2016年成都理工大学土力学真题(完整版)凯程首发
2016年成都理工土力学真题（完整版）
凯程首发
刚考完2016考研初试，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，所考专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。考研分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。
下面凯程老师把专业的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考研的同学使用，本试题凯程首发。
名词解释：1.库仑定律2.土的固结度3. 临塑荷载4.主动土压力5.砂土液化
填空：1. 告诉了G=2.7 天然密度=1.8g/cm3 w=18% 问：每立方米的气体体积是多少
2.
3.
4. e1=0.8 e2=0.6 土层厚H=3m 问：最终沉降量
5.
6.
简答： 1.基底压力分布的影响因素？以及基底压力直线分布的理由？（这道题我真是没复习到）
2.简述有效应力原理，并分析在等向荷载63的作用下，有效应力与孔隙水压力的变化？
3.简述抗剪强度的影响因素？
4.地基压缩p-s曲线分成哪三个阶段？以及各个阶段的特征。
论述：
1.传统分层总和法和规范修正法的异同？（我哭啊，20分一个啊。。）
2.土坡稳定计算中关键问题是什么？以及土坡稳定性的影响因素？
计算：只有一道题：告诉了内摩擦角=30o小主应力=200kpa u=180kpa 大主应力-小主应力=280kpa
求：1.破坏面的法向应力和剪应力，以及土体中的最大剪应力
2.为什么破坏不发生在最大剪应力面。
2016年考研英语一真题及答案
2016 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一） 真题及答案（完整版） Text 1 France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that" incite excessive thinness" by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health -as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman （and many men ）that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques . The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement. In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter's main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance. Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France [A] Physical beauty would be redefined [B] New runways would be constructed
土力学期末试题及答案
土力学期末试题及答案． 一、单项选择题 1．用粒径级配曲线法表示土样的颗粒组成 情况时，若曲线越陡，则表示土的 ( )
A．颗粒级配越好 B．颗粒级配越差C．颗粒大小越不均匀 D．不均匀系数越大 2．判别粘性土软硬状态的指标是 ( ) A．塑性指数 B．液性指数 C．压缩系数 D．压缩指数 3．产生流砂的充分而必要的条件是动水力( )
A．方向向下 B．等于或大于土的有效重度 C．方向向上 D．方向向上且等于或大于土的有效重度 4．在均质土层中，土的竖向自重应力沿深度的分布规律是 ( ) A．均匀的 B．曲线的 C．折线的 D．直线的 5．在荷载作用下，土体抗剪强度变化的原因是 ( ) A．附加应力的变化 B．总应力的变化C．有效应力的变化 D．自重应力的变化6．采用条形荷载导出的地基界限荷载P用于矩1/4． 形底面基础设计时，其结果 ( ) A．偏于安全 B．偏于危险 C．安全度不变 D．安全与否无法确定
7．无粘性土坡在稳定状态下（不含临界稳定）坡角β与土的内摩擦角φ之间的关系是( ) A．β<φ B．β=φ C．β>φ D．β≤φ 8．下列不属于工程地质勘察报告常用图表的是 ( ) A．钻孔柱状图 B．工程地质剖面图
C．地下水等水位线图 D．土工试验成果总表 9．对于轴心受压或荷载偏心距e较小的基础，可以根据土的抗剪强度指标标准值φk、Ck按公式确定地基承载力的特征值。偏心 为偏心方向的基础边长）Z（注：距的大小规定为( ) A．e≤ι/30 B．e≤ι/10 ．e≤b/2 DC．e≤b/4 对于含水量较高的粘性土，堆载预压法处理10. ( ) 地基的主要作用之一 是．减小液化的可能性A B．减小冻胀．消除湿陷性 D ．提高地基承载力C． 第二部分非选择题 11.建筑物在地面以下并将上部荷载传递至地基的结构称为____。
成都理工大学-传艺
传播科学与艺术学院 COLLEGE OF COMMUNICATIONS SCIENCE AND ART ◆教授（级）6人、副教授（级）17人 ◆摄制影视作品100余部（集） ◆世界民族电影节最佳音乐片奖 ◆中国电影金鸡奖 ◆中国广播影视大奖?飞天奖 ◆全国及省级“五个一”工程奖 ◆中国电视金鹰奖 ◆中国电视节目主持“金话筒”奖 ◆全国戏剧文化奖 ◆全国铜标识设计大赛银奖 ◆四川省政府教学成果：二等奖1项 ◆中国环境艺术青年设计师作品展银奖 专业设置 本科专业 广告学 广播电视学 广播电视编导 戏剧影视文学 播音与主持艺术 表演 音乐表演 视觉传达设计 环境设计 二级学科硕士学位授权点 传播学 广告学 招生类别：文理兼招 专业剖析：广告学涉及社会、文化、传播、经济等多种领域，主要研究广告创意、制作与经营管理的基本理论。本专业突出广告文化素养和创新能力相结合的办学特色，培养具备国际
广告视野，掌握新媒介背景下的广告及营销传播的基本理论和技能，能从事广告经营管理、策划创意与设计制作、市场调查等工作的复合型创新人才。 主干课程：广告学概论（双语课）、广告创意与策划、市场营销学、广告文案写作、网络营销等。 学制及学位：本专业学制四年，授予文学学士学位。 广播电视学 招生类别：文理兼招 专业剖析：融媒时代背景下的广播电视不仅是传播信息和输送娱乐的媒体，还担负着培育社会主义意识形态的重要职责。本专业培养学生具有良好的综合素质和广播电视新闻节目策划、制作及管理等方面的基本能力，能够在广播电视机构及其他媒体、企事业单位从事新闻采访、报道、编辑、主持、策划、管理等工作的广播电视应用型人才。 主干课程：新闻报道与写作、电视采访、电视新闻编辑、广播新闻业务、电视节目策划等。学制及学位：本专业学制四年，授予文学学士学位。 广播电视编导 招生类别：艺术 专业剖析：广播电视编导是广播电视行业中关于节目策划创意的行当，它构成了节目、栏目以至一个频道的核心。因此，本专业培养的是广播电视台的灵魂人物。本专业以“采、摄、编、播”一体化的培养特色，造就具有较高的政治素质、广博的文化知识、良好的艺术修养、宽阔的国际视野和娴熟的专业技能的复合型、创新型融媒艺术人才。 主干课程：电视编导基础、电视摄影与编辑、电视音乐音响、纪录片创作、非线性编辑技术等。 学制及学位：本专业学制四年，授予艺术学学士学位。 戏剧影视文学 招生类别：艺术 专业剖析：戏剧影视文学是戏剧影视行业中最前端的一个环节，是无数新创意和新理念诞生的源头，是一门关于电影、电视剧、戏剧的文学剧本创作的科学。本专业培养学生掌握戏剧与影视文学创作的相关技巧和理论知识，具备剧本创作能力、文艺作品评论能力以及文案策划能力，成为专业技能强、适应面广、综合素质高、富有创新意识的高级专门人才。 主干课程：基础写作、剧本写作、中外戏剧与电影史、中外经典剧作导读、电影美学等。 学制及学位：本专业学制四年，授予艺术学学士学位。 播音与主持艺术 招生类别：艺术 专业剖析：播音与主持处于广播电视的最前沿，凝聚了媒体创作活动的成果。随着国家传媒产业的飞速发展，社会迫切需要经过严格训练，口齿伶俐、形象气质俱佳、有较高文化底蕴的高级有声语言传播人才。本专业依托本校表演专业的优势，培养具有较高的文化艺术修养，具备广播电视播音与主持、新闻采访及影视表演等专业理论知识和技能，并掌握现代广播电视传媒手段，集“采、编、播、演”为一体的播音与主持艺术专业的高级专门人才。 主干课程：播音创作基础、节目主持艺术、文艺作品演播、表演理论与技巧、电视节目制作与剪辑等。 学制及学位：本专业学制四年，授予艺术学学士学位。
2015和2016专八考试真题
2016专八考试真题（现题，自2016年起） The following two excerpts are about Ice Bucket Challenge, an activity initiated to raise money and awareness for the disease ALS (渐冻症). From the excerpts, you can find that the activity seems to have achieved much success, but there have also been doubt and criticism. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. Summarize the development of ice bucket challenge activity, and then 2. Express your opinion towards the activity; especially whether the problem found with this kind of activity will finally undermine its original purpose. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. ALS Ice Bucket Challenge Takes U.S. by Storm In the last two weeks, the Ice Bucket Challenge? has quite literally ―soaked‖ the nation. Everyone from Ethel Kennedy to Justin Timberlake has poured a bucket of ice water over his other head and challenged others do the same or make a donation to fight ALS within twenty-four hours. Between July 29 and today, August 12, The ALS Association and its 38 chapters have received an astonishing $4 million in donations compared with $1.12 million during the same time period last year. With only about half of the general public knowledgeable about amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the Ice Bucket Challenge is making a profound difference. Since July 29, The Association has welcomed more than 70,000 new donors to the cause. “While the monetary donations are absolutely incredible,” said Newhouse, “the visibility that this disease is getting as a result of the challenge is truly invaluable. People who have never before heard of ALS are now engaged in the fight to find treatments and a cure for ALS.” Ice bucket challenge: who’s pouring cold water on the idea? The ice bucket challenge has certainly raised awareness. Whether that‘s primarily of the disease for which it is raising funds or the speed at which images of swimsuit-clad celebrities will go viral is a long-term question. More pertinent right now is whether or not the craze has reached a tipping point. As it lived by social media, so the ice bucket challenge could die by it. The state of California is currently experiencing one of the worst droughts on record. So these are more regarded as wasteful PR exercises than charitable gestures– and are being called out as such on Twitter.
2016考研英语二真题：小作文解析
2016考研英语二真题：小作文解析 Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend Jack wrote an email to congratulate you, and ask advice on translation. Write him a reply to 1)thank him; 2)give your advice. You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead. Do not write the address .(10 point) 如大家所见，这是2016年英语二小作文题目。英语（二）考纲的写作部分，其实主 要考查学生的应用能力，考查范围包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，还应能写一般 描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章；而要求考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词（标 点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文。 作为写作B部分的小作文总分10分，大家要抓住得分点。小作文在评分时有如下评分 要点：1.信息点——覆盖全面；2.内容——组织连贯；3.语言——准确性；4.格式——符 合要求；5.语域——恰当。 不出所料，今年英语二的小作文再次考查了书信体，并且考查的信件可以说是杂糅型的。这在2011年英语二中出现了同样的考查方式： Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admited to a university write him/her a letter to： （1）Congratulate him/her，and （2）give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter，Use zhangwei. 同样的考查方式，足以说明一件事情——绝对要重视考研真题。跨考教育英语教研室 的老师总在强调真题的重要性，希望大家以后一定要强化这种认识。 下面我们来详细解读下今年的小作文，首先看一下题目要求： 称呼： Dear Jack注意称呼中，后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。 正文 建议大家三步走策略——简洁、直接、明了：写作目的、写作是由、重申目的第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：写信目的，表明感谢来自朋友的祝贺；可以采用这样 的表达方式：I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest. 第二段：写作内容应以建议为主体。在这个过程中可以把日常我们如何提高的方式写 进正文，如讲究学习方式、注重坚持、多多接触外文文化及语境。那本篇老师主要从前两 个方面进行论述，表达如下：As regard to my experience, I would like to offer you some proposals in this part. At the top of list is the persistence due to the fact that you could deserve the position after days or years of efforts that you have had in the field. What’s more, you are supposed to pay more attention to the way in which you finish your major, for it plays a significant role in the process. 第三段：再次强调重申写信目的，如Thanks again and I do hope that my suggestions can be in favor of your future study. 落款： Yours sincerely, 特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢；签名： Li Ming特别注 意 Ming 后面一定不能出现句点。
(完整版)土力学期末试题及答案
一、单项选择题 1．用粒径级配曲线法表示土样的颗粒组成情况时，若曲线越陡，则表示土的 ( B ) A．颗粒级配越好 B．颗粒级配越差 C．颗粒大小越不均匀 D．不均匀系数越大 2．判别粘性土软硬状态的指标是 ( B ) A．塑性指数 B．液性指数 C．压缩系数 D．压缩指数 3．产生流砂的充分而必要的条件是动水力 ( D ) A．方向向下 B．等于或大于土的有效重度 C．方向向上 D．方向向上且等于或大于土的有效重度 4．在均质土层中，土的竖向自重应力沿深度的分布规律是 ( D ) A．均匀的 B．曲线的 C．折线的 D．直线的 5．在荷载作用下，土体抗剪强度变化的原因是 ( C ) A．附加应力的变化 B．总应力的变化 C．有效应力的变化 D．自重应力的变化 6．采用条形荷载导出的地基界限荷载P1/4用于矩形底面基础设计时，其结果 ( A ) A．偏于安全 B．偏于危险 C．安全度不变 D．安全与否无法确定 7．无粘性土坡在稳定状态下（不含临界稳定）坡角β与土的内摩擦角φ之间的关系是( A ) A．β<φB．β=φ
C．β>φ D．β≤φ 8．下列不属于工程地质勘察报告常用图表的是 ( C ) A．钻孔柱状图 B．工程地质剖面图 C．地下水等水位线图 D．土工试验成果总表 9．对于轴心受压或荷载偏心距e较小的基础，可以根据土的抗剪强度指标标准值φk、Ck 按公式确定地基承载力的特征值。偏心距的大小规定为（注：Z 为偏心方向的基础边长） ( ) A．e≤ι/30 B．e≤ι/10 C．e≤b/4 D．e≤b/2 10.对于含水量较高的粘性土，堆载预压法处理地基的主要作用之一是 ( C ) A．减小液化的可能性 B．减小冻胀 C．提高地基承载力 D．消除湿陷性 第二部分非选择题 11.建筑物在地面以下并将上部荷载传递至地基的结构称为____。 12.土的颗粒级配曲线愈陡，其不均匀系数C u值愈____。 13.人工填土包括素填土、冲填土、压实填土和____。 14.地下水按埋藏条件可分为上层滞水、________和承压水三种类型。 15.在计算地基附加应力时，一般假定地基为均质的、应力与应变成________关系的半空间。 16.前期固结压力大于现有土自重应力的土称为________土。 17.土的抗剪强度指标在室内通过直接剪切试验、三轴压缩试验和________验测定。 18.无粘性土土坡的稳定性大小除了与土的性质有关外，还与____有关。 19.墙后填土为粘性土的挡土墙，若离填土面某一深度范围内主动土压力强度为零，则该深
2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题.pdf
2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题
绝密★启用前 2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 管理类专业硕士联考 2016年管理类专硕联考英语(二)试题及详解 考生注意事项 1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则 2. 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类 型答题卡上的答案无效。 3. 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试 卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。 4 .交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考 生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence___1___firms work, too. Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.___2___, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ___3___ for making investments for the future. The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ___5___the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ___6___by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. ___7___enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were ___8___.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various ___10___that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ___13___to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less ___14___managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was ___15___stronger in places where happiness was spread more ___16___.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality. ___17___this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ___18___at that possibilit y. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ___20___R&D m ore than the average,” said one researcher. 1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when 2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion
成都理工大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试(819土力学)试题
成都理工大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试（819土力学）试题 一、名词解释 1. 地基容许承载力 2. 土的固结度 3. 压缩系数 4. 被动土压力 5. 基地附加压力 6. 地基沉降计算深度 二、填空题 1. 黏性土的软硬状态由划分，据其将黏性土分为坚硬、硬塑、可塑、软塑、流塑5种不同状态。 2. 在荷载作用下，建筑物地基的破坏通常是由于承载力不足引起的剪切破坏，地基剪切破坏的形式可分为整体剪切破坏、和三种。 3. 已知某天然地基上的浅基础，基础底面尺寸为3.50m×5.00m，埋深d=2.00m，由上部结构传下的竖向荷载F=4500.00KN，则基底压力等于KPa。 4. 某薄层天然地基，土的孔隙比为0.8，在建筑物荷载作用下其压缩稳定后的空隙比为0.6，若地基压缩层厚度为3m，则该建筑物的最终沉降量等于。 5. 渗透破坏主要有和两种基本形式。 6. 由于的存在，黏性土坡不会像无黏性土坡一样沿坡表滑动。 7. 朗肯土压力理论与库伦土压力理论计算所得土压力相同的情况是。
三、判断题 1. 渗透力的大小和水力坡降成正比，其方向与渗流方向一致。 2. 在一般压力作用下，土体的压缩主要是由土粒受压破碎产生的。 3. 瑞典条分法的计算原理能满足整个滑动土体的整体力矩平衡条件，但对每一个土条本身的力矩平衡是不满足的。 4. 在土压力的计算中，当墙后填土有地下水时，一般对黏性土采用水土分算法，对无黏性土常采用水土合算法。 5. 对于透水性好的砂性土，无论处于饱和还是非饱和状态，其沉降计算均可按照瞬时沉降考虑。 6. 若不透水土层在地下水位以下时，该层土的自重应力应取有效重度来计算。 7. 建立土的极限平衡条件的依据是整个莫尔圆位于抗剪强度包线下方的几何关系。 四、简答题 1. 简述均布条形荷载作用下地基中竖向附加附加应力的分布规律。 2. 画图说明典型的地基载荷试验p-s曲线上土体变形的三个阶段，简述这三个阶段的特征及其界限荷载。 3. 简述有效应力原理，并分析在对饱和黏性土样施加各向相等的压力后，土样孔隙水压力和有效应力的变化过程。 4. 简述库伦公式与莫尔-库伦强度理论。 五、论述题
《土力学》期末试卷及答案
《土力学》期末试卷及答案 一、填空题(每空1分,共20分) 1、无粘性土的性质主要取决于颗粒的粒径、级配 2、用三轴试验测定土的抗剪强度指标，在其它条件都相同的情况下，测的抗剪强度指标值最大的是固结排水剪切、试验，最小的是不固结不排水剪切试验。 3、评价粗颗粒土粒径级配的指标有不均匀系数、曲率系数和。 4、τf表示土体抵抗剪切破坏的极限能力，当土体中某点的剪应力τ=τf时，土体处 于状态；τ>τf时，土体处于状态；τ<τf时，土体处于状态。 5、桩按受力分为和。 6、用朗肯土压力理论计算土压力时，挡土墙墙背因、，墙后填土表面因。 7、桩的接头方式有、和。 8、建筑物地基变形的特征有、、和倾斜四种类型。 二、选择题(每小题2分,共10分) 1、采用搓条法测定塑限时，土条出现裂纹并开始断裂时的直径应为（） (A)2mm (C) 4mm(D) 5mm 2、《地基规范》划分砂土的密实度指标是（） (A)孔隙比(B)相对密度(D) 野外鉴别 3、建筑物施工速度较快，地基土的透水条件不良，抗剪强度指标的测定方法宜选用（） B）固结不排水剪切试验（C）排水剪切试验（D）直接剪切试验 4、地基发生整体滑动破坏时，作用在基底的压力一定大于（）。 （A）临塑荷载（B）临界荷载（D）地基承载力 5、夯实深层地基土宜采用的方法是 ( ) （B）分层压实法（C）振动碾压法（D）重锤夯实法 三、简答题(每小题5分,共20分) 1、直剪试验存在哪些缺点？ 2、影响边坡稳定的因素有哪些？ 3、产生被动土压力的条件是什么？ 4、什么是单桩竖向承载力？确定单桩承载力的方法有哪几种？ 四、计算题(共50分) 1、某土样重180g，饱和度S r=90%，相对密度为2.7，烘干后重135g。若将该土样压密，使其干密度达到1.5g/cm3。试求此时土样的天然重度、含水量、孔隙比和饱和度。（10分） 1、解：由已知条件可得原土样的三相数值为： m=180g m s=135g m w=180－135=45g V s=135/2.7=50cm3 V w=45 cm3 V v=45/0.9=50cm3 V=50＋50=100 cm3 土样压密后的三相数值为：V=135/1.5=90cm3 V v=90－50=40 cm3 V w=40 cm3 m w=40g m=135＋40=175g γ=175/90×10=19.4 kN/m3 w=40/135×40%=30% e=40/50=0.8
2010年英语专八真题答案
2010年专八真题听写参考答案 1 tones of voice 2 huskiness 3 universal signal; 4 thought or uncertainty 5 indifference 6 honesty 7 distance; 8 situation; 9 mood; 10 unconsciously same posture 特邀著名国内英语考试郑家顺教授分享2010年专八考试权威答案，以下为听力部分 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7.C 8. D 9. D 10. A11.A 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.D16.C 17.C 18.A 19.D 20.B21. A 22.B 23. B 24.B 25. C26.A 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C 2010年专八真题改错原文 So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is, every language appears to be as well equipped as any other to say the things its speakers want to say. It may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or psychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benares brass. But this is not the fault of their language. The Eskimos can speak about snow with a great deal more precision and subtlety than we can in English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those sometimes miscalled ’primitive’) is inherently more precise and subtle than English. This example does not bring to light a defect in English, a show of unexpected ’primitiveness’. The position is simply and obvio usly that the Eskimos and the English live in different environments. The English language would be just as rich in terms for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which English was habitually used made such distinction important. Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture or cricket if these topics formed part of the Eskimos’ life. For obvious historical reasons, Englishmen in the nineteenth century could not talk about motorcars with the minute discrimination which is possible today: cars were not a part of their culture. But they had a host of terms for horse-drawn vehicles which send us, puzzled, to a historical dictionary when we are reading Scott or Dickens. How many of us could distinguish between a chaise, a landau, a victoria, a brougham, a coupe, a gig, a diligence, a whisky, a calash, a tilbury, a carriole, a phaeton, and a clarence ? 2010年专八真题改错参考答案 1 be后插入as; 2 their改为its; 3 There改为It; 4 Whereas改为But 5 further 改为much 6 come改为bring; 7 similar改为different; 8 will改为would; 9 as important去掉as; 10 the part去掉the 2010年专八真题人文知识参考答案 31、D；32、A；33、D；34、A；35、C；36、D；37、A；38、A；39、C；40、B。 2010年专八真题汉译英参考答案 Friends tend to become more intimated if they have the same interests and temper, they can get along well and keep contacting; otherwise they will separate and end the relationship. Friends who are more familiar and closer can not be too casual and show no respect. Otherwise the harmony and balance will be broken, and the friendship will also be nonexistent any more. Everyone hopes to have his own private space, and if too casual among friends, it is easy to invade this piece of restricted areas, which will lead to the conflict, resulting in alienation. It may be a small matter to be rude to friends; however, it is likely to plant the devastating seeds. The best way to keep the close relationship between friends is to keep contacts with restraint, and do not bother each other. 2010年专八真题英译汉参考答案 我想那是五月的一个周日的早晨；那天是复活节，一个大清早上。我站在自家小屋的门口。就在我的面前展现出了那么一番景色，从我那个位置其实能够尽收眼底，可是梦里的感觉往往如此，由于梦幻的力量，这番景象显得超凡出尘，一派肃穆气象。群山形状相同，其山脚下都有着同样可爱的山谷；不过群山挺然参天，高于阿尔卑斯峰，诸山相距空旷，丰草如茵，林地开阔，错落其间；树篱上的白玫瑰娟娟弥望；远近看不见任何生物，唯有苍翠的教堂庭院里，牛群静静地卧躺在那片郁郁葱葱的墓地歇息，好几头围绕着一个小孩的坟墓。我曾对她一腔柔情，那年夏天是在旭日东升的前一刻，那孩子死去了，我如同当年那样望着牛群。 2010年专八真题作文参考答案 The important role of a city’s local conditions in the urban design Recently there is a hot debate on a report that a foreign design company invited by a little-known mountainous area in Guiyang provided a design without paying too much attention to the city’s unique characteristics. Some people appreciate the bold innovation of the design but others do not like it. In my opinion, any urban design should take the city’s original cultural heritage into account. The designers should suit their design to local conditions and try to take advantage of the local resources.