TEM4 模拟试题16[1]
全国大学英语四级模拟题16及答案
全国大学英语四级模拟题16及答案Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:At dawn on Septemb er 5th, 1972 a band of “Black September” Arab guerrillas broke into the Israeli building in the Olympic village near Munich where 10,000 athletes were staying. Over 250 plain clothes police had been brought into the village, following a tip off of trouble ahead, but none of them saw the Arabs scale the fence. They burst into the Israeli building with submachine guns blazing at 5:10 am. Some Israeli athletes escaped through the windows and side doors. Nine were taken hostage. The guerrillas demanded the release of 200 Palestinians held inIsraeli jails and a safe passage out of Germany. Within hours the Olympic village was surrounded by 13000 police. The Olympic Games were suspended. After some negotiations, the terrorists were told they would be flown with their hostages to an Arab country. They were taken by helicopter to the Furstenfield military airport 25 miles from Munich. Just before midnight the guerrillas and their hostages began to walk across the tarmac to a waiting Boeing 727 aircraft. Suddenly al the airport lights were turned out and German police sharp shooters opened fire. The rescue attempt failed tragically. In the gun battle all nine hostages were killed, as well as four Arabs and onepoliceman. Three Arabs were captured and one escaped into the nearby woods. On the 8th, Israeli planes bombed ten guerilla bases in revenge for Munich massacre.21.The most possible reason for Israeli athletes being attacked and kidnapped is that ____.A.they had a conflict with the Arab guerrillasB.the Arab guerrillas wanted to save the Palestinians held in Israeli jailsC.the German Government hated IsraelD.the Arab guerrillas hoped to get a large sum of money22.When the trouble took place, the Olympic Games ____.A.were completedB.were going onC.were to be finishedD.were to take place23.The terrorists were told that they would be probably sent by air to ____.A.ItalyB.IndiaC.SyriaD.Nigera24.How many Arabs were there as terrorists?A.Seven.B.Eight.C.Nine.D.It wasn’t mentioned.25.What do you think Palestine and Israel would act next?A.They would begin another conflict.B.They would begin to negotiate.C.They would try to improve each other’s relation.D.They would turn to UN.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Follow the following tips to reduce your stress to manageable levels! Avoid “Must” think. Let go of t he notion that you must do something in a certain way—for example, “Imust get a great score on a test, or else.” This thought pattern only adds to the stress you’ll feel.Evaluate your situation coldly and analytically, and not as a “life or death”situation. Watch the Mess. Don’t study in a messy or cramped area. Clear yourself a nice, open space that’s free of distractions. Set Manageable Goals. Break large projects into smaller and doableparts and you’ll feel a positive sense of accomplishment as you finish each part.Ocean Dumping. Visualize yourself walking on a beautiful beach, carrying a sandpail. Stop at a good spot and put your worries into the pail. Drop the pail andwatch as it drifts away into the ocean. Think Good Thoughts. Create a set of positive but brief affirmations and mentally repeat them to yourself just before you fall asleep at night, and you will feel a lot more positive in the morning. ImagineYourself Succeeding. Close your eyes and remember a real life situation in which you did well. Imagine facing your stressful situation with the same feelingsof confidence. Use Your Bed for Sleeping, not Studying. Your mind may start toassociate your bed with work, which will make it harder for you to fall asleep.Soothing Sounds. If you want to play music, keep it low in the background. Classical music especially can aid the learning process. Take a Hike, Pal. Need a study break? Take a short, brisk walk. Clear your mind.26.If you meet a great difficulty, how can you reduce your stress?A.To retreat from it.B.To imagine that you are successful.C.To turn to others.D.To divide it into small parts and finish them one after another.27.“Ocean Dumping”really means ____.A.putting things into the oceanB.forgetting one’s worriesC.swimming in the oceanD.sailing across the ocean28.The passage might be taken from ____.A.a science fictionB.a report of a psychologistC.a popular magazineD.a text book29.According to the passage, which kind of people are easy to come underpressure?A.Open minded people.B.People with tidy habbits.C.Self confident people.D.Work addicts.30.As for the following statements about how to reduce one’s stress, which one hasn’t been mentioned?A.To work in a nice and neat environment.B.To smile when one fails.C.To divide an object into small parts.D.To have a rest after a long time’s work.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:It isn’t often that an entire industry is symbolized in the f igure of a singlehuman being, and such is the case with Canadian aviation and the aircraft industry. The man is theHon. John A.D.McCurdy, and the life story of this still vigorous, distinguished Canadian is at once and at the same time the thrilling historyof aviation’s progress in Canada.It all began one cold February day in 1909 at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, when JohnMcCurdy confounded the critics by flying the Silver Dart, an aircraft designed byhimself, for half a mile over the ice of Bras deor Lakes. This was the first powered flight in Canada and the first by a British subject in the Commonwealth.McCurdy gave proof of his flying ability—and of the development and the use of the aileron by being the first man in the world to execute a figure eight inthe air. He became the first to pilot a flying boat, taking off from Long Island Sound. He flew the first airplane to Mexico. In 1911 he had made the longest flightto date, and that over open sea 90 miles from Key West to Havana. He won the first cross country race in Canada 40 miles from Hamilton to Toronto—and he transmitted the first radiomessage from aircraft.When World War Ⅱcame, McCurdy took on board supervisory authority for Canadian aircraft production by serving with the government in various senior positions.Following World War Ⅱ, McCurdy was honored by being made lieutenant governorof Nova Scotia where he made Canada’s first historic flight. He now lives in Montreal with a summer home in Baddeck, site of his first flight.31.According to the pasage, which of the following statements is NOT trueabout McCurdy?A.He was a Canadian.B.He is regarded as the symbol of Canadian aviation and aircraft industry.C.He is the first man to finish a figure eight in the air.D.He now lives in Baddeck.32.The “Silver Dart”is ____.A.the name of a weaponB.a plane bought by McCurdyC.the nickname of a famous Canadian pilotD.a plane designed by McCurdy33.McCurdy is NOT the first one to ____.A.fly in CanadaB.pilot a flying boatC.fly from Key West to TorontoD.fly to Mexico34.Nowadays, McCurdy ____.A.lives in Montreal in summerB.is the lieutenant governor of Nova ScotiaC.is still very active and energeticD.is the government’s counsellor35.The best title for this passage is ____.A.How McCurdy Became a Famous Canadian PilotB.McCurdy’s Legendary ExperienceC.McCurdy and the Canandian AviationD.McCurdy—the Symbol of American Aviation and the Aircraft IndustryQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The oldest and simplest method, then of describing differences in personalitywas to classify people according to types, and such a system is called a Typology.A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 BC.A physician named Hippocrates theorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.The four humors were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm. A person in whom all four humors were in perfect balance had a harmonious personality. If a person had too much blood, he was called sanguine(血红色), or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much yellow bile was choleric, or irritable and easily angered. Too much black bile made a person melancholy, or depressed and pessimistic. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be phlegmatic, or slow and unfeeling. Scientists have long since discarded Hippocrates’ fluid theory. But the names of the humors, corresponding to these temperaments, have survived and are still useful, to some extent, in describingpersonality.Other features of people, such as their faces and physics, have also been usedto classify personality. Today, however, personality theories and classificationsmay also include factors such as heredity(遗传特征), the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. Psychology, biology, and sociology are involved in thesetheories. Because of the complexity of human personality, present day theories are often very different from one another. Psychologists vary in their ideas about what is most important in determining personality.36.According to Hippocrates’fluid theory, a man with too much phlegm will be ____.A.optimisticB.easily angeredC.unexcitableD.pessimistic37.The main idea of this passage is about ____.A.the complicated factors in determining one’s personalityB.Hippocrates’fluid theory and its developmentC.the past and today of personality classifications and theoriesD.different personalities and their details38.At present, psychologists ____.A.have common opinion about personality theories and classifications/doc/7a14252553.html,e biology, archaeology and sociology to study personality theoriesC.have abandoned Hippocrates’fluid theory entirelyD.all agree that human beings are characterized with complex personalities39.The third paragraph mainly talks about ____.A.Hippocrates’fluid theoryB.scientists’points of view on Hippocrutes’fluid theoryC.Hippocrates’fluid theory and its fateD.defects in Hipp ocrates’fluid theory40.According to this passage the factors which are still NOT used to classify personality are ____.A.one’s born features and needs of love and successB.one’s height and weightC.one’s hobbies and idealsD.the environment and intelligencePart ⅢV ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.Though badly damaged by fire, the palace was eventually ____ to itsoriginal splendour.A.repairedB.renewedC.restoredD.renovated42.High speed aircraft is made of metals that can ____ both high temperature and pressure.A.stand byB.put up withC.withholdD.withstand43.Before the arrival of the white man, Australia was ____ only by Aborigines.A.livedB.residedC.dwelledD.inhabited44.The ____ of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually make jobs easier to do.A.additionB.associationC.applicationD.affection45.In the bitter cold, the explorers managed to ____ despite the shortage of food.A.liveB.surviveC.bearD.endure46.John wants to dispose ____ his old car and buy a new one.A.onB.inC.ofD.to47.After my examination, I had a feeling of ____.A.freeB.releaseC.resortD.replace48.He failed his exam; it ____ him right because he had not studied forthe whole semester.A.servedB.gaveC.taughtD.showed49.He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been ____.A.imposedB.exposed/doc/7a14252553.html,posedD.opposed50.It is ____ practice to bring a present to the hostess when one is invited to dinner.A.general/doc/7a14252553.html,ualC.ordinary/doc/7a14252553.html,mon51.Safety devices ____ in preventing accidents in the workshop.A.assistB.assureC.assembleD.contribute52. ____, it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with a eraser.A.Hard a diamond isB.Hard as a diamond isC.As a diamond is hardB.How hard is a diamond53.When you go to a new country, you must ____ yourself to new mannersand customs.A.adoptB.fitC.suitD.adapt54.The hotel ____ only $50 for a double room in the slack season.A.claimsB.pricesC.chargesD.demands55.Mr. Morgan can be very sad ____, though in public he is extremely cheerful.A.in personB.in privateC.by himselfD.as individual56.The father lost his ____ just because his son failed again in the final exam.A.mindB.moodC.passionD.temper57.It was urgent that he ____ her immediately.A.callsB.calledC.callD.would call58.He is of a ____ mood; he never finishes what he starts.A.differentB.variableC.variousD.distinctive59.An Olympic Marathon is 26 miles and 385 yards, approximately ____ from Marathon to Athens.A.the distanceB.distanceC.the distance isD.is the distance60.He is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on his ____.A.wordB.wordsC.permissionD.saying61.Although the examination he had passed was unimportant, his success____ him in his later study.A.persuadedB.promisedC.urgedD.encouraged62.I hope to hear more about the activities ____ there.A.going onB.being gone onC.being happenedD.to be happened63. You should____ these tables and buy new ones.A.throw offB.throw downC.throw upD.throw away64.I don’t think I know the girl with long hair although she ____ me ofsomeone I know.A.remembersB.recallsC.suggestsD.reminds65.Some discussion has ____ about who should be put in charge of this project.A.risenB.liftedC.raisedD.arisen66.There are some ____ flowers on the desk.A.artificialB.falseC.unrealD.untrue67.It is a ____ to hear his speech.A.boredB.boreC.boringD.boresome68.____ their suggestions, we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.A.In regard forB.In regard toC.With regard ofD.Regardless for69.Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people ____ harm them.A.more thanB.better thanC.other thanD.rather than70.How many more decades will have to pass ____ scientists succeed in providing a cure forcancer?A.whenB.sinceC.beforeD.untilPart ⅣCloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.By now you know that ___ (71) ___ your money’s worth is not just amatter of luck. It is more often the ___ (72) ___ of buying skill.___ (73) ___ , even the smartest consumers are sometimesfooled intothinking they are getting their money’s worth ___ (74) ___ they are not. At one ti me or another, almost everyone experiences deception in the marketplace. The deception may not be ___ (75) ___ . But, intentional or not,any kind of deception ___ (76) ___ consumer’s pocket books. Some kinds endanger their health and safety as well. ___ (77) ___ , consumersneed protection against the marketing of unsafe goods and false or misleading advertising. Fortunately, there are both public and ___ (78) ___ agencies working to meet the need.Government’s job in free enterprise system is to protect the public interest.The public is ___ (79) ___ entirely of consumers. When it ___ (80) ___ to protecting consumers, therefore, government has the ___ (81) ___ influence. ___ (82) ___ most consumer products are sold___ (83) ___ , the major responsibility for consumer protection is___ (84) ___ by the federal government. That responsibility, however,is ___ (85) ___ by many agencies. For example, the US Postal Serviceworks to uncover and stop dishonest ___ (86) ___ operated bymail. The National Highway Safety Bureau is ___ (87) ___ with all aspects of automobile safety. Certain federal agencies, however, have consumer protectionas one of their chief purposes. Four of these are described below.Most federal agencies are known ___ (88) ___ their initials. FDA stands for the Food and Drug Administration, which probably does more to protect consumers than any other agency. Its major concern is the safety, purity, and labelling of ___ (89) ___ , drugs, and cosmetics. These are the products___ (90) ___ which consumers spend an estimated 38% of their incomes.71.A.letting B.making C.getting D.becoming72.A.consequence B.methodC.reasonD.result73.A.Therefore B.NeverthelessC.FurthermoreD.Besides74.A.as B.when C.since D.even75.A.intentional B.deadlyC.dangerousD.harmful76.A.hurts B.ruins C.spoils D.injures77.A.Generally B.SimilarlyC.ObviouslyD.Exceptionally78.A.personal B.private C.secret D.state/doc/7a14252553.html,posed B.madeC.consistedD.constituted80.A.arrives B.gets /doc/7a14252553.html,es D.goes81.A.basic B.apparent C.least D.most82.A.If B.Although C.Unless D.Because83.A.nationally B.locallyC.intentionallyD.extensively84.A.assured B.assumed C.ensured D.insured85.A.caught B.shared C.divided D.separated86.A.hints B.warnings C.cautions D.schemes87.A.related B.concerned C.charged D.decided88.A.by B.to C.as D.for89.A.foods B.grains C.meats D.fruits90.A.on B.in C.by D.forPart ⅤWritingDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Migrant Workers”. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1.打工仔给城市生活带来的巨大变化。
2021tem4真题及答案解析
2021tem4真题及答案解析年TEM-4真题及答案解析随着全球化和经济交流的加深，学习外语成为了现代社会中不可或缺的一部分。
而英语作为全球通用语言之一，在各个考试中也备受关注。
其中，大学英语四级考试（TEM-4）是中国大陆许多大学在英语教学中所推崇的一项考试。
本文将就年TEM-4真题进行分析，帮助考生更好地解答该题，并取得理想的成绩。
首先，值得注意的是，TEM-4考试的重点不仅在于考察考生的听力、阅读和书写能力，更在于对语言运用的灵活性和应用能力的测试。
因此，考生在备考时需重点关注这两个方面。
在听力方面，年TEM-4真题中的听力部分主要聚焦于日常对话和资讯类报道。
考生需要通过听力理解来回答相关问题。
其中，可以采取积极的主动倾听为辅助策略。
主动倾听包括通过注意力集中、做好笔记和聚焦关键词来提高听力理解能力。
此外，还可以多参与多样的听力练习，不断提高对不同口音和语速的适应能力。
在阅读方面，TEM-4真题中的阅读部分包括了文章、广告和公告等多种文本形式。
阅读材料旨在考察考生的理解能力和解题能力。
在解答阅读题时，建议考生先迅速浏览全文，获取大体意思，然后有针对性地去解答问题。
识别关键词、使用上下文推理和学会找出对应信息是解答阅读题的有效方法。
在写作方面，TEM-4真题中的写作部分要求考生根据所提供的信息，写一篇短文或书信。
考生需要在有限的时间内将所学知识灵活运用，合理组织语言，完整表达自己的观点和想法。
因此，在备考写作时，考生除了需要掌握一定的语法和词汇知识外，更要注重练习，培养良好的写作习惯，如构思清晰、提纲挈领、写作逻辑严谨等。
为了更好地备考TEM-4，考生还可以参考历年真题和自测题。
通过对历年真题的研究，考生可以更好地了解考试的形式和限制，并针对性地进行复习。
此外，自测题可以帮助考生检验自己的学习情况，发现自己的不足之处并加以改进。
综上所述，备考TEM-4需要全方位的准备。
除了对语言知识的掌握外，考生还需要提高运用英语的灵活性和应用能力。
TEM-4考试分块练习大汇总及答案完项填空
TEM-4考试分块练习大汇总及答案完项填空TEM-4 Exercise3Cloze TestDirections: There are 6 passages in this part of the exercise. Each passage has 15 blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. Y ou should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Passage 1It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better 1)______ math than girls, that male high school students are more likely than their female counterparts 2)______ advanced math courses like calculus, that virtually all the great mathematicians 3)______ men. Are women born with 4)______ mathematical ability? Or does society's sexism slow their progress? In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried 5)______ the eternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow 6)______ 10,000 talented seventh and eighth graders between 1972 and 1979. Using the Scholastic Aptitude Test, in which math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered 7)______ sex differences. 8)______ the verbal abilities of the males and females 9)______ differed, twice as many boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at the 700 level, the ratio was 14 to 1. The conclusion: males have 10)______ superior mathematical reasoning ability.Benbow and Stanley's findings, 11)______ were published in "Science", disturbed some men and 12)______ women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests math 13)______ not, after all, a natural maledomain. Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 tenth graders. They were selected from geometry classes and tested on their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring 14)______ abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion 15)______ by Usiskin: there are no sex differences in math ability.1. A. at B. to C. of D. about2. A. in tackling B. tackling C. to tackle D. about tackling3. A. might be B. have been C. must be D. had been4. A. smaller B. less C. fewer D. not more5. A. to settle B. to set C. settling D. setting6. A. were tested B. have tested C. were testing D. had tested7. A. distinct B. instinct C. remote D. vague8. A. Since B. However C. As D. While9. A. scarcely not B. virtually C. largely D. hardly10. A. superficially B. universally C. inherently D. initially11. A. as B. that C. which D. all12. A. few B. not a few C. not few D. quite few13. A. be B. were C. was D. is14. A. none of B. neither of C. either D. both15. A. got B. gained C. reached D. accomplishedPassage 2We all know that a magician does not really depend on "magic" to perform his tricks, but on his ability to act at great speed. 16)______, this does not prevent us from enjoying watching a magician 17)______rabbits from a hat. 18)______ the greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini who died in 1926. Houdini mastered the art of 19)______. He could free himself from the tight test knots or the most complicated locks in seconds. 20)______ no one really knows how he did this, there is no doubt 21)______ he had made a close study of every type of lock ever invented. Heliked to carry a small steel needle like tool strapped to his leg and he used this in place of a key.Houdini once asked the Chicago police to lock him in prison. They 22)______ him in chains and locked him up, but he freed himself 23)______ an instant. The police 24)______ him of having used a tool and locked him up again . This time he wore no clothes and there were chains round his neck, waist, wrists, and legs; but he again escaped in a few minutes. Houdini had probably hidden his "needle" in a wax like 25)______ and dropped it on the floor in the passage. 26)______ he went past, he stepped on it so that it stuck to the bottom of his foot. His most famous escape, however, was 27)______ astonishing. He was heavily chained up and enclosed in an empty wooden chest, the lid of 28)______ was nailed down. The 29)______ was dropped into the sea in New Y ork harbor. In one minute Houdini had swum to the surface. When the chest was 30)______, it was opened and the chains were found inside.16. A. GenerallyB. HoweverC. Possibly D. Likewise17. A. to produce B. who producesC. produce D. how to produce18. A. Out of the question B. ThoughC. Probably D. Undoubted19. A. escaping B. locking C. opening D. dropping20. A. Surprisingly B. Obviously C. Perhaps D. Although21. A. if B. whether C. as to D. that22. A. involved B. closed C. connected D. bound23. A. at B. by C. in D. for24. A. rid B. charged C. accused D. deprived25. A. candle B. mud C. something D. substance26. A. AsB. UsuallyC. MaybeD. Then27. A. overall B. all but C. no longer D. altogether28. A. it B. which C. that D. him29. A. chest B. body C. lid D. chain30. A. brought up B. sunk C. broken apart D. snappedPassage 3Who won the World cup 1998 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 31)______ an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets giving the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reporters are on the spot to gather the news. Newspapers have one basic 32)______, to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 33)______ it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 34)______ inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 35)______, this competition merely spurred the newspaperson. They quickly make use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 36)______ and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 37)______ and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out into many other fields. Besides keeping readers 38)______ of the latest news, today's newspapers educate and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influenc e readers' economic choices 39)______ advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 40)______. Newspapers are sold at a price that41)______ even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main42)______ of income for most newspapers is commercialadvertising. The success in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 43)______ in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends somewhat on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 44)______ in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as source of information 45)______ the community, city, country, state, nation and world and even outer space.31. A. Just when B. While C. Soon after D. Before32. A. reason B. cause C. problem D. purpose33. A. make B. publish C. know D. write34. A. another B. other C. one another D. the other35. A. However B. And C. Therefore D. So36.A. value B. ratio C. rate D. speed37. A. spread B. passed C. printed D. completed38. A. inform B. be informed C. to be informed D. informed39. A. on B. through C. with D. of40. A. forms B. existence C. contents D. purpose41. A. tries to cover B. manages to coverC. fails to cover D. succeeds in42. A. source B. origin C. course D. finance43. A. measures B. measuredC. is measured D. was measured44. A. offering B. offeredC. which offered D. to be offered45. A. by B. with C. at D. aboutPassage 4The United States is well known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. 46)______ these wide modern roads are generally 47)______ and well maintained, with 48)______ sharpcurves and straight sections, a direct route is not always the most 49)______ one. Large highways often pass 50)______ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally 51)______ large urban centers, which means that they become crowded with 52)______ traffic during rush hours, 53)______ the "fast, direct" route becomes a very slow route.However, there is almost always another route to take 54)______ you are not in a hurry. Not far from the 55)______ new "superhighways", there are often older, 56)______ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. 57)______ of these are good two lane roads; others are uneven roads curving through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high 58)______, or down frightening hillside to towns 59)______ in deep valleys. Through these less direct routes, longer and slower, they generally go to places 60)______the air is clean and sceneryis beautiful, and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh, clean view of the world.46. A. Although B. Since C. Because D. Therefore47. A. stable B. splendid C. smooth D. complicated48. A. little B. few C. much D. many49. A. terrible B. possibleC. enjoyable D. profitable50. A. to B. into C. over D. by51. A. lead B. connect C. collect D. communicate52. A. large B. fast C. high D. heavy53. A. when B. for C. but D. that54. A. unless B. if C. as D. since55. A. relatively B. regularly C. respectively D. reasonably56. A. and B. less C. more D. or57. A. All B. Several C. Lots D. Some58. A. rocks B. cliffs C. roads D. paths59. A. lying B. laying C. laid D. lied60. A. there B. when C. which D. wherePassage 5Early Tudor England was to a large extent self-sufficient. Practically all the necessities of life -- food, clothing, fuel and housing -- were produced from native resources by native effort, and it was to 61)______ these primary needs that the great mass of the population labored 62)______ its daily tasks. Production was for the most part organized in innumerable small units. In the country the farm, the hamlet and the village lived on 63)______ they could grow or make for themselves, and 64) ______ the sale of any surplus in the local market town, 65)______ in the towns craftsmen applied themselves to their one-man business, making the boots and shoes, the caps and the cloaks, the 66)______ and harness of townsmen and countrymen 67)______. Once a week town and country would meet to make 68)______ at a market which came 69) ______ realizing the medieval idea of direct contact between producer and 70) ______. This was the traditional economy, which was hardly altered for some centuries, and which set the 71) ______ of work and the standard of life of perhaps nice out of 72) ______ ten English men and women. The work was long and 73)______, and the standard of life achieved was almost74)______ low. Most Englishmen lied by a diet which was often75)______ and always monotonous, wore coarse and ill-fitting clothes which harbored dirt undermine, and lived in holes whose squalor would affront the modern slum dweller.61.A. settleB. answerC. satisfyD. fill62.A. atB. inC. onD. with63.A. whichB. whatC. whetherD. where64.A. withB. byC. onD. for65.A. althoughB. whileC. neverthelessD. when66.A. machinesB. apparatusC. equipmentD. implement67.A. similarB. skinC. likeD. alike68.A. exchangeB. bargainC. dealingD. ride69.A. close atB. adjacent toC. near toD. near-by70.A. consumerB. buyerC. userD. shopper71.A. modelB. formC. patternD. method72.A. everyB. eachC. theD. other73.A. cruelB. hardC. ruthlessD. severe74.A. unimaginativelyB. unimaginablyC. imaginarilyD. unimaginedly75.A. weakB. littleC. meagerD. sparsePassage 6In 1891, Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained physical education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying 76)______ up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy 77)______ the football and baseball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities 78)______ their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem by the school.He first tried to 79)______ some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too rough. The men were getting bruised form tackling each other and 80)______ hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the most common elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact.Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it 81)______ no equipment, such as a bat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided82)______ an elevated goal, so that scoring world depend on skill and accuracy rather than on 83)______ only. His goals were two peach baskets, 84)______ to ten-foot-high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic 85)______ of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith worth rules for the game, 86)______ of which, though with some small changes, are still 87)______ effect. Basketball was an immediate success. The students 88)______ it to their friends and the new sport quickly 89)______ on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games 90)______ the world.76.A. to have comeB. comingC. comeD. to come77.A. between B. duringC. whenD. for78.A. rousedB. heldC. hadD. were79.A. imitateB. adoptC. adaptD. renovate80.A. beingB. to beC. beenD. were81.A. requestedB. usedC. requiredD. took82.A. onB. toC. ofD. with83.A. powerB. strengthC. forceD. Might84.A. fixedB. fixingC. that fixD. which fixed85.A. methodB. ruleC. wayD. idea86.A. fewB. muchC. manyD. little87.A. withB. in C. onD. for88.A. definedB. spreadC. taughtD. discussed89.A. wentB. tookC. putD. caught90.A. ofB. throughoutC. amongD. throughAesthetic thought of a distinctively modern bent emerged during the 18th century. The western philosophers and critics of this time devoted much attention to such matters (1)_____ natural beauty, the sublime, and representation -- a trend reflecting the central position they had given to the philosophy of nature.(2)_____ that time, however, the philosophy of art has becomeever more (3)_____ and has begun to (4)_____ the philosophy of nature. V arious issues (5)_____ to the philosophy of art have had a (6)_____ impact (7)_____ the orientation of 20th-century aesthetics. (8)_____ among these are problems relating to the theory of art as form and (9)_____ the distinction between representation and expression. Still another far-reaching question has to do with the value of art. Two opposing theoretical positions (10)_____ on this issue: one holds that art and its appreciation are a means to some recognized moral good, (11)_____ the other maintains that art is intrinsically valuable and is an end in itself. Underlying this whole issue is the concept of taste, one of the basic concerns of aesthetics. In recent years there has also been an increasing (12)_____ with art as the prime object of critical judgment. Corresponding to the trend in contemporary aesthetic thought, (13)_____ have followed (14)_____ of two approaches. In one, criticism is restricted to the analysis and interpretation of the work of art. (15)_____, it is devoted to articulating the response to the aesthetic object and to (16)_____ a particular way of perceiving it.Over the years, aesthetics has developed into a broad field of knowledge and inquiry. The concerns of contemporary aesthetics include such (17)_____ problems as the nature of style and its aesthetic significance; the relation of aesthetic judgment to culture; the (18)_____ of a history of art; the (19)_____ of Freudian psychology and other forms of psychological study to criticism; and the place of aesthetic judgment in practical (20)_____ in the conduct of everyday affairs.1.A. forB. asC. toD. with2.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. In3.A. promotionalB. promissoryC. promiscuousD. prominent4.A. plantB. supplantC. transplantD. replant5.A. centralB. concentratingC. focusingD. centering6.A. markingB. remarkingC. markedD. remarked7.A. onB. forC. inD. to8.A. ForebodyingB. ForemostC. ForethoughtfulD. Foregone9.A. forB. forC. toD. on10.A. have broughtB. have been broughtC. have takenD. have been taken11A. whereasB. whereinC. whereonD. Wherefore12.A. preoccupancyB. preoccupationC. premonitionD. preoption13.A. artistsB. writersC. criticsD. analysts14.A. allB. eitherC. neitherD. none15.A. In the other mannerB. In the other wayC. In anotherD. In the other16.A. justifyB. justifiedC. justifyingD. having justified17.A. diverseB. dividedC. divineD. dividual18.A. vicinityB. viabilityC. villainyD. visibility19.A. relianceB. reliabilityC. reliefD. relevancy20.A. reasonB. reasonablenessC. reasoningD. reasonabilityPainting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment, has been continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities (1)_____ ritualistic in origin but have come to be designated as artistic (such as music or dance), painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (2)_____ to express his own personality and his (3)_____ understanding of an existence beyond the material world.(4)_____ music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction (5)_____ the15,000-year-old cave murals of Lascaux -- some examples (6)_____ to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, like other arts, exhibits universal qualities that (7)_____ for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major (8)_____ examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the Soviet Union. But some 5,000 years ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed (9)_____ to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions. (10)_____, Western shared a European cultural tradition -- the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.Western painting is in general distinguished by its concentration (11)_____ the representation of the human (12)_____, whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance (13)_____ this tradition through a (14)_____ examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspective in the visible world, linking painting (15)_____ the developing sciences of anatomy and optics. The first real (16)_____ from figurative painting came with the growth of landscape painting in the 17th and 18th centuries. The landscape and figurative traditions developed together in the 19th century in an atmosphere that was increasingly (17)_____ "painterly" qualities of the (18)_____ of light and color and the expressive qualities of paint handling. In the 20th century these interests (19)_____ to the development of a third major tradition in Western painting, abstract painting, which sought to (20)_____ and express the true nature of paint and painting through action and form.1.A. may have beenB. that may haveC. may haveD. that mayhave been2.A. seekB. soughtC. seek forD. sought for3.A. emergingB. emergencyC. mergingD. merger4.A. AsB. UnlikeC. LikeD. Since5.A. fromB. toC. intoD. for6.A. ratifyB. testifyC. certifyD. gratify7.A. make easyB. make it easyC. make hardD. make it hard8.A. extinctB. extentC. extantD. exterior9.A. had shiftedB. have shiftedC. shiftingD. shifted10.A. NeverthelessB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. Therefore11.A. toB. inC. onD. for12.A. figureB. shapeC. shadowD. form13.A. extractedB. extendedC. extortedD. extruded14.A. closingB. closeC. closedD. closure15.A. onB. forC. inD. to16.A. breakB. breakageC. breakdownD. breaking17.A. concerned withB. concerningC. concerning withD. concerned for18.A. reactionB. actionC. interactionD. relation19.A. distributedB. attributedC. contributedD. construed20.A. discoverB. uncoverC. recoverD. coverCloze9Flight simulator (飞行模拟器) refers to any electronic or mechanical system for training airplane and spacecraft pilots and crew member by simulating flight conditions. The purpose of simulation is not to completely substitute (1)_____ actual flight training but to thoroughly familiarize students with the vehicle (2)_____ before they (3)_____ extensive and possibly dangerous actual flight training. Simulations also is useful for review and for familiarizing pilots with new (4)_____ to existing craft.Two early flight simulators appeared in England within a decade after the first flight of Orville and Wilbur Wright. They were designed to enable pilots to stimulate simple aircraft (5)_____ in three dimensions: nose up or down; left wing high and right low, or vice versa; and (6)_____ to left or right. It took until 1929, however, for a truly effective simulator, the Link Trainer, to appear, devised by Edwin A. Link, a self-educated aviator and inventor from Binghamton, New Y ork. (7)_____, airplane instrumentation had been developed sufficiently to permit "blind" flying on instruments alone, but training pilots to do so involved (8)_____ risk. Link built a model of an airplane cockpit equipped (9)_____ instrument panel and controls that could realistically stimulate all the movements of an airplane. Pilots could use the device for instrument training, manipulating the controls (10)_____ instrument readings so as to maintain straight and level flight or (11)_____ climb or descent with no visual reference (12)_____ any horizon except for the artificial one on the instrument panel. The trainer was modified (13)_____ aircraft technology advanced. Commercial airlines began to use the Link Trainer for pilot training, and the US government began purchasing them in 1934, (14)_____ thousands more as World War II approached.Technological advances during the war, particularly in electronics, helped to make the flight simulator increasingly (15)_____. The use of efficient analog computers in the early 1950s led to further improvements. Airplane cockpits, controls, and instrument displays had by then become so individualized that it was no longer feasible to use a generalized trainer to prepare pilots to fly anything (16)_____ the simplest light planes. By the 1950s, the US Air Force was using simulators that precisely(17)_____ the cockpits of its planes. During the early 1960s(18)_____ digital and hybrid computers were adopted, and their speed and flexibility revolutionized simulation systems. Further advances in computer and (19)_____ technology, notably the development of virtual-reality simulation, have made it possible to (20)_____ highly complex real-life conditions.1. A. forB. toC. withD. on2. A. concerningB. concernC. being concernedD. Concerned3. A. undertakeB. undergoC. underplayD. underuse4. A. modelsB. modificationsC. modifiersD. modica5. A. manifestationsB. manipulationsC. manifestoesD. maneuvers6. A. yawlingB. yawningC. yawingD. yawping7. A. From then onB. From now onC. By nowD. By then8. A. considerableB. considerateC. consideringD. considered9. A. forB. inC. with D. on10.A. on the part of B. on the basis ofC. on the track ofD. on the verge of11.A. controlB. controllableC. controlledD. controller12.A. toB. forC. onD. in13. A. as forB. as toC. asD. For14.A. acquiringB. requiringC. sustainingD. Retaining15. A. actualB. realisticC. realizingD. true16.A. exceptB. except forC. apart fromD. but17. A. replenishedB. replacedC. replicated D. reposed18. A. electronicB. electricC. electricityD. electron19. A. programB. programmableC. programmedD. programming20. A. resurrectB. reproduceC. resuscitateD. resumePassage1~6 1. ACBBA 6. DADDC 11. CBDDC16. BCCAD 21. DDCCD 26.ADBAA31. CDCBA36. DCDBB 41. CACBD46. ACBCD 51. BDABA5 56. BDBAD61.CABCB 66. DDACA71. CABBC76. DABC A81. C ABAD 86. CBCBBCloze 7 1. B A D B A 6. C A B C D 11. A B C B D 16. C A B D C Cloze 8 1. D B A B A 6. B B C D D 11. C B B D 16 A A C C B Cloze 9 1.ADBBD 6. CDACB 11.CACAB 16. D C A D。
专四模拟试题附参考答案PDF.pdf
1
书山有路
31. A. however
B. therefore
C. nevertheless
D.
furthermore
32. A. primary
B. principal
C. foremost
D.
uniquely
33. A. or
B. nor
C. but
D.
except
34. A. recreation B. enlightenment C. refreshment D. entertainment
C. isn't it
D. hasn't it
57. I think that the labor bill will pass; it's ____________that it will.
A. almost surely
B. very likely
C. near positive
D. quite certainly
agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only
on
48 _ grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus
manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that
32
on its
capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for
we do not live on money
大学英语四级考试模拟卷十六(带答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟卷十六(总分：100.00，做题时间：125分钟)Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00)Section A(总题数：7，分数：0.00).Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.（分数：8.00）A.Roast duck.B.Fried potatoes.C.Oven-roasted turkey.√D.Fried turkey.解析：[听力原文]Ask the majority of Americans about the highlight of a traditional Thanksgiving dinner, and they think of oven-roasted turkey. But with the increased popularity in outdoor cooking, many Americans have moved out of the kitchen. And they are diving into huge pots of nearly boiling oil. Well, not the cooks, but their Thanksgiving turkeys. In recent years, some Thanksgiving dinners feature a turkey immersed in a fryer filled with hot cooking oil. Also called Cajun fried turkey, this type of cooking originated in the American south. Outdoor turkey frying started in Louisiana and Kentucky in the 1930s, according to Esquire magazine. Fried turkey at Thanksgiving started to become popular in the 1980s. This Cajun cooking rage spread into the north United States quickly. Newspapers in New York and Ohio printed Cajun fried turkey recipes. Celebrities like Martha Stewart and Emeril Lagasse made bird-frying wildly popular.What is the highlight of Thanksgiving dinner in America?.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.（分数：8.00）A.Americans buy costumes for their pet dogs nowadays.√B.People purchase Halloween costumes for cats.C.Dogs are Americans' best friends.D.Pet costumes are popular in Hollywood.解析：[听力原文]Nowadays, about 15 percent of Americans will buy costumes for their pet dogs. Time magazine reports that more people are purchasing Halloween costumes for their dog—up 24 percent since 2010. Spending has increased by 40 percent in the past two years. Go online, and you can buy a Robin Hood outfit for your dog, or a Wonder Woman dog costume, or a cow costume. The outfits come in various sizes. Purchase a large one for your Mastiff or a small one for your Chihuahua. They cost as little as $ 7.80 or as much as $ 300. In Hollywood, pet costumes for movie characters and celebrities are popular. Some dogs are dressed as Edward Scissorhands or Kim Kardashian, reported Entertainment Weekly. In New York, Jimmy Kimmel, the late-night television host, held a dog costume parade on his show.What is the news report mainly about?.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.（分数：12.00）A.Eating raw meat.B.Eating processed meat.√C.Drinking alcohol.D.Smoking heavily.解析：[听力原文]Eating processed meat can cause cancer, World Health Organization experts said Monday. Processed meat is meat that has been preserved by curing, salting, smoking, drying or canning. Experts from the WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, studied 800 cases. IARC researchers linked processed meat, such as hot dogs and ham, to bowel cancer, as well as pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer. The IARC has included processed meat in its group 1 list, for which there is "sufficient evidence" of links to cancer. Tobacco, asbestos, and diesel fumes are also on the group 1 list. WHO experts also called red meat, including beef, lamb and pork, "probably" carcinogenic to humans. Dr. Kurt Straif is with the IARC. He said in a statement that the risk of cancer increases with the amount of meat a person eats. A person who consumes 50 grams of processed meat per day—about two pieces of bacon—increases his or her risk of bowel cancer by 18 percent.What can cause cancer according to WHO experts?Section B(总题数：8，分数：0.00).Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.（分数：16.00）A.To make a survey of smoking.B.To arouse public attention to the dangers of smoking.C.To help people quit using tobacco products.√D.To help women realize the dangers of smoking.解析：[听力原文]W: People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day." What does it mean anyway?M: It's the day when the World Health Organization appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. The WHO insists if people stop smoking cigarettes for one day, they will stop forever.W: So, what is the target of this year's "No Tobacco Day"?M: The target for this year's "No Tobacco Day" is women. Organizers want to make sure women know the dangers of smoking.W: But why do many people find it difficult to stop smoking?M: The reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. The effects of nicotine are similar to the effects of cocaine and heroin.W: And what are people supposed to do during this day?M: "No Tobacco Day" is aimed at smokers and those who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are asked to stop selling tobacco products for 24 hours. Newspapers are asked not to publish advertisements for cigarettes.W: Does it show any improvement?M: Well, generally, yes. In industrial countries, the number of smokers has been falling about 1% a year.W: What about in developing countries?M: In developing countries, the number has been rising 2% a year. I think this is the result of increased efforts by tobacco companies to sell their products in developing countries.W: So, is there any international effort to help the developing countries?M: Yeah, in fact, several plans have been approved. One urges governments to offer tobacco farmers the chance to earn money by growing other crops. Another involves improved public information campaigns about the dangers of smoking.What is the purpose of "No Tobacco Day"?.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.（分数：16.00）A.Future development of children.B.Better ways to educate children.C.The relationship between parents and children.D.Issues of raising children.√解析：[听力原文]W: Today, in our studio, we are talking about child-rearing, and we have Dr. Smith here. He is a famous expert in this field, and he has been a teacher for many years. Hello, Dr. Smith, welcome.M: Hello, I'm glad to be here to talk about this topic, and I'm ready to answer questions.W: OK, Dr. Smith. American parents seem to give children allowance each week, for example, $10 a week. What do you think of it?M: Well, on the one hand, children may learn to budget their money through the allowance given by parents, but on the other hand, they may not understand the idea of "No pains, no gains."W: Do you have a better way for parents?M: In fact, it might be a better way if children earn money for themselves than from their parents. I mean, for example, if the children clean their rooms every day, they may get one dollar from their parents. By doing this, the children will have a better understanding of the value of money.W: Well, Dr. Smith, you know nowadays computers are popular among every family. What's the influence of the Internet on children in your opinion?M: You know, every coin has two sides. We get many conveniences from surfing the Internet, but for children, things may be different. You see, in most cases, children play computer games instead of searching information they need. And in the worst cases, children may be addicted to games so much that they can't concentrate on what they should do.W: Thank you, Dr. Smith. We take a rest first and then answer questions from our listeners.M: OK.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?Section C(总题数：10，分数：0.00).Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.1.（分数：16.00）A.It is mainly provided by Western countries.B.It can't eliminate poverty in the world.C.It is an international way to reduce poverty.√D.It makes poor countries develop faster.解析：[听力原文]Foreign aid is an important part of international efforts to reduce poverty. The UnitedStates Agency for International Development has an estimate of the amount given since the early 1950s. It says 70 countries have received more than $10 trillion in payments and loans from Western nations. But does foreign aid work? Reporter Aida recently discussed the issue with several experts. Michael Robinson is a researcher at the World Policy Institute in New York. He says foreign aid can lead to "all the wrong economic policies that made those countries poor in the first place." Mr. Robinson argues that it does not help the majority of poor people in a country. Instead, it strengthens the officials in power who are generally unelected. Other experts say foreign aid has produced mixed results, depending on where and how the money is spent. They note successful examples like South Korea, who has become wealthy enough to give foreign aid itself. UN experts agree that foreign aid faces difficulties in parts of the world without much democracy. In Southern Africa, poverty rates increased from 41% in 1981 to 46% in 2001. Yet there are calls for new methods of giving. George Smith is a Ghanaian-born economics professor at American University in Washington. He says Western countries should give less aid, but remove trade barriers so they import more goods from developing nations. Prof. Smith also suggests that donor nations direct how they want their money spent.What does the speaker say about foreign aid?.Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.5.（分数：12.00）A.It doesn't need the same standard.B.Individual states are responsible for education.√C.Experts don't agree with each other.D.There is no law on education.解析：[听力原文]Americans are considering national education standards recently developed by teachers and other education experts. The United States, unlike other nations, has never had the same school standards across the country. What's the reason? Education is not discussed in the Constitution. That document limits the responsibilities of the federal government. Other responsibilities, like education, fall to the individual states. Local control of education probably was a good idea 200 years ago. People stayed in the same place and schools knew what students needed to learn. But today, people move to different cities. And some people work at jobs that did not exist even 20 years ago. The standards deal with language and mathematics in every grade from kindergarten through high school. Forty-eight states have already shown approval for the standards. Two states reject the idea. Critics say that working towards the same standards in every state will not guarantee excellence for all. Some educators in Massachusetts say adopting the proposal will hurt their students because the state standards are even higher. Others say the change will be too costly, requiring new textbooks and different kinds of training for teachers. Still, others fear federal interference or control. Supporters say the standards are goals and do not tell states or teachers how to teach. They also say the federal government is not forcing acceptance. However, approving the standards will help states qualify for some federal-grant money.Why does the US have no universal education standards?.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.8.（分数：12.00）A.It is the name of a riverboat.B.It is a pen name of a famous writer.C.It is a term of communication among pilots.D.It is a measure for the depth of water.√解析：[听力原文]The writer who became Mark Twain was born as Samuel Langhorne Clemens in 1835. After his father died in 1847, young Samuel went to work as an assistant to a publisher. Ten years later, he became a pilot on a steamboat that sailed on the Mississippi. He heard the riverboat workers call out the words "mark twain," which was a measure for the depth of water. Later, he wrote funny stories and called himself Mark Twain. Twain also travelled a lot and began writing books about his travels. His stories about a trip to Europe and the Middle East were published in The Innocents Abroad. And his stories about life in the western United States became the book called Roughing It. After he got married, he wrote books for children, such as The Prince and the Pauper. It tells about a poor boy who trades identities with a member of England's ruling family. Twain also wrote Life on the Mississippi, which describes his days as a steamboat pilot and his return to the river 20 years later. Mark Twain was already a successful writer before he became famous as a public speaker. Over the years, he had invested a lot of money in unsuccessful businesses. In 1893, he found himself deeply in debt. To earn money, he travelled around the world giving humorous talks. His speeches made people laugh and remember those events they had experienced.What does "mark twain" mean originally?。
2021年tem4考试原题
2021年tem4考试原题
1. TEM4考试通常要求考生具备哪些方面的语言能力？
A. 阅读理解
B. 听力理解
C. 写作表达
D. 口语表达
2. 在TEM4考试中，哪部分内容最能体现考生的英语语法水平？
A. 阅读理解
B. 听力理解
C. 写作表达
D. 口语表达
3. 在TEM4考试的写作部分，通常会要求考生完成哪种类型的文章？
A. 描述文
B. 记叙文
C. 说明文
D. 议论文
4. 在TEM4考试的阅读部分，考生需要注意哪些方面的技巧？
A. 快速阅读
B. 精读细读
C. 猜测词义
D. 推理判断
5. 在TEM4考试的听力部分，考生需要掌握哪些方面的技能？
A. 听取主要信息
B. 理解细节内容
C. 猜测未知词汇
D. 判断说话者意图
6. 在TEM4考试的口语部分，考生需要注意哪些方面的技巧？
A. 流利度
B. 准确性
C. 词汇量
D. 语法正确性
7. 在TEM4考试中，阅读部分通常包含哪些类型的文章？
A. 新闻报道
B. 文学作品
C. 学术论文
D. 广告文案
8. 在TEM4考试的写作部分，考生需要注意哪些方面的要求？
A. 字数限制
B. 时间限制
C. 语法正确性
D. 内容相关性
9. 在TEM4考试的听力部分，通常会播放哪种类型的录音材料？
A. 电影片段
B. 新闻广播
C. 访谈节目
D. 音乐歌曲。
专四模拟试题附参考答案（2020年整理）.doc
专四模拟试题附参考答案（2020年整理）.doc专四模拟试题附参考答案（1）Part III Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.The “standard of living” of any country means the average pe rson's share of the goods and services the country produces. A country's standard of living, ____31_______, depends first and 32 on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money 33 on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services”such as transport and “__34 __ ” .A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of 35 have an effect on one another. Wealth depends 36 a great extent upon a country's natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a 37 climate; other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources 38 the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well 39 as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civiland 40 wars, and 41 this and other reasons was 42 to develop herresources. 43 and stable political conditions,and 44 _____ from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country equallywell 45 by nature but less well ordered.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed 46 it own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through internationaltrade. 47 Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend onlyon 48 _ grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would 49 be lacking. A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturingcapacity, 50 that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.31. A. however B. therefore C. nevertheless D. furthermore32. A. primary B. principal C. foremost D. uniquely33. A. or B. nor C. but D. except34. A. recreation B. enlightenment C. refreshment D. entertainment35. A. if B. them C.which D. that36. A. with B. for C.to D. on37. A. neutral B. favorable C.virtuous D. marine38. A. comes B. come C.coming D. came39. A. off B. known C.done D. furnished40. A. military B. external C.contemporary D. domestic41. A. for B. because C. because of D. due to42. A. Impossible B. Incapable C. unable D. proficient43. A. Strong B. Sturdy C. Sound D. Robust44. A. liberty B. freedom C.prevention D. liberation45. A .assisted B. avenged C.rescued D. served46. A. with B. within C. near D.without47. A. In short B. For example C. firstly D.On one hand48. A. those B. what C. that D. it49. A. likely B. likewise C. certainly D.otherwise50. A. provided B. depended C. given D.supposedPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence thereare four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. We often advise him not to drink more wine __________is good for his health.A. asB. thanC.that D. but52. It is necessary that an efficient worker __________his work on time.A. accomplishesB. can accomplishC. accomplishD. has accomplished53. My father will be here tomorrow, but at first I thought that he__________ today.A. was comingB. is comingC. will comeD. come54. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to havefactual knowledge __________ our thinking.A which to be based on B. which to be base uponC. upon which to baseD. to which to be based55. I didn't call to make my airline reservation, but I __________.A. should haveB. may haveC. must haveD. shall have56. It’s the first time that she has been to the United States,__________?A. isn't sheB. hasn't sheC. isn't itD. hasn't it57. I think that the labor bill will pass; it's ____________that it will.A. almost surelyB. very likelyC. near positiveD. quite certainly58. An increase in a nation's money supply, without an accompanying increase in economic activity, __________result in higher prices.A. tendsB. tends theC. tending toD. will tend to59. X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make__________details that are otherwise impossible to observe.A. it visibleB. visiblyD. they are visible60. Prices for bikes at that store run__________250 dollars.A. as high asB. as high toC. so high toD. so high as61. He will not be __________ to vote in this year's election.A. enough oldB. as old enoughC. old enoughD. enough old as62. Thomas Jefferson's achievements as an architect rival his contributions __________a politician.A. suchB. moreC. asD. than63. According to the conditions of my scholarship, after finishing my degree__________.A. my education will be employed by the universityB. employment will be given to me by the universityC. the university will employ meD. I will be employed by the university64. If Bob's wife won't agree to sign the papers, ____________.A. neither he willB. neither will heC. neither won't heD. he won't neither65. _____ is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. WhatB. ThatC. ItD. As66. A violent revolution having broken out, all the ports of that country were laid under a(n) ______.A. boycottB. embargoD. ban67. Since_________ can't work in the United States without a permit, so it is of great importance for them to present their credentials to the government.A. emigrantsB. expatriatesC.migrants D. immigrants68. Most investors are taught at the very beginning that there is no place for __________in investment markets.A. feelingB. emotionC. passionD. sentiment69. I__________ my ordinary income by doing some part-time work.A. complimentB. ComplementC. supplementD. implement70. Before the statue could be __________to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.A. transformedB.transportedC. transferredD. transmitted71. The final document was, of course, supposed to mend the damage__________upon the world by the war,A. imposedB. impressedC.compelled D. compressed72. Roger, who __________in courage, is highly respected by all his peers in the villages.A. boundsB. possessesC.declares D. abounds73. The tourists are told that the remotest village in this area is only_________ by a river.B. availableC.obtainable D. achievable74. He__________ interrupted me by asking irrelevant questions.A. continuallyB. continuouslyC.consistently D. constantly75. Being a man of _________ and public spirit. Mr. Russell labored zealously to advance the interest of the community and was much interested in bringing new manufacturing interests to Waterloo.A. firmB. enterpriseC. companyD. corporation76. When people do things wrong we should try hard to forgive them, as the idiom goes, “To ______ is human.”A. referB. conferC. deferD. err77. Although gaining a job as a real __________agent or broker may be relatively easy, beginning agents and brokers may face competition from well-established, more experienced ones.A. propertyB. estateC. houseD. assets78. The constitution of the State required that property should be__________for taxation at its market value.A. estimatedB. appraisedC.evaluated D. valued79. On June 15, 1909, after Scott finished his rushed plans for his________ to the South Pole, he departed from England.A. tourB. voyageC. expedition80. The government authority had to __________oil and other products so that it would not run out during war.A. shareB. fareC.provide D. rationPART V READINGCOMPREHENSION[25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AAll Sir William Jones wanted to do was to learn Sanskrit. While he was studying, however, he made a surprising discovery. This ancient language of India was amazingly similar to Latin and Greek. The Sanskrit word for "mother"—matar—was almost identical to the Latin word, mater. “Father” was pitar in Sanskrit, pater in Latin and Greek. The more he studied, the more similarities he found.How could this be? Thousands of miles and many natural barriers separated India and Europe. Still, Jones concluded, the similarities were too strong to be accidental. In 1786, he announced “No one could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source.”Since then, scholars have traced many languages to this “common source.” Today, these languages are called the Indo-European family. But where did this source originate? Language and geography provide the clues. European languages have similar words for the animals and trees of northern Europe, such as oak, willow, bear, and wolf. There are no common words for the animals and trees of southern Europe.To scholars, this suggests that the Indo-European languages began in north central Europe. In time, some northern Europeans set out toward the east, settling in Iran, India, and Pakistan. Others migrated westward toward southern and western Europe. The root language developed into dozens of different languages, but the family resemblances remain. The word for “three” is drei in German, tres in Spanish, tre in Albanian, and tri in Russian.Almost every language in Europe is part of the Indo-European family, but there are exceptions. Hungarian and Finnish cling to other language families. High in the Pyrenees, the Basque people speak a language that has no known relatives. Perhaps the Basques were the original inhabitants of the region. Isolated by mountains, they may have been bypassed by the spread of Indo-European culture.81. What did Sir William Jones discover when he was learning Sanskrit?A. Sanskrit was very similar to some European languages.B. Sanskrit was an ancient language.C. The Sanskrit word for mother is the same as that in Latin.D. Latin and Greek were very similar.82. Which of the following statements is true about "the common source"?A. Jones found out the common source.B. All languages sprang from the common source.C. Only three languages sprang from the common source.D. Since 1786, scholars have traced many languages to the common source.83. Where did the common source originate?A. In southernEurope.B. In north-central Europe.C. InIndia.D. in Pakistan.84. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Jones first discovered the root language.B. The languages with the common source are called the Indo-European family.C. The root language developed into different languages as people migrated.D. Every language in Europe is part of the Indo-European family. TEXT BYour first culture shock came after you left your home country and you needed to adjust to the United States, It is now important to learn cultural information about your company, so that you will fit in and perform successfully. The people who make up this environment have their own customs, habits and expectations of each new employee. Gathering information that is formal (policy) and informal (traditions) will help you learn the professional norms and become fully accepted. Policies are corporate documents describing procedures, rules, and standards that guide decision making and conduct. They are similar to official laws that govern a country. Some sources of such written company information include the annual report, product or service brochures, technical and procedural manual, employee directory and the company newsletter. Organizational traditions are usually unwritten hut common practices that have evolved over time. They set the tone and philosophy of the particular corporation, just as the customs of a country do. The best way to learn such information is to observe and talk with others such as your supervisor and co-workers.You can supplement ideas from formal introductory materials given you earlier. Explore with fellow employees those behaviors that may be tolerated but frowned upon. Ask your supervisor for feedback to avoidtypical traps that could cause your co-workers to reject you as a professional. Keep this guide nearby, and refer to it often in private. Reviewing formal company procedures, handouts, written notes, ideas, comments from bosses and colleagues, together with materials in this handbook, will help you make a more healthy cultural adjustment.85. What is the purpose to learn cultural information?A. To know the U. S. A. better.B. To work better in the new environment.C. To make more money.D. To improve one's English.86. According to the passage, ___________ is not the policy's function.A. describing procedures, rules and standardsB. governing a countryC. helping to guide decision making and conductD. writing down the company's information87. ____________ is the best way to learn the organizational traditions.A. To read the policiesB. To study the philosophyC. To study a country's customsD. To observe and communicate with the colleagues and boss.88. How to make a more healthy cultural adjustment?A. Read this passage often.B. Discuss the organizational culture with your colleagues.C. Gather and review the formal and informal information in the corporation.D. Ask your boss for help.89. The passage is written to ___________.A. help readers to understand the organization's cultureB. explain the culture shockC. analyze the policies and traditionsD. help readers to work better with their supervisor and co-workersTEXT C“White hostility toward African Americans, and the resulting discrimination, have been fueled by a sense of threat. During slavery, many working-class whites, encouraged by slaveholders, feared the release of large numbers of blacks into the labor market and society in general. When northern industries used African Americans as strikebreakers in the first decades of this century, white workers feared the loss of their jobs. Today, many white Americans fear “black violence”. Moreover, specific fears about the “costs” of welfare as well as the "taking" of jobs through affirmative action have added to the fear of black violence.These fears have translated into negative stereotypes of African Americans as a people who are prone to crime and violence, unwilling to work, and a drain on the white taxpayer through their welfare dependency. In turn, these stereotypes have been used to justify informal discrimination, to prevent the help to the urban poor, to be negligent in enforcing laws or policies prohibiting discriminatory practices against black workers, and most important, to hesitate in making a serious effort at job creation for African Americans. The result is that African Americans’ share of valued resources has not increased much over the last two decades, even as formal discrimination has been greatly lessened. This fact is used to further the negative belief that African Americans have "not taken advantage of their equal opportunities."90. According to the passage, how did the northern industries make use of African Americans in 1900s?A. Sent them to ask the strikers to go back to work.B. Made them work very hard.C. Employed them to threaten the white strikers.D. Released them into the labor market.91. What is the ill influence of these negative stereotypes?A. Giving help to the poor black.B. Justifying informal discrimination.C. Enforcing laws prohibiting discriminatory practices against black workers.D. Creating opportunities of employment for the black.92. What can be inferred from "a drain on the white taxpayer" about the African Americans?A. They are unwilling to work.B. They never pay tax.C. They lack security.D. Their welfare depends on the white's tax.93. The author wrote the passage to tell us__________.A. African Americans pose a threat to the whites in employmentB. African Americans are dependent on the tax paid by the whitesC. African Americans are discriminated against because they are often on strikeD. the sense of threat intensifies the white's hospitality and discrimination against the African AmericansTEXT D“People thought of themselves as having rights from companies,” said Hoshua Freeman, a labor historian at Columbia University. That sense of entitlement grew even stronger in the early decades after World War II and collective bargaining became the arena for arguing out wages, pensions, health insurance, vacations, hours and job security.That system is disappearing today. Career-long attachments to one employer, a notion born in the 1920's, are no longer the .norm. The newclass-consciousness makes less distinction between workers and managers. Rights are relative, at best. An increasingly conservative electorate has reduced government's role in regulating the economy. Unions have lost influence and membership.What people do is try to cope, by themselves, said Ms. Skelly, of DYG. Self-employment is one solution, DYG's polls show, and that is a rising trend. "They try, on the job, to hide any weakness in their performance," she said. “They work longer hours and take work home, without letting the boss know, to give the impression that they can do difficult tasks quickly. There is nothing like, ‘we are all in this together.’ There is too much competition. People talk of their weakness to friends and spouses, but not to coworkers.”And many Americans feel in their hearts that the unemployment might be justified. “There is a sense among people that we are inefficient and bloated,” Ms. Skelly said. “And until they feel that is no longer true, they are reluctant to criticize the forces that are cutting out the fat and the inefficiencies.”94. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ___________.A. people do not enjoy their rights nowadaysB. people are more likely to change their jobs than they were in the 1920'sC. workers and managers share the same rights todayD. nowadays, people refuse to take part in the Union95. According to Ms Skelly, which of the following is true?A. People like to work overtime.B. People want to work at home.C. People want to impress the boss with their capability and efficiency.D. People need help from their families, for they cannot cope with difficult problems themselves.96. People hide their weakness from___________.A. their parentsB. their wives or husbandsC. their friendsD. their colleagues97. The main idea of the passage is___________.A. people thought of themselves as having rights from companiesB. people's sense of entitlement is not as strong as it used to beC. people work at homeD. people regard unemployment as usualTEXT EYou may not have thought of it just this way, but the letter you write is part of you, and expression of your personality. Therefore to write letters that are mere patterns of form is to present a colorless personality.Letters, by their very nature, are too individual to be standardized. A letter may be absolutely perfect according to the standards of good taste and good form; but unless it also expresses something of the writer's personality, it is not a good letter.In other words, don't be satisfied to write letters that are just correct and nothing more. Try to write letters that are correct for you... letters that are warm and alive with reflections of your own personality.And if this sounds like a platitude (陈词滥调), stop for a moment and think back over your recent correspondence. What was the most interesting letter you received? Was it a letter anyone could have written? Or was it a letter that instantly “came alive” as you read it—that brought the personality of the sender right into the room with you. as though you were face to face, listening instead of reading?The fault with too many letters, today as in the past—the reason so many letters are dull and lifeless, and often fail to accomplish the purpose for which they are written is simply this: They sound exactly like the letters everyone else writes. They are neither exciting to receive nor stimulating to read.98. What does the author mean by saying “the letter you write is part of you”?A. Writing letters plays an important part in your life.B. When you write letters, you should be careful about what to write.C. People can see your personality from the letters you write.D. You should write good letters.99. What does the author want to explain in the fourth paragraph?A. A good letter presents one's personality.B. His opinion is a platitude.C. Letter-writing is interesting.D. Talking face to face is a better way to communicate than writing letters.100. The best title for the passage is___________.A. Letter WritingB. Personality in Letter WritingC. To Write Interesting LettersD. To Write Correct Letters PARTVI WRITING[45 MIN]SECTIONA COMPOSITION[35 MIN]We all know that men and women play different roles in modern society, and that they differ in many ways, such as how to perceive the world, how to tackle problems and how to approach people. Think about the issue and discuss the differentways in which men and women behave in terms of interpersonal relationships, expressing affection, friendship and views on beauty.Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:The Different Approaches or Perceptions of Men and WomenYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state your view on this issue.In the second part, support your view with details or examples.In the last part, bring what, you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be rewarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTIONB NOTE-WRITING[10 MIN]Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:You are William or Aileen. You are invited this weekend to a farewell party hosted by your friend, Sandy, who is going abroad for his PhD. Study. However, you are unable to see him off. Write him a note politely declining his invitation and expressing your good wishes to him.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.参考答案Part III31-35BCCDC 36-40CBAAB 41-45ACCBD 46-50BBADAPart IV51-55BCACA 56-60CBDCA 61-65CCDBD 66-70BDDCB 71-75ADAAB 76-80DBBCDPart V81-84ADBC 85-89BBDCB 90-93CBDD 94-97BCDB 98-100CAB。
精品2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(16)
2016年12月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及答案(16)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:American Indians played a central role in the war known as the American Revolution. To them, however, the dispute between the colonists and England was peripheral. For American Indians the conflict was a war for American Indian independence, and whichever side they chose, they lost it. Mary Brant was a powerful influence among the Iroquois. She was a Mohawk, the leader of the society of all Iroquois matrons, and the widow of Sir William Johnson, Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Her brother, Joseph Brant, is the bestknown American Indian warrior of theRevolution, yet she may have exerted even more influence in the confederacy than he did. She used her influence to keep the western tribes of Iroquois loyal to the English king, George Ⅲ. When the colonists won the war, she and her tribe had to abandon their lands and retreat to Canada. On the other side, Nancy Ward held positions of authority in the Cherokee nation. She had fought as a warrior in the war against the Creeks and as a reward for her heroism was made “Beloved Woman” of the tribe. This office made her chief of the women’s council and a member of the council of chiefs. She was friendly with the white settlers and supported the Patriots during the Revolution. Yet the Cherokees too lost their land.21.What is the main point the author makes in the passage?A.Siding with the English in the Revolution helped American Indians regain their land.B.At the time of the Revolution the Superintendent of Indian Affairs had little power.C.Regardless of whom they supported in the Revolution, American Indians lost their land.D.The outcome of the Revolution was largely determined by American Indian women.22.The word “it” in line 5 refers to ____.A.sideB.revolutionC.disputeD.independence23.How did Ward gain her position of authority?A.By bravery in battle.B.By marriage to a chief.C.By joining the confederacy.D.By being born into a powerful family.24.To which tribe did Nancy Ward belong?A.Mohawk.B.Iroquois.C.Cherokee.D.Creek.25.According to the passage, what did Mary Brant and Nancy Ward had in common?A.Each was called “Beloved Woman” by her tribe.B.Each influenced her tribe’s role in the American Revolution.C.Each lost a brother in the American Revolution.D.Each went to England after the American Revolution.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Born in 1830 in rural Amherst, Massachusetts,Emily Dickinson spent her entire life in the household of her parents. Between 1858 and 1862, it was later discovered, she wrote like a person possessed, often producing a poem a day. It was also during this period that her life was transformed into the myth of Amherst. Withdrawing more and more, keeping to her room, sometimes even refusing to see visitors who called,she began to dress only in white―a habit that addedto her reputation as an eccentric.In t heir determination to read Dickinson’s lifein terms of a traditional romantic plot, biographers have missed the unique pattern of her life―her struggle to create a female life not yet imagined by the culture in which she lived. Dickinson was not the innocent, lovelorn and emotionally fragile girl sentimentalized by the Dickinson myth and popularized by William Luce’s 1976 play, the Belle of Amherst.Her decision to shut the door on Amherst society inthe 1850’s transformed her house into a kind of magical realm in which she was free to engage her poetic genius. Her seclusion was not the result of a failed love affair, but rather a part of a moregeneral pattern of renunciation through which she, in her quest for selfsovereignty, carried on an argument with the puritan fathers, attacking with wit and ironytheir cheerless Calvinist doctrine, their stern patriarchal God, and their rigid notions of “true womanhood”.26.What’s the author’s main purpose in the passage?A.To interpret Emily Dickinson’s eccentr ic behavior.B.To promote the popular myth of Emily Dickinson.C.To discuss Emily Dickinson’s failed love affair.D.To describe the religious climate in Emily Dickinson’s time.27.Which of the following is not mentioned as being one of Emily Dickin son’s eccentricities?A.Refusing to eat.B.Wearing only white.C.Avoiding visitors.D.Staying in her room.28.According to the passage, biographers of Emily Dickinson have traditionally ____.A.criticized most of her poemsB.ignored her innocence and emotional fragilityC.seen her life in romantic termsD.blaming her parents for restricting heractivities29.The author implies that many people attribute Emily Dickinson’s seclusion to ____.A.physical illnessB.a failed love affairC.religious fervorD.her dislike of people30.It can be inferred from the passage that Emily Dickinson lived in a society that was characterized by ____.A.strong Puritan beliefsB.equality of men and womenC.the encouragement of nonconformityD.the appreciation of poetic creativityQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The railroad industry could not have grown as large as it did without steel. The first rails were made of iron. But iron rails were not strong enough to support heavy trains running at high speeds. Railroad executives wanted to replace them with steel rails because steel was ten or fifteen times stronger and lasted twenty times longer. Before the 1870’s, however, steel was too expensive to be widely used. Itwas made by a slow and expensive process of heating, stirring and reheating iron ore.Then the inventor Henry Bessemer discovered that directing a blast of air at melted iron in a furnace would burn out the impurities that made the iron brittle. As the air shot through the furnace, the bubbling metal would erupt in showers of sparks. When the fire cooled, the metal had been changed, or converted to steel. The Bessemer converter made possible the mass production of steel. Now three to five tons of iron could be changed into steel in a matter of minutes.Just when the demand for more and more steel developed, prospectors discovered huge new deposits of iron ore in the Mesabi Range, a 120long region in Minnesota near Lake Superior. The Mesabi deposits were so near the surface that they could be mined with steam shovels.Barges and steamers carried the iron ore through Lake Superior to depots on the southern shores of Lake Michigan and Lake Erie. With dizzying speed Gary, Indiana, and Toledo, Youngstown, and Cleveland, Ohio, became major steelmanufacturing centers. Pittsburgh was the greatest steel city of all.Steel was the basic building material of the industrial age. Production skyrocketed from seventyseven thousand tons in 1870 to over eleven million tons in 1900.31.According to the passage, the railroad industry preferred steel to iron because steel was ____.A.cheaper and more plentifulB.lighter and easier to moldC.cleaner and easier to mineD.stronger and more durable32.According to the passage, how did Bessemer method make the mass production of steel possible?A.It directed air at melted iron in a furnace, removing all impurities.B.It slowly heated iron ore then stirred it and heated it again.C.It changed iron ore into iron which was a substitute for steel.D.It could quickly find deposits of iron ore under the ground.33.According to the passage, where were large deposits of iron uncovered?A.In Pittsburgh.B.In the Mesabi Range.C.Near Lake Michigan.D.Near Lake Erie.34.The words “Barges and steamers” could best be replaced by which of the following?A.Trains.B.Planes.C.Boats.D.Trucks.35.It can be inferred from the passage that the mass production of steel caused ____.A.a decline in the railroad industryB.a revolution in the industrial worldC.an increase in the price of steelD.a feeling of discontent among steel workers答案Part Ⅱ1短文大意文章主要描述了美国印第安人在美国革命中所面临的矛盾，无论印第安人支持哪一方――殖民主义者还是英格兰，他们都将失去自己的领土与独立。
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TEM-4 Test 16PART I WRITING [45 min. ]SECTION A COMPOSITION [35 min ]Directions: Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topics. Advertisements appear everywhere in modern society and play a very important role today. However, some people don't like advertisements because they think them annoying. But what do you think would happen if there were no advertisements?IF THERE WERE NO ADVERTISEMENTSYou are to write in three paragraphs. In the first paragraph, state what your suggested way is. In the second paragraph, state one or two reasons for your suggestion. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instruction may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [l0 MIN. ]Directions: Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words on the following situation: You are Peter/Mary. You are writing to a friend of yours, inviting him or her to spend a holiday with you in some part of your city. Explain your plans and tell him or her why you think the holiday will be interesting and enjoyable. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.PART II DICTATION [-15 min.-]Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 to 20 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PART III LISTENING COMPREHENSION [-20 min.-]Directions: In section A, B and C you will hear everything once truly. Listencarefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct response for each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A STATEMENTDirections: In this Section you will hear eight statements. At the end of the statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following eight questions.1. According to the statement, Mrs. Cronk ______A. spent '20.B. saved '16.C. paid too much.D. saved '4.2. What does the statement imply?A. Now she takes one tablet.B. Now she takes two tablets.C. Now she takes three tablets.D. Now she takes four tablets.3. What do we know about the speaker?A. He would like some orange juice now.B. He likes orange juice but he does not want any now.C. He'll never want to have orange juice again.D. He is never tired of orange juice.4. What does the speaker mean?A. It was not late when we called you.B. It was too late so we did not call you.C. It was late but we called you.D. It was not late but we did not call you.5. According to the speaker, ______A. Tom will ask them to admit him on Monday.B. Tom will decide whether to go to school.C. Tom will know about his admission on Monday.D. They will decide whether to give Tom a scholarship.6. According to the statement, Gary ______A. expects to work hard in order to finish his thesis.B. is planning a party.C. will finish his thesis at the party.D. will not finish his thesis this quarter.7. Where is the speaker?A. At a bank.B. At a grocery store.C. At a restaurant.D. At a supermarket.8. The weather last weekend was ______.A. warm and dry.B. cold and wet.C. cool and cloudy.D. warm and overcast.SECTION B CONVERSATIONDirections: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions.9. What does the woman say about Susan?A. She is a fast worker.B. She did Jack's homework.C. She didn't do all of her homework by herself.D. She has not finished her homework.10. What did the man have?A. He had some ice cream.B. He had a piece of cake.C. He had a piece of gum.D. He had something to drink.11. What does the man think of the car?A. It looks fine.B. The engine is good but the brakes need repairing.C. Though it runs well, it looks old.D. It needs a complete overhaul.12. What do we learn from this conversation?A. The travel agent is at the airport.B. The theater is near Broadway.C. The woman is going on a bus trip.D. The woman bought an airplane ticket.13. What are they discussing?A. A new shuttle bus.B. A regularly scheduled space flight.C. An airplane flight six years ago.D. A new church mission.14. What are the two people talking about?A. Mathematics.B. Banking.C. Credits.D. Computers.15. What are the man and woman doing?A. Making an appointment.B. Fixing a clock.C. Discussing a price.D. Going to class.16. What does the woman want to know?A. What the man told John.B. Why the man told John to come at 10.30.C. Where John was supposed to arrive.D. How John was coming.17. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. At a dress shop.B. At a barber shop.C. At a grocery store.D. At an airport.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 18 and 19 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.18. Which of the following is true?A. Some American steel companies are selling their products at very low prices.B. Some European steel companies are selling their products at very low prices.C. Some companies are selling their products in Europe and America below the fair value.D. Some European steel companies will sell their products below their value.19. Why did the American steel industry reject the agreement?A. Because it reduced the prices of American steel.B. Because it did not reduce the prices of European steel.C. Because it did not have any effects.D. Because it did not do enough to reduce the effects of unfair European steel prices.Questions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.20. ______ countries took part in the Disarmament Conference.A. 51B. 60C. 61D. 5021. Annan pressed the negotiators to ______A. prohibit transfers of nuclear weapons between countries.B. adhere to the Ottawa Landmine Treaty.C. prohibit the sales of land mines and nuclear arms race in outer space.D. both B and C.Question 22 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.22. The news reported a ______A. lorry crash.B. ferry accident.C. bridge wreckage.D. traffic jam.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.23. According to the news, how many medical discharges were granted in 1996 and 1997?A. 5,000.B. 10,000.C. 2,500.D. 20,000.24. Why did the soldiers bribe military doctors?A. To be cured from physical or mental disabilities.B. To get an early discharge.C. To prompt an audit of military hospitals.D. None of the above.Question 25 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.25. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A. Albright said that the two sides would work out details of the F-16 purchase.B. Thai and US officials will discuss the technical specifications of the F-16 jet fighters.C. Thailand is going to buy new F-16 jet fighters from America.D. Thai and US officials considered Thailand's economic crisis on the sale of F-16 jet fighters.PART IV CLOZE [15 min.]Directions: Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank on your answer sheet.One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it. Appetite is the (26)______ of living; it is one of the senses that tells you that you are still curious to exist, that you still have an edge on your longings and want to bite into the world and taste its multitudinous (27)______ and juices.(28)______ appetite, of course, I don't mean just the lust for food, but any condition of (29)______ desire, any burning in the blood that proves you want more than you'vegot, and that you haven't yet (30)______ your life. Wilde said he felt sorry for those who never got their heart's desire, but sorrier (31)______ for those who did. I got mine once only, and it nearly killed me, and I've always preferred wanting (32)______ since.For appetite, to me, is this state if wanting, which keeps one's (33)______ alive. I remember learning this lesson long ago as a child, when treats and orgies were (34)______, and when I discovered that the greatest pitch of happiness was not in actually eating a toffee, but in (35)______ it beforehand. True, the first bite was delicious, (36)______ once the toffee was gone one was left with nothing, neither toffee nor lust.So for me, one of the keenest (37)______ of appetite remains in the wanting, not the satisfaction. In this condition, of course, I know that the object of desire is always at its most flawlessly (38)______, which is why I would carry the preservation of appetite (39)______ of deliberate fasting, simply because I think that appetite is (40)______ to lose, too precious to be bludgeoned into insensibility by satiation and over-doing it.26.A. wantingB. interestC. keennessD. eagerness27.A. dishesB. mealsC. smellsD. flavors28.A. ByB. WithC. ThroughD. Of29.A. dissatisfiedB. unsatisfiedC. dissatisfyingD. unsatisfying30.A. used upB. used allC. used overD. finished31.A. moreB. the sameC. evenD. still32.A. to havingB. rather than havingC. instead of havingD. but not having33.A. wantingB. desiringC. curiosityD. expectation34.A. popularB. manyC. fewD. a few35.A. tastingB. imaginingC. bitingD. gazing at36.A. butB. howeverC. andD. for37.A. happinessB. delightsC. pleasuresD. well-being38.A. goodB. bestC. perfectD. perfection39.A. at a degreeB. to an extentC. to some extentD. to the extent40.A. too goodB. so goodC. too hardD. too easyPART V GRAMMAR and VOCABULARY [15 min.]Directions: There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. 41. I have to collect ______ about the topic before I start writing the book.A. a few more materialsB. a few more materialsC. a little more materialsD. a little more material42. You can go out, ______ you promise to be back before 11 o'clock.A. as long asB. unlessC. lestD. in case43. Were it not for the fact that his father is on the board of directors, he ______ the job.A. will never getB. will never have gotC. would never getD. would never have got44. ______ transistor is small in ______ size and highly reliable.A. A, /B. The, /C. A, theD. The, the45. He resented the suggestion that he ______ conscientiously.A. should not workB. did not workC. would not workD. is not working46. He made a long speech ______ his ignorance of the subject.A. only showingB. only showedC. only to showD. only as to show47. Some men would do more for a dog than ______ for a wife.A. they wouldB. they doC. they didD. do48. Under no circumstances ______ do anything that will benefit ourselves.A. we shouldB. should weC. that we shouldD. that we will49. Two hundred miles ______ a long distance ______ in two hours even by a fast car.A. are, to coverB. are, to be coveredC. is, to coverD. is, to be covered50. If reading is to accomplish anything ______ passing time, it must be active.A. more thanB. better thanC. other thanD. without51. It was to New York ______ he went in the hope of finding work on one of the New York newspapers.A. whichB. whereC. asD. that52. ______ has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules.A. ItB. WhichC. AsD. As it53. He left ______ with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon.A. wordsB. a wordC. the wordD. word54. The cat ______ out in front of the fire.A. extendedB. stretchedC. spreadD. squeezed55. The woman writer is very ______ on the subject of African wildlife.A. knowingB. knowledgeableC. intellectualD. intelligent56. Before going to bed she ______ herself that the door was locked.A. assuredB. reassuredC. ensuredD. made sure57. We made plans for a visit, but ______ difficulties with the car prevented it.A. consequentB. consequentialC. subsequentD. incidental58. Children from ______ homes are deprived of the right to receive higher education.A. under-privilegedB. under-developedC. backwardD. straitened59. I can't ______ your bad manners any longer.A. endureB. bearC. standD. tolerate60. She is an ______ housekeeper and feeds her family cheaply.A. economicalB. economicC. thriftD. simple61. I can't come out with you tonight but I'd like to ______ on your offer another time.A. take you inB. take you upC. have you inD. take you out62. The artist ______ an interesting picture by putting the variously-colored shapes together.A. comprisedB. compoundedC. composedD. combined63. It is thought to be a ______ to envy the possessions of other people.A. sinB. crimeC. errorD. mistake64. The change in her manner was ______ of a new attitude towards us.A. implicitB. explicitC. indicativeD. intentional65. Do my eyes ______ me, or is that really an elephant pulling a carriage?A. concealB. relieveC. deceiveD. denyPART VI READING COMPREHENSION [30 min.]SECTION A [25 min.]Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer. Mark your choice on your answer sheet.TEXT AVehicle vogue seems to have taken a decidedly luxurious turn, if this week's annual North American International Auto Show in Detroit is any indicator. Nearly a dozen automakers are unveiling new models or concept cars aimed at affluent buyers -- the goal being to win a place on the open, prosperous highway of the American luxury-car market. Says Michael Dale, president of Jaguar North America: "The economy is wonderful. Wall Street is doing great, and people want to buy a car that feels like more than just transportation. Frankly, you're just not going to get that in a Firebird. "John Smith, general manager of GM's Cadillac division, puts it another way: "Baby boomers have always been a relatively self-indulgent generation. Now that they're becoming empty nesters, the luxury segment is benefiting. "... Indeed, the luxury movement represents the industry's first significant market shift since the introduction of the minivan and the Jeep Grand Cherokee in the mid-1980's. And it suggests that the old model developed by General Motors' Alfred P. Sloan in the early 1920's, which sliced the industry into carefully graded segments and moved consumers up as their income rose, may be headed for extinction. Instead, as automakers lavish more and more attention on a narrower, wealthier band of consumer, the U.S. is moving to a more European marketing model built around sales of luxury ears to the affluent and small, inexpensive shoeboxes on wheels for everyone else.66. Firebird is ______A. a luxury car.B. a practical car.C. a car that everybody likes.D. a car that only American like.67. According to the passage, the introduction of the minivan in the mid-1980's was ______A. a steady development of the car industry.B. an unsignificant change to luxury movement.C. a noted change in the car industry.D. the gradual change to luxury movement.68. Alfred P. Sloan developed a model, which ______A. dealt mainly with the self-indulgent customers.B. evaluated the customers.C. was the reference of the customers.D. was General Motor's principles in producing cars.69. In European market, the car makers pay more attention to the sales of ______A. costly cars.B. cheap cars.C. boxes containing shoes.D. minivans.TEXT BFirst, the bad news. in the past year, Asians seeking education abroad have found it harder than usual to locate the requisite funding. Loans have become more expensive, and government grants have shrunk. As their currencies depreciated drastically against the dollar, countries like Thailand and Malaysia that had been nurturing overseas education programs simply ran out of cash. Malaysia, which had the largest state-funded study-abroad program in Asia, used to shell out ' 660 million for its top students to study overseas. But the program has been cut back by about 90%, and the Education Ministry is urging students to be "patriotic" and stay home. Thailand, which has 2,000 government-sponsored students scattered through the U.S., is also scaling back its study-abroad programs. Although 120 undergraduates were selected to study abroad for free this academic year, just 20 are projected to receive the '28,000 grant each in 1999. And don't expect foreign governments to help fund Asian students either. Although Britons pay only '1,600 a year for their undergraduate education, international students don't get the same subsidy break and must pay an average of '20,000 annually for tuition, living costs and travel expenses. U.S. law prohibits foreign students from receiving any federally funded financial aid, including grants and loans. Unlike their American classmates, most foreign students cannot supplement their income by getting an off-campus job. To keep their visa status as students, international scholars need to carry a full course load and may work at non-college jobs only with a special permit from the Immigration and Naturalization Services -- and it can take months to get approval. (Some of these rules have been relaxed for Asian students hit by the economic crisis, but the grace period won't last forever. )70. According to the passage, how much will Thailand grant the students who will study abroad in 1999?A. ' 594,000.B. '336,000.C. ' 560,000.D. Not mentioned.71. Which of the following is Not true?A. It is difficult for Asians to get enough money to study abroad.B. The Asians studying abroad already feel it hard {or them to live and study.C. The Asians studying in the U. S find life easier for the U. S government may grant them the working permits for good.D. Many foreign students are not entitled to get a part-time job.72. Which of the following can international students get from U.S. in the following year?A. Grants and loans.B. An average of '20,000.C. Some financial aid.D. Visa status as students.TEXT CIt's the 24th century, and aboard the U.S.S. Enterprise, Star Trek chief engineer Geordi LaForge scans the heavens by means of the sophisticated prosthetic lenses that give him superhuman vision. That may be science fiction, but we mere myopes of the 21st century may not have to wait 300 years before we can boldly see where no one has seen before. A new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the University of Heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people's vision sharper than that of cats, owls -- and Goerdi LaForge.Josef Bille, a 54-year-old physics professor, and his colleagues at the university hope that their ultra-customized vision aids will enable hunters to better spot their quarry at dawn, campers to pitch-their tents at dusk without flashlights, drivers to make out the road ahead with more ease and persons suffering from night blindness to see in the dark. Theatergoers might also benefit: the lenses work best when the pupils are fully dilated as when looking at a lighted stage from the depths of a dark auditorium. "Forget opera glasses," crows Bille, "they will no longer be necessary."Bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror -- a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot fledgling stars and far distant galaxies. Connected to a wavefront sensor that tracks and measures the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, thetransparent membrane that covers the lens of the human eye. The highly precise data from the two instruments -- which, Bille hopes, will one day be found at opticians all over the world -- serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance vision so well that the wearer's sight is actually better than nature's perfect 20-20.73. Which of the following is true?A. In the 24 th century, people may have superhuman vision.B. In the 21st century, people can see more clearly at night than owls.C. In the 21st century, there have existed prosthetic lenses.D. In the 24th century, there will be prosthetic lenses.74. What's a "myope"?A. An astronaut.B. A computer fan.C. A near-sighter.D. A far-sighter.75. According to the passage, under what condition can the ultra-customized vision aids work best?A. Hunting in a mountain.B. Hunting with the help of a flash light.C. Looking at a well-lit stage from the darkness.D. Pitching a tent.76. What are the two instruments mentioned in the third paragraph?A. The active mirror and the laser beam.B. The laser beam and the cornea.C. The cornea and the wave-front sensor.D. The wave-front sensor and the active mirror.TEXT DThe push for men to express their feelings presumes that we have feelings and we do have a few, but they remain submerged, and the airing of them often violates their authenticity. We are, as a gender, as dull as we seem. Contrary to the claptrap of the men's movement, men gain power through not talking. "The strength of the genie," said poet Richard Wilbur, "comes from being in a bottle." I'm no biologist, but my guess is that the male human animal was programmed for silence. One can make us talk counter to our genetic makeup, but it is like training kangaroos to box. It's mildlyentertaining but pointless.There's a deep, basically serene well of silence in most men, which, for better and worse, is where we live. I do not mean to start clap-trapping myself, but I often think that all our acts of aggression and posturing arise from that well as forms of overcompensation of panic. Unlike women, men are not social creatures, not born administrators. It's politically correct to think of God as female, but no woman would have thrown Lucifer out of heaven; she would have offered him a desk job. Had Lucifer been a woman, she would have dropped all that "myself am hell" business and taken it.I would go so far as to argue that men were programmed to be isolated from one another and that aloneness is our natural state. Silence in male friendships is our way of being alone with each other. Once men have established a friendship, that itself is the word. The affection is obvious, at least to us. A main component of our silence is an appreciation of the obvious.77. Which of the following statements about men is true?A. Men are talkative.B. Men are powerful.C. Men are reticent.D. Men are authentic.78. Richard Wilbur said, "The strength of the genie comes from being in a bottle." What does he mean?A. Men take advantage of the men's movement.B. Men don't enjoy talking.C. Men attain control over the others by saying nothing.D. Men enjoy keeping the genie in a bottle.79. When a man tends to be aggressive, that's the result of the following except ______A. his terror.B. his excessive desire to make up for his loss.C. his administrative instinct.D. his isolation from the others.80. The example of Lucifer in the second paragraph suggests all of the following except ______.A. a man is more qualified for office job.B. a woman is more practical than a man.C. a man is not as easy-going as a woman.D. a man tends to remain isolated.SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING [5 min. ] Directions: In this section there are eight passages followed by ten questions or unfinished statements. Skim or scan the passages as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT EFirst read the following question.81. The best title for this passage is ______A. reading more can help.B. bad news on illiteracy.C. stop reading and begin exercising.D. 65, a dangerous age.Now skim the passage below and answer the question.Not reading well, it turns out, can be hazardous to your health. A new study shows that people who have difficulty reading or understanding health-related materials are more than twice as likely to end up in a hospital as those who don't. This has especially dire implications for many Americans over age 65, nearly half of whom are classified as functionally illiterate.TEXT FFirst read the following question.82. According to the passage, Harley-Davidson is ______A. a motorcycle.B. a computer.C. a mechanic mouse.D. a watch.Now skim the passage and answer the questionHarley-Davidson fans who are moving their hands away from the throttle and onto the mouse worry M. Z. Berger Co. , maker of Harley watches. So the company plans to lure the riders away from computers and back to bikes. Those who send in theircomputer mouse will be rewarded with watches and other Harley apparel. No word yet on free tattoos.TEXT GFirst read the following questions.83. Hashmatullab Khan asks, "Who would kill the goose that lays the golden egg?" What does he suggest?A. He has a goose that lays golden eggs.B. He has an antelope that lays golden eggs.C. He will kill the antelope.D. He won't kill the antelope.84. What proof do the conservationists hold against the words of the weavers?A. Tibetan antelopes only eat bushes and shrubs.B. There are few bushes for antelopes to feed on.C. Tibetan antelopes don't brush up against bushes.D. There are no shrubs for antelope to brush up against.Now skim the passage and answer the questions.In Jammu and Kashmir, India's northernmost state and the only place a worldwide ban on trade in Tibetan antelope doesn't apply, workers in the industry deny the creatures are killed at all. Asks Hashmatullah Khan of the Kashmir Handicraft Traders Welfare Association: "Who would kill the goose that lays the golden egg?" Khan insists that weavers use only hair the animals leave behind after brushing against bushes and shrubs. Conservationists say that's a myth perpetuated by a misinformed retail industry. Urging an end to the shahtoosh trade, they point out that there aren't any bushes and shrubs on the plateau to brush up against.TEXT HFirst read the following questions.85. The Pollumetre Air is a pollution reader not aimed to help ______A. pregnant women and patients.B. people know how bad the air is just around you.C. people forecast the weather.D. people protect themselves.。