主动表被动的几种情形

主动表被动的几种情形
主动表被动的几种情形

Module1 Europe问题解决—评价单班级: _ 组名: _ 姓名: __ 日期:2012. __ Grammar 1

Passive voice: present and past forms (P5)

一.何时用被动语态?

1.不知道谁是动作的执行者时;

①Paper is made from wood.

②He was wounded in the fight.

2.没有必要或不想指出动作的执行者时;

Books and newspapers in th e reading room mustn’t be taken away.

3.强调或突出动作的承受者时;

She was heard to move about in her room uptairs.

如果需要指出被动的执行者,可用“by + 动作执行者(宾格)”这一结构。二.主动表被动的几种情形:

一、谓语动词用主动表被动的四种情形:

(1)某些连系动词主动表被动:

look, sound, smell, taste, prove, feel

This kind of cloth feels soft.

That dog looks dangerous.

My advice proved (to be) wrong.

(2) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用做不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。他们通常与can’t, won’t等连用。

The door won’t shut.

Suddenly the door opened. (不强调谁开了门)

(3)当read, write, wash, sell, clean, cook, burn, draw, cut, wear等词与well, easily, quickly 等副词连用时,常用主动表被动。

The cloth washes well.

The poem reads smoothly.

The book sells well.

This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft.

This shirt will wear very long.

The floor doesn’t clean easily.

This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind.

但:

This book sells well. So far, 200 books have been sold out.

The sentence was read clearly by her.

(4)某些表示开始和结束的动作(begin, start, finish, end, etc.),当主语是事物且不强调动作的执行者时,可用主动表被动。

When does the concert begin ?

The play ended at ten o’clock.

二、非谓语动词主动表被动的情况:

(1)不定式to blame, to let用做表语时,通常用主动表被动。

Who is to blame?(该怪谁呢?)

The house is to let. (此屋出租。)

(2)在“be +形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常用主动表被动。

The question is difficult to answer.

Do you think the water is safe to drink?

(3) 不定式用于某些动词的(have, have got, get, want, need)宾语后做定语时:

I have some letters to write.

I want something to drink.

但是注意:

I have something to type.(我自己打)

I have something to be typed. (请别人打)

所以:当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时就用主动表被动,若不一致,则需用被动表被动。

I have a letter to post. (自己寄)

I have a letter to be posted. (请别人寄)

(4)be worth doing; need / want / require doing (to be done)结构中

In all, the book is worth reading.

This might be worth thinking about.

The wall wants repairing / to be repaired.

被动语态巩固练习

1. A talk on developments in science and technology ___in the school hall next week.

A. given

B. will be given

C. has been given

D. give

2. Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes, I asked him what___.

A. would happen

B. had happened

C. happened

D. was happened.

3. The doctor ___for yet.

A. isn’t sent

B. hasn’t been sent

C. won’t be sent

D. wasn’t sent.

4. The new pla y _______ in theatre now . Why don’t you go in and see it ?

A. is being shown

B. is showing

C. is shown

D. shows

5.So far, the moon ___by man already.

A.is visited

B.will be visited

C.has been visited

D.was visited.

6. The woman murdered her friend and ______ to ______.

A. was sentenced , death

B. sentencing , die

C. sentenced , death

D. sentenced , die

7. -Do you like the skirt ?

-It _______ soft.

A. is feeling

B. felt

C. feels

D. is felt

8. The letter _______ three days ago and it ______ yesterday.

A. had post , had arrived

B. was posted , arrived

C. posted , arrived

D. had been posted , was arrived

9. The books may ___ for two weeks.

A. be kept

B. be borrowed

C. keep

D. borrow

10. The river smells terrible. People must __ dirty things into it.

A. be stopped to throw

B. be stopped from throwing

C. stop to throw

D. stop from throwing

11.Potatoes ___ better hot than cold.

A. eat

B. are eaten

C. are eating

D. have eaten

12.The computers of this kind __ in this area.

A. sells best

B. sell best

C. are sold best

D. is sold best

13.The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.

A. sit

B. sit on

C. be sat

D. be sat on

14.We waited for the work ___.

A. done

B. being done

C. to do

D. to be done

15.The plants want ___ every day.

A. watered

B. be watered

C. watering

D. being watered

自我评价:

小组长评价:

学科长评价:( ) 优良中

自我评价小组长评价学科长评价

A.全会做的 A.掌握的 A.完善好的

B.粗心做错的 B.待掌握的 B.待完善的

C.全不会做的

主动表被动的13种情况

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 各位同学国庆节快乐: 被动语态是英语学习中的主要语法项目,是高考每年必考项目。 要想正确地使用被动语态,就须注意哪些动词是及物的,哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。 在英语学习中,有许多地方按中文思维要用被动语态,但英语表达思维方式就必须用主动表被动,这对许多学生来说是一个难点,常常让他们感到不好学,不好掌握。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。在此小结如下13种主动表示被动的情况: 一、不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是:cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 1.This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 2.These books sell well.这些书好卖。 3.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。

4.Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather.肉 在这样热的天气里放不长久。 5.The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 二、一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。 1.The apples taste good. 2.The flower smells wonderful. 3.The news proved/turned out true. 4.Cotton feels soft. 三、不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词有: hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,conve nient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。 1.The problem is easy to do. 2.The question is difficult to answer. 3.The box is heavy to carry.

非谓语动词用主动表被动的八种情形

非谓语动词用主动表被动的八种情形 (1)不定式to blame, to let用作表语时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame?该怪谁呢? The house is to let.此屋出租。 (2)某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The question is difficult to answer.这问题很难回答。 Your writing is impossible to read.你的书写没法认。 Do you think the water is safe to drink?你认为这水喝起来安全吗? 【注】①这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有awkward, convenient,dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky,unpleasant等。 ②有时形容词后跟有名词,在名词后用作定语的不定式用主动形式表示被动意义:It’s a difficult book to read.那是一本难读的书。 It is a pleasant thing to remember.这是一件值得记住的愉快的事。 ③有少数用于类似结构的形容词(如fit, ready, free等),其中的不定式用主动式和被动式均可: The water is not fit to drink [to be drunk].这水不适合饮用。 The letters are ready to post [to be posted].这信已准备好可以寄了。 (3)不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,则要用主动形式表示被动意义:

被动语态用主动表达

被动语态用主动表达 被动语态是指在不知谁是动作执行者或没必要指出谁是动作执行者,或需要强调动作的承受者时使用,其基本形式是“系动词+过去分词”。但在现实语言运用中,会出现一些用主动形式表达被动含义的情况,现将英语中用主动语态表达被动含义的几种情况归纳如下:1. 表“需要”含义的动词,如need, want, require等作谓语时,其主语若是物时,这些动词后面可接动名词主动形式表示被动含义。如: The garden doesn't need watering, it rained last night. 这个园子不需要浇水,昨晚刚下过雨。The carpet really requires cleaning. 这块地毯确实需要清理了。 注:这种情况下,也可接不定式的被动语态表达同种含义。如: This sentence needs explaining once more.=This sentence needs to be explained once more. 这个句子需要再解释一遍。 2. 有一类动词既是及物的,又是不及物的,但如果表示主语内在的特征、性质或所处的状态而不是强调动作本身,就要用动词的主动形式表被动,这样用起来简洁,符合英美人的习惯。常见的动词有:sell, wash, write, wear, open, shut, lock, close, start, begin, read, tear, boil, burn, grow, break, change, weigh, measure等。 请看下面三个句子,体会划线部分的不同: His books sell well, so they are sold out soon. 他的书很畅销,所以很快就被卖光了。 The door won't open, so we'll ask the repairman to open it. 这门就是打不开,所以,我们将请修理工打开它。 We measured the bridge and it measures 20 metres long! 我们量了量这座桥,它(量起来)有20米长! 3. 一些表示感觉、感官的系动词,常用主动形式表示被动动作,如sound, feel, smell, taste, look等。如: I tasted the wine and it tasted wonderful! 我尝了尝这酒,味道棒极了。 4. be worth doing结构中,用动名词主动形式表示某事值得被做。如: This dictionary is expensive, but it is worth buying. 这本词典很贵,但很值得买。 5. 在be to blame, be to let, be to seek等结构中,也用主动形式表被动含义。如: Nobody is to blame for the accident. 没有人会因这个事故而受责怪。 6. 有些动词的进行时可表示被动含义(这种情况也可用被动)。如: Te new edition of Longman dictionary is printing. 朗文词典的新版本正在被印刷。 7. 动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义。 动词不定式主动形式表被动含义较复杂,一般分下面3种情况: (1)be+形容词(或有这种形容词修饰的名词)+to do,这时的形容词都表示主语所具有的特征。如:heavy, light, big, strong, nice, beautiful, easy, hard, difficult, fit, comfortable, dangerous 等。如: She is a nice person to work with. 她是一个很好共事的人。 注:①此种结构中,因为主语充当着不定式的逻辑宾语,所以不定式一定用及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语。②too+形容词+to do及形容词+enough+to do结构也适合这一类。如:

被动语态:主动表被动形式

被动语态:主动表被动形式 1) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同:Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) 2)当read, wash,clean, cook, cut, wear, carry,sell 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。

The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义) The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好) 另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态: The vegetables are cooking.蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何? (3)某些表示开始和结束的动词(begin,start, finish, end等),当主语为事物且不强调动作的执行者时,可用主动形式表示被动意义: When does the concertbegin? 音乐会什么时候开始? The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。

动名词主动表被动的三种类型

在某些特殊结构中,动名词可以用主动形式表示被动意义,这主要见于以下几种情况: 一、“需要”型 在need, want, require几个表示“需要”的动词后,英语习惯上用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如: He needs encouraging. 他需要鼓励。 Your hair wants cutting. 你需要理发了。 The front gate requires mending. 前门需要修理。 从意义上看,以上三句的动名词均含有被动意味,但用的都是主动形式。不过,如果改用不定式,则要用被动式,如上面也可说成: He needs to be encouraged. 他需要鼓励。 Your hair wants to be cut. 你需要理发了。 The front gate requires to be mended. 前门需要修理。 二、“值得”型 这类词比较典型的有三个,它们是(be) worth, deserve, merit——它们后面跟的动名词习惯上要用主动式表示被动意义,不能直接使用被动式。如: The film is worth seeing twice. 这个片子值得看两遍。 None of it is worth keeping. 这东西一点儿也不值得保存。 They merit praising. 他们值得表扬 说明:从搭配上看,be worth 和merit 后只能跟动名词,不能跟不定式;而deserve 后则通常是接不定式的。如: They deserved to be congratulated. 他们值得祝贺。 She deserved to win because she was the best. 她有资格获胜,因为她是最优秀的。 只有当它后面所接动词具有被动意义时才可用动名词,且要用主动形式表示被动意义;此时若改成不定式,则要用被动形式。如: 我认为他的文章不值一读。 I don’t think his article deserves reading. =I don’t think his article deserves to be read.

英语主动表被动用法归纳.

英语主动表被动用法归纳 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形 (1)某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2)当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同:The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同: Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) (3)当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):The sentences read clearly. 这些句子读起来很清楚。(即这句子没有歧义) The sentences are read clearly. 这些句子被读得很清楚。(指读的人读得好) 另外,以上用法有时也可能用于进行时态: The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在煮着。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何?

主动形式表被动含义

我是英语专业的,或许能帮助你~!!楼主记得给分啊~!!2011—12--23 主动语态形式表示被动意义在初三英语教学当中,被动语态的学习是一个重点,学生常常在做选择填空和完形填空当中,会遇到一些用主动语态形式表示被动意义的题目,他们常常会犯一些错误。例如以下的一道选择题:The cotton very soft.(棉花摸起来很软)A、is felt B、feels C、was felt D、feel这道题的正确答案是B,而往往很多同学选择A。他们觉得应该用被动结构,其实这就是一个典型的“某些表示状态特征的系动词,就是用主动语态形式表示被动意义”的题目。为了避免学生再遇到类似的问题,犯同样的错误,本人觉得在初三复习当中,在不增加学生过多负担下,有必要将一些初中学生接触过的这一方面的内容,做一下简单的归纳。英语中主动语态形式并不都表示主动意义,有时可表示被动意义,因为被动语态不如主动语态用得普遍,在不引起误解的情况下,可用主动语态表示被动意义。常见的有以下几种情况。一、某些表示状态特征的系动词,如:look,sound,smell,taste等用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布料摸起来很软。The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美。The cake smells nice. 这蛋糕闻起来香。The meat tastes terrible. 这肉尝起来变味了。二、表示某些“需要、要求”意义的动词,如need、want、require等后的动名词的主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:The bike needs mending. 这辆自行车需要修理。Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。The story requires reading carefully.这篇故事需要仔细阅读。三、形容词worth后接的动名词用主动语态形式表示被动意义。The book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得读。The clock isn’t worth repairing. 这闹钟不值得修。The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得一看。四、作表语的形容词,如difficult,easy,hard,nice,possible,impossible等之后的不定式作状语时,用主动语态形式表示被动意义。此时,不定式表示的动作与其主语一般为动宾关系。如:Is English difficult to learn? 英语难学吗?The maths problem is not easy to work out.这道数学题不容易解。I think apples are nice to eat.我认为苹果好吃。五、某些动词,如:lock,open,sell,wash等,特别是与副词badly,easily,well等连用时,常常用主动语态形式表示被动意义。如:The door won’t lock. 这门锁不上。This kind of colour TV sells well. 这种彩电很畅销。Does the cloth wash well?这布耐洗吗?The shop opens at eight in the morning.商店早上八点开门。六、不定式作定语,与被修饰动词的名词或代词构成被动关系,表示被动意义。如:I have lots of homework to do today.今天我有许多家庭作业要做。I want to get something to drink. 我想弄点喝的。Would you like something to eat?你想要点吃的吗?当然“学无定法”,英语的学习不能靠死记规则,关键要提高语感,真正养成用英语思维的习惯,才能做到活学活用。

主动表被动用法归纳

一、谓语动词用主动表被动的五种情形 (1) 某些连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2) 当open, close, shut, lock, move等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用,注意它与用被动语态含义不同: The window won’t shut. 这窗户关不上。(说明主语的属性——窗户有问题了) The window won’t be shut. 这窗户将不用关上。(窗户本身没问题,只是不用关) 有时可能用主动和被动形式均可,只是强调重点稍有不同: Suddenly the door opened. 突然门开了。(不强调动作执行者) The door was suddenly opened. 门突然被打开了。(强调动作执行者) (3) 当read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用,并且在用于以上意思时通常不宜直接使用被动语态形式。不过在某些特殊情况下也可用被动语态,只是含义稍有不同(用主动形式表示主语的属性,用被动形式表示动作执行者所执行的动作):

英语中主动表被动的六种常见结构

英语中主动表被动的六种常见结构 英语动词,通常都是主动形式表主动意义、被动形式表被动意义。但在有些情况下,却用主动形式表被动意义。现将这些情况总结如下: 一、某些系动词+形容词 常见的这类系动词有:look ,feel ,smell, sound, taste, prove, turn out(结果是,证明是)等。例如: This coat feels very soft and smooth. What he said sounds reasonable. The medicine tastes bitter. All he said proved (to be) true. The flowers smelling sweet (= which smell sweet) in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite turn out as planned. 二、某些用作不及物意义的动词+副词 常见的这类动词有:wash, clean, cook, eat, drink, brew, fry, bake, iron, cut , dye , dry, sell, read, write, teach, translate, record, wear, draw, drive, ride, lock, unlock, close ,shut ,open, break, smoke, play, act, wind up, make up, blow, keep, burn, light , strike(划着), fire , pull, fill, begin, start, finish, complete, run(运转), stop, end, owe, print, move, let(出租), carry, handle, kill, , milk, pack, pick, split 等。 这时:(1)句子的主语通常指物。(2)用来表示主语的内在品质、特征、状态或性质。 (3) 通常和副词easily, well, quickly, smoothly, badly, poorly, nicely, wonderfully, perfectly, comfortably 等连用。例如: 1、He paid all that was owing. 2、The tea is brewing. 3、Because the shop is closing down, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 4、—What are you going to do this afternoon? —I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film finishes quite early, so we are going to the bookstore after that. 5、Books of this kind sell well. 6、This knife cuts easily. 7、This kind of cloth washes well, irons easily and wears long. 8、The paper tears easily. 9、This article translates well and reads easily. 10、The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly. 11、The school opens at 7∶45 and classes begin at 8:00. 12、The cigar smokes badly. 13、he cakes eat deliciously. 14、---Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard? ---No, dear. They don’t keep well. Put them in the fridge instead.

主动表被动的13种情况

主动表示被动的13种情况回顾 一、不及物动词与状语连用,用以表示主语的品质和状态常见动词是:cut, sell, read,write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 1.This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。 2.These books sell well.这些书好卖。 3.The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流 畅。 4.Meat won’t keep long in such hot weather. 肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。 5.The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 二、一些连系动词的主动式+形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out 等。 1.The apples taste good. 2.The flower smells wonderful. 3.The news proved/turned out true. 4.Cotton feels soft. 三、不定式在某些形容词之后,且与主语有动宾关系。不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词

时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词 + 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式

。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义: 用于此结构的常见形容词 hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortabl e,convenient,impossible,convenient, cheap, expensive,(便利的,方便的), 等。 1.The problem is easy to do. 2.The question is difficult to answer. 3.The box is heavy to carry. 4.The project is impossible to complete in a year. 5.The question is difficult to answer.这 个问题很难回答。 6.The work is easy to do.这项工作很好做。 7.I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 8.They think it difficult to finish the work in such bad weather.他们认为在这样恶劣 的天气里很难完成这项工作。 9.That makes poetry difficult to write.那 就使得诗很难写。

主动形式表示被动含义的用法归纳

主动形式表示被动含义的用法归纳 主动语态表示被动含义是学习语态的难点,也是高考考查的热点。现归纳如下: [考查热点1] 感官动词常用作系动词(如taste,feel,smell ,sound,look,smell等),常用主动形式表示被动含义。例如:How sweet the music sounds! The flowers smell sweet. That sounds very reasonable. [考查热点2] 某些动词如cut,drive,pay,write,read,sell,keep,prove,weigh,number,drink,wear,pay,wash,open,cost,lock,last等常用主动形式表被动含义,这时常和well,easily,perfectly,badly,slowly等方式副词连用,这种用法多用来说明主语的特征、性质或所处的状态等。例如: The pen writes quite smoothly. The book sells well. [考查热点3]在too…to结构中常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。例如: It's too good a chance to miss. [考查热点4] 有些及物动词如cook,burn,print,prepare等有时会用进行时态表示被动含义。例如: The potatoes are cooking. The dictionary is printing. [考查热点5] 在“need/want/require+V-ing”及“bear/stand+V-ing”结构中用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,这时相当于不定式的被动式。例如: My car needs/wants/requires repairing.=My car needs/wants/requires to be repaired. [考查热点6]在There be句型中,something,anything,nothing等不定代词以及名词之后的不定式往往用主动形式表示被动含义。例如: There is nothing to do — I'm bored. There are six letters to write tonight. [考查热点7] be+to blame/to seek等结构具有的特点是作表语的不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系,因而用主动形式表被动含义。例如: A better way is to seek. Nobody is to blame for the accident. [考查热点8] 当不定式所修饰的名词或代词是及物动词的直接宾语,而间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语时,可以用不定式的主动式代替不定式的被动式。例如:

关于主动形式表示被动意义

关于主动形式表示被动意义、动词形态不对应、动词的语态 1. 连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为连系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式。如: The building looks very beautiful. 这座建筑看上去很美。 Your idea proved to be wrong. 你的想法证实是错的。 2. 当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 3. 有的动词本身含有被动意味,通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如: Her coat caught on the nail. 她的大衣被钉子钩住了。 Her eyes filled with tears. 她眼睛里充满了眼泪。 4. 不定式to blame, to let 用作表语时,通常要用主动表被动。如: Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢? The house is to let. 此屋出租。 5. 某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。如: The book is difficult to understand. 这书很难懂。 The music isn’t pleasant to listen to. 这音乐不好听。 The picture is interesting to look at. 这幅画看起来挺有趣的。 注:这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, tough, tricky, unpleasant 等。

九种动词主动表示被动的情况

九种动词主动表示被动含义的用法 1、Need,want,require(要求,需要),deserve(应得,值得),be worth值得),not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。 These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut)。你的头发该剪了。 2、不定式作定语,放在被修饰词后面,与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系,又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系,不定式要用主动表被动含义。 I have much work to do. 我有许多要做的事情。(与work有动宾关系,与I有主谓关系) Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间住的房间。(与room有动宾关系,与Tom 有主谓关系) He has a family to support.他要维持一个家庭。(与family有动宾关系,与he有主谓关系) 3、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时,结构:主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式;动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义,如difficult,easy,comfortable(舒适的),convenient(便利的,方便的),hard,cheap,expensive,等,不定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 The work is easy to do. 这项工作很好做。 I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得诗很难写。 4、在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame for starting the fire?这场火灾应由谁负责? You are to blame for the accident. 你应为这事受动责备。 The house is to let.此房出租。 A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。 5、系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sound (听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到),look(看起来),smell(闻起来)等,例如:Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。 6、一些与can’t(不能)或won’t(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上) ,open(打开),act(上演),write(写),cut(砍,切),wear(穿,戴)等,用作不及物动词时,用主动表被动。例如: The door won’t open.这门打不开。 It can’t move.它不能动。 7、一些动词如sell(销售) ,wash(洗),clean(打扫),burn(燃烧),cook(煮)等与副词如

中学英语中主动表被动常见的六种形式

中学英语中主动表被动常见的六种形式 英语动词,通常都是主动形式表主动意义、被动形式表被动意义。但在有些情况下,却要用主动形式表被动意义。现将这些情况总结如下: 1、某些系动词+形容词 常见的这类系动词有:look ,feel ,smell, sound, taste, prove, turn out(结果是,证明是)等。例如:This coat feels very soft and smooth. What he said sounds reasonable. The medicine tastes bitter. All he said proved (to be) true. The flowers smelling sweet (= which smell sweet) in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. (04上海) We wanted to get home before dark, but i t didn’t quite turn out as planned.(04浙江) 2、某些用作不及物意义的动词+副词 常见的这类动词有:wash, clean, cook, eat, drink, brew, fry, bake, iron, cut , dye , dry, sell, read, write, teach, translate, record, wear, draw, drive, ride, lock, unlock, close ,shut ,open, break, smoke, play, act, wind up, make up, blow, keep, burn, light , strike(划着), fire , pull, fill, begin, start, finish, complete, run(运转), stop, end, owe, print, move, let(出租), carry, handle, kill, , milk, pack, pick, split 等。 这时:(1)句子的主语通常指物。(2)用来表示主语的内在品质、特征、状态或性质。(3) 通常和副词 easily, well, quickly, smoothly, badly, poorly, nicely, wonderfully, perfectly, comfortably 等连用。例如: He paid all that was owing.

主动表被动

主动表被动 一、谓语动词用主动表被动的四种情形 (1) 连系动词没有被动语态形式(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,: That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。 Your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。 My advice proved to be wrong. 我的意见证实是错的。 (2) open, close, shut, lock, move等表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义: The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The supermarket doors shut automatically. 超市的门是自动关的。 【注】该用法的不及物动词通常与can’t, won’t 等连用 (3) read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry等表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义:The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 This cheese doesn’t cut easily. It’s too soft. 这乳酪不容易切,太软了。 This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 【注】该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly等副词连用 (4) 表示开始和结束的动词(begin, start,end等),当主语为事物,可用主动形式表示被动意义: When does the concert begin? 音乐会什么时候开始? The play ended at ten o’clock. 戏10点钟结束。 二、非谓语动词用主动表被动的六种情形 (1) 不定式to blame, to let,to seek用作表语时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame? 该怪谁呢? The house is to let. 此屋出租。 The reason is not far to seek. 这理由不难找到。 (2) 某些“be+形容词+to do”或者“动词+宾语+形容词++to do。结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义: The question is difficult to answer. 这问题很难回答。 Your writing is impossible to read. 你的书写没法认。 Do you think the water is safe to drink? 你认为这水喝起来安全吗? I found the car comfortable to ride in. That makes poetry difficult to write. 【注】这类结构的特点是句子主语就是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,按理说其中的不定式要用被动形式,但习惯上却要用主动表被动。这类形容词常见的有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, fit等。 (3) 不定式用于某些动词(如have, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,则要用主动形式表示被动意义:

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