新编英语教程6 Unit 7 Beauty
新编英语教程6unit7
9. Can you think of any concrete example
of what Sontag calalization of their sex”?(para.6) What
Unit Seven Beauty
I. Words and Expressions: mely: weakly,unsatisfactorily 2.Paradoxical: seemingly self-contradictory;
puzzling 3.seductive: attractive; charming 4. Pedagogical: teaching 5. Wary: careful; heedful 6.on the defensive: prepared for
---Beauty, when considered in relation to a female, involves a judgment of not only looks but also character and intellect, making itself a much more controversial issue. 6.Why does Sontag think that regarding women as the beautiful sex is detriment to both the notion of beauty and that of women?(para.4) It depreciates the notion of beauty itself, and implies a sexually unfair judgment of women.
8. What does Sontag refer to by “stereotypes” in the last sentence of para.5? And what have they to do with the “mixed reputation” beauty enjoys? ---Fixed notions of the two sexes; what people generally think a man or a woman should be like. ---The association of beauty with nice looks but dependence and inability, and disassociation with intellect and success give it a mixed reputation.
最新新编英语教程6-U7-Beauty-中英翻译
BeautySusan SontagFor the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what we now have to call lamely, enviously whole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person’s “inside” and “outside”, they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite paradoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive and so ugly. One of Socrates main pedagogical acts was to be ugly and teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was.They may hav e resisted Socrates’ lessons. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty. We not only split off with the greatest facility-the “inside” (character, intellect) from the “outside” (looks): but we are actually surp rised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talent and good.It was principally the influence of Christianity that deprived beauty of the central place it had in classical ideals of human excellence (virtus in latin) to moral virtue only, Christianity set beauty adrift-as an alienated, arbitrary, superficial enchantment. And beauty has continued to lose prestige. For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes: the sex which, however Fair, is always Second. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.A beautiful woman, we say in English. But a handsome man. “Handsome” is the masculine equivalentof-and refusal of-a compliment which has accumulate certain demeaning overtones, by being resolved women only. That one can call a man in French and in Italian suggests that catholic countries, unlike those countries shaped by the Protestant version of Christianity, still retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty. But the differences, if one exists, is of degrees only. In every modern country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.To be called beautiful is th ought to name something essential to women’s character and concerns. (In contrast to men whose essence is to be strong or competent). It doesn’t take someone in the throes of advanced feminist awareness to perceive that the way women are taught to be involved with beauty encourages narcissism, reinforces dependence and immaturity. Everybody (women and men) knows that. For it is ”every body”, a whole society, that has identified with caring about what one is and does and only secondarily, if at all, about how one looks.) Given these stereotype, it is on wonder that beauty enjoys, at best, a rather mixed reputation.It is not, of course, the desire to be beautiful that is wrong but the obligation to be or to try. What is accepted by most women as a flattering idealization of their sex is a way of making women feel inferior to what they actually are, or normally grow to be. For the ideal of beauty is administered as a form ofself-oppression. Women are taught to see their bodies in parts, and to evaluate each part separately. Breasts, feet, hips, waistline neck, eyes, nose, complexion, hair, and so on, each in turn is submitted to an anxious, fretful, often despairing scrutiny. Even if some pass muster, some will always be found wanting. Nothing less than perfection will do.In men, good looks is a whole, something taken in at a glance. It does not need to be confirmed y givingmeasurements of different regions of the body, nobody encourages a man to dissect his appearance, feature by feature. As for perfection, that is considered trivial-almost unmanly. Indeed, in the ideally good-looking man a small imperfection or blemish is considered positively desirable. According to one movie critic (a woman) who is a declared Robert Redford fan, it is having that cluster of skin-colored moles on one cheek that saves Redford from being merely a “pretty face.” Think of the depreciation of women, as well as of beauty, that id implied in that judgment.“The privileges of beauty are immense.” said Cocteau. To be sure, beauty i s a form of power. And deservedly so. What is lamentable is that it is the only form of power that most women are encouraged to seek. This power is always conceived relation to men; it is not the power to do that but the power to attract. It is a power that negates itself. For this power is not one that can be chosen freely, at least, not by women, or renounced without social censure.To preen, for a woman, can never be jut a pleasure. It is also a duty. It is her work. If a woman dose real work, and even if she has clambered up to a leading position in politics, law, medicine, business, or whatever, she is always under pressure to a confess that she still works at bring attractive. But in so far as she is keeping up as one of the Fair Sex, she brings under suspicion her very capacity to be objective, professional, authoritative, thoughtful. Damned if they do-women are. And damned if they don’t.One could hardly ask for more important evidence of the dangers of considering persons as split between what is “inside” and what is “outside” than that interminable half-comic half-tragic tale, the oppression of women. How easy it is to start off by defining women as caretakers of their surfaces, and then to disparage them (or find them adorable) for being “superficial”. It is a crude trap, and it has worked for too long. But to get out of the trap requires that women get some critical distance from the excellence and privilege which is beauty, enough distance to see how much beauty itself has been abridged in order to prop up the mythology of the “feminine”. There should be a way of saving beauty from women, and for them.对于古希腊人来说，美丽是一种美德：一种出色表现。
新编英语教程6-u7-beauty中英翻译
BeautySusan SontagF or the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what we now have to call lamely, enviously whole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person’s “inside” and “outside”, they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quite paradoxical that their hero was so intelligent, so brave, so honorable, so seductive and so ugly. One of Socrates main pedagogical acts was to be ugly and teach those innocent, no doubt splendid-looking disciples of his how full of paradoxes life really was.T hey may have resisted Socrates’ lessons. We do not. Several thousand years later, we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty. We not only split off with the greatest facility-the “inside” (character, intellect) from the “outside” (looks): but we are actually surprised when someone who is beautiful is also intelligent, talent and good.I t was principally the influence of Christianity that deprived beauty of the central place it had in classical ideals of human excellence (virtus in latin) to moral virtue only, Christianity set beauty adrift-as an alienated, arbitrary, superficial enchantment. And beauty has continued to lose prestige. For close to two centuries it has become a convention to attribute beauty to only one of the two sexes: the sex which, however Fair, is always Second. Associating beauty with women has put beauty even further on the defensive, morally.A beautiful woman, we say in English. But a handsome man. “Handsome” is the masculine equivalent of-and refusal of-a compliment which has accumulate certain demeaning overtones, by being resolved women only. That one can call a man in French and in Italian suggests that catholic countries, unlike those countries shaped by the Protestant version of Christianity, still retain some vestiges of the pagan admiration for beauty. But the differences, if one exists, is of degrees only. In every modern country that is Christian or post-Christian, women are the beautiful sex to the detriment of the notion of beauty as well as of women.T o be called beautiful is thought to name something essential to women’s character and concerns. (In contr ast to men whose essence is to be strong or competent). It doesn’t take someone in the throes of advanced feminist awareness to perceive that the way women are taught to be involved with beauty encourages narcissism, reinforces dependence and immaturity. Everybody (women and men) knows that. For it is ”every body”, a whole society, that has identified with caring about what one is and does and only secondarily, if at all, about how one looks.) Given these stereotype, it is on wonder that beauty enjoys, at best, a rather mixed reputation.I t is not, of course, the desire to be beautiful that is wrong but the obligation to be or to try. What is accepted by most women as a flattering idealization of their sex is a way of making women feel inferior to what they actually are, or normally grow to be. For the ideal of beauty is administered as a form of self-oppression. Women are taught to see their bodies in parts, and to evaluate each part separately. Breasts, feet, hips, waistline neck, eyes, nose, complexion, hair, and so on, each in turn is submitted to an anxious, fretful, often despairing scrutiny. Even if some pass muster, some will always be found wanting. Nothing less than perfection will do.I n men, good looks is a whole, something taken in at a glance. It does not need to be confirmed y giving measurements of different regions of the body, nobody encourages a man to dissect his appearance, feature by feature. As for perfection, that is considered trivial-almost unmanly. Indeed, in the ideally good-looking man a small imperfection or blemish is considered positively desirable. According to one movie critic (a woman) who is a declared Robert Redford fan, it is having that clusterof skin-colored moles on one cheek that saves Redford from being merely a “pretty face.” Think of the depreciation of women, as well as of beauty, that id implied in that judgment.“The privileges of beauty are immense.” said Cocteau. To be sure, beauty is a form of power. And deservedly so. What is lamentable is that it is the only form of power that most women are encouraged to seek. This power is always conceived relation to men; it is not the power to do that but the power to attract. It is a power that negates itself. For this power is not one that can be chosen freely, at least, not by women, or renounced without social censure.T o preen, for a woman, can never be jut a pleasure. It is also a duty. It is her work. If a woman dose real work, and even if she has clambered up to a leading position in politics, law, medicine, business, or whatever, she is always under pressure to a confess that she still works at bring attractive. But in so far as she is keeping up as one of the Fair Sex, she brings under suspicion her very capacity to be objective, professional, authoritative, thoughtful. Damned if they do-women are. And damned if they don’t.O ne could hardly ask for more important evidence of the dangers of considering persons as split between what is “inside” and what is “outside” than that interminable half-comic half-tragic tale, the oppression of women. How easy it is to start off by defining women as caretakers of their surfaces, and then to disparage them (or find them adorable) for being “superficial”. It is a crude trap, and it has worked for too long. But to get out of the trap requires that women get some critical distance from the excellence and privilege which is beauty, enough distance to see how much beauty itself has been abridged in order to prop up the mythology of the “feminine”. There should be a way of saving beauty from women, and for them.对于古希腊人来说，美丽是一种美德：一种出色表现。
新编英语教程 6 unit 7
2. In what sense is the word “beauty” used in the sentence “we are more wary of the enchantments of beauty”(para.2) And how do you interpret the sentence? In the overall sense of the word, i.e., overall excellence. We are more aware (than the ancient Greeks) of the aspects “beauty” has, which we think distinguishable and should be distinguished.
Unit Seven Beauty
I. Words and Expressions: mely: weakly,unsatisfactorily 2.Paradoxical: seemingly self-contradictory;
puzzling 3.seductive: attractive; charming 4. Pedagogical: teaching 5. Wary: careful; heedful 6.on the defensive: prepared for
Protestantism is a special development within Christianity. It is distinct from Roman Catholicism in that it breaks from papal obedience. Protestantism is widely practiced in most northwestern European countries except southern Germany, Ireland, France, and Belgium.
新编英语教程第6册教案Unit Seven
地弹钢琴
的技巧来自实践。
Practice gives a wonderful facility. 娴熟
Paragraph 2
facility of style 文体的流畅
Paragraph 3
deprive … of: take … away from E.g.: Women in some places in the world today are still deprived of the right to vote. A serious case of trachoma (沙眼) deprived him of his eyesight.
I. Library Work
spiritual authority Christ assigned to his apostles. The voice of the Pope is regarded as infallible when speaking on matters of faith and morals. Protestantism is a special development within Christianity. It is distinct from Roman Catholicism in that it breaks from papal obedience. Protestantism is widely
overtone: things that are suggested but not shown or stated clearly 弦外之音，含 蓄之意；暗示 E.g.: His words were polite, but there were overtones of anger in his voice. a reply full of overtones 话里有话的回答
新编英语教程6-课文翻译
第1单元避免两词铭记两词在生活中，没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋的，它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变，而且变得更好。
当然，这种顿悟是很罕见的，但仍然可以发生在我们所有人身上。
它有时来自一本书，一个说教或一行诗歌，有时也来自一个朋友。
在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬天的下午，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。
因为几次误算，在我生命中一个至关重要的项目就这样落空了。
就因为这样，甚至连期望看到一个老朋友（我常常私下亲切的想到的一个老人）的情形都不像以前那样令我兴奋。
我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着色彩多样的桌布，清醒的嚼着苦涩的食物。
他穿过街道，裹着旧棉袄，一顶帽子从光头打下来，看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生，倒像是一个精力充沛的侏儒。
他的办公室在附近到处都有，我知道他刚刚离开他最后一个病人。
他接近80岁，但仍然扛着一个装着满满文件的公文包，工作起来仍然像一个大公司的主管，无论何时有空，他都仍然爱去高尔夫球场。
当他走过来坐我旁边时，服务员早已把他总是要喝的啤酒端了过来，我已经几个月没有见他了，但他似乎还是老样子。
没有任何寒暄，他就问我“怎么了，年轻人？”我已经不再对他的样子感到奇怪，所以我详细地把烦恼告诉他。
带着一丝忧伤的自豪。
我尽量说出实情，除了我自己，我并没有因为失望而责备任何人。
我分析了整件事情，但所有负面评价以及错误仍然继续。
我讲了约有十五分钟，这期间老人只是默默的喝着啤酒。
我讲完后，他取下眼镜说：“到我的办公室去。
”“到你的办公室？你忘了带什么了吗？”他和蔼的说“不是，我想看看你对某些事情的反应，仅此而已。
”外面开始下起小雨，但他的办公室很温暖，舒服，亲切：放满书的书架靠着墙壁，长皮沙发，弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照，还有墙边放着的录音笔。
他的秘书回家了，只有我们在那里。
老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔，然后说：“这里有到我这来求助的三个人的简单录音，当然，这没有说明具体是哪三个人。
我想让你听听，看你是否能找出双字词的短语，这里是在三个案例中共有的。
新编英语教程6Unit 7 text I Beauty
U n i t7t e x t I B e a u t yS o m e s a y i n g s o n B e a u t y1.T h e g o o d i s t h e b e a u t i f u l.--L y s i a s,P l a t o(428?B C-347?B C, G r e e k p h i l o s o p h e r)2.―Beauty is truth, truth beauty,‖—that is all--"O d e o n a G r e c i a n U r n",J o h n K e a t s (1795-1821,B r i t i s h p o e t.)3.T h e b e a u t i f u l i s t h e s y m b o l o f t h e m o r a l l y g o o d.--C r i t i q u e o f J u d g e m e n t I m m a n u e l K a n t(1724-1804,G e r m a n p h i l o s o p h e r)4.b e a u t y i s g o o d n e s s.--T h e K r e u t z e r S o n a t a,L e o T o l s t o y(1828-1910,R u s s i a n w r i t e r)5.B e a u t y i s a l t o g e t h e r i n t h e e y e o f t h e b e h o l d e r.情人眼里出西施，美只是自我观感M o l l y B a w n,M a r g a r e t W o l f e H u n g e r f o r d(1855?-1897,I r i s h n o v e l i s t)mely ，weakly，(lit) unable to walk，站不住的- (extended) When used to describe an excuse, argument, remark as “lame”, it means “weak”,“poor” （牵强的、勉强的、）e,g,⏹(I did n’t hand in the assignment). My lame excusewas that I had too much else to do.⏹(He didn’t say “hello” to me the other day we met.)“I didn’t recognize you,” he said lamely.2.paradoxical---incongruous, self-contradictory.Example:⏹It is paradoxical that an intelligent child like himshould write such a poor hand.⏹It is paradoxical that the loneliest people live inthe most crowded places.paradox(n.) ----a situation which involves two opposite facts. Examples:⏹There are a lot of paradoxes in real life.⏹It is a paradox that racial discrimination andprotection of human rights should coexist in somecountries.3. seductive，attractive，charming4. pedagogical，of teachingpedagogue --- (archaic/derogatory) school master, teacher (教书匠)pedagogy – science of teaching 教学法5.wary ---- cautious，carefulExample:⏹People are understandably wary of the newgovernment.⏹Having been taken in several times by streetpeddlers, he is now very wary of them.⏹I’m very wary about believing these stories.6. throes ，“intens e or violent pain and struggles”in the throes of --- in the middle of doing something very difficult.; be deeply involved in something.Examples:⏹The country was in the throes of political reform.⏹The company was then in the throes ofreorganization. 正处于改制的混乱和痛苦中）⏹We are in the throes of drawing a blueprint for thereorganization of the Students’ Union.7. narcissism，the habit of excessive admiring oneself.8.obligation，duty，requirements9.fretful，irritable，complaining，worried orunhappy about something，10. pass muster，qualify，meet the requirements11.depreciation，devaluation；a disparaging or belittling act12.censure --- an expression of blame，harsh criticism13.preen，trim oneself carefully；dress with elaborate care14. interminable，endlessBeautySusan SontagPre-reading questions1. It is believed that almost without exception everyone wishes to be beautiful. However what kind of beauty is more important, inter nal beauty or external beauty?2. Is there any universally acceptable criterion for judging beauty?1 For the Greeks, beauty was a virtue: a kind of excellence. Persons then were assumed to be what we now have to call—lamely, enviously—whole persons. If it did occur to the Greeks to distinguish between a person‘s ―“inside” and “outside”, they still expected that inner beauty would be matched by beauty of the other kind.美之于古希腊人是一种德性，一种美德。
高级英语（新编英语教程6）单元词汇Unit1-7
高级英语(新编英语教程6)单元的课文词汇 Unit 1 Two World to Avoid, Two to Remember1.insight: the capacity to gain an accurate and deep instinctive understanding of a situation.洞察力。
2.checkered tablecloth: tablecloth that has a pattern consisting of alternating squares of different colours. The British spelling of checkered is chequered．有方格图案的桌布。
3.chew the cud: think reflectively。
反复思考。
4.gnome: (in legends) a little old man who lives underground and guards the earth’s treasures 土地神；a small ugly person侏儒。
5.melancholy: (adj.) sad，gloomy，depressed.忧郁地。
6.berate: scold or criticize angrily严责。
7.a perverse streak: an obstinate quality。
固执。
8.ruefully: regretfully。
悔恨地。
9.drag: (slang) a boring thing；nuisance。
令人厌烦的东西10.immortality: never-ending life or endless fame。
不朽, 不朽的声名Unit 2 The Fine Art of Putting Things Off1.cool one’s heels：be forced to wait; be kept waiting。
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Unit 71. Lame (l.2) (Note 1): weak; unsatisfactory 站不住脚的；差劲的，蹩脚的E.g.: a lame excuse 站不住脚的借口lame counterfeits of the original 原件的拙劣复制品 Sleeping too long is a lame excuse for being late.睡过了头不能成为迟到的充足理由。
lame duck 无能者 lame-brain [美俚]笨蛋, 傻瓜lame as a tree 极跛的lamely: feebly, weakly, unsatisfactorily2.paradoxical (l.5): seemingly self-contradictory;incongruous; puzzlingparadox (n.): a seemingly contradictory statement that may nonetheless be true 似是而非的评论；看起来自相矛盾但可能正确的说法E.g.: It is a paradox that racial discrimination andprotection of human rights should coexist in the samecountry.3.seductive (l.6) (Note 6): attractive; charming; captivatinga seductive smile 诱人的微笑 a seductive offer 有吸引力的提议※ Use seductive very carefully. When seductive is usedto describe a woman, the word has a derogatoryconnotation.4.pedagogical (l.7): teachingpedagogy 教学法；教育学5.wary (l.10): heedful; careful; cautious; distrustful;guarded; suspicious谨慎的，小心翼翼的；警惕的E.g.: Having been taken in several times by street pedlars,he is now very wary of them.6.facility (l.11) (Note 9): quality which makes learning ordoing things easy or simple; absence of difficulty or effort 熟练，灵巧；技巧，技能；流畅E.g.: play the piano with facility 技巧娴熟地弹钢琴facility of style 流畅的文体7.set / turn adrift (l.15): leave (someone or a boat) to floaton the water, without direction 使（船）漂流；使漂泊着没有着落；撇弃…于不顾E.g.: The sailors, after quarrelling with their captain,set him adrift on the ocean in an open boat.8.lose prestige (l.16): lose significance, lose prominence9.on the defensive (l.19)(Note 15): prepared for disapprovalor attack; acting in a way that is intended to protect oneself防御立场；被动E.g. We took a defensive attitude in the negotiation. 我们在谈判时取守势。
defensive war 保卫战, 自卫战 defensive works防御工事Ant. on the offensive10.demean (l.22): (formal) lower in the opinion of oneself orothers降低…的身份；有辱…的人格；贬损E.g.: demean oneself by taking a bribe 因受贿而为人不齿11.overtone (l.22): things that are suggested but not shown orstated clearly; implication; connotation 弦外之音，含蓄之意；暗示E.g.: His words were polite, but there were overtones of anger in his voice.a reply full of overtones 话里有话的回答demeaning overtones (l.22): degrading connotations;implications of humiliation12.vestiges (l.24)(Note 17): traces that have once existed butexist no moreE.g.: vestiges of an ancient civilization 古代文明的遗迹（“遗迹”常用复数）without a vestige of clothing 一丝不挂There is not a vestige of truth in the report. 这项报告中没有一句是真话。
13.detriment (l.27) (Note 19): harm; damage 损害；不利；伤害E.g.: Smoking is a detriment to one’s health. 吸烟危害健康。
The war caused great detriment to the nation’s economy.战争大大地损害了该国经济。
to the detriment of (ll.24-25)(Note 19): to the harm of; to the disadvantage of有损于… (或对…不利)E.g.:He constantly reads in the dim light, to the detriment of his eyesight.He sits up very late to the detriment of his health.他常常熬夜, 这对他的健康不利。
without detriment to: causing no harm or danger to 无损于…14.in the throes of (l.30) (Note 20): in the middle of doingsomething very difficultE.g.: We are in the throes of drawing a blueprint for thereorganization of the Students’ Union.in the throes of revolution 处于革命的动荡时期throes (l.30):intense or violent pain and struggle; a condition of agonizing struggle or effort挣扎，处于极为痛苦的斗争或苦恼中; upheaval (动乱；剧变)E.g.: a country in the throes of economic collapse. 挣扎于经济崩溃的国家death throes 临终痛苦 throes of childbirth 分娩的阵痛15.narcissism (l.32): excessive love or admiration of oneself自我陶醉；自恋Narcissus n. (Greek Mythology) A youth who pined away inlove for his own image in a pool of water andwas transformed into the flower that bears hisname.【希神】那西塞斯(一个青年由于对水池中自己形象的眷恋而死去，变成一种以他的名字命名的花朵即水仙花)narcissus 以美貌自夸的青年；水仙花16.obligation (l.38): duty; social requirement that compels oneto follow a certain course of action17.submit to (l.43) (Note 25): offer (an idea, something written,etc.) for consideration to (someone or a group) 使经受，使受到E.g.: submit an applicant to examination 对申请者进行考试18.fretful (l.44): irritable; complaining 苦恼的；烦躁的E.g.: a fretful baby crying all night 整夜啼哭烦躁不安的婴孩Syn. cross; impatient; vexed; peevish; discontented;ill-tempered; fractious（易怒）19.pass muster (l.44) (Note 26): be accepted as satisfactory通过检验；被认为合格或符合要求；被认为可以接受E.g.: Such excuses will not pass muster with him.这种借口在他面前是通不过的。
muster: a gathering of people, especially of soldiers to march or be inspected (军队等) 集合，集结；检阅E.g.: There was a muster of all the militiamen. 全体民兵都集合起来了。
call out the troops to stand muster 召集部队接受检阅20.blemish (l.50): a mark that spoils the beauty or perfection瑕疵；疤痕21.mole (l.51): a small, dark brown, slightly raised mark ona person’s skin, usually there since birth 痣；鼹鼠22.the depreciation of women (l.52): the devaluation of women;the dec rease in value of women; the lowering of women’sstatusdepreciation: a disparaging or a belittling act or instancee.g. a depreciation of currency 通货贬值23.renounce (l.58): give up (a claim); say formally that onedoes not own 声明放弃E.g.: renounce one’s claim to an inheritance 声明放弃对一笔遗产的继承权renounce smoking and drinking 戒烟戒酒24.censure (l.59): an expression of blame or disapproval 责备；公开谴责E.g.: a vote of censure 不信任决议[投票] lay oneself open to public censure 授人以(责难的)口实25.preen (l.60) (Note 31): (of a bird) clean or smooth (itselfor its feathers) with the beak; (of a person) make (oneself) neat; adorn or trim (oneself) carefully用嘴（或舌）整理…的羽毛；精心打扮E.g.: She preened herself in the mirror. 她对镜梳妆。