英文论文雾都孤儿性格分析

Contents

ⅠIntroduction (1)

ⅡOliver’s Kindness (2)

2.1 His Kindness to the Poor (2)

2.2 His Kindness to the Thieves (3)

2.3 His kindness to Nancy (4)

2.4 His Kindness to Companion (5)

ⅢOliver’s innocence (5)

ⅣOliver’s Honesty (7)

ⅤOliver’s Filial piety (8)

ⅥOliver’s Bravery (9)

ⅦConclusion (10)

Reference (12)

ⅠIntroduction

Oliver Twist was Dickens’ second novel, which marked the beginning o f Dickens’ literary life. It concentrates on the hard years of an orphan, Oliver Twist, who was against the criminal world of London. It is the first novel that readers are led to a very sad world. The hero of this novel was Oliver Twist, an orphan, while reading the tragic experiences of the little Oliver; he was thrown into a world full of poverty and crime. He suffered big pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating; I was shocked by his sufferings. I felt sorry for the poor boy, but at the same time I detested the evil Fagin and the brutal Bill. To my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered evil and Oliver lived a happy life at the end. One of the plots that attracted me most is that after the berry, little Oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of Mrs. Maylie and Rose and began a new life. He went for walks with them, or Rose read to him, and he worked hard at his lessons. He felt as if he had left behind forever the world of crime and hardship and poverty.

The good and honest Oliver was born a person of morality who knew how to thank others for their helps; as for the character of Fagin who was of the quality of craftiness, ferocity and miserliness, at last, he was given a capital punishment which he rightly deserved; and the character of Nancy was of the quality of kindness which was defeated by her evil, the most complex character Nancy fell in love with Sikes and the persistent love affair, but she had the tendency to become a kind-hearted person

The description of the criminals of London that little Oliver lived brought Dickens a new class of many readers interested in social reform... People started to think about social reasons for all of those criminal phenomena exposing the dark sides of people lived out that time. Dickens carried the good traditions of realism novels since 18th century of England and also developed it; he established the base of critical realism and had effect upon the development of the whole European realism novels. Oliver Twist was Charles Dickens’ first authentic novel and also was the first time that he led readers into a real but terrible life of underworld. This novel was a vivid picture

and Charles Dickens was an excellent realist.

Dickens is one of the founders of critical realism in the 19th century, who was the most popular English novelist of the Victorian era, and one of the most popular of all time. He created some of literature's most iconic characters; Oliver Twist is one of the most important social novels in Dickens’ ea rly works.

Ⅱ Oliver’s Kindness

2.1 His Kindness to the Poor

In the life of his working in the coffin shop, he expressed sympathy to the poor who were more misfortune than him. For example,” A man and an old woman stood near the body, Oliver was afraid to kook at them.” why did Oliver don’t want to see them? That’s because he was too kind to have the heart to the poor. Even though he knew himself also was a poor boy, that’s not the reason that he didn’t care about the other poor, but why did he do like that? He couldn’t offer them money, after all, he was poor too, and he also couldn’t give them encouragement. Because they didn’t need that, so all he could do was feeling sorry to them,:” so how did you like it, Oliver?’ asked so we were later, as they walked home.’ not very much, sir’ Oliver answered truthfully. Oliver wondered how long that would take, and remains silent all the way back to the shop, thinking about everything that he had seen and heard.” you may be want to ask that :Oliver did nothing, where was his kindness?; but you couldn’t forget that he was poor, too. And we also know that’s also related to the society. The society was full of selfishness and crimes, people in that time were mostly poor. The people’s relationship were desolated, this rel ationship can be seen in adults abundantly. However as a child who was only ten years old, he was kindhearted to the poor, he wasn’t influenced by that world. We can compare the behaviors of Oliver and the priest.” when at last he came, he hurried through the buried prayers, and as quickly as possible (it was only a job, after all) the coffin was put into”. This was the behaviors of the priest. Even though it was his job, it’s his responsibility to the woman’s bury he even be late for the burial, with all p eople were waiting for him.

I think the reason that his later was the buried woman was poor very much. He couldn’t get enough money form her family, so “he hurried through the buried prayers” but Oliver, as a poor boy, he could express kindness to the poor. That’s valuable.

2.2 His Kindness to the Thieves

We know that in the London with the thieves, though they were vicious, Oliver also expressed kindness to them, the first one, Fagin was deceitful, he didn’t believe in anybody. he treat the other thieves fiercely, that could be seen from the scene:” he looked at the jewelry with pleasure, then replaced them what a good thing hanging is .he murmured,’ dead man can never talk or betray old friends,’ so bad a man, he not only felt sad for his companions, but also afraid that the other thieves might betray to him, they were all worked for him, and they were only children. The another scene that Fagin even get very angry to Dodger and charley Bates, he even knocked them both down the stairs and sent them to bed with no dinner, because they had returned with nothing .he also treat bad to Oliver when Oliver was caught to Fagin’s house again, Fagin picked up a long piece of wood, he hit Oliver hard on the shoulders with stick, even though he was so bad, Oliver also keep a kind attitude to him. When Fagin was in the prison, Oliver even went to see him, he said “yes, Will you pray with me?’ how kind he was, what he thought at that time was the good that Fagin to him. we can see that the aim he went there was pray for him , I think Oliver had not hate him ever , he also remembered that if there was no Fagin who gave him a place to live , he might be dead already . He was not only kind but also knew absolutely.

The second is one to monks. Monks was Oliver half brother, but monks treat him bad. Because of the inheritance, Monks wanted to hold all the in heritance, therefore Monks tried to kill him. For once, after Monks listen to Fagin’s plan for a while, angry very much, he said “It was badly planned, could you make the boy into an ordinary thief, and then seeing let the polices arrested him, and sent out of the country for his all life.’ form these sentences said by Monks, we should know that Monks hate his half brother very much. He was a cruel man .Even though Monks did like that; he

finally got forgiveness from Oliver. After all mysteries were ended, Monks shouldn’t get the money from the inheritance by law. In other words, all the money should have gone to Oliver alone, but as to Oliver’s kindness, Monks was give the ot her half of money and what’s more, Oliver was glad to accept it. How kind a boy! Was there anyone who could do like Oliver? Even to our people living in present society. One society was peaceful, so we usually have a kind heart, that’s due to our kind envi ronment. However, we can’t meet with Oliver I think, because our toleration is limited, if someone treats our like that, we usually can’t pardon monks. Let’s have a look at the social atmosphere of Oliver. The society was dark, miserable, criminal, mostly of the people lived in poor, many workhouses were hypocritical and cruelty of parish, living in that atmosphere, Oliver also kept a heart which was more kind than our. His kindness to Monks showed his wide bosom, and the love to half brother. No matter how had those monks to him.

2.3 His kindness to Nancy.

Maybe many people want to ask that Nancy is the benefactor of Oliver, I admit that if there is not Nancy, Oliver maybe chased by Fagin and Monks. But we shouldn’t forget that Nancy played an important role in Oliver’s arrested. We know that at first, Oliver was rescued from Fagin by Mr. Brownlow; he had lived a happy life with Mr. Brown after Mr. Brownlow’s looking after carefully. but Nancy made it changed,”Oliver hurried through the streets to the book shop, thinking how lucky he was, suddenly there was aloud scream behind him, “oh, my dear brother”, before he could look around, a pair of arms was thrown tightly around his neck ......suddenly Oliver recognized the woman he had seen in Fagin house, “it’s Nancy.’ he said, without thinking.” That was how Nancy broke Oliver’s happy life. When Oliver was arrested to the Fagin’s house, he was hit by Fagin and after that he involved in robbery which made him wounded deeply. Yet Oliver was so kind that he forgot it, all he remembered was what Nancy did for him. Therefore, when Oliver got to know that Nancy was killed by Sikes, he behaved so sadly, he thought that Nancy’s killing was his fault. Was there anyone else can do like that? I think us can’t. We fall short of

Oliver. His kindness made him great.

2.4 His Kindness to Companion

Oliver regarded of their position was good or bad, he was always thinking about his friend whose name was Dick in the slum study. As he was detained by Mr. Brown, I thought: if we are him, we will fell so gratified flexibly, but Oliver didn’t like that, he always thought that if he could had a look at little Dick, who was willing to endure hunger beaten; the small Dick probably just cried at that moment, after that, he still wanted to go to help him. This properly showed his kindness. He was so good, because he couldn’t forget his companion even though he was only in a better place than before. Undoubted that from what did Oliver just said, it can be seen that Oliver was various to his friend, He took the contempt of expression and listen to their cry, he endured the flay and didn't shout, because he felt a dignity copious supernatural fullness in his mind. We know that Oliver was an orphan, he was so miserable, however, he always rememb er his friend, that’s so various, he wanted to his friend live with him for a better life. That’s Oliver, that’s his Kindness to his friend.

Ⅲ Oliver’s innocence

Oliver was not only kind, but also innocent, His innocent shoe off many aspects When Oliver was with the thieves, he was more innocent than ever. For example, at first , he arrived in London with no money, and there was nobody who he knew, Dodger “help” him, and introduce Fagin to him “ “well, don’t worry, I’ve got to be in London tonight, and I know a very nice old gentleman there who will let you live in his place and not even ask you for money .’ Oliver was deeply grateful for this offer of shelter and talked for a long time with his new friend...... However, he wanted first to meet the kind old gentleman in London, who would help him. So innocent he was. He believed in a thief actually. He deeply trusts in Fagin before he melts Fagin by what Dodger said. Was there a thief can know a man who would like to help the poor? After all that Dodger was a thief whose friends must be bad men? However, Oliver believed him. He went with Dodger to Fagin’s house. Oliver’s innocence made him

involved in a series of crimes. All in all he was a child who had less understanding for the world. another example , when Oliver had seen the riches of Fagin , his innocence made him foolish again , let us have a analysis “Oliver wander why the old man lived in such an old , dirty place , when he had so many watches , but then he thought that it must cost Fagin a lots of money to look after the Dodger and the other boys ,so he said nothing .After for a while , Dodger came back , Fagin asked him that “Have you been at work this morning ? “ “Hard at work” Dodger answered. “Good boys, good boys.” Said Fagin, then he asked Ol iver “Good works, aren’t they, Oliver?” Oliver answered “Very good.’’ I think, at that time, the innocence saved him. That if without his innocence, he already maybe killed by Fagin when he saw Fagin’s riches. Because we can know that the riches was important to Fagin. He had killed some other boys indirectly, so, at that time, if Oliver didn’t think like that by innocence, he had been dangerous and unfortunate situation. Another example, when Oliver was seized by Fagin, he was holding some books and money of Mr. Brownlow at that time, without any problems that these things were wrested by those thieves. Oliver cried “Give them back, those books belong to the kind old gentleman who took me into his home, send him back the books and the money ---he will think I stole them.’ and after that , Oliver also completely showed . He actually let Fagin return Mr. Brownlow’s books and money. His innocence made him forget that Fagin and the others were thieves. Could they return the money and books? Could they let Oliver go? The answers of course are no. we could say that if in the last example innocence made him escape from being killing. It made Oliver foolish in the example. So if he didn’t innocent, he would not say those sentences.

In all words, Oliver’s innocence i s his big character, his innocence makes him involve in crimes, but at the same time, it makes him safety. In general, whether the innocence is a good character of a man, it depends on how you use it and when it happens, just like Oliver, the innocence takes good luck at some time, but it makes him in bad situation, too. This also can be used to the present society .As we know there are more and more crimes happen in our society, what’s the reason for this? I think it mostly because of many peoples’ innocen ce, because their innocence makes

them foolish and have faith somebody easily who use some deceitful tricks which make many false appearances, in that time, the innocence is a bad thing. However, at some time, we need it, it can also make our relaxed, because the life in the society is so nervous and the rhyme of it is very fast. So, if we use it properly, the innocence will take an important correct role in our life.

Ⅳ Oliver’s Honesty

The Honest also play an important role in Oliver’s life through the st ory. Oliver has so many good characters that can be studied by us. The honest is one of them. As we know, in the story, Oliver’s benefactor---Mr. Brownlow, who gave many aids to him is one of important roles. He helps Oliver lived a happy life finally. If without him, Oliver may have lost in Fagin. However, they are all wined by Oliver’s kindness and honest .let us have a look at about it. Oliver had a dramatic meet with Mr. Brownlow, and Oliver was changed by Mr. Brownlow falsely .but this time it was not a bad thing, it made Oliver a shortly happily life with Mr. Brownlow, but this life was interrupted. At one day Mr. Brownlow wanted to return some books to the bookseller, and to send five pounds for buying new books which had held by him for someday. He let Oliver to do it. And Oliver promised delighted that he could do the thing very well. As we know, Oliver was poor, he needed money. But he did not take the money because of his honest and he said to Mr. Brownlow “I will be back after ten minutes.” however, he was grasped by Fagin unluckily. Unexpectedly, when he was with Fagin, he also said to him “ those books and money belong to the kind old man who took me into his home , send him back the books and the money ---he will think I stole them.’ In the last example, I have an analysis about the words. Of course; it showed Oliver’s innocence, but it also gave us a look at Oliver’s honest. at that time, he was in bad situation, however he also remembered that he must send the books back to Mr. Brown low, he just wanted to convinced that he was not a deceiver, he was honest, although that things couldn’t be sent back, it also could convinced Oliver’s honest. Are there any people can do like that? Especially, Oliver was a poor boy; he lived in that society which was full of criminals. But he also can keep an honest, that’s so

valuable. When Oliver lived a happy life with rose and Mrs. Maylei, he didn’t forget Mr. Brown low, not only because of Mr. Brownlow’s benefit to him but those books and money, he didn’t want Mr. Brownlow to get a false understanding about him. So he always remembered that thing, from this we can see Oliver was honest absolutely. Ⅴ Oliver’s Filial piety

we all know that Oliver was an orphan ,even though he didn't see his mother for once, he also loved his mother, there was nobody can insult his mother，we can see from these sentences: “Workhouse, how’s your mother?” He asked. “She’s dead.” replied Oliver, his face going red with emotion; Noah hoped that Oliver was going to cry, so he continued. “What did she die of, Workhouse?” “Of a broken heart, I was told.” And a tear rolled down Oliver’s cheek, “Why are you crying, Workhouse?” Oliver remained silent, and Noah grew braver. “You know, I feel very sorry for you, Workhouse, but the truth is your mother was a wicked woman.” Oliver seemed suddenly to wake up. “What did you say?” “She was so bad it was lucky she died, or she would have ended up in prison, or hung.” His face bright red with anger, O liver jumped up, seized Noah’s throat, and shook the older boy so violently that his teeth nearly fell out. The n he hit him with all his strength and knocked him to the ground.

From this we see not hard, Oliver deeply loved his mother, although the work that he spent a lot of time and effort to come work, but when he heard his mother Noah insulted when then what also did not the outraged, blood-boiling.

"Toward his dozen past," His face with anger, he jumped up, liver seized Noah’s foremost, and the older boy shook violently so His teeth fell out their superior quality pleasure. He hit him with His all strength, and knocked him all to the ground"

How strong reaction are, he usually weak but at that time he took all efforts to the insult mothers scratching, let’s think about the boy, much higher than Oliver, and strong much, but why did he can’t compare with Oliver? He was frightened by Oliver’s reaction, but also enemy nevertheless Oliver attack,

“He’ll murder me!” screamed Noah. “Photographs, Charlotte! Oliver gone mad - '" He called for Help, what brought Oliver so much strength? This was his mother's

deep love, he had been a gentle, although inhuman abuse is a depressed since Kennedy unlucky boy.

Here he used all strength to beat Noah. What is the strength that he could make such a decision, but perhaps it’s not "decision" right, intense feelings of anger has deprived him of his reasons; he does not allow the others to his mother's slightest insult. Although Oliver to his mother has no impressions and memories, he never knows his mother’s appearance. However, the respect for his mother has been accompanied by his feelings. So when Noah insulted his mother, he shows ever excited. The result of the event was Oliver was beaten and held up. Dickens in writing this a detail below is not only to lay the basis, but also show Oliver’s pure love for his mother, and his strong reputation.

Ⅵ Oliver’s Bravery

When I finish the story, the detail make a deep impression on me, I was shook by this little boy, he is so brave, let us have a look at “Oliver went up to the master，with his bowl in his hand. He felt very frightened, but also desperate with hunger. “Please, sir, I want some more. The master was a fat, healthy man, but he turned very pale. He looked at the little boy in front of him with amazement. Nobody else spoke. “What?” he asked at last, in a faint voice. “Please, sir,” replied Olive r, “I want some more.” The master hit him with the serving spoon，the n seized Oliver’s arms and shouted for the beadle．The beadle came quickly，heard the dreadful news，and immediately ran to tell the board．”For this move, the strong fat -- the chef and. that several assistants with consternation, and the children, they have not been able to move, they are frightened by Oliver’s move, because the move far exceeded their imagination, because before this nobody can dare to say such things, Oliver do it, although he is forced to select, but if he doesn’t, we can supposed tha t any an orphan will not come out, This is Oliver’s valorous work, because of his hunger and desperation, brave and spoke these words “I want else”, he lost this work, but in that society, which was a poor critically-acclaimed oppression and miserable life times, he, who was only depend on a poorhouses to survive, can have such courage, how commendable! I

imagine he is gathered all his courage. How big of the courage, the distance between him and the chef is a few steps away shortly, how does he finish? However we can see from the descriptions of the poorhouses cook, he is tall and fat. But Oliver, known of his thin, at that time, he does like this, its Oliver’s move, because of hungry. The chef’s fat and Oliver’s thin make a strong companion, in this situation, Oliver’s behaviors can be braver.

Just remember another scene that Oliver escapes from that coffin shop, “He stopped to think about it. He had a piece of bread, a rough shirt, two pairs of socks and a penny. But he could not see how the se would help him get to London any faster, so he continued walking. He walked twenty miles that day. The only thing he had to eat was his piece of bread and some water which he begged from houses near the road. He slept the first night in a field, feeling lonely, tired, cold and hungry. He was even hungrier the next morning when he woke up, and he had to buy some more bread with his penny. That day he walked only twelve miles. His legs were so weak that they shook beneath him.’ It’s hard imagine that Oliver, who only ha s ten years old, spends seven days by foot for decades of miles to reach in a place which he knew little, and all he has is only several cents and a piece of cake, seen from this, we can know that the voyage is very hard and long for Oliver.

Ⅶ Conclusion

Charles Dickens is one of the greatest critical realists in English literature history. Oliver Twist is his masterpiece. It is Dickens’ favorite novel. Oliver Twist is a very moving story, it is the first novel that readers are led to a very sad world, and Oliver is such a role who has so many characters brave, kindness, innocence and so on. They are all showed from his attitudes towards the peoples and things around him. No matter whom they are, Oliver always expresses his kindness to them, no matter what the things are, difficult or good, he also showed brave. He love his mother very much, and be honest to Mr. Brown low. So kind a boy! In that society which is dirty and criminal always happened, people at that time are mostly selfish, bad and poor. I am so happy for little Oliver, he finally found his felicity. He is an optimistic, not scared

of difficulties, polite and appreciative boy. He deserves what he gets in the end. The plot is intricate, and every character is masterly linked together. However, Oliver is born in the society, he doesn’t influence by them. Constantly he keeps kindhearted to everybody. That’s the reason that he gets a good and happy life finally. When we think of the boy, his characters will give a deep impression on us .and he can be the positive sprit for us. It encourages those poor people who were exploited to stand up, fight against the authorities.

Reference

[1]王佐良. 英国文学史. 北京商务出版社, 1996

[2]罗经国. 狄更斯评论集. 上海译文出版社, 1989

[3]狄更斯. 雾都孤儿. 牛津大学出版社, 外语教学与研究出版社, 1992

[4]徐葆耕. 西方文学十五讲. 北京大学出版社, 2003

[5]范存忠《英国文学史提纲》，四川：四川人民才出版社，1983

[6]《大学英国文学史》陈嘉宋文林商务印刷馆，1996

[7]《英国文学史选读》吴伟仁外语教学与研究出版社，1988

[8]Catherine Peters, Charles Dickens. Xi an World Publishing Corporation, 1998

[9]T.A.Jackson.Translated by Fan De -yi, Charles Dickens.Shanghai:Shanghai Translation Press,1993

[10]Jiang Cheng -yong,“Dickens’psychological