动词不定式公开课

动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce

初中动词不定式专题讲解及练习(全面)

语法：动词不定式 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、构成：to do .否定式not to do 二、常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语:现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后 置。 比较下列句子 To lear n from your frie nds is importa nt.=lt is importa nt to lear n from your frie nds . ______ To leave without say ing goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying ________ goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasa nt thi ng.=lt is a pleasa nt thi ng to chat with Miss ______ White. To walk to school takes me ten minu tes.=lt takes me ten minu tes to walk to school. _______ 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sb：?i= are +adj. +to do 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等）。 It is very kind of you to help me. It ' s not polite of himto speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do …乞aisb+Odj. +to do 女:果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is n ecessary for us to study hard ___ It is easy for him to speak En glish. 动词不定式作主语练习 1. It's our duty the room every day. A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. cleans（甘肃省）

疑问词+不定式-讲解及各题型练习

英语语法------ 疑问词+不定式 一、基本用法说明 疑问词what, which, who, when, where, how及连接副词whether与不定式连用而形成一个短语，这个短语相当于一个名词，可在句中做句子的主语、宾语或表语等。如： 1. 作主语。如： What to do is not decided yet. 该做什么还没有确定。 How to begin is more difficult than where to stop. 如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。 2. 作宾语。如： Do you know when to start? 你知道什么时候开始吗？ I showed her which button to press. 我告诉她应该按哪一个按钮。 有时还可用于介词后作宾语。如： I found a book on how to avoid having a heart attack. 我找到一本书谈如何避免心脏病复发。 She was worried about how to fill her leisure time. 她为如何打发她的闲暇时间而发愁。 3. 作表语。如： The question is how to carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。 The difficulty was how to cross the river. 困难在于如何过河。 二、“疑问词+不定式(短语)”是一个很有用的结构，它的作用相当于一个名词性从句，通常在某些动词(如tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, un derstand等)后面做宾语，有时也用作主语、表语、同位语等。如： He didn’t know how to answer her. 他不知道该怎样回答她。 When to start has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。 I don’t know who to ask advice from. 我不知道应向谁征求意见。 Would you please advise me which to buy? 你能否告诉我该买哪一个才好? Please explain (to me) where to begin and how to do it. 请 (给我)解释该从哪里开始及该怎么做。

动词不定式用法经典例句总结教学总结

定义 （语态）动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态； 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如： It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请）It was impossible for lost time to be made up.（不定式作主语） I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作宾语） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定语） He went to the hospital to be examined.（不定式作状语） My work is to clean the room every day.（不定式作表语） 在There be结构中，修饰主语的不定式可用被动，也可用主动。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同，如：There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为：动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式： She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. （不定式在句子中做主语） ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. （不定式在句子中做宾语） ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. （不定式在句子中做直接宾语） ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. （不定式在句子中表语） 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分，均可转换为相应的从句形式。如：①When we s hall leave…③…how I could learn……

动词+疑问词+动词不定式补充练习

“动词+疑问词+动词不定式”补充练习 一、单项选择。 1.I have no idea when ___ her the bad news. A. will tell B. telling C. tell D. to tell 2. —Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise? —Sure. Now let me tell you ____ first. A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do 3. I need your help because I don’t know ____. A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it D. what should I do 4.—How are you feeling here? —It’s quite hot. I don’t know ____ to go or stay. A. how B. when C. whether D. where 5.—I don’t know ____ to do with this maths problem.It’s too hard. — You can ask your classmates or teachers for help. A. which B. how C. what D. when 6. —Millie, could you give me some advice? I don’t know ____. —Why don’t you wear this red shirt? A. when to wear B. what to wear C. how to wear D. where to wear 7. I’m go ing on a field trip but I haven’t decided__________. A. what to do B. to do what C. where to go D. to go where 8 —This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me ________，Wang Lin？—Sure. A. what to work it out B. what to work out it C. how to work it out D. how to work out it 9. Excuse me. Would you please tell me ________ buy a digital camera？ A. what to B. where to C. what I can D. where can I 10. There isn't any difference between the two. I really don't know ________. A. where to choose B. which to choose C. to choose what D. to choose which 二、用“疑问词＋不定式”改写下列句子。 11. How we should do it was discussed last night. __________ was discussed last night. 12. I didn’t kn ow where I should go. I didn’t know ____________. 13. The difficulty was how we should cross the river. The difficulty was ____________ .

动词不定式的用法荟萃

动词不定式的用法荟萃 不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。 【例如】 To complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到 谓语的后面。 【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中： a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,

inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋ 不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...) ＋不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people.

动词不定式作主语的三种方式

动词不定式作主语的三种方式 I 不定式作主语通常位于句首。如： ①To see is to believe．百闻不如一见。 ②To get up early is necessary．早起是必要的。 II 把引导词it放在句首作形式主语，而把真正的主语———动词不定式（短语）放在后面。如： ①It's not easy to work out the problem．计算出这道题不容易。 ②It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 it作形式主语时，有三种情况： 1）常用形容词作它的表语。真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来表示，即for sb．to do sth．（其中sb．就是to do的逻辑主语）。如： It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 ［注意］for不能用of来代替，因为不能说：Y ou are important． 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，则不用for，而用of（sb．to do sth．）。如： It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。 （可以说：Y ou are very kind．） 2）有时也接名词作表语。如： It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。 3）it作形式主语时，还常用于“It takes（took ／will take）sb．some time（money）to do sth．”句型中。如： ①It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening．昨天晚上我做作业用了一个多小时。 ②It will take us a long time to walk there．步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。 III．动词不定式与疑问词how，what，when，where，which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。如： ①How to use the computer is the question．如何使用计算机是个问题。 ②Where to go has not been decided．去哪儿还没有定下来。 【巩固练习】选择正确答案填空。 1．It's important you walk after supper． A．of；to B．for；of C．to；to D．for；to 2．It's very kind you help me． A．to；of B．of；to C．for；to D．to；to 3．To make friends with them nice． A．is B．are C．be D．does 4． the meeting has not been discussed yet． A．Why to hold B．Where to C．When to hold D．Which to （Keys：1—4 DBAC）

动词不定式用法讲解

动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式用法小结 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to＋动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语－－动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for 引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Don’t forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？

初中动词不定式用法及练习

动词不定式用法及练习 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 构成：to do .否定式not to do 常见时态：一般时to do 进行时to be doing 完成式to have done 完成进行式to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语：现实中常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后置。 比较下列句子To learn from your friends is important.=It is important to learn from your friends . To leave without saying goodbye is impolite.= It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye. To chat with Miss White is a pleasant thing.=It is a pleasant thing to chat with Miss White. To walk to school takes me ten minutes.=It takes me ten minutes to walk to school. 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do…= sb. is\are +adj. +to do…在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形容词（如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时，不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况。（可以理解为某人的好，坏，聪明，愚蠢，对，错等等） It is very kind of you to help me. It’s not polite of him to speak to old people like that. It is + adj. + for sb. to do…≠ sb. is\are +adj. +to do…如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语，即不定式的逻辑主语。 It is necessary for us to study hard. It is easy for him to speak English. 2、作句子的表语：不定式放在be 动词后面，用作表语如： Her dream is to be a policeman. My job is to help the patient. Your task is to clean the classroom. My dream is to own a robot. The doctor’s suggestion is to take more exercise. The best way is to talk to your parents. His plan is to travel to Beijing this summer. My purpose is to help you solve this problem. 3、作句子的宾语：不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语。能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物）很多，常见的有want, like, hate, wish, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect, remember, forget, plan, decide, would like, need, choose, agree, promise, refuse, set out, manage, pretend, I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. They began to read and write. She forgot to close the door. He wanted to borrow my CD player. I hope to speak English well. The workers demanded to get better pay. I hope to hear from you soon. John doesn’t want to be the host of the charity show. They are trying to solve the problem by himself. Millions of people have learned to use computers.

特殊疑问词todo

1. 我们可以用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构做动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词 what 、which 、who 和 疑问副词how 、when 、where 等。但所有疑问词中，只有why 不可以和动词不定式连用。 2. 常和“疑问词+动词不定式”结构连用的动词及短语有：know 、learn 、see 、hear 、ask 、tell 、advise 、decide 、explain 、find out. 另外，“疑问词+动词不定式”结构前，有时也可以是 sure 、clear 等的形容词 翻译：(1)我不知道该做什么。 I don’t know what to do. (2)你怎么知道在那里可以找到我How did you know where to find me ? (3)我不确定下面该做什么。I am not sure what to do next. 3.注意： （1）有些动词，如advise, ask, show, teach, tell 等，其后可以接双宾语。 （2）有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much 等，其后先接一个名词再接动词不定式。 （3）“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句子中可以做主语和表语。 （4）“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可以改写成由该疑问词引导的从句。 练习： （1）Sandy 问我怎样去那。Sandy asks me how to go there. （2）他不知道该带多少钱。He doesn’t know how much money to take. （3）何时开始是一个问题。When to start is a question. （4）我的问题是在哪里可以找到答案。My question is where to find the answer. 一、单项选择 （ ）1. — I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you ?

非谓语动词之动词不定式(todo)的用法

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