bad、blind、hungry等。be表示“是、成为、当”，多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式中。grow表示“变得”，常指逐渐的变化，表示身高、岁数的增长。turn表示“变得”，指变为与原先不同的情况，通常指颜色等变化。如：I was caught in the rain and I became ill./ He has got rich./ He will be a scientist in the future./ My little brother has grown much taller in the past year./ The
sandwich has gone bad./ Her face turned red after her mother criticized（批评）her.
牛津上海版八年级上英语Unit2综合练习含答案
八年级上英语U2综合练习 I. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) 1. My father usually reads morning papers before going to work. A. the B. a C. an D. / 2. When the three astronauts came back from space, many reporters interviewed and got some first-hand information. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves 3. I knocked on the door several times but answered, so I left. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody 4. W ould you please turn the fan ? I feel a little cold A. on B. off C. down D. up 5. Don’t drop rubbish the ground, you should drop it the litter bin. A. down…into B. on…to C. on…into D. to…in 6. Climbing mountains was , so we all felt . A. tiring; tired B. tired; tiring C. tiring; tiring D. tired; tired 7. The boy is to go to school. He is seven years old. A. enough old B. young enough C. old enough D. enough young 8. There are people in the People’s Square. A. thousands of B. two thousand C. thousands D. two thousands 9. I enjoy the popular dance “hi p-hop”. Bu t my father my mother likes it. A. b oth…and B. not only …but also C. eit her…or D. n either…nor 10. Susan’s parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It be very expensive. A. must B. can C. mustn’t D. can’t II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子） 1. He lay on the bed and fell asleep. ( comfortable ) 2. I prefer the fresh beans to the ones. ( freeze ) 3. If you have to wait for an hour for a bus, you? ll become . ( patient ) 4. is the most serious problem in the city. ( pollute ) 5. Next, add some to the water. ( chemistry ) III. Rewrite the following sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子。每空格限 填一词）
牛津英语上海版八年级下课本知识重点
U n i t 1 1 average 平均的；平均数 The average age of the students is 15. 2 item 一件物品；节目；项目 She had the most expensive item on the menu. 3 product产品[C] a product many products 区别goods, goods生来复数 4 fighter 斗士；战士--注意复数 fight-fought-fought fight against pollution对抗污染 fight for freedom为自由而战 5 fact 事实 in fact事实上；实际eg; She looks young, but in fact she is 54 years old. 6 scientist科学家—注意单复 scien ce科学scien tific科学的 7 be interested in对…感兴趣 be keen on/really like have interest in/show interest in have no interest in… in是介词;介词后面跟doing 8 suppose认为；假设；假定；推断 Eg; I suppose prices will go down. Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps.(沼泽) 9 breathe呼吸 Eg; The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe. Most people don’t realize that they are breathing polluted air. breathe in吸入 His illness is the result of breathing in harmful gases over many years. breathe out呼出 Human beings breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. brea th n. out of breath 上气不接下气 take a deep breath深呼吸 10 gas---gases 气体；气态；煤气 11 release---let…out释放 Four prisoners were released 12 produce=make 制造 13 alive活着的；健在的 be alive Lu Xun isn’t alive while Han Han is alive. 区别living; living things生物
上海牛津英语八年级下册
Units 1&2 一．重点、难点归纳 1.过去进行时 （1）构成：was/were+现在分词 He was reading a book at 4:00pm yesterday. （2）时间状语：just then, yesterday afternoon, at nine last night, at this/that time yesterday等。 What were you doing this time yesterday? （3）与频度副词always等连用时，表示过去经常反复的动作，常常有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。 He was always helping others. 2.when 和while when 引导的从句中的谓语动词常是比较短暂的动作，用一般时。 while 引导的从句中的谓语动词常是比较长的动作，用进行时。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. It was raining when they left the station. 3.形容词 （1）形容词放在系动词后，或名词前。 （2）常见的系动词： A.be动词（am, is, are, was, were) B.感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel .... C.表示主语从一种状态转变到另一种状态的系动词：grow, get, turn, become, fall, go ... D.表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征或状态的系动词：continue, keep, remain, stay等。 （3）形容词要放在修饰词someone, somebody, something, nothing等不定代词后。 something important. （4）有些形容词只能作表语（放在系动词后），不能作定语。这些形容词大多以元音字母开头。如：afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake, ill .... He is alone, but quite happy. 二、重点句式 1.It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 此句型中，形容词常表示事物的特征特点及客观形势，如：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。 It's very hard for him to study two languages. 2.“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”做某事怎么样 These books are difficult to read. 3.It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 此句型中，形容词表示人物的性格或品德，如：good, nice,clever, silly, right, selfish等。 It is very nice of you to help me. 4.All we have to do is to think of a name of her. 如果主语是从句时，谓语要用单数。 What I said is true.
牛津上海版英语八上各单元知识梳理
牛津上海版英语八上各单元知识梳理 Unit 1 Penfriends ⅠWords: 1. penfriend 笔友pen pal 2. magazine 杂志 a literary magazine 文学杂志women’s magazine 妇女杂志→n. magazinist 期刊编辑 3. hobby 业余爱好 4. chess 国际象棋chessman 棋子(pl. chessmen) chessboard 棋盘 5. own 拥有own up 承认错误owner 所有者物主业主 6. good/well—better---best 7. architect 建筑师architecture 建筑学 8. nearby adv. 在附近不远adj. 附近的邻近的 9. keen adj. 热心的渴望的敏锐的灵敏的Keenly adv.敏锐地keenness n. 敏锐 10. ambition 雄心抱负be full of ambition 野心勃勃ambitious adj. 有雄心的11. enclose 附上 ⅡPhrases 1. at the end 在………的末端 2. be keen on 热心于做热衷于……… 3. play chess 下象棋 4. twelve years old 5. a boy called Tom 一个名叫Tom 的男孩a boy named Tom a boy with the name Tom 6. best wishes 最好的祝愿 7. by +交通工具= take +a/an +交通工具 8. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人别做某事 9. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事like doing sth. mind /practice/finish/ 10. speak /tell /say/talk say 说述说speak 说话发言电话来时用speaking talk 说谈话of/about tell 告诉讲述 ⅢSentence 1. make it +adj. for sb. to do sth. it 形式宾语 2. sth. +be+ to do 动词不定式做表语 3. I hope you will write to me soon . 我希望你尽快给我回信hope 有可能实现的愿望wish 不大可能实现的愿望hope to do 希望做某事wish sb. to do 希望某人做…….. ⅣGrammar Ⅰquestion words (疑问词) what、who(whom) / whose/which/when/where/how/why how many/much/long/far/soon/fast/often/ how many times Ⅱ冠词 1.不定冠词a/an的用法“不见“原因”（发元音）别施“恩”（an）特殊案例：前需要加a 的：university a usual book Europe 欧洲European 欧洲人one-day trip 需要加an 的：unhappy + n. uncle unusual + n. 2. 定冠词the的用法特指双方熟悉，上文已经提起。世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。某些专有名词，还有复数姓氏。序数词最高级，习惯用语牢记。 特殊案例：a bright moon 4. 零冠词的用法“以下情况冠词免，学科球类三顿饭,名词复数表泛指，季节星期月份前”特殊案例：a good breakfast Unit 2 ⅠWords 1. whizz-kid 神童优等生n. 顶部顶端盖顶盖2. several adj.＆pron. 几个少许 3. successful adj. 成功的adj. unsuccessful 不成功的succeed v.成功success n. 成功be successful in 在……..上成功4．Business n. 买卖生意商业businessman 商人生意人（男pl. businessmen）businesswoman (女)商人(pl. businesswomen )
八年级英语上册上海牛津版 U1 课文
Unit 1 Penfriends text 1. know the name of 2. rugby 3. top-right corner 4. signature 5. above -- below 6. the whole day = all day 7. postcode 8. a group of letters and numbers 9. be part of 10. A postcode makes it easier for the post office to deliver letters. 11. tell you something about myself 12. You can call me Jon. 13. about one and a half meters tall 14. Playing chess is my hobby. 15. own a Chinese restaurant 16. be at university 17. during the holidays 18. be keen on = be fond of
19. My ambition is to be a/an ... 20. an ambitious man 21. It is beautiful, isn't it ? 22. a photo of myself a photo of mine 23. the meaning of 24. live a meaningful life 25. for example 26. play squash 27. even if 28. other/others/the other/the others/another 29. a kind of sport 30. idle = lazy 31. train sb to do sth 32. trainer 33. junior high school 34. senior high school 35. do well in = be good at 36. tick the boxes of the things he writes about 37. He often feels unhappy, _______ _______ ? 38. Find facts in the letter that tell you they are probably true.
牛津上海版英语八年级下册教案全集
8B Unit 1 Trees 1. pollute (v.) p ollution (n.) *Pollution has become one of the most serious problems of today’s society. *The factories aren’t allowed to let out dirty water for it may pollute the river. *Trees are thought as pollution fighters. 2. f ight(v. n.)争斗，斗争` fight (against) sb / sth fighter (n.) 斗士 3. scientist (n.)科学家science ( n.)科学 4. collect (v.)收集collection (n.) 收藏品 *He used to collect stamps when he was a young boy. *The dustmen collect the rubbish once a day. *My father usually collects me after school 5. She is interviewing Doctor Ray. interview (v. n) interviewer (n.) interviewee (n.) trainer---trainee. / emplover----employee 6. interest *He is telling a story to the children which interests them a lot. *Tom takes great interest in stamps collection. interested (a.) *be interested in +n./doing sth 7 .live (v.) 生活直播的(a.) a live football match alive (adj.) living (adj.) lively (adj.) life (n..) *When the boy was found at last .he was still alive. *We must leart a living language not adead one.
牛津上海版八年级上英语期末综合练习
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上海牛津版八年级上册首字母填空专项训练10篇(含答案)第4辑
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当 的词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给) It is true that a 1 a day's work, in the evening everybody likes to watch TV. So I should say that TV becomes very popular b 2 in the cities and in the country. H 3 , many TV programmes do not run on time. Sometimes the programme may be delayed half an hour or m 4 . Just take last Sunday for example, the English on Sunday programme was twenty minutes I 5 . At the present time people l 6 to talk about reform and efficiency. I hope in the near future I can turn on TV according to the programme listed in China Daily and find my favourite programme on s 7 . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案： 1.after 2. both 3. However 4. more 5. late 6. like 7. screen 首字母填空（32） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当 的词,使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词,首字母已给) Light travels very fast. It moves at 300,000 kilometres a second. Light reaches us from the moon in less than a second and a half. The moon is about 382, 000 kilometres a 1 . Light from the sun reaches us in 8.5 minutes. The sun is about 149, 640,000 kilometres from the earth. The other stars are f 2 away than the sun. Light from the nearest star reaches us in about for years. When you look at a star, you do not see its present condition. You see it as it is used to be. Light from some stars t 3 hundreds of years to reach us. We never see a star as it is n 4 . We see it as it was long ago: perhaps hundreds of or thousands of years ago. Astronomers(天文学家) watch the stars t 5 big telescopes. The w 6 biggest telescope is Russia. Then next biggest is in the United States. With these great telescopes a 7 can see stars and other things very far away. Some of these things are not only stars. They are great groups of stars. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案： 1.away 2. farther 3. travels 4. now 5. through 6. world’s 7. astronomers
牛津上海版八年级下英语期末综合练习(1)
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八年级(下)英8BU2练习卷一 姓名 一Choose the best answer ( )1.The oceans about two thirds of the Earth. A. covers B. covered C. cover D. cover with ( )2. Taking a bath uses water than showers. A. much B. even much C. even more D. many more ( )3. Why not ? Don’t lose heart. A. trying again B. have another try C. to do it again D. give it up ( )4. She is new here, but she’s already got friends. A. any B. much C. a few D. few ( )5. After I worked hard for several months, I passed the exam and I felt . A. relaxing B. relaxed C. puzzling D. puzzled ( )6. I in working in Switzerland. Do you have any ideas about that. A. am interesting B. am interested C. was interesting D. was interested ( )7. There too much snow last month. A. was B. were C. is D. are ( )8. If you need a protractor, I can lend to you. A. the other B. another C. it D. one ( )9. Beijing has many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours. A. so B. very C. too D. much ( )10. We are going to have a picnic. We’ve got much bread, fruit and water, but we’ve got sweets and chocolates. A. few B. a lot C. an amount of D. many ( )11. When the meat was cooked on one side. Mary and cooked the other side. A. turned it back B. turned back it C. turned over it D. turned it over ( )12. Water electricity partly. A. likes B. is like C. like D. is liking ( )13. My aunt played the light music to prevent the baby crying. A. with B. from C. by D. on ( )14. I like swimming very much, but now I don’t swim as as I used to. A. often B. oftener C. many D. more ( )15. The sewage is a drop of water came from in the first lace. A. what B. where C. which D. whose ( )16. Though you are weak in English, I advise you . A. give up it B. not to give it up C. to give up it D. give it up ( )17. –Do you know ? I’m going to visit him. --Sorry, I don’t know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where has Mr. Li lived C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived ( )18. –Why is your bedroom so dirty? -- Sorry, Mum, I it. A. forget to clean B. forgot to clean C. forget cleaning D. forgot cleaning ( )19. –Let’s fight pollution and keep our city clean. -- . A. Yes. Let’s do our best B. Yes, it is C. Sure, I agree D. That sounds interesting ( )20. The workers in the factory made washing machines last year. A. much B. huge amounts of C. a great number of D. a lot ( )21. The symbol for water is H2O. A. science B. scientists C. scientific D. scientist 二、Rewrite the sentences as required. 22. The waterfall speeds down the mountain to the lake. (改成过去时) The waterfall down the mountain to the lake in the . 23. The boy has no sisters or brothers.( 保持原句意思) The boy has sisters brothers. 24. The lovely child tried to keep the ice from melting. (保持原句意思) The lovely child tried to the ice melting. 25. Actually he didn’t know it at all. ( 保持原句意思) , he didn’t know it at all. 26. all the are in office the moment at the teachers of (连词成句) 三、Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms 27. It is sometimes dangerous to talk to (strange) as you are always not prepared. 28. A bath uses about (two) as much water as a shower. 四、Fill in the blanks with the expression in the box in their but he never listens. 30. late at night is harmful to one’s health. 31. The tiger the forest.
牛津上海版八年级上英语Unit1-3基础知识点练习
牛津上海版八年级上英语U n i t1-3基础知识 点练习 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
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上海版牛津英语八年级下册单词.doc
牛津英语上海版八年级下册单词与短语 Unit 1： prodigy n. （年轻的）天才；奇才 pianist n. 钢琴家 stunning adj. 绝妙的；令人难忘的sentence n. 句子 award n. 奖项；奖品 success n. 成功 strict adj. 严厉的；要求严格的performance n. 表演；演出 forever adv. 永远 orchestra n. 管弦乐队 encourage v. 鼓励；鼓舞 support v. 支持；帮助 talent n. 天资；天赋 interest n. 兴趣；业余爱好 inventor n. 发明家；创造者 curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 finding n. 调查发现；研究结果 actually adv. 居然；竟然 lightning conductor n. 避雷针 nowadays adv. 现在；目前 bifocals n. 双目眼镜 develop v. 研制；发展 development n. 开发（成果）；研制（成果）set v. 放；置 pavement v. （马路边的）人行道 caller n. 打电话者 overcome v. 克服；战胜 admire v. 钦佩；崇拜 accident n. （交通）事故；意外 medal n. 奖牌 disabled adj. 丧失能力的；有残疾的 violin n. 小提琴 anyone pron. （用于疑问句或否定句中）任何人 hero n. 英雄；豪杰 national adj.3 国家的；民族的 pride n. 自豪；骄傲 volunteer n. 志愿者 manage v. 能解决（问题）；应付（困难）hard-working adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的talented adj. 有才能的；天才的intelligent adj. 聪明的；有才智的determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的grocery n. 食品杂货店 clothing n. 衣服；服装 province n. 省 wise adj. 充满智慧的；明智的 belief n. 信仰；信念 equal adj.平等的；同等的 president n. 总统；国家主席 grandchild n. （外）孙子；（外）孙女including prep. 包括……在内shopkeeper n. 店主 miss v. 怀念；思念 retire v. 退休；退职 短语： on television 电视播放的 at the age of 在……岁时 at a price 付代价 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 fall ill 病例 in place of 代替 be grateful to（sb for sth） (为某事)感激（某人） be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇search for 找寻；思索（答案） lead to 使发生；导致 protect…from …保护……以免…… be tired of （doing sth） 厌倦；厌烦（做某事） be known as 被称作；被叫做 set up 建立；创建 for love 出于热爱 forget about sb 不再想某人； 不再把某人放在心上 come on （表示知道某人说的话不是真的）得了吧 save up 储蓄；攒钱 fight for 为……斗争 be equal to 与……平等 in total 总计；总数 Unit 2： smart adj. 聪明的；机敏的 plenty n. 大量；充足