(完整版)环境专业英语
环境：environment 环境工程： environmental engineering
环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness
环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect
环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements
环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry
环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality
环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing
水环境：watershed 水体：water body 流域：watershed
水质：water quality 水资源：water resources 供水：water supply
废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment
物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant
生物性水质指标： biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard
化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality index
物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening 生物处理：biological treatment
沉淀：sedimentation 化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation
物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment 蒸发：evaporation 稀释：dilution 扩散：dispersion 吹脱：stripping
好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：bio-membrane process
厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters
活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact
SBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯 Styrene Butadiene Rubber
UASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification
一级处理：primary treatment 二级处理：secondary treatment
三级处理：tertiary treatment 高级氧化处理：advanced treatment
生活污水：domestic wastewater 生产废水：industrial wastewater
城市生活污水：municipal wastewater 电镀废水：metalplating plants
印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater 浊度：turbidity
硬度：hardness 水质净化：water quality purifies
混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent 活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption
隔油池：oil separation tank 中和池：neutralization tank 调节池：adjusting tank 生物反应池：biological reactor 加药设备：physical equipment
沉淀池：sedimentation tank 初沉池：primary sedimentation tank
二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank 絮凝剂：flocculant
混凝剂：coagulate flocculant 生物降解：biodegradation
生物累积：bioaccumulation 飘尘：floating dust
可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles 能见度：visibility 酸雨：acid rain
一次污染物： primary pollutant 二次污染物：secondary pollutant
氮氧化物：nitrogen oxides 硫氧化物：sulfur oxides
硫化氢：hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物：carbon oxides 硝酸：nitric acid
盐酸：hydrochloric acid 硫酸：sulfuric acid 二氧化硫：sulfur dioxide
除尘工艺：Dust removal 吸收：absorption 吸附：adsorption
静电除尘：electric dust precipitation 重力除尘：gravitational settling 臭氧：ozone
光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke 喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging
土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity EIA：environmental impact assessment
CAD（计算机辅助设计）：computer aided design 大气污染控制工程：air pollution control 水污染控制工程：water pollution control 固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management 污染源：pollution source 同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes
危险废物：hazardous wastes 化学污泥chemical sludge
生物污泥：biological sludge 工业固废：industrialwastes 分选处理：separation treatment 矿业固废：mine solid wastes 破碎处理：processing 农业固废：agriculture solid wastes 压实处理：reduction in volume 污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge
污泥浓缩：sludge thickening 带式压滤：Belt filter press
离心脱水：centrifugal dewatering 筛分：screening 沼气和沼气化：biogas
堆肥和堆肥化：compost and composting 生物转化作用：biotransformation
热解与焚烧：pyrolysis and incineration 热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical
固化和稳定化作用：solidification and stabilization 资源化：resource
减量化：pollution control 无害化：harmlessness 物质转化：material conversion
固体废物全过程控制：solid waste integrated control
固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution 处置：disposal 物质回收：materials recovery control 固体废物处理：processing and recovery 能量回收：energy recovery
能量转化：energy conversion
environmental science 环境科学 environmental engineering 环境工程 waste reduction 废物减量化 air pollution control 大气污染控制 wastewater treatment 污水处理
solid waste treatment and disposal 固体废物处理与处置 soil erosion 水土流
失 thermal pollution 热污染 biological communities 生物群落 ecosystem 生态系统
green science and technology 绿色科技和技术 primary pollutant: 一次污染
物 secondary pollutant: 二次污染物 carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳 methane: 甲烷
fossil fuel: 化石（矿物）燃料 power plant: 电厂
hydroelectric power: 水力发电 clean energy: 清洁能源 renewable energy:可再生能
源 automobile exhaust (emission): 汽车尾气 greenhouse effect (gas): 温室效应（气
体） air pollution control engineering: 大气污染控制工程 cyclone: 旋风除尘器
pressure drop: 压力损失，压力降baghouse: 袋式除尘器
operating temperature: 操作温度spray tower:喷淋塔 sanitary landfill:卫生填埋
municipal wastewater=sewage=domestic sewage= sanitary sewage: 市政污水，生活污
水 point source: 点源non-point source: 非点源（面源） pretreatment: 预处理
primary treatment: 初（一）级处理 secondary treatment: 二级处理
tertiary or advanced treatment: 三级处理，深度处理 trickling filter: 滴滤池 activated sludge: 活性污泥 bar rack or screen: 格栅 grit chamber: 沉砂池 equalization tank: 调节
池 primary settling tank: 初沉池secondary settling tank: 二沉池
sustainable development: 可持续发展 recycling economy: 循环经济
the sources and sinks of pollutants: 污染物的源与汇 aeration tank: 曝气池
aerator: 曝气池，曝气器 sedimentation tank: 沉淀池 disinfection: 消毒 eutrophication: 富营养化 oxidation ditch: 氧化沟 aerobic decomposition 好氧分解 anoxic decomposition缺氧分
解 anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解 hydraulic retention time: （水力）停留时间
flue gas: 烟气 biodegradable: 可生物降解的 refractory: 难降解的（常用）
nondegradable: 不可降解的 acoustical material: 声学材料 soil conditioner: 土壤改良
剂 extreme temperature: 极端温度 environmental quality: 环境质
量Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water 地表水环境质量标准
Ambient Air Quality Standards 环境空气质量标准
Environmental Quality Standards for Noise 声环境质量标准缩略词：
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment, 环境影响评价 SS：Suspended Solid 悬浮物
BOD：Biochemical Oxygen Demand 生化需氧量 COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand 化学需氧量 TOC: Total Organic Carbon 总有机碳
WWTP : Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水处理厂 SBR: Sequencing Batch Reactor 序批式反应池 RBC: Rotating Biological Contactor 生物转盘 SRT: Sludge Retention Time 污泥龄（污泥停留时间） EPA: Environmental Protection Agency 环境保护署
ISO: International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组
织 EMS: Environmental Management System 环境管理系统 RS: Remote Sensing 遥感GPS: Global Positioning System 全球定位系统 GIS: Geographic Information System 地理信息系统 TSP: Total Suspended Particulates 总悬浮颗粒物
环境科学与工程专业英语翻译
第二单元环境工程 这本书主要关于什么？ 这本书的目标是使工程和科学的学生了解学科间的研究环境问题：它们的起因，为什么它们被关注，我们怎么控制它们。这本书包括： ●描述环境和环境系统意味着什么 ●关于环境破坏基础原因的信息 ●理解环境问题本质和能够定量计算它们所必要的基本科学知识 ●目前运用在水,空气,污染问题的环境控制技术的状况 ●我们目前在很多关于理解和控制人类活动、自然之间复杂相互作用的科学知识上存在着相当大的空白 ●很多环境问题能运用目前的技术消除或减少，但因为社会缺少意愿这么做或在很多例子中因为缺乏资源去这样做，这些环境问题没有被处理 一些重要的定义： 在这本书中，它们第一次被使用，定义被以大写或印刷成黑体字的形式展示 环境是围绕在我们周围的物质生命的栖息地，在这儿我们能看到,听到,触摸,闻到,和品尝到 系统依据韦氏字典,被定义为“一组或一系列能形成一个整体或者有机整体的相互关联的事物”，例如，太阳系统，灌溉系统，供应系统，世界和宇宙。 污染被定义为“在大气，水或土地中的物质的，化学的或生物的特性的不合意的改变，这一改变有害地影响人类或其它生物的健康，生存，或活动”。 当改进环境质量的目标被用来改进人类福利，“环境”一词扩展成包括所有的社会，经济和文化方面的内容。这一扩展在许多真实情况下是不可行的以及在一本被设计为一学期课程的教科书中也是不实际的。我们对环境问题的考察因此限于我们对“环境”的定义。 系统的相互作用 许多不同的环境问题都与水，空气或土地系统有关联。许多这些问题都只适用于这些系统中的一个，这为这些种类中的细目分类提供了充分的理由。这样的分类也更有用于及易于理解一个系统内的相关问题。而且，这样做是明智的，这是因为由于管理上的和行政上的原因，这些有关空气污染，水供应，废水处理和固体废物处理的子域通常由政府机构分别处理。 很遗憾的是，很多重要的环境问题不仅仅限制于空气，水或土地系统，还包括系统间的相互作用。现在举个例子，酸雨问题起源于从发电站烟囱，冶炼厂和汽车尾气中向大气排放的含硫二氧化物和氮氧化物。接着这些气体由气流运输到广阔的区域，降雨“将它们洗去”，产生了有害于水生生命，森林和农作物的酸雨。两个有关于系统间相互作用引起的环境问题有：空气中的二氧化碳的增加的全球问题，及通常具有地域性质的酸雨问题。 环境问题 许多对我们生活标准的主要改进能被归因于科学和技术的运用。这里举一些例子，你能想出其它例子吗？ ●生产更多及更好质量的食物 ●创造能避免极端环境的保护所和生存空间 ●快速和可靠的运输方法的建立 ●各种交流系统的发明 ●代替人类和动物体力的机器的发明 ●安全水的供应和废物处理 ●对很多传染疾病的消除
环境工程专业英语汇总
专业英语 环境：environment 环境工程：environmental engineering 环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect 环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements 环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry 环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality 环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing 水环境：watershed 水体：water body 流域：watershed 水质：water quality 水资源：water resources 供水：water supply 废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment 物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant 生物性水质指标：biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard 化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality index DS：dissolved solids BOD：biochemical oxygen demand TDS：total dissolved solids COD：chemical oxygen demand TSS：total suspended solids DO：dissolved oxygen TOC：total organic carbon PH值： TN：总氮total nitrogen TP：总磷phosphorus Zn：zinc Cu：Copper As：arsenic Cd：Cadmium Cr：chromium Ni：Nickel Hg：mercury Pb：plumbum 物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening 生物处理：biological treatment 沉淀：sedimentation 化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation 物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment 蒸发：evaporation 稀释：dilution 扩散：dispersion 吹脱：stripping 好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：bio-membrane process 厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters 活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact SBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯Styrene Butadiene Rubber UASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket 活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification 一级处理：primary treatment 二级处理：secondary treatment 三级处理：tertiary treatment 高级氧化处理：advanced treatment 生活污水：domestic wastewater 生产废水：industrial wastewater 城市生活污水：municipal wastewater 电镀废水：metalplating plants 印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater 浊度：turbidity 硬度：hardness 水质净化：water quality purifies 混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent 活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption
(完整版)英语专业综合教程2课后题翻译答案
Unit1 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。 Thanks to advanced technology, the film about the ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2. 在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来。（devastate）That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。 The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4．那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。（leave behind） In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才完成。 The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6. 1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with） In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree. 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。 It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm. 8.在电影界要达到顶峰时非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。 It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it. Unit2 1. 如今很多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。（vain, be obsessed with） Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2．当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了。（affair, fall apart） Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受。(inspiration, deny oneself something) For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life. 4．我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行，因为这要取决于会不会下雨。(excursion, at the mercy of) I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is
环境工程专业英语期末试卷标准卷
晓庄学院期末考试试卷 （ 07 级 环境工程 专业2010 ～2011 学年度 第 一 学期） 课程名称 环境工程专业英语 A 卷 考试形式 闭卷 考核类型 考试 本试卷共 六 大题，卷面满分100分，答题时间120分钟。 一、 请根据缩写写出单词全称：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. VOC ：Volatile Organic Compounds 2. APC ：Air Pollution Control 3. SS ：Suspended Solids 4. COD ：Chemical Oxygen Demand 5. EIA ： Environmental Impact Assessment （评分标准：每小题中单词全部写对，不论大小写，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。） 二、 请写出下列术语的英文表达：（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 1. 城市污水：municipal wastewater 2. 废水处理：wastewater disposal 3. 沉降池:sedimentation tank 4. 消毒:disinfection
5. 絮凝作用:flocculation （评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；错一个单词得1分；错两个及以上单词，得0分。） 三、 请根据下列英文解释写出相应的英文词汇：（本题共4小题，每题2分，共10分） 1. The physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us. Environment 2. A natural gas which is formed from decaying matter and burns easily, sometimes causes explosions in mines. Methane 3. Too many people in a given area, too high a population density. Overpopulation 4. The process by which water passes through a membrane that is impermeable to dissolved ions. Osmosis 5. A kind of chemical which can speed up/down a chemical reaction rate. Catalyst （评分标准：每小题中所用单词意思基本吻合，单词拼写正确，且单词词态正确，得2分；否则得0分。） 四、阅读理解：（本题共20分，每小题2分） Passage1 A growing number of these attractions now allow customers to print e-tickets at home with large discounts off the gate price, in part to spur attendance that has declined in recent years. After boom times in the late 1990s, theme park attendance began to decrease, with an overall decline of about 4% over the past few years at North America’s 50 most- visited establishments, says James Zola, editor of Amusement
英语专业综合教程4课后翻译及句子解释
Unit1 1, There has been this long lull with nothing particular turning up! you are beginning to be anxious because there has been no progress of the war in such a long quiet period… 2,we must "...meet with Triumph and Disaster. And treat those two impostors just the same." We are sure to experience both Triumph and Disaster and we must treat them as the same thing taking different appearances because they are essentially interchangeable. 3,never give in, except to convictions of honor and good sense Never give in unless we are convinced that it is honorable and sensible for us to do so. 4,Britain, other nations thought, had drawn a sponge across her slate. Britain, in other nations’ eyes, was completely wiped out/conquered. 5,we have only to persevere to conquer. … we have no choice but to hold on until victory comes. Unit2 1, The phrase "personal space" has a quaint, seventies ring to it The phrase “personal space” sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the seventies…2, T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring (or much, much less). … I have suspected that maybe the cause (of the space invasion) is the season: summer may either make people want to be closer to each other or more likely, to keep a distance between each other. 3, The logistics of it vary according to geography people in different regions are given different size of personal space. 4, individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes. …individuals, as usual, occupy the booths and seats which are desi gned for four people. 5,In the same way that the breeze from a butterfly's wings in Japan may eventually produce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space. Because the initial invasion of personal space can cause a chain of reactions, which may bring about a catastrophic consequence, as the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan, if it initiates a chain of waves, may eventually produce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to enlarge the shrinking personal space. Unit3 1,Given the relatively few restrictions governing access and usage, it is the communications modal equivalent of international waters As there are relatively few restrictions for reaching and using the Internet, communications via the Internet are comparable to traveling through the international waterways. 2,But much less widely reported has been the notion that the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by alienating its individual users A lot of people talk about the “new information age”, but not so many people are acquainted with the idea that the Internet separates people form each other and fragments society further as a result
环境科学专业英语名词解释
【环境】相对于某中心事物而言的周围境况。与某一中心事物有关的周围事物，就是这个事物的环境。 【生态环境】生态环境指生物体周围的其他生物和无机自然界，以及与作为主体的生物之间存在着种种客观的生存、营养关系和因果关系。 【环境科学】环境科学是研究人类与环境之间相互关系的科学，涉及自然科学、社会科学和技术科学，综合性很强。 【人类生态系统】人类生态系统，是指居民与其生存环境相互作用的网络结构，也是人类对自然环境适应、加工、改造而建造起来的人工生态系统。 【恒星】由炽热气体组成的、能自己发光的天体,维持恒星辐射的能源主要是热核反应。 因短期内很难发现它们位置的相对变化,故名恒星。 【脉冲星】脉冲星，就是一种变化的恒星。因为这种星体不断地发射短暂而极有规律的电磁脉冲信号 【新星】光度突然增加的爆发性恒星。 【行星】行星指的是围绕太阳运转、自身引力足以克服其刚体力而使天体呈圆球状、并且能够清除其轨道附近其他物体。 【卫星】围绕行星运行的天体。卫星本身不发光，大小、质量相差极大，运动特性很不一致。【星云】星云银河系内太阳系以外一切非恒星状的气体尘埃云。 【地球】地球是太阳的从里往外数第三颗行星，距太阳大约有150000000公里。地球每365.256 天绕太阳运行一圈，每23.9345小时自转一圈。它的直径为12756公里，只比金星大了一百多公里。 【高原】海拔高程在600m以上，表面较为平坦或略有起伏，四周常有崖壁与较低的地形单元分界。 【丘陵】地表起伏不大、山峦林立的低矮地形 【平原】地势宽广平坦，或略有起伏。海拔高程在200m以下的称为低平原。 【盆地】四周是高原或山地，中央低平的地区，外形似盆而得名。 【地球自转】地球绕其本身轴线的旋转运动。与太阳系的大多数行星一样，自转的方向是自西向东,从从北极上空向下看，为逆时针旋转 【太阳日】以太阳作参照，地球上的任意一点连续两次经过地心与太阳圆面中心连线的时间间隔，其长度是24小时。 【太阴日】月球作为参照，地球上任意一点连续两次经过地心与月球圆面中心连线的时间间隔，其长度是24小时50分。 【自转线速度】线速度是指地球上某点在单位时间内绕地轴所转过的线距离 【自转角速度】除南北两极外，地球各处的角速度都相同，平均角速度大约为每日360°，或每小时15°。 【赤道】地球绕轴自转，称自转轴，亦称地轴。地轴与地球表面的交点，称地球两极。过地轴中点且垂直于地轴的平面与地球表面的交线，称为赤道。 【地球公转】地球沿一定轨道围绕太阳的运动，称为公转。从地球北极高空看来，地球的公转方向也是自西向东，呈逆时针方向。 【近日点、远日点】每年大约1月3日，地球最接近太阳，此时的位置称为近日点；大致7月4日，地球最远离太阳，此时的位置称为远日点。 【春分点秋分点】赤道面与天球相交的大圆，叫天赤道，黄道面与天球相交的大圆，称为黄道。天赤道与黄道有两交点，分别为春分点和秋分点；春分点与秋分点之间的两个中点分别称为夏至点和冬至点 【黄赤交角】地球的公转轨道面．叫黄道面，是通过地心的一个平面，和地轴成66°34′
环境资源词汇(中英文对照)
大气ATMOSPHERE 大气组成 Atmospheric composition 空气质量 Air quality 大气化学 Atmospheric chemistry 大气成分 Atmospheric components 大气颗粒物 Atmospheric particulates 二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide 温室气体 Greenhouse gases 氧气 Oxygen 臭氧层 Ozone layer 大气过程 Atmospheric processes 空气－水相互作用 Air-water interaction 大气环流 Atmospheric circulation 大气降水 Atmospheric precipitation 碳循环 Carbon cycle 蒸发作用 Evaporation 降水增加 Precipitation enhancement 降雨 Rainfall 太阳辐射 Solar radiation 蒸腾作用 Transpiration 风 Winds 空气污染 Air pollution 酸雨 Acid rain
空气污染物 Air pollutants 氯氟碳 Chlorofluorocarbons 沉降的颗粒物 Deposited particulate matter 飞灰 Fly ash 雾 Fog 薄烟 Haze 空内空气污染 Indoor air pollution 烟雾 Smog 气候问题 Climatic issues 农业气象学 Agrometeorology 气候 Climate 气候变化 Climatic change 气候带 Climatic zones 干旱 Drought 全球变暖 Global warming 温室效应 Greenhouse effect 湿度 Humidity 微气候影响 Microclimate effects 海平面上升 Sea level rise 人工影响天气 Weather modification 岩石圈 LITHOSPHERE 固态地球 Solid Earth
新世纪英语专业综合教程(第二版)第1册 单词
综合教程1 unit1 anguish n. 痛苦；苦恼vt. 使极度痛苦 vi. 感到极度的痛苦 beloved n. 心爱的人；亲爱的教友 adj. 心爱的；挚爱的 breathing n. 呼吸；瞬间；微风 adj. 呼吸的；逼真的 v. 呼吸（breathe的现在分词） confront vt. 面对；遭遇；比较 conspicuously adv. 显著地，明显地；超群地，惹人注目地 evil n. 罪恶，邪恶；不幸 adj. 邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的 gracefully adv. 优雅地；温文地 gravely adv. 严重地；严肃地；严峻地；沉重地 haven n. 港口；避难所，安息所 vt. 为……提供避难处；安置……于港中 hoarse adj. 嘶哑的 kneel vi. 跪下，跪 note n. 笔记；音符；票据；注解；纸币；便笺；照会；调子vt. 注意；记录；注解part n. 部分；角色；零件adj. 部分的 vt. 分离；分配；分开adv. 部分地 vi. 断裂；分手 porch n. 门廊；走廊 rest n. 休息，静止；休息时间；剩余部分；支架vt. 使休息，使轻松；把…寄托于vi. 休息；静止；依赖；安置 rosebush n. 蔷薇丛；玫瑰丛；灌木 shudder n. 发抖；战栗；震动 vi. 发抖；战栗 summon vt. 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作 bring back 拿回来；使…恢复；使…回忆起来 give in v. 屈服；让步；交上 hand in hand 手拉手地；联合 have sth. in common 有共同之处 laughter and tears lock sth. away through one’s tears well up 涌出；流露；萌发
环境科学与工程专业英语
环境科学与工程专业英语 U3 What is waste reduction/waste minimization? 1.句子英译中 (1)Raw materials that lose their usefulness because they sit on shelf too long become wasted. 因搁置太久而失去使用价值的原料变成废品。 (2）Poor cleaning of parts or inadequate dragout time will reduce the usefulness of the process chemicals, increase the cost of waste disposal, and the cost of chemical replacement. 不洁部分或废酸洗液的时间不足会导致反应物利用率不高，增加废物处理费用和替代物质费用。 （3）Lockheed successfully switched from an alkaline cyanide cadmium bath to an acidic noncyanide cadminum bath.洛克希德成功地把碱性氰化物镉水浴转变成为了酸性非氰化物镉水浴。 （4）Don’t try to reinvent the wheel. Develop networking partners to share ideas. 不要走老路。结识合作伙伴，分享理念。 2.词组英译中 Waste reduction/waste minimization 垃圾减量化/垃圾最小化；in-process 在…过程中；housekeeping家务管理；equipment modification设备改进；landfills废物填埋场；biodegradable solvents能进行生物降解的溶剂； volatile chemicals稳定的化学物质；management commitment管理委员会。 U4 Test : Environmental Analysis 1.词组英译中 Precision and accuracy准确度和精确度；bulk collection批量收集；matrix material基体材料（基质）； Analysis sequence分析序列；multivariate statistics多元统计；interactive effect相互影响；insofar在…范围下；Overall analytical scheme整体分析方案。 5.translate paragraph 1—4 into Chinese. Environment analysis involves the performance of chemical，physical，and biological measurements in an environmental system . This system may involve either the natural or the polluted environment，although the term “environmental analysis”is increasingly used to refer only to situations in which measurements are made of pollutants . Normally，four types of measurements are made：qualitative analysis to identify the species present；quantitative analysis to determine how much of the species is present；speciation or characterization to establish details of chemical form and the manner in which the pollutant is actually present (such as being adsorbed onto the surface of a particle)；and impact analysis in which measurements are made for the specific purpose of determining the extent to which an environmental impact is produced by the pollutants in question . The overall objective of environmental analysis is to obtain information about both natural and pollutant species present in the environment so as to make a realistic assessment of their probable behavior . In the case of pollutants，this involves assessment of their actual or potential environmental impact，which may be manifest in several ways . Thus，a pollutant species may present a toxicological hazard to plants or animals .It may also cause contamination of resources (such as air，water，and soil) so that they cannot be utilized for other purposes . The effects of pollutants on materials，especially building materials，may be another area of concern and one which is often very visible and displeasing (for example，the defacing of ancient statues by dioxide in the atmosphere) . A further area of environmental impact involves esthetic depreciation such as reduced visibility，dirty skies，and unpleasant odors .Finally，it is important to recognize that an environmental impact may not always be discernible by normal human perception so that detection may require sophisticated chemical or physical analyses .
环境专业英语词汇
环境专业英语词汇 大气Atmosphere 大气组成Atmospheric composition 空气质量Air quality 大气化学Atmospheric chemistry 大气成分Atmospheric components大气颗粒物Atmospheric particulates二氧化碳Carbon dioxide温室气体Greenhouse gases 氧气 Oxygen臭氧层 Ozone layer大气过程 Atmospheric processes 空气－水相互作用 Air-water interaction大气环流 Atmospheric circulation大气降水 Atmospheric precipitation碳循环 Carbon cycle 蒸发作用 Evaporation降水增加 Precipitation enhancement 降雨 Rainfall太阳辐射 Solar radiation蒸腾作用 Transpiration 风 Winds空气污染 Air pollution酸雨 Acid rain空气污染物 Air pollutants氯氟碳 Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的颗粒物 Deposited particulate matter飞灰 Fly ash雾 Fog薄烟 Haze空内空气污染Indoor air pollution烟雾 Smog气候问题 Climatic issues 农业气象学 Agrometeorology气候 Climate 气候变化 Climatic change气候带 Climatic zones干旱 Drought 全球变暖Global warming温室效应Greenhouse effect湿度Humidity微气候影响 Microclimate effects海平面上升 Sea level
综合教程第1册何兆熊主编英语专业综合英语1Dictationtapescript
综合教程第1册 Unit 1 I. Dictation Throughout history / the basic unit of almost every human society / has been the family. / Members of the family live together / under the same roof. / They share the economic burdens of life / as well as its joys. / The family head usually has considerable influence / in arranging marriages, / selecting careers / and determining all important moves and purchases / by any member of the family. / Particularly in conditions / where society or the state / does not give aid / and the responsibilities of the family are greater, / this large group / provides better protection / in times of economic or other emergency. Unit 2 Children learn almost nothing from television, / and the more they watch, / the less they remember. / They regard television purely as entertainment, / resent programs that make demands on them / and are surprised that anybody should take the medium seriously. / Far from being over-excited by programs, / they are mildly bored with the whole thing. / These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television. / Its author confirms / that the modern child is a dedicated viewer. / The study suggests / that there is little point in the television company’s attempts / to isolate adult viewing in the later hours. / More than a third of the children regularly watched their programs after 9 . / All 11-year-olds had watched programs after midnight. Unit 3: I. Dictation Mother's Day is celebrated / on the second Sunday in May. / On this occasion, / Mother usually receives greeting cards and gifts / from her husband and children. / For most mothers, / the rarest and best gift / is a day of rest. / Often, / families honor Mother / by taking her out for dinner. / In some households / the husband and children / take over meal preparations / so that Mom can spend a whole day / away from the kitchen. / Serving her breakfast in bed / is another family ritual. / Later in the day, / parents may take their children / to visit their grandparents. / Flowers are an important part of the day. / Mothers are often given corsages / for the occasion, / particularly if they are elderly. Unit 4 Dictation In order to learn to be one’s true self, / it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge / of what has been said and done in the world; / critically to inquire into it; / carefully to consider it; / clearly to analyze it; / and earnestly to carry it out. It matters not what you learn, / but when you once learn a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have thoroughly understood it. / It matters not what you try to think of, / but when you once try to think of a thing, / you must never give it up / until you have done it thoroughly and well. If another man succeeds by one effort, / you will use a hundred efforts. / If another man succeeds by ten efforts, / you will use a thousand. Unit 5: In order to learn to be one’s true self, / it is necessary to obtain a wide and extensive knowledge / of what has been said and done in the world; / critically to inquire into it; / carefully to consider it; / clearly to analyze it; / and earnestly to carry it out.