Testing Visualization(中英)

Testing visualization:测试直观化:Functionality Enhancement功能性增强

1.Motivation动机

Starting form build 196, MetaTrader 4 Client Terminal offers testing visualization function. It allows controlling the Expert Advisor’s testing on a brand new level. Now, the trading programmer can watch every action of his or her Expert Advisor checking its operation on his history!从196版本开始，M T4客户端开始提供测试直观化功能。其允许从一个全新的层面对智能交易（E A）测试进行控制。现在，交易程序员可以在记录中查看其智能交易(E A)检查操作的每一个动作。

You can read about how to use the visualizer in the article named Testing of Expert Advisor in the MetaTrader 4 Client Terminal: An Outward Glance Our article describes how to make the strategy tester highly similar to the terminal.你可以在M T4客户端:A n O u t w a r d G l a n c e里的名为T e s t i n g o f E x p e r t A d v i s o r文章中阅读如何使用v i s u a l i z e r。文章描述了如何最大限度的使策略测试器贴近（类似于）终端。

So, what is the main specific of the tester? What lacks in visualization? The most important lack is perhaps the lack of “Trade” tab.那么测试器主要特性是什么？V i s u a l i z a t i o n中所缺少的是什么？所缺的也许当属“交易”图表了(t a b)。

How many positions were opened? How soon will the pending order trigger?Has the StopLoss of the position moved?How much is the margin at the moment and how long is it to go to the MarginCall level?We find answer to these and many other questions in the “Trade” tab of the Terminal.But what can we do when testing?现有开仓数？需要多久挂单指令可以开启？止损水平位是否已经移动？目前保证金是多少，何时需追缴保证金？我们在终端的“交易”表中可以找到这些以及其他问题的答案。但测试中我们可以做什么？2.Technical Aspects技术现状

We will start coding with problem definition, as usual. What result do we want to obtain?于以往一样，我们从问题定义和编码开始讨论。我们希望获得什么结果？

- As said before, we need realization of something analogous to “Trade” tab, i.e., to visualize information about all open positions and pending orders.如前所述，我们需要类似于“交易”图表的东西，直观显示所有已有订单和挂单指令信息。

- Information must always be updated and be well readable.信息必须是实时更新，通俗易懂。

- The program must be highly easy to use – its connection to the Expert Advisor may not need many efforts.程序必须简单易用 –可不费工夫的和自动交易相连。

Now we can discuss technical aspects. How will the program be formed: as an indicator or as an external function library?现在可以讨论技术现状了。程序是如何构成的：是当作指标还是外在功能库？

It is obvious that indicator in a separate window could be the best solution. It is always visible, does not hatch the price chart and is updated on every tick.But we then face a new problem when using the indicator – it takes all data about orders from the normal terminal, not from the ‘virtual’ (test) terminal, i.e., while testing, it will show information about the current state of the account without any reaction to the testing itself.显然在单独的窗口中放置指标实为最佳解决办法。一览式（安排），不用在价格图表上划线，且随时进行更新。但我们也遇到一个新问题-其从普通终端获取所有订单数据，而非‘实际’（测试）终端，即测试中其显示帐户的即时信息，不作用于测试本身。

So we will have to find an alternative, a kind of a back way, to solve our problem.所以我们要找到替代方案来解决该问题。

感谢Rover翻译！

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We will still create an indicator, but it will only fulfil the function of a “chart subwindow creator”. It will not show anything, i.e., we will always have a ‘reserved’ part of the chart.This is necessary so that the created subwindow could be saved under a unique name in template tester.tpl or in template .tpl.仍设置一个指标，但仅有“创建图表副窗口”功能。其不显示任何内容，即一直有图表的一个‘预留’部分。这样我们创建的副窗口可以在t e s t e r.t p l或.t p l模板中用单独名字命名。

Showing and updating of information will be assigned to a function library formed an included file.显示和更新的信息将分配到功能库，组成一个包入i n c l u d e d文件。

3.Putting in Use使用

First of all, a chart template must be created that will use the visualizer. Just adjust the chart (colors, grid, scale), attach vTerminal.mq4 to the chart and use the “Save Template” command:使用v i s u a l i z e r首先必须创建一个图表模板。只需对图表进行调整（颜色，网格，比例/刻度），将v T e r m i n a l.m q4附加进图表，单击“保存模板”命令：

Chart Appearance before It Is Saved图表保存前外观

Window "Save as Template"“保存模板”界面

For visualization purposes, the template named tester.tpl or .tpl will be used. It is this name that must be used to save the template.为了直观显示，将会使用到名为t e s t e r.t p l或.t p l的模板。模板也保存为该名字。

4.Integration with the Expert Advisor于智能交易相结合

Functions that show information about positions are saved in the included file named VisualTestingTools.mq4, which is in the …\MetaTrader 4\experts\include\directory. First of all, it must be attached to the Expert Advisor – insert # include line before the start function.It will then appear as follows (example of CrossMACD-Deluxe):显示持仓信息的功能保存在名为V i s u a l T e s t i n g T o o l s.m q4的i n c l u d e d文件，路径为…\M e t a T r a d e r4\e x p e r t s\i n c l u d e\d i r e c t o r y。首先，其必须附加到智能交易 –在启动该功能前插入#i n c l u d e。显示如下（C r o s s M A C D-D u l u x e例子）：...

double _Commission = 0.0; string _Comment = ""; datetime _Expiration = -1;

#include

int start()

{

if ( FastEMAPeriod >= SlowEMAPeriod )

{

return(-1);

}

int _GetLastError = 0;

...

Now we can use the functions in any part of the program. Call for one of them - vTerminalInit() - will be placed in the Expert Advisor's init() function since it must be called only once for its task is to create objects to show information.。Another one - vTerminalRefresh() - must be called at every tick.It will update information about open positions.Code of the EA that uses the functions will look like this:现在我们可以在程序中任何部分使用该功能。调用其中之一-v T e r m i n a l I n i t()–放在智能交易初始功能(i n i t()f u n c t i o n)中，其必须且仅能调用一次来创建显示信息的目标（程序）另一个- vTerminalRefresh() –则必须在全部信用上调用。其将更新订单信息。使用这些功能的E A代码类似如下：

...

double _Commission = 0.0; string _Comment = ""; datetime _Expiration = -1;

#include

int init()

{

if ( FastEMAPeriod >= SlowEMAPeriod )

{

return(-1);

}

vTerminalInit();

return(0);

}

int start()

{

if ( FastEMAPeriod >= SlowEMAPeriod )

{

return(-1);

}

vTerminalRefresh();

int _GetLastError = 0;

...

You can download Expert Advisor CrossMACD_DeLuxe_Visual.mq4 where all necessary changes have

already been made.你可以下载已经做出必要修改的Expert Advisor CrossMACD_DeLuxe_Visual.mq4。5.Testing测试

Now let us look what we have got.现在我们查看得到了什么。

First, new external variables have been added in the Expert Advisor:其一，新的外部变量已经添加进智能交易：

New external variables are available after the VisualTestingTools.mq4 file has been added to the Expert Advisor's code VisualTestingTools.mq4文件加进智能交易代码中后，我们获得了新的外在变量。

Their destination is intuitive, but I would like to give more details about them:目标文件已经很直观，但我想给出更多的细节：

- Rows - the maximum amount of lines shown in the display. For the most strategies, 10 lines will be enough;-线-为显示的线条的最大数量。对大多数策略而言，10条线已足够；

- BigText - set true if you want to enlarge the fonts;-粗体-想加大字体，则设为t r u e

- SignalPoints - distance in points, starting from which fields Stop Loss, Take Profit and Open Price for pending orders will be highlighted. For example, if SignalPoints = 10, then the Stop Loss field will change its color when the price is 10 points from the Stop Loss of the position;-信号点数-，挂单指令的止损、盈利和开盘价区开始加亮（改变颜色）的点数差距。例如，如果信号点数=10，则当价格和止损水平相差10点时，止损字段颜色将发生改变；

- MainColor - color of the terminal heading and of the bar informing about the account (Balance,

Equity, ...).-主颜色-终端标题颜色和显示帐户信息（余额，资金净值…）的

- BuyColor - color of Buy-position information;-买入颜色-显示看涨（买入）信息的颜色；

- BuyOPColor - color of the Open Price field, which will replace the main color when the current price approaches to the Open level of Buy Stop and Buy Limit;-买入开盘颜色-为开盘字段颜色，当即时价格接近B u y

S t o p和B u y L i m i t的开盘水平时其将替代主颜色；

- BuySLColor - color, which will replace the main color when the price approaches to the Stop Loss level of Buy positions;<}53{>-买入止损颜色-，当价格接近买单的止损水平时其将替代主颜色的颜色；

- BuyTPColor - color, which will replace the main color when the price approaches to the Take Profit level of Buy positions.-买入盈利颜色-，当价格接近买单的盈利水平时其将替代主颜色的颜色；

- SellOPColor, SellSLColor and SellTPColor - the same for Sell positions.-S e l l O P C o l o r,S e l l S L C o l o r a n d

S e l l T P C o l o r-指相对应卖盘时的颜色。

Let us set MainColor = Black and press OK. The Expert is now ready for testing. Before pressing the Start button, check “Visualization” and enjoy the results:设置M a i n c o l o r=黑色，单击O K。可以对智能交易进行测试了。在测试前，检查“V i s u a l i z a t i o n”：

Until there are no open positions, our “terminal” shows only heading and the account status bar. Let us wait until a signal appears and the Expert open a position.没有订单时，终端仅显示标题和帐户状态栏。让我们等待出现信号，智能交易开仓。

A Sell position is opened as the first one. As you can see, the line is red.首先是一个卖单。可以看到，信息行为红色。

Please direct your attention to the account status bar. It contains everything we get used to see in the "Trade" tab of the terminal.The entire information is updated every tick, so you can see how the position's profit changes:注意观察帐户状态栏。其包含所有我们在终端“交易”图标中所熟知的各项内容。信息都得到完整更新，所以你可以看到仓位获利的变化情况。

When price approaches to the Stop Loss level of the position, the StopLoss field changes its color to that preset by user:当价格接近止损水平时，止损字段变为用户预设的颜色。

As to me, it is quite good.我个人觉得这点非常棒。

6.Possible Problems可能出现的问题

One more feature of using the tester.tpl with indicator vTerminal should be mentioned: During testing, the function that must find the indicator's window (WindowFind()) is unabled.This is why, the subwindow number is explicitly set in the code:应当指出和v T e r m i n a l一起使用的t e s t e r.t p l的另一特点：测试期间，查找指标窗口(W i n d o w F i n d())功能不可用。这也是副窗口数目在代码中明确设定的原因。

win = WindowFind( "vTerminal" );

if ( IsTesting() ) { win = 1; }

If the template contains other indicators to be drawn in a separate window, the entire information about them will be shown in the upper window. I.e., you have either to place vTerminal on the top or write win = subwindow number; instead of win = 1; .如果模板中包含其它单列窗口的指标，则其（指标）全部信息应显示在窗口上部。也就是说，要么把v T e r m i n a l放在上面，要么编写 w i n=s u b w i n d o w，代替w i n=1；

No other problems were found when working with the indicatorü.使用指标中未发现其它问题。

7.Conclusion结论

To draw a beautiful conclusion, I would like just to show some screenshots.附一些屏幕截图，以此作结。

Translated from Russian by MetaQuotes Software Corp.

Original article:https://www.360docs.net/doc/e317024204.html,/ru/176

Created: 2007.01.18 Author: Andrey Khatimlianskyi Warning: All rights on these materials are reserved by MetaQuotes Software Corp. Copying or reprinting of these materials in whole or in part is prohibited.