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2025年湖南长沙青竹湖湘一外国语校中考冲刺(2)英语试题试卷含答案

2025年湖南长沙青竹湖湘一外国语校中考冲刺(2)英语试题试卷含答案

2025年湖南长沙青竹湖湘一外国语校中考冲刺(2)英语试题试卷注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Ⅰ. 单项选择1、–– He looks ________. What has happened to him?–– He thought he could get good grades in the test, but failed.A.upset B.happy C.excited2、Singing is a form of expression that can be understood by everyone. Also, some songs can cheer people up when they_______ in trouble.A.will be B.aren’t C.are3、Life is ________ /fʊl/ of happiness and pain. You never know what will happen next.A.fall B.fill C.feel D.full4、My brother moved to Korea with his family last year. I haven’t heard from him until now, which makes me worried about him.A.had contact with B.had a chat withC.telephoned D.received letters from5、I __________ to Canada twice. It’s so beautiful.A.won’t go B.have goneC.don’t go D.have been6、---Has Jim known the good news?--Not yet. I will tell him about it ________ he comes back.A.while B.until C.as soon as D.since7、— What did you see in the crime scene?— On a table pushed __________ a wall there were bottles of beer and wine.A.above B.across C.against D.around8、—Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?—Well, I don’t knowA.that I can finish my work by thenB.if can I finish the work by thenC.whether I can finish the work by then9、—Can I join you? —Sure , we are discussing ______.A.why we like the movie B.who should we go withC.how can we get there D.when shall we go for a picnic10、Most of us check our smart phones 47 times on an average(平均)day, and ______ double between the ages of 18 and 24.A.hardly B.nearly C.mostly D.widelyⅡ. 完形填空11、There was a time when Whitney didn't have a lot of friends. She was a bit shy and didn’t 1 much. She never really wanted to be popular, 2 she did want to have someone to share secrets and laughs with. All through high school, though, she didn't find a lot of 3 .When it came time to go to college, Whitney was quite nervous. She was going to room with someone she didn't 4 and live in a town 300 miles away from home. There wouldn't be any person she knew in town. She had no idea 5 she was going to make friends in this new environment.The first week of classes, 6 happened and it changed Whitney's life forever. In her English Composition class, every student was 7 to share a little about herself. Whitney told everyone where she called home and all of 8 things that students share in such situations.The final question for each student was always the 9 :“What is your goal for this class?”Now, most of the students said it was to get a good grade, pass the exam or something 10 that, but for some reasons, Whitney said something very different. She said that her goal was to make just one good 11 .While 12 of the students sat quietly, one student came to Whitney and held out her hand and introduced herself. The girl asked 13 she would be her friend. The whole room was silent--all eyes looked at Whitney and the hand extended (延伸的)just in front of her. She smiled and reached her hand out to take the girl’s hand and a friendship was formed. It was a friendship that 14 all through college and many years after that. It was a friendship that brought two people together. Whitney learned the power of asking for what she wanted, being 15 and taking actions.1.A.speak B.tell C.say D.talk2.A.but B.and C.so D.because3.A.friendship B.knowledge C.money D.happiness4.A.like B.want C.know D.tell5.A.how B.why C.when D.where6.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something7.A.asked B.taught C.warned D.ordered8.A.the other B.any other C.others D.the others9.A.different B.similar C.same D.difficult10.A.as B.with C.together D.like11.A.classmate B.friend C.sister D.brother12.A.most B.all C.every D.each13.A.when B.how C.why D.if14.A.lasted B.made C.broke D.had15.A.happy B.kind C.honest D.strongⅢ. 语法填空12、Millie :Have you heard about the pop star Nancy? It's said that she has got cancer.Sandy:I 1.(hear) about it last week. It's very sad because she 2.(be) so kind.Millie: I heard that Nancy once donated ~100,000 to people who 3.(suffer) great loss in the earthquake in Wenchuan. Sandy: Yes. She is a generous girl.Millie: Now Nancy 4.(receive) medical treatment in Belling. An operation5.(do) on her yesterday and it was a success.Sandy . That's great. I really hope Nancy 6.(get) well again soon.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、One morning Fan Xing discovered that her classroom had changed. The 13-year-old saw that the desks were no longer in rows(排), but pushed together to make six bigger desks.The new arrangement(排列) was part of a reform(改革) at Fan's school, Changsha Daotian Middle School in Hunan. About five weeks ago, more than 2,000 junior students at the school began studying in this way, with six to eight students sitting in groups."This reform is designed to provide students with easier ways to study and more chances for discussion,"said Liu Xu,na school head teacher. "Our school hopes it can improve students' abilities(能力) for self-study as well as teamwork."The new arrangement took some time for students to get used to."I was too curious(好奇) about it for the first two days," said Fan. But soon she and her classmates got used to it." Now our class is quieter because we can stop loud students with some simple gestures(手势),"said Fan. "What's more,we can express our own ideas and learn others' through discussion. It's a better way to study."Feng Yu likes this new classroom arrangement very much and has made some progress studying. The 14-year-old said, "Group members first discuss,and then explain the solutions or answers to difficult questions in front of the whole class.""The discussion gives us more confidence to make speeches,"said Feng."We can also improve our friendships."The reform has asked for more from teachers.They have no more than 15 minutes to teach in class."It is a big challenge to teach in such short time the lessons which should be taught in 45 minutes,"English teacher Wang Jing said."We have to improve methods to teach better. We must prepare some interesting topics and exercises before class so that students can discuss them."Wang said that some students always talk. The teachers have to move continuously in the classroom to keep them quiet and get them to concentrate on class."It demands more, but I believe it will pay off,"Wang added.1.From the first paragraph of the passage, we know________.A.Fan Xing was a 13-year-old studentB.Fan Xing's classroom was changed in rowsC.Fan Xing's desk was no longer in her classroom2.The purpose of the new classroom arrangement is to________.A.make the students feel fresh and interestedB.provide students with more chances for teamworkC.divide big classes into small classes3.How did the new classroom arrangement help the students' study according to the passage?A.By stopping loud students using simple gestures.B.By giving students more chances to work in groups.C.By making students explain difficult questions after school.4.What is the big challenge for the teachers in classroom teaching in the reform?A.The teachers have to improve their studying methods.B.The teachers must prepare more interesting topics for exercises.C.The teachers are only given 15 minutes to teach in one period(节) of the class.5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.The students in Changsha Daotian Middle School are sitting in groups when having classes.B.The reform in the school is aimed at improving the students' abilities for self-study.C.Studying in groups gives the students more confidence to concentrate on class.B14、Students in western Ohio(俄亥俄州) have to say “bye-bye” to snow days. Snow may fall, but students won’t be able to spend the days sledding(滑雪橇). Classes will continue online. Officials say that holding electronic workdays(e-days) will help students keep up with their studies. It will also prevent requiring students to make up schooldays later in June.Which would you prefer: spending a cold day on a computer, or sitting in school in June when you should be on vacation? Jordan Dewar, a student reporter, holds the opinion that having online work on a snow day is the better choice. “You would be working on a day that you already planned on having schoolwork.”“Havi ng extra days of school in summer can interfere with(妨碍) families’ vacation plans. Besides, what if your school does not have air-conditioning? Imagine sweating through seven hours at school on a hot June day when you could have been relaxing by a pool wit h your family. Doesn’t an e-day sound better than that?” Jordan Dewar said.For some students, it would be easier to concentrate(专注) on e-days than on makeup days. “You can do a little workonline, go play, and then come back later,” says Rachel Meyers, 12. “But on June days you would just have to sit there for seven hours, thinking about how you could be outside, so you lose focus.”There are some students arguing that it’s not fair to ditch snow days, however. They say that snow days give them a much-needed break. They also note that missing a day here and there is not enough to put them behind. Most students in Silver Valley School think one problem of e-days is that sometimes siblings(兄弟姐妹们) have to share computers at home. In addition, it punishes the students who don’t have computers at home. When school starts again after e-days, these students will be left behind and have to work double-time to catch up with others.“School budget cuts(预算削减) across the country are expected to continue into the 2017-2018 school year.” the American Association of School Administrators(AASA) Web site states. “The school wouldn’t be able to afford both online classes and taking care of the school,” Austin Krewson, an eighth grader, says.Moreover, electricity is likely to be cut off during snowstorms. If kids don’t have power at home, the money and the time in running the new program would be wasted.1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Officials suggest students should have more schooldays in June.B.Officials believe snow days put students behind in their studies.C.Students have to end snow days earlier than planned.D.Students won’t have sleddin g classes at school.2.The student reporter, Jordan Dewar, believes that _____.A.siblings can help each other with their studies on e-daysB.students can learn better on e-days than on makeup daysC.having e-days in winter will save the cost of air-conditioningD.students should study online when it snows heavily on weekdays3.What does the word “ditch” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A.give up B.put off C.carry out D.pay for4.The writer mentions the statements on the AASA Web site to _____.A.explain the reason to hold the e-day programB.show the difficulty of running the e-day programC.suggest government should spend more money on educationD.stress why some students can’t afford computers for online classesC15、No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22, 1998. It was started to protect the environment. Bynow, more than 1,000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001. Other cities including Taipei, Shanghai and Wuhan, also support the day.In Beijing, more and more people are taking part in the activity. It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work. It also calls on Beijingers not to use cars on June 5th (World Environment Day). The slogan for the day is, “If we drive for one less day, we can have one more nice day.”So far, more than 200,000 drivers have shown their support. "We can't control the weather, but we can choose not to drive," said Wu Zhonghua, a car club chairman. Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year. In the first quarter of 2007, Beijing only had 52 blue sky days. This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year. Much of the dust(尘土) comes from the desert, but cars cause most of the air pollution. We must do more for No Car Day.1.No Car Day was started _______.A.to save moneyB.to control the weatherC.to make the air cleaner2.The No Car Day activity asks Beijing drivers _______.A.not to work on World Environment DayB.to ride a bike or walk instead of driving to work once a monthC.to leave their cars at home for a week each month3.When is World Environment Day?A.On July 5th.B.On June 5th.C.On September 22nd.4.Which of the following about No Car Day is WRONG?A.It was started in France in September, 1998.B.It is supported by over 1,000 cities around the world.C.It was first started by a car club chairman in Beijing.5.cause most of the air pollution.A.Dust. B.Cars C.BeijingersD16、1.You can ________ in the African village.A.watch an old dance B.enjoy the village lifeC.find sea animals D.try the future life2.People in the old village live a ______ life.A.rich B.poor C.happy D.simple3.If Tomwants to know the life in the future, he can go to ________.A.The Future Tower B.The Wonder LandC.The Old Village D.The Underwater WorldE17、For this little boy,it was the coldest winter.In that winter,his father lost a leg in an accident. He couldn’t go out to work again.From then on,his father became another person. He often lost his temper and beat him.One night, the boy was walking slowly lonely on the street. He passed a lovely small shop, He looked at some nice packages(包) of coffee quietly for a long time. An idea came into his mind .He knew his father loved coffee and he knew stealing was no good.But all he could think of was his father’s smile.He soon put a package of coffee into his jacket and ran back home.He ga ve the coffee to his father,who gave a smile that the boy had missed for so long.But,unfortunately,before his father could taste the coffee,the shopkeeper broke in and caught the boy. His father beat him again.Years later, he became a successful businessman. One day, his mother called and said his father wanted to see him. Busy working, he refused. Weeks later, he heard the sad news that his father had______When he went through the relics(衣物),he found an old box.Inside the box was the coffee that he had stolen from the shop.On the cover was his father’s handwriting:“Th egift from my son.”There was also a letter:“Dear son,I’m a failure as a father. But I also have a dream—to own a coffee shop, where I can make cups of coffee for you. I’m sorry I didn’t make it.”Sadness suddenly occupied him. He regretted not meeting his father for the last time, and decided to complete hi s father’s dream. After quitting his own job, he started a coffee business.The coffee business is now a huge success. And the little boy is Howard Schultz—the owner of the multinational corporation Starbucks.1.Why did the boy’s father become a different person?A.Because the boy didn’t study very hard.B.Because he lost a leg and couldn’t support the family.C.Because he lost an arm in an accident.D.Because it was the coldest winter.2.From the second passage, we could infer that________________.A.the boy wanted to taste the delicious coffeeB.the boy liked stealing thingsC.the boy wanted to make his father happyD.the boy’s mother liked drinking coffee3.What did the boy regret most?A.Not meeting his father for the last time.B.Stealing coffee in a coffee shop.C.not completing his father’s dream.D.Getting troubling for his family.4.What does the underlined part “pass away” mean?A.出国B.通过C.外出D.去世5.The writer wants to tell us _____________.A.Howard Schultz started a coffee business to co mplete his father’s dreamB.the father was kind to the boy and never beat himC.the little boy is Howard Schultz—the owner of KFCD.the boy’s mother loved his coffee so much that she kept it in an old boxF18、Nina felt nervous this morning. She couldn’t b elieve that she decided to try out for a talent show. She loved to sing but she disliked singing in front of other people.Taking a deep breath, she pushed open the door of the theater and went inside.The room was filled with laughing children. Nina saw Luz, James and others from her class. The bright, sunny room left her no place to hide. A few teachers sat on chairs. They waited for the children to become quiet.“Hi, Nina!” Luz called out. “I didn’t think you would try out. You are so timid(胆怯的) in front of people.”“That’s not true,” Nina said. “I’m not shy at all.”“Yeah, right,” Luz chuckled(轻声地笑) and ran off to find a seat.One by one the students got up on the stage(舞台) and did their acts.“Nina Martinez!” a voice called out. It was Mrs. Brent, the m usic teacher. Nina rose from her chair. She felt small as she walked to the huge, empty stage. Her face was hot and her shaking hands were as cold as ice.“I-I-” Nina began, and then stopped. “I can’t,” she said softly.“Close your eyes,” said Mrs. Brent gently. “Forget about everyone else. Just sing.”Nina felt silly, but she gave it a try. She closed her eyes and raised her voice and sang out. Her hands stopped shaking. The song was so nice that everybody enjoyed it.Nina heard Mrs. Brent clap (鼓掌) loudly at the end of her song. “That’s the first time I have really heard your voice,” she said. “You are in the show!”Nina let out a big sigh(叹息) and smiled happily.1.What was the weather like that day?A.Sunny. B.Rainy. C.Snowy. D.Cloudy.2.Why did Luz laugh as he ran off to his seat? Because .A.he thought Nina looked sillyB.he thought Nina was very funnyC.he did not believe Nina was telling the truthD.he did not believe Nina had a good music teacher3.When Nina walked to stage, her face was hot and her hands were cold. That’s becauseshe was .A.very excited B.badly illC.too nervous D.so happy4.Mrs. Brent told Nina to just sing for herself. It showed that Mrs. Brent .A.wanted Nina to do wellB.thought Nina’s voice was too softC.did not think Nina would be in the showD.did not think Nina would remember the song5.Which word best describes Nina at the end of the story?A.Silly. B.Lucky. C.Proud. D.Terrible.Ⅴ.书面表达19、践行文明礼仪从我做起,下周五要举办"文明礼仪伴我成长"为主题的英文征文比赛,请根据下面要点写一篇英文短文参赛。

Windows Data Types

Windows Data Types

Windows数据类型由微软Windows操作系统所支持的各种数据类型是用来定义函数的返回值、函数和消息的参数以及结构体成员(因为Win32程序是用C语言来编写,所以没有“类”这个概念)的。

这些数据类型定义了上述元素的尺码(在内存中的,也就是占用内存的字节数)和含义。

笔者以前一直不太注意这些东西,结果在程序设计时可谓步履维艰。

不同类型的常/变量,在程序用扮演的角色相去甚远,了解这些类型,对剖析程序的工作原理是非常有用的。

今天又是周末,我把这些类型列出来,然后把它们的“原形”也找出来——是不是很像“照妖镜”呀。

下面这张表里包括这些类型:字符类型(character),整数类型(integer),逻辑值类型(布尔型,海峡那边的兄弟们喜欢叫“布林型”,Boolean),指针类型(pointer),句柄型(handle)。

其中,字符类型、整数类型和逻辑值(布尔)类型是C语言编译器通用的,也就是与标准C语言一样。

大多数指针类型都是以P(Pointer)或者LP(Long Pointer)前缀开头。

“句柄”是指被装载进内存的一个资源(本质而言就是指一定范围内的唯一编号)。

下面这张表是我结合MSDN里的资料制作的,因为自己也是初学,做的还比较粗糙,请大家多多指正:)Windows数据类型本质类型字节数定义过程(来历)含义ATOM unsigned short 2 unsigned short→WORD→ATOM 在Atom表中,一键(16位整数)一值(一个String)为一个Atom。

BOOL int * int→BOOL 逻辑变量,布尔值(取值为TRUE 或FALSE)BOOLEAN u nsigned char 1 unsigned char→BYTE→BOOLEAN 逻辑变量,布尔值(取值为TRUE 或FALSE)BYTE u nsigned char 1 unsigned char→BYTE 字节型,8位。

C语言指针变量

C语言指针变量
1=&a; ”语句,则&*pointer_1 是什么 含义? *&a 含义是什么? (pointer_1)++和 pointer_1++的区别? 【示例】输入 a 和 b 两个整数,按先大后小的顺序输出。 #include <stdio.h> int main(){ int *max, *min,*tmp, a, b; scanf("%d, %d",&a, &b); max=&a; min=&b; if(*max < *min){ // 交换指针变量的值,tmp 为临时变量 tmp=max; max=min; min=tmp; } printf("a=%d, b=%d\n", a, b); printf("max=%d, min=%d\n", *max, *min); return 0; } 运行结果:
图所示: 如果执行如下表达式: *p2=*p1; 则表示把 p1 指向的内容赋给 p2 所指的区域,此时就变成下图所 示: 通过指针访问它所指向的变量是以间接访问的形式进行的,所以 比直接访问一个变量要费时间,而且不直观,因为通过指针要访问哪 一个变量, 取决于指针的值 (即指向) , 例如*p2=*p1;实际上就是 j=i;, 前者不仅速度慢而且目的不明。但由于指针是变量,我们可以通过改 变它们的指向,以间接访问不同的变量,这给程序员带来灵活性,也 使程序代码编写得更为简洁和有效。 指针变量可出现在表达式中,设: int x, y, *px=&x; 指针变量 px 指向整数 x,则*px 可出现在 x 能出现的任何地方。 例如: y=*px+5; //表示把 x 的内容加 5 并赋给 y y=++*px; //px 的内容加上 1 之后赋给 y, ++*px 相当于++(*px) y=*px++; //相当于 y=*px; px++ 指针使用举例: #include <stdio.h> int main(){ int a=100, b=10;

常见编译错误解析ppt课件

常见编译错误解析ppt课件

常见编译器错误提示(三)
Conversion may lose significant digits -----------------转换时会丢失意义的数字 Conversion of near pointer not allowed -----------------不允许转换近指针 Could not find file ‘’xxx‘’ -----------------------找不到XXX文件 Declaration missing ; ----------------说明缺少";“ Declaration syntax error -----------------说明中出现语法错误 Default outside of switch ------------------ Default 出现在switch语句之外 Define directive needs an identifier ------------------定义编译预处理需要标识符 Division by zero ------------------用零作除数 Do statement must have while ------------------ Do-while语句中缺少while部分 Enum syntax error ---------------------枚举类型语法错误
常见编译器错误提示(五)
Hexadecimal or octal constant too large ------------------16进制或8进制常数太大 Illegal character ''x'' ------------------非法字符x Illegal initialization ------------------非法的初始化 Illegal octal digit ------------------非法的8进制数字 Illegal pointer subtraction ------------------非法的指针相减 Illegal stru----非法的结构体操作 Illegal use of floating point -----------------非法的浮点运算 Illegal use of pointer --------------------指针使用非法 Improper use of a typedefsymbol ----------------类型定义符号使用不恰当 In-line assembly not allowed -----------------不允许使用行间汇编

chat的用法和短语例句

chat的用法和短语例句

chat的用法和短语例句【篇一】 chat 的用法chat的用法1:chat的基本意思是轻松、无拘无束地、愉快地、语流松散地、不假思索地谈话,一般作聊“天,闲谈”解。

chat 的用法 2 :chat 只用作不及物动词,“闲谈”的内容常由介词 about 引出,“闲谈” 的对方常用介词to 或 with 引出。

chat 的用法 3 :chat 与 over 连用,表示“一边…一边聊天”。

chat 的用法 4 :chat 作“闲聊,聊天”解时,是可数名词,偶尔可作不可数名词,意思是“说长道短”。

chat 的用法 5 :chat 后常接 about 引出闲聊的内容,接 with 引出与之闲谈的“对方”。

【篇二】 chat 的常用短语用作动词 (v.)chat of〔about〕(v.+prep.) chat over(v.+prep.)chat with(v.+prep.)【篇三】 chat 的用法例句1. You can chat to other people who are online.你可以和其他在线的人聊天。

2. Whatever you want to chat about, we ’l l do it tonight.不管你想聊些什么,我们今晚聊个够。

3. I thought I’d, you know, have a chat with you.我想我应该,呃,和你谈谈。

4. I met him first at his house where we had a chat.我初次见他是在他家里,当时我们聊了一会儿。

5. Not being a mother, I found the chit-chat exceedingly dull.我没当母亲,所以觉得那样的闲谈无聊透顶。

6. He had once had his own networked chat show.他曾经拥有自己的电视联播访谈节目。

2020年小升初六年级英语专项突破07《翻译题》 (通用版含答案)

2020年小升初六年级英语专项突破07《翻译题》 (通用版含答案)

小升初英语应试题型专项突破专题07《翻译题》一、英译汉1.将下列词组翻译成英文。

①第一天________②在课后________③八门科目________④拍照________⑤散步________⑥赏月________⑦变得更强壮________⑧在你右边________⑨顺便问一下________⑩在夏天________2.英汉互译。

①问路________②—只有趣的猴子________③春节________④禁止吸烟________⑤起床________⑥look thesame ________⑦a map of China ________⑧half pastsix ________⑨have a chat ________⑩blow out________3.英汉词组互译。

①刚才________②上交、交纳________③出去________④做鬼脸________⑤上气不接下气________⑥go for awalk________⑦find out________⑧belong to________⑨come on________⑩right away________4.英汉互译。

1.三点一刻_______________________2.第一层楼_______________________3.去年_______________________4.她的手表_______________________5.我最喜欢的食物___________________6. have a look_______________________7. be good at_______________________8.take off_______________________9. get on_______________________ 10. ride a bike_______________________ 5.英汉词组互译。

C语言函数指针函数指针数组的用法

C语言函数指针函数指针数组的用法

C语⾔函数指针函数指针数组的⽤法* pointer1 //该指针指向从该地址开始⼀个1字节的内容short int* pointer2; //该指针指向从该地址开始⼀个2字节的内容long int* pointer3; //该指针指向从该地址开始⼀个4字节的内容long long int* ponter4; //该指针指向从该地址开始⼀个8字节的内容pointer1++ 使其对应内存地址移动⼀个字节pointer2++ 使其对应内存地址移动两个字节pointer3++ 使其对应内存地址移动三个字节pointer4++ 使其对应内存地址移动四个字节typedef void(*FUNC)(void); //定义函数指针类型FUNC//打印函数void printpass(){puts("congratunation!");}void printfail(){puts("sorry!");}void doprint(int *score,FUNC f) //执⾏打印任务{printf("your score is %d.\n",*score); //通过数据指针访问它所指向的数据if(NULL!=f)f();}int main(){const int count = 30;int scores[count];puts("please input the scores.");int *p=scores;for(int i=0;i<count;++i){scanf("%d",p); //将输⼊的地址保存在p所指向的数据元素++p;}//让p重新指向第⼀个元素p=scores;FUNC pfunc=NULL; //⽤函数指针(FUNC f)传递函数for(int i=0;i<count;++i){if((*p)>=60)pfunc=printpass;elsepunc=printfail;doprint(p,pfunc);++p;}return 0;}typedef struct{void **pMem; //指向队列缓存uint8_t memSize; //队列⼤⼩uint8_t readIndex; //读队列索引uint8_t writeIndex; //写队列索引}Queuemsg_stu_t;数组⽐较u8 gui[5]={1,2,3,4,5},zhou[5]={1,2,3,4,5};if (memcmp(&gui, &zhou, sizeof(zhou)) == 0)// (memcmp(gui, zhou, sizeof(zhou)) {}只要gui[]和zhou[]内容⼀样,⽐对取地址和值都是可以⽐对成功Task_stu_t *pTask_stu_t;pTask_stu_t = (Task_stu_t *)EEEPROM_BASE_ADDR;&(pTask_stu_t->timeStamp)); 地址(pTask_stu_t->timeStamp)); 值int *ip;int vaar=20;ip=&vaar;printf(" *ip=%d\r\n", *ip); printf(" vaar=%d\r\n", vaar);*ip=30;printf(" *ip=%d\r\n", *ip);printf(" vaar=%d\r\n", vaar);函数参数传递。

闽南语音标入门

闽南语音标入门

闽南语国际音标(白话字Peh-oe-ji)<一>字母Aa Bb Cc Ee Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Ss Tt Uu<二>子音(声母)p-ph-b-m--t-th-l-n -[p‘]--[m]--[t]-[t‘]-[l]-[n] 卑-披-未-棉--知-耻-离-尼k-kh-g-ng-h-ch-chh-s-j [k]-[k‘]-[g]-[]-[h]-[ts]-[ts‘]-[s]-[dz] 基-欺-疑-硬-希-之-痴-诗-儿(1).子音j今仅见于漳属各县市(漳浦县除外)和台湾,泉属的惠安、永春以及厦门的同安区偶有见到。

今厦门、泉州大多并入子音l, 漳浦并入g.(2).h, p, t, k兼用作入声韵尾符号,做入声韵尾符号时,只有成阻动作,不发出声来。

(3).中括号内为国际音标。

<三>母音(韵母)1.基本元音 a e o o/ou i u ee ir er [a] [e] [o] [] [ i ] [u] [ε] [ш] [γ] 阿鞋窝乌衣污哑猪锅(1).前六个为厦门音基本元音,漳州音增加ee;泉州音增加ш和γ2.介音韵ai au ia oa iau oai [ai][au][ia][ua][iau][uai] 哀欧耶蛙妖歪oe ui io iu iou [ue][ui][io][iu][i] 话威腰尤(喏)3.鼻尾韵m ng an in ian un oan am im [m][][an][in][ian][un][uan][am][im] 呣秧安因烟温弯庵音iam eng angong iang iong (oang)(om)[iam][i][a][] [ia] [ua] [m] 阉英红汪央央(风) (森) (1) “风”是同安音,“森”是漳州音4.鼻化韵aN iN eN oN uN iaN oaN (oeN)[a~] [i~] [e~] [~] [u~] [ia~] [ua~][ue~]馅圆婴恶囗营鞍(糜)iuN ioN uiN auN aiN oaiN iauN [iu~] [i~][ui~][au~][ai~][uai~][iau~] 杨羊黄嗷闲(关) 喵(1).aN=a; iN=i; eN=e;…,其余同理;(2). “糜”“羊”“黄”是漳州音;“闲”是同安音;(3).“囗”“嗷”“喵”是象声词5.入声韵ah-eh-oh-ouh-ih-uh-iah-ioh [a][e][o][][i][u][ia][io] 鸭-嗝-学-(膜)-(鳖)-(嗍)-页-药iuh-oah-oeh-uih-aih-auh-iauh-oaih [iu][ua][ue][ui][ai][au][iau][uai] 匊-活-狭-(血)-鸭-(雹)-蛲-囗ahN-auhN-ihN-ouhN-aihN-ehN-oaihN-mh [a~][au~][i~][~][ai~][e~][uai~][m](趿)-(荥)-囗-囗-囗-囗-囗-(默)ngh-ap-ak-at-ek-ip-it-ut [][ap][ak][at][ik][ip][it][ut] (蹭)-压-沃-遏-益-揖-乙-兀iap-iak-iat-ok-iok-oat-op- [iap][iak][iat][k][uat][p] 叶-(煏)-谒-屋-约-越-囗-(1).“aih鸭”是同安音;“op”是漳州音;(2).“囗”代表各象声词,有音无字闽南语声调调名:阴平阴上阴去阴入阳平阳去阳入调值:44 53 21 32 24 22 4标调符:不标调ˊˋ不标调^ —'代码1 2 3 4 5 7 8例一kim kím kìm kip ki&acirc;m kīm ki'p kim kim2 kim3 kip kiam5 kim7 kip8 金锦禁级咸妗及例二kun kún kùn kut k&ucirc;n kūn ku't kun kun2 kun3 kut kun5 kun7 kut8 君滚棍骨裙郡滑例三tong tóng tòng tok t&ocirc;ng tōng to'k tong tong2 tong3 tok tong5 tong7 tok8 东党栋督同洞独例四pe péèpeh pêpēpe'h pe pe2 e3 peh pe5 pe7 peh8 飞把秽伯爬倍白例五chanchán chàn chat ch&acirc;n chān cha't chan chan2 chan3 chat chan5 chan7 chat8 曾盏赞节层赠实注:(1).第1声(阴平)和第4声(阴入)没标调; (2).本表设计不包含"轻声"啲内容。

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如:float *pointer_1;
char *pointer_2;
赋值操作:
如: float i; char j; pointer_1=&i;
pointer_2=&j;
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C语言程序设计
1、定义一个指针变量 注意:
(1) 指针变量前面的“ * ”,表示该变量的类型为指针型 变量。 例: int *pointer_1; 指针变量名是pointer_1 ,而不是* pointer_1 。 (2) 在定义指针变量时必须指定基类型。 一个指针变量只 下面的赋值是错误的∶ 能指向同类型的 float a; 变量,本例中 pointer_1只能指 int * pointer_1; 向整形变量。 pointer_1=&a;
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C语言程序设计
本课要点( Targets )
• • • •
地址、指针与指针变量的概念 指针变量的定义、初始化、引用 指针的运算 指针变量作为函数参数
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C语言的数据类型
整型 int
基本类型 字符型 char
数据类型
构造类型 共用体类型(联合)union (派生类型)
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C语言程序设计
“指针”和“指针变量”是不同的概 念。 可以说变量i的指针是2000,而不能说 i的指针变量是2000。 指针是一个地址,而指针变量是一种 特殊的变量,它是存放地址的变量。
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8.2 指针变量
int i; int *i_pointer = &i;
等价
i=3;
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*i_pointer = 3;
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1、定义一个指针变量
指针变量的定义包括3个内容:
其一般形式为: 基类型 * 指针变量名; 指针变量名
指针类型说明 指针变量所指向的变量的类型
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1、定义一个指针变量
定义指针变量:
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C语言程序设计
加减算术运算
指针变量的加减运算只能对数组指针变量进 行,对指向其它类型变量的指针变量作加减 运算是毫无意义的。 只有指向同一数组的两个指针变量之间才能 进行运算,否则运算毫无意义。(两个指针变 量之间的运算) 两指针变量相减所得之差是两个指针所指数 组元素之间相差的元素个数(数组元素下标之 差),是两个指针值(地址)相减之差再除以该 数组元素的长度(字节数)。
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pointer_2=&b; /*把变量b的地址赋给 pointer_2 */ printf(″%d,%d\n″,a,b); printf(″%d,%d\n″,*pointer_1, *pointer_2); return 0;}
运行结果为:
100,10 100,10
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C语言程序设计
指针变量的运算
赋值运算
加减算术运算 关系运算
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C语言程序设计
赋值运算
1、指针变量初始化赋值 例: int a,*p=&a; 2、指针变量取地址赋值 例: int a,*p ; p=&a; 3、相同类型指针变量之间的赋值 例: int a,b,*p1,*p2; p1=&a; p2=&b; p1=p2; 4、指针变量取数组首地址的赋值 例: int a[5],*p; p=a; 36 /54 生物医学工程学院
枚举类型 enum
单精度实型 float 浮点型(实型) 数组类型 [ ] 双精度实型 double 结构体类型 struct
指针类型
空类型(无值类型) void
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指针(pointer)
指针是C语言的重要数据类型,也是C语言 的精华所在。 主要优点(用途): 指针作为函数参数,实现为函数间各类 数据的传递提供简洁便利的方法。 更方便、更灵活地使用数组和字符串。 有效的表示复杂的数据结构,如链表, 实现动态内存分配。
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C语言程序设计
2、指针变量的引用
注意:指针变量中只能存放地址(指针),绝不能赋予 任何其它数据,否则将引起错误。
例1: 通过指针变量访问整型变量(指针变量的使用 )。
#include <stdio.h> int main ( ) 指针变量使用 {int a,b; 之前必须赋予 int *pointer_1,*pointer_2; 具体的值。 a=100;b=10; pointer_1=&a; /*把变量a的地址赋给 pointer_1 */
* : 指针运算符,取指针所指向的对象的内容。 含义: &* pointer_1和&a的含义是一样的,
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C语言程序设计
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C语言程序设计
2、指针变量的引用
对“&”和“*”运算符说明:
(3) *&a的含义是什么?
含义:*&a和*pointer_1的作用是一样的,它 们都等价于变量a。即*&a与a等价。 (4) (*pointer_1)++相当于a++。
C语言程序设计
指针变量的赋值 注意:
不允许把一个数直接赋予指针变量。 int *p; p=1000; 被赋值的指针变量前不能再加“ * ”说明符 。 int *p; *p=&a;
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C语言程序设计
指针变量的赋值
正确的用法:
int i=200, x; int *p; p=&i; x=*p; (等价于x=i) *p=90; (等价于i=90)
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C语言程序设计
一个变量的地址称为该变量的“指针” 。 例如,地址2000是变量i的指针。 如果有一个变量专门用来存放另一变量 的地址(即指针),则它称为“指针变 量”。 i_pointer就是一个指针变量。指针变量 就是地址变量,用来存放地址的变量, 指針变量的值是地址(即指针)。
C语言程序设计
第8章
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C语言程序设计
主要内容( Contents )
8.1 指针是什么 8.2 指针变量 8.3 通过指针引用数组 8.4 通过指针引用字符串 8.5 指向函数的指针 8.6 返回指针值的函数 8.7 指针数组和多重指针 8.8 动态内存分配与指向它的指针变量 8.9 有关指针的小结
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C语言程序设计
8.1 指针是什么
内存区的每一个字节有一个编号,这就是 “地址”,它相当于旅馆中的房间号。 在地址所标识的内存单元中存放数据,这相 当于旅馆房间中居住的旅客一样。 由于通过地址能找到所需的变量单元,我们 可以说,地址指向该变量单元。 将地址形象化地称为“指针”。
C语言程序设计
加减算术运算
对于指向数组的指针变量,可以加上或减去 一个整数n。 指针变量加或减一个整数n的意义是把指针指 向的当前位置(指向某数组元素)向后或向前移 动n个数组元素的位置。
例: int a[5],*pa; pa=a; /* pa指向数组a,也是指向a[0] */ pa=pa+2; /* pa指向a[2],即pa的值为&a[2] */
直接存取
3 2000
int i,*i_pointer =&i; *i_pointer =3;
间接存取
i_pointer
2000
i
*i_pointer 3
2000
通过指针变量访问它所指向的一个变量称为“间接访问” 11 /54 的方式。(间接存取) 生物医学工程学院
C语言程序设计
为了表示将数值3送到变量中,可以 有两种表达方法: (1)将3直接送到变量i所标识的单元中, 例如:i=3; (2)将3送到变量i_pointer所指向的单元 (即变量i的存储单元),例如: *i_pointer=3; 其中*i_pointer表示 i_pointer指向的对象(即变量i)。
将9送到这里
直接存取
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直接访问
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int i=3,j=6,k; 定义特殊变量i_pointer i_pointer=&i;
50
*i_pointer=50;
将i的地址 存到这里
间接存取
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间接访问
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C语言程序设计 按变量地址直接存取变量值的方式称为“直接访问”方式。 (直接存取) int i; i i=3;
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C语言程序设计
8.1 指针是什么
如果在程序中定义了一个变量,在对程序进 行编译时,系统就会给该变量分配内存单元。
编译系统根据程序中定义的变量类型,分配 一定长度的空间。
例如,VC++为整型变量分配4个字节,对单精 度浮点型变量分配4个字节,对字符型变量 分配1个字节。
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C语言程序设计
指针变量的赋值
设有指向整型变量的指针变量p,如要把整型 变量a 的地址赋予p可以有以下两种方式: (1) 指针变量初始化的方法 int a; int *p=&a; (2) 赋值语句的方法 int a; int *p; p=&a;
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