新视角研究生英语读说写1课后(上课笔记最终全整理版)

新视角研究生英语读说写1课后习题（最终全整理版）一．选词填空：

1.The company has planned to strengthen its corporate identity

2.The results of this survey demonstrate clearly the fact that younger people are the

most mobile

3.More than 100 development groups throughout the world are working on the

technology, many of them attempting to update old designs to work with modern engines

4.But to ignore the evidence of differences in performance between gender or

ethnic groups can lead to unjust treatment of individuals

5.I am pleased with the progress to date and I believe that you are not finding the

process too disruptive

6.The markets are smart enough to guests when a realignment is coming

7.You simply cannot assume that because the report has been well received that it

will automatically produce action or a decision.

8.Academic qualifications cannot be the only criteria in judging a person

9.If difficulties do arise during your time abroad, you may feel isolated and

vulnerable to to pressure both from local management and head office

10.Many museums employ specialists to offer teachers sample worksheets.

11.in the summer, I prefer roaming on the field with my friends and enjoying the

sunshine to staying at home alone

12.we felt sorry for his trouble ,He was hounded by many creditors, losing all his

property and being discarded by his family.

13.Men love their ideas more than their lives. And the more preposterous the idea,

the more eager they are to die for it

14.,I was so shocked when I found that the vulgar imitation of the president and

other officials did please the well-educated audience and an understanding laugh broke out in the hall.

15.,Although many of us want to be perfect in all aspects , we need to admit that

everyone has his\her defects and no one is impeccable

16.To take vengeance on Germany , at the end of World War II, the Union of Soviet

Socialist Republics bombed Berlin severely

17.To be a successful artist ,you need not only to have an exquisite sense of color

but also to keep practicing as much as you can

18.When we visited the famous hall, we found that the gaudy decorations revealed

the vulgar taste of the house owner, who was a tycoon of housing industry

19.We all believe in the maxim that actions speak louder than words

20.As a member from the conservative group ,this nominee was chosen since it had

been widely known that he would fight tooth and nail to maintain the status quo and make no change to the current policies

21.As house prices plummet the new breed of renters escape the danger of falling

into debt traps and save their spare cash for the future

22.Nothing could daunt me and I talked to everyone with the same message:” cancer

was absolutely great because it put you in touch with yourself and the world : 23.The 19-year-old model Saffron Domini needed little persuasion to appear in a

harrowing film about racism and violence

24.Carefree and full of youthful enthusiasm , his happy disposition attracted whites

and Indians alike.

25.In British political life of the previous twenty years , latent anti-Jewish feeling had

been apt to surface in response to particular events

26.With standards often being poor ,unregulated ,and uncontrolled ,disaster seems imminent

27.After walking for an hour ,she wasn’t sweating , but there was a pleasurable sense of exertion

28.Particularly worrisome were the fruit drinks , which projected a wholesome image while containing sugar in some form or another

29.With the rising tide and bad conditions it was possible that the stranded man might not survive until the lifeboat arrived

30.One study estimates that the headquarters and related functions of big American

companies gobble up almost a fifth of their annual profits

31.His way of staying sane was to compose poems in classical Chinese which he somehow kept with him

32.The children’s insatiable curiosity will be satisfied one way or the other ,as there are plenty of museums libraries and children’s palaces in the city

33.Examination of the theory which purports to provide an answer to this question is nonetheless important for a number of reasons

34.It is impossible to forget the uplifting speech that the president gave at the

commencement ceremony

35.The athlete, a devou t Christian, like his parents ,died in 1945 in a Japanese

internment camp in Shangdong province

36.The picture drawn is a static one , and it has been unable to provide a convincing

account of how and why changes have occurred in the pattern of industrial relations

37.The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary

38.He listened in rapt concentration as Mr Mercer described how one soldier shot off

his leg and threatened to kill him until he shouted back at him

39.Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law

40.Building a home is a more demanding business compared with buying one

Unit7

1.She was able to light fires in the hearts of the people she met and mobilize them to do something for the revolution.

2. Social science is a collective name, covering a series of individual sciences.

3. Johnson was reputed to pay his employees handsomely, but in return he expected complete loyalty, total commitment and absolute respect.

4. They carefully designed a special diet which contained all the known nutrients needed to sustain her life.

5. He sounded very excited on the phone, but he wouldn’t reveal the exact contents of the videotape, except to say that it contained the evidence we needed.

6. Finally he realized that money was not a substitute for health, happiness,

companionship, or emotional security.

7. He has realized the terrible mistake, and is trying his best to remedy it.

8. Although everyone does it that way, he wants to change the prevailing practice.

9. We asked the company how they would market the product and reverse its shrinking market share.

10. Whether wolves merit so much protection is a much-debated point among farmers in the area where wolves are plentiful and do cause damage on farms.

Unit9

1. She took a long leave of absence without detriment to her career.

2. The Foreign Minister held talks in Paris with his French counterpart on April2

3. It is very infuriate to read such a ridiculous novel.

4. A woman with hardly any make-up and short haircuts is thought to be a stereotypical lesbian.

5. My own solitude was as nothing compared with their constantly patrolled loneliness.

6. His conception of humans is skewed and none of us can win his trust.

7. After the dismissal of the cook, we had to make our meals ourselves.

8. The professor has been a(n) advocate of changes to English teaching.

9. This is variable, depending on how the two parties perceive the relationship.

10. We can see both variety and uniformity in these Hollywood movies. Unit10

1. To most women, diamond is an irresistible temptation.

2. Don’t worry. Even if the road is cut off by snow, we have sufficient food to last a week.

3. Much should be taken into consideration when one budgets for a research project.

4. People doubt whether prison is the best sanction against a crime like this throughout the country.

5. I don’t think he is qualified for the position. He panics easily and is therefore useless in an emergency.

6. With a 30-year effort, the company has built a reputation of innovative designs, and quality manufacturing.

7. A suspected kidnapper was caught after a rush-hour police chase along a London Underground tunnel yesterday.

8. Intellectual property rights represent exclusive rights for intellectual wealth created in the field of science, technology, literature and arts.

9. Since there is no better way to evaluate one’s intelligence, we have to place our reliance on IQ tests.

10. I hereby affirm that all the information given in this form is true and correct. 二．选择题

1.The country is heavily dependent on its oil exports A

A, reliant on B. complaint with C, yielding to D. attached to

2.An alternative approach is to define words according to the sentence contexts in which they occur. B

A. outline

B. explain

C. specify D, term

3.A second hospital has been accused of mixing up a baby’s name tag, making the mother fear she had the wrong child. D

A, code B. paper C specify D label

4.The director will have to shift his roles and expectations when he’s asked by the rest of the board to answer criticism of company performance. C

A. move B, stint C alter D transit

5, Japanese computer makers are turning to scientists overseas to help them develop software and applications for massively parallel supercomputers. B

A, heavily B immensely C, solidly D ponderously

6,There is also evidence that younger people expect to transfer the source of their main emotional support to their spouse when they marry A

A, move…to B subtract…from C distract….from D, deflect….to

7.Psychometric tests which attempt to measure students’ ability to use the library have been developed and made use of primarily in the USA B

A, arbitrate B. assess C. calculate D reckon

8.Consequently, the neighborhood they live in, the interests they have, the lifestyle of their friends and colleagues, will necessarily determine what reality is for the child C

A, residential path B, residential street

C, residential district D residential part

9.The aim is to help participants identify their own learning needs in this area and then to suggest ways in which they can increase their knowledge

A, affirm B .confirm C assume D recognize D

10.As we shall see later, they have been one of the factors that have helped to tip the economic balance firmly against the nuclear option A

A .tilt B, incline C slide D slant

11,Don’t interrupt him, He is now working seriously on his dissertation that is due at the end of this semester A

A. buckling down to B, buckling under

C, buckling up with D ,buckling to

12.He has a bad temper and always falls into a fury for the slightest reason, which makes him extremely unwelcome among all the friends B

A, sadness B , depression C, an extreme anger D great disappointment

13.Through reading the novel ,the students realized that the hunchback’s hideous appearance could not conceal his noble characters B

A, spectacular B, ugly and unpleasant

C. impressive D, striking and terrible

14,When the World War II broke out and the area was bombed severely ,many city dwellers had to move to the sticks and led a totally different life B

A. small towns B, country areas C, surroundings D ,neighborhoods

15.In the general conference, his coarse speaking tone irritated the delegate from the neighboring country and then everyone was involved in a fierce debate D

A ironic

B sarcastic

C ,angry D, rude

16. The police had to keep track of all the actions of the suspects in order to identify the real criminal A

A. be informed about B be contacted with

C, follow up with D , take notice about

17.Confronted with all these evidences and the witnesses , the drunk driver conceded that it was he who caused the fatality of the 3 victims in the traffic accident C

A, surrender B grand C, admit D yield

18.When famine and drought became more severe ,the president said he could not size up the whole situation and take any action unless he had received a complete report D

A. bring up B, come up with C make up D make a judgment about

19.Gaping at the TV screen and watching the fire and smoke , the whole world was startled and could not believe the World Trade Center turned into ruins B

A Looking

B Staring

C Glancing

D Watching

20.When thousands of bodies ,including those of women and children, were discovered in the forest ,everyone and all the media took the same side ,criticizing the monstrous mass murder with full bullets D

A tremendous

B ,incidental C, famous D evil

21.With an A network of committees , sports clubs and societies ,each student is encouraged to play a full part in this aspect of student life

A, thriving B, encouraging C exciting D lead

22.They may pick up ideas almost at random from skimming journals , ideas that may

C new trains of thought or fruitful new cross-connections

A. steer B ,pilot C spark D lead

23.Being a good listener is not only useful because you will hear what others miss , but you will find that people will tell you things that they B others

A shield on

B shield from

C shield in

D shield out

24, What right did he have to come back into her life this , trying to C into small pieces that couldn’t be put back together for a second time?

A crash

B ,crush C, shatter D explode

25.In many areas local services were provided by numerous different authorities , which often gave rise to A co-ordination problems

A, acute B accurate C, accusative D alternative

26.The awful truth that he was suffering from lung cancer B him ,though his family members tried very hard to keep the secret

A, came upon B dawned on C, fell to D ,went for

27.I suppose yoga enthusiasts would find it painless ,but for most of us an hour spent in this position was an D

A. cripple B, reduce C exam D ordeal

28.But rules that strengthen bands in good times can A them in recessions

A, cripple B , reduce C slash D unprofitable

29.There are few more C places on earth than the plains surrounding a volcano in the aftermath of its eruption

A fertile B. unproblematic C barren D unprofitable

30. The minds of many of these young offenders appear to have been B by greed and indifference to violence

A retarded

B numbed

C idled

D fooled

31.Her reputation suffered a A blow as the result of the scandal

A .mortal

B shameful

C humiliating

D disgraceful

32.In explaining this situation it might be possible to point to sources C to the nation

A. inherited B hereditary C inherent D heritable

33.His A difficulties may make it impossible for him to recognize you and his family A, perceptual B appreciable C understandable D recognizable

34.He had never previously thought of himself as D or even as particularly materialistic

A, inquisitive B interactive C positive D acquisitive

35.Like a dreamer ,the young artist is absorbed in B of something outside himself and does not identify with it

A illusion

B contemplation

C conception

D fantasy

36.The club, where I am staying releases forgotten gusts of memory , like those lilies which only A their sweet perfume at night

A exhale

B inhale

C relax

D relieve

37.If it is a technique which works for you then , use it A

A by all means

B by no means

C in one way

D by the way

38.You would B some responsibility immediately for particular areas and addition responsibilities are available to those with the ability and enthusiasm to undertake

A bear on

B take on

C carry on

D hold on

39.This raises the question whether the education of children in rural communities is prejudiced by the D of a curriculum devised for urban conditions

40.The weak point in the school is due to the A of parents who remove their sons from the school at too early an age

A, folly B prudence C craziness D madness

Unit7

1. The committee had voted $300 for a monument to be ________ to his memory.

A. abandoned

B. erected

C. hovered

D. inherited

2. The foundation said they would not fund the plan because it had all the ______ of being a total failure.

A. emblems

B. symbols

C. tokens

D. hallmarks

3. Nowadays, the purchase of a car has become the ________ of most citizens, along with holidays overseas.

A. aspiration

B. inspiration

C. norm

D. Signpost

4. The clinical instinct I was beginning to develop told me that something inside this animal was fundamentally ________.

A. awry

B. hostile

C. invigorate

D. Puerile

5.Unrelieved stress can __ your physical and emotional health, but knowing the health risks of stress does not necessarily make it any easier to change the stressful situation.

A. aggravate

B. collapse

C. decrease

D. undermine

6. Many elderly people who are in need fail to apply for a supplementary pension or allowance, because they are ________ regard it as some kind of charity.

A. declined to

B. inclined to

C. tended to

D. disposed to

7. So much is _________ when you start a job that you owe it to yourself to think all the implications through.

A. at stake

B. taken up

C. thought about

D. in hand

8. It was inevitable that as time passes a couple should influence each other and gradually ________ together.

A. combine

B. blend

C. fuse

D. mix

9. We are trying to minimize pollution and improve quality by keeping the use of pesticides ________.

A. at a minimum

B. for a minimum

C. in a minimum

D. on a minimum

10. What is remarkable is how little political opposition there has been to the program ________.

A. in time

B. on the day

C. to date

D. at the moment

Unit9

1. Israel’s insecurity was so pervasive that even words are daggers.

A. Powerful

B. Pervading

C. general

D. deep-rooted

2. The opinions of the youth’s peers are more important to them than their parents’ideas.

A. equals

B. allies

C. aliens

D. counterparts

3. His performance of Hamlet was topnotch in the recent 20 years.

A. Engaging

B. Impressive

C. Unique

D. best

4. For basketball players, injuries are an job-related hazard.

A. occupational

B. principal

C. rational

D. hypothetical

5. These factors are unlikely to impinge on the development of agriculture.

A. depend on

B. carry on

C. influence

D. devote to

6. It is announced that people are appointed solely on the basis of merit.

A. promptly

B. only

C. unanimously

D. ultimately

7. Any climate shift adversely affecting the earth will be discussed at the conference.

A. ardently

B. reversely

C. inversely

D. unfavorably

8. Given the above differences, East Asia and the West do not always hold the same views on human rights.necessarily determine what reality is for the child.

A. typical

B. identical

C. reciprocal

D. superficial

9. This newspaper story could not damage their reputation; conversely, it will give them a lot of free publicity.

A. controversially

B. inversely

C. contrarily

D. consistently

10. You can’t park here, since this is only for the bona fide guests.

A. real

B. important

C. honored

D. disabled

Unit10

1. If someone is honest and firm in his moral principles, he is a man with ________.

A. optimum

B. ethnics

C. reputation

D. integrity

2. The director tried to wave aside these issues. He said they are ________ details and could be settled later.

A. trivial

B. partial

C. exclusive

D. extra

3. The symbols and ________ used in this document are essentially those in current use in North America.

A. signatures

B. labels

C. notations

D. notes

4. In China ginger is not only a spice for food but also a ________ for colds.

A. strive

B. remedy

C. harness

D. mend

5. We can’t just wait for new technologies to solve our problem. We shall make ________use of existing technology.

A. proactive

B. impeccable

C. egregious

D. optimal

6. I was ________ by the report about a new plagiarism detection software.

A. intrigued

B. marred

C. suspected

D. recruited

7. The taxis in this small town have no meters so it is essential to ________ the fare before setting off.

A. communicate

B. negotiate

C. determine

D. budget

8.The organization aims to support projects which ___ the issue of campus integrity.

A. affirm

B. implement

C. designate

D. address

9. You need to ____ someone to take over your affairs while you are in hospital.

A. direct

B. assignate

C. designate

D. attribute

10. Using another person’s phrases or sentences without putting quotation marks around them is considered ________.

A. temptation

B. plagiarism

C. convenience

D. strategy

三．英译汉

Unit1

1. Not all the neighborhoods are empty, nor is every workplace a friendly playground. Most of us have had mixed experiences in these environments. Yet as one woman told me recently, she knows more about the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the block. Our new sense of community hasn’s just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with members from distant companies, cities, and states. We assume that have something “in common” with other teachers, nurses, city planners. (Para.11)不是所有的住宅区都是空的,也不是所有的工作单位都是友好的.多数人在这里都曾有过复杂的经历.然而,最近一位女性朋友告诉我她对工作单位里的人的了解程度要胜于对同一街区人的了解程度.我们不仅把社区的概念从住宅区迁移到办公楼,上班时身上佩戴的标志也把我们和异国他乡的人们和公司员工联系在一起.我们假设自己和其他的教师、护士、城市规划者有某些共同点。，

2. It’s not unlike the experience of our immigrant grandparents. Many who came to this country still identified themselves as members of the Italian community, the Irish community, the Polish community. They sought out and assumed connections with people from the old country. Many of us have updated that experience. We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with the workplace. This whole realignment of community is surely most obvious among the mobile. In an age of specialists, they may have to search harder to find people who speak the same language. (Para.12)

这有点像最初移民来到美国我们的祖辈们的经历,许多人来到这里以后把自己原来的国籍还当成一个社区,所以有意大利人社区、爱尔兰人社区、波兰人社区等。他们不断寻找并设想自己与来自同一个国家的人们有着亲密的联系。我们把这种体验提升了一步。像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的职业身份取代了种族身份。这种社区的完全重组在流动作业的行业中表现得最为明显，那些在不同城市变换工作的人似乎把自己的身份根植与他们的行业中。在这个充满专业人士的时代，他们不得不费劲周折去寻找有共同语言的人。

Unit2

1. It is not enough for our university to resign itself to the status quo; it should speed up its development, and make itself one of the best universities in China. Onward and upward was the course she set. Small progress was no excuse for feeling satisfied with yourself. People who stopped to pat themselves on the back didn’t last long. Even if you got to the top, you’d better not take it easy. “The bigger they come, the harder they fall” was one of her favorite maxims. (Para.21)

进取、进取、再进取，这是母亲给我设定的方向。小小的进步是不足以自我满足的。那些因成功而沾沾自喜停下来欣赏自己的人是不会持久的。即使你已经到达顶峰，你也最好不要放松。“爬得越高，摔得越痛”是母亲的至理名言。

2. It wasn’t the gin that was shouting. It was my mother. The gin only gave me the courage to announce to them that yes, by God, I had always believed in success, had always believed that without hard work and self-discipline you could never amount to anything, and didn’t deserve to. (Para.32)

其实不是杜松子酒在吼，是我的母亲在吼。酒只是借给了我勇气向他们宣布那个想法。

是的，上帝可以作证，我一直相信成功，一直相信如果没有辛勤的劳动和严格的自律，一个人不可能有任何成就，也不配有成就。

Unit3

1. Defining who is great depends on how one measures success.

对伟人的定义取决于人们如何衡量成功。

2. “There’s a tendency to think that they are endowed with something supe r-normal” he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes.”

“人们往往认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。“但研究表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。”

3. Greatness is built on tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.

伟人的伟大建立在大量的学习、实践及其献身精神的基础之上。

4. Thrust into office when his country’s morale was at the lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people.

丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。

5. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, “We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end ... We shall never surrender.”

在1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次讲演中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们一定不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。”

Unit4

1. It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from lovin g and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.

我们可以从爱和被爱中感到快乐，从朋友的相伴中感到愉快，为能随意到处居留而感到喜悦，甚至会为了身体健康而高兴，可是这些快乐很容易被忽视。

2. We, on the other hand, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we “gotta have.”

另一方面，由于我们有许多选择并想在各个领域获得成功的压力，我们把幸福变成了我们“必须得到”的另外一种东西。

3. So we chase it and equate it with wealth and success, without noticing that people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.

所以我们追求幸福，将幸福与财富和成功等同起来，没有注意到拥有这一切的人不一定更幸福。

4. Happiness isn’t about what happens to us —it’s about how we perceive what happens to us. It’s the knack of finding a positive for every negative, and viewing a setback as a challenge.

幸福不在于我们周围所发生的一切，而在于我们如何去看待我们周围所发生着的一切事情。这是一种从不利中找到有利，将挫折看作是激励的诀窍。

5. It’s not wishing for what we don’t have, but cherishing what we do possess.

幸福并不是时时去盼望得到我们所没有的，而是要珍惜我们拥有的！

Unit7

The great modern social myth is that the family is a “plastic”institution, capable of being molded to meet changing needs.

现代社会的一大妄言是认为家庭是具有“可塑性”的制度，可以因适应变化的需求而改

变。

(2) In fact, efforts to live in a world of pluralistic family forms result in mounting social disorder that governments can neither control nor reverse.

实际上人们对于家庭多元化的尝试使社会秩序愈发混乱。政府既不能控制也不可能扭转这种混乱局面。

(3) Common sense, the lessons of history and the work of anthropologists actually point to the family as a universal and necessary institution.

我们的常识、历史教训以及人类学家的研究实际上都认为家庭是一种普遍而必要的制度。

(4) It is commonly defined as a man and a woman bonded together through a socially approved covenant of marriage to regulate sexuality; to provide mutual care and support; to create a home economy; to bear, raise and protect children; and to maintain continuity between the generations.

家庭通常的定义是：一男一女通过社会认可的婚姻契约联结在一起，以规范性行为，相互关心, 相互支持，建立家庭经济，生养并保护孩子，以及使家庭脉络代代相传。(5) These alternatives appear to be rooted in human nature and represent the only enduring “choice”a society really has.

这种非此即彼的选择植根于人的天性，代表了社会唯一长久持续下来的选择。

Unit9

Historically, the most obvious example of sex bias has been paying women less than men for doing the same work. Although unlawful, the practice is pervasive, and even now, after years of strong feminist (and other) efforts to correct this inequity, women still earn only seventy cents for every dollar earned by men.有史以来，性别歧视最明显的例子就是女性与男性同工不同酬。这种做法虽不合法，但却很普遍。即使在今天，虽然女权主义者（及其他人士）多年来努力纠正这种不平等的状况，女性的工资仍然只有男性的70%。This is wage inequality, not to be confused with the glass ceiling, which denies women the opportunity to advance up the corporate ladder (which also, of course, impinges on wage increase).这就是“工资不平等”现象。不要将其与“玻璃天花板”（妇女在职务升迁上遇到的无形障碍）现象相混淆，“玻璃天花板”限制了女性晋升至公司高层的机会（当然，这同样影响了加薪）。

Let’s say you’re a woman working as a publicity director for a large corporation, and you earn $35,000; your male counterpart, publicity director for another division of the same corporation, is earning $50,000.比方说你是名女性，在一家大公司做宣传部经理。你的工资是35,000美元。同为宣传部经理，在同一家公司另一部门任职的男同事却可以挣50,000美元。You and he have almost identical curriculum vitae —in fact, you went to the same college, worked together at another company, and then each of you got your “dream job.”(Para. 2)他的资历与你相当——确切地说：你们进同一所大学，同在另一家公司共过事，然后你们都找到了“理想的工作”。（Para. 2）

Unit10

1.If the primary goal is simply to reduce cheating, then there are a variety of strategies to consider, including increased proctoring, encouraging faculty to use multiple versions of exams and not to recycle old tests and exams, aggressively faculty using plagiarism detection software, and employing stronger sanctions to punish offenders.

如果主要目的只是减少作弊,就可以考虑采取各种各样的措施:更严格的监考,鼓励教师

采用多种版本的试题,不要循环使用旧考题,更积极地使用剽窃检测软件,以及对作弊者进行更严厉的惩罚.

2. But while such strategies are likely to reduce cheating, I can’t imagine many people would want to learn in such an environment.

尽管这些措施很可能减少作弊,但很难想象人们会愿意在这样的环境中学习.

3. As educators, we owe our students more than this, to learn in such an environment.

作为教育者,我们为学生提供的东西应该比这些更多.

4. Today’s students seem to be less concerned with what administrators and/or faculty consider appropriate behavior and much more concerned with the views and behavior of their peers.

今天的学生不太在意学校或教师认为适宜的行为,他们更关心同伴的观点和行为.

5. Regardless of the campus integrity policy, if students see others cheating, and faculty who fail to see it or choose to ignore it, they are likely to conclude that cheating is necessary to remain competitive.

尽管学校有关学术诚信的政策,如果学生目睹别人作弊而未被教师发现,或教师干脆置之不理,他们可能会认为,为了维持竞争力,有必要采取欺骗行为.

四，汉译英

1．餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。

The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry : the high failure rate among its small businesses.

2．他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力把科学家和实业家的品质结合起来了。

His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist.

3．像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业中表现地尤为明显。

We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity. the way we replaced neighborhoods with the workplace. which is quite obvious among the mobile professions.

4．显然，任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为，需要找到一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。

Plainly , in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything ,and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others.

5．没有任何人愿意再过那各种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval ,at someone else’s mercy

6．人们渴望一种成就感，渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。

The human being longs for a sense of being accomplished , of being able to do things with his hand , with his mind and with his will.

7．政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。

The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its loss.

8．现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业，而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

In modern society , people are more likely to be identified by their professions , rather than by their communities

9．职业和工作在使人得到幸福与满足方面所起的作用比我们大多数人意识的要多得多。

Careers/jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.

10．我们的确对这个事件进行了调查，但不会对正在进行的调查作任何评论。We did have an investigation with regard to the issue, but we should not comment on it .

11．尽管已历经无数失败，凯瑟琳仍然想念她能所儿子培养成为世界冠军。Although she has gone through numerous failures , Katherine still believes that she could make a world champion of her son.

12．这个培训项目其实不算糟糕，但如果它的课程再实用一点就更好了。

This training program is not really a bad experience .But I would have liked it better if the courses had been a bit more practical

13．你应该没这么笨，竟然会打开一个可疑的附件。

You should have known better than to open a suspicious attachment

14．他不幸在一次意外的交通事故中丧生，留下尚未做完的实验。Unfortunately he died from a sudden traffic accident, leaving the experiment half-done

15．那个街角的食品市场能改建成花园，岂不是更好吗？

Wouldn’t it be better if the food market on the street corner could be turned into a garden?

16．尽管我竭力想讨好每一个人，但说话却好像总是不合时宜。

Much as I am eager to please everyone ,I seem never be able to speak out the right thing at the right time

17．这个小玩意儿是送给老年人的好礼物，它能精确地跟踪血压。

This little gadget makes a good present for the elderly ,for it can keep accurate track of one’s blood pressure.

18．简总是在为下一项成就而努力，从来没有时间坐下来欣赏自己已经取得的成绩。

Jane is always working so hard to achieve the next thing and she never has time to sit back and pat herself on the back about the things that she has already done.

19．汤姆审时度势，决定缩小企业规模，后来证明这是明智之举。

Tom sized up the situation , and decided to downsize his business , which turned out to be a wise decision.

20．我们学校仅仅维持现状是不够的，它应该加速发展，力争成为中国最好的大学之一。

It is not enough for our university to resign itself to the status quo; it should speed up its development ,and make itself one of the best universities in china

21．当一个人处于“经历中的沙漠”——一段感到毫无出路，甚至毫无希望的时期，最重要的是不要让自己陷入荒漠之中无法自拨。

When someone is in “desert of experience”---a period of feeling barren of options , even hope , the most important thing is not to allow himself to be stranded in the desert .

22．经济来源耗尽，还有一大家人需要人供养，吉米起初想逃避，但最终靠着顽强的勇气和乐观的性格挺了过来。

With financial resources exhausted and the pressure of a big family to support , Jimmy wanted to escape at first but finally his courage and good humor saw him through.

23．有人认为在人生的任何阶段开始新的生涯都为时不晚。

Someone believes that it is never too late to embark on a new career in any period of life .

24．在经历重大打击之后，明智的做法是勇敢面对挑战，而不是逃避。

What makes sense is to face the challenge rather than run away from the troubles after suffering a significant loss’

25．玛丽靠她在餐馆工作的微薄收入，几乎无法维持生活。

With the small income from her restaurant job , Mary could barely make ends meet . 26．人们逐渐明白了失败并不是可怕的东西，而是人生的宝贵经历。

It dawns on people that failure is nothing to be afraid of .but it is a precious experience in life.

27．在毕业典礼上，校长预祝同学们在事业上不断取得进步。

The president wishes every student to forge ahead on the career ladder at the commencement ceremony

28 科学家们正在对吸烟者和抑郁者进行研究，试图解决这些复杂的生理和心理问题。

Scientists are studying smokers and t the people with depression in an attempt to sort out their complicated physical and psychological problems

29. 大多数家长不是竭力防止失败就是竭力不让孩子们知道他们已经失败。Most parents work hard a either preventing failure or shielding their children from the knowledge that they have failed.

30.每个人都不可能十全十美,因此，对自己宽容些。

No one can be perfect .so be easy on oneself.

31.在当今社会中，广告几乎完全成为致力于描写快乐的现代表达方式。

In modern society , advertising has become one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness.

32讲座永远不会从大学的舞台上完全消失，因为它们来源于一个久远的传统，而大学这个环境为了其自身的利益又理所当然地尊重传统。

Lectures will never entirely disappear from the university scene ,because they spring from a long tradition in a setting that rightly values tradition for its own sake.

33.这对夫妻永远体会不到做父母的乐趣，除非他们有了自己的孩子。

Short of having their own children ,the couple can never experience the pleasure of being parents.

34.他把别人的成功看成是一种挑战、一种动力。他不断告诉自己他应该比别人做得更好。

He takes other’s success as a kind of challenge and motivation. He keeps telling himself that he should do better than others .

35.如果欢乐与愉快等于幸福，则痛苦就等于不幸福。但实际上能带来幸福的事往往与痛苦相联系。

If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness ,The truth is that things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

36.为了让孩子能得到成为一个音乐家所需要的一切，那些经济不宽裕的家庭对任何牺牲都在所不惜。

In homes where money was tight , no sacrifice was too great in order that the child has whatever he needed to learn to become a musician

37.只要明白欢乐并不带来幸福，我们就会开始以不同的态度来生活。

As long as we understand that fun does not bring happiness ,we can begin to lead our lives differently.

38.如果我们真正得到了自己想要的，就会不停地想我们没有——于是我们就老是不满。

If we do get what we want we’ll keep thinking of all that we don’t possess---and we will remain dissatisfied.

39唯一真正能平衡事业与家庭的方式是对你的生活价值观深思考虑，并按此生活。

The only way to truly balance your career with family life is to think long and hard about your life values and live by them.

40任何人想要生活既硕果累累又充满欢乐，他就应该处理好工作和娱乐的关系。Anyone who wants to have a both fruitful and cheerful life should deal well with the relationship between work and play.

Unit7

1.因为她在办公室里不停地来回穿梭，迈克发现自己再也坐不住了。

Mike found that he couldn’t remain seated any more while she was striding to and fro across the office.

2.他的品格与其说是在学校学到的，不如说是在生活经历中形成的。

His character is shaped less by his education at school than by his life experience.

3.作为母亲，她总是为孩子们取得的成就感到自豪。

As a mother, she always shares the pride in what her children have accomplished.

4.现代社会的一个显著特征就是越来越多的妇女走出家庭追求自己的事业。

It is a defining feature of the modern society that more women are in the workforce. 5.人们普遍认为在研究生阶段，学生们能更好地管理自己，不再需要人指点。It is generally assumed that at postgraduate level the students can take better care of themselves and don’t need guidance anymore.

6.以前我从未注意到我们的社会竟然有如此多样化的家庭结构。

Never before had I noticed that there is such a diversity of family structures in our society.

7.孩子的健康成长很大程度上取决于父母双亲的关爱。

The healthy development of a child hinges largely on the love and care from both parents.

8.儿童生活水准的急剧下降使新政策受到强烈地抨击。

The sharp decline in the well-being of children put the new policy under siege.

9.这本书以通俗易懂的形式概括了古希腊人思想的精华。

This book gives you the distilled ideas of the ancient Greeks in a form that is easy to understand.

10.通常中年人在父母身上花的钱比不上在孩子身上的花销多。

Usually the middle-aged don’t spend on their parents as much as they do on their children.

Unit9

1. 就此而言，你并不比玛丽或者其他同事更符合条件。

For that matter, you are no better qualified than Mary or other colleagues.

2. 这是我们在这种情况下渴望的最好结果。

This was the best result that we could expect under the circumstances.

3. 性别歧视影响到我们职业生涯的各个方面，从薪酬到升职。

The effects of gender discrimination are impinging on every aspect of our careers, from our salaries to our promotion.

4. 他被公司开除了，这证明玩忽职守必被追究。

He has been fired by the company, which proves that if you neglect your duty, you can’t get away with it.

5. 他长时间地工作，损害了健康和家庭生活。

He worked long hours, to the detriment of his health and family life.

6. 该章可以分为三节，但最后一节似乎偏离了女权主义主题。

The chapter falls into three parts, but the last part seems to divert form the feminist thesis.

7. 除了玻璃天花板和工资不平等外，公开的歧视也随处可见。

Aside from the glass ceiling and wage inequality, explicit discrimination is everywhere, too.

8. 开始许多人对这支乐队的反应是他们只是一伙漂亮的男孩，没有什么天赋。Initially the reaction of many to this band was that they were just a bunch of pretty boys with no talent.

9. 就实际的销售情况而言，这本书完全失败了。

In terms of actual sales, the book has been a complete failure.

10. 根据一次民意调查就预测选举结果稳妥吗

Is it safe to predict the result of the election on the basis of one opinion poll?

Unit 10

1.我们应该常常回顾过去，让过去的经验为我们提供指导，这样我们就不会再

重复同样的错误。

We shall always look to the past experience for guidance, so that we would not repeat the same mistakes.

2.一些教育家认为，与严厉的惩罚相比，积极地策略是制止学生考试作弊的更

好方法。

Some educators believe that compared with strong sanctions, proactive strategies

serve as a better way to prevent students from cheating in exams.

3.为了提高办公室的工作效率，经理决定订购这一套管理软件。

The manager decided to subscribe to the management software to improve the efficiency of the office.

4.我想弄清试卷上这些英语单词的意思，但没能成功，所以我忍不住偷偷看了

看电子词典。

I tried to make sense of these English words in the test paper, but in vain, so I took a peep at my e-dictionary.

5.如果这些新方法不管用，我们只好再依靠就系统。

If these new methods don’t work, we’ll have to fall back on our old system.

6.校方接到报告后，对这次作弊事件进行了全面的调查，抓出了五个用无线耳

机作弊的学生。

The school carried out a comprehensive investigation after the report and caught five students who cheated with wireless earphones.

7.他不是故意违纪，由于不知情，他才做出这个错误的决定。

He didn’t break the rule on pur pose, he made the wrong decision out of ignorance. 8.学校领导承诺使用一套新系统来对付作弊。

The school authority promised to implement a new system to fight against campus cheating.

9.她赶在最后期限前做出最后努力，从网上下载了一篇文章交了上去。

In a last-minute effort to meet the deadline she downloaded a paper from internet and handed it in.

10.随着科技的发展，电脑在学习中起的作用越来越大，现在甚至一些考试也在

电脑上完成。

With the development of technology, computer has a more and more important role to play in our study. Nowadays, even some tests are computer-based.