高考英语一轮复习专题课件：专题9定语从句(人教版)

④当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时。 What is the first American film that you have seen? 你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？ ⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about？你知道他们正在谈论的事和人吗？ ⑥当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Which is the bike that you lost? 哪一辆自行车是你丢的？ Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 获得金牌的男孩是谁？
1.关系代词that与which的用法区别 (1)只用that引导的定语从句。 that 在定语从句中可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作 主语或宾语，可以代替who, whom, which等。下列情况只用that 而不用which引导定语从句。 ① 当 先 行 词 是 不 定 代 词 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。 Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? 你还有想要为你自己说的事情吗？ You should hand in all that you have. 你应该上交你拥有的一切。
关系代词引导的定语从句 常用关系代词的用法如下： 关系代词 who whom that 修饰的先行词 人 人 人或物 所作成分 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语、表语
which whose as
物 人或物 人或物
主语、宾语 定语 主语、宾语、表语
The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 昨天来我们学校参观的那个外国人来自加拿大。 They planted some trees that/which didn't need much water. 他们种了一些不需要浇太多水的树木。
⑦当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表 语时。 Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. 上海不再是以前的那座城市了。 (2)用which而不用that引导的定语从句 ①which可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。 He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry.他没通过数学考试，这令他父亲很生气。 ②在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which而不用that引导。 This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live. 这是鲁迅曾住过的地方。
②当先行词前面被the only, the very(恰恰，正好)，any， few, little, no, all等词修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is give you some money. 我们唯一能做的事情是给你一些钱。 ③当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高 级修饰时。 This is the best that has been used against pollution. 这是用来抵制污染最好的(方法)。 This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan. (whose在从句中用作定语，不可省略) 失去父母的孩子叫孤儿。 I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. ＝I'd like a room，of which the window looks out over the sea. ＝I'd like a room，the window of which looks out over the sea. 我想要一个窗户面朝大海的房间。
(1)(2011·山东， 32)The old town has narrow streets and small houses that/which are built close to each other. 解析 本题考查定语从句。句意：这古老的城镇拥有狭窄的街
道和一些小房子，这些房子都靠得很近。本题为定语从句，且 从句中缺少主语，用that/which引导。
(2)(陕西卷)The old temple whose roof was damaged iБайду номын сангаас the storm is now under repair. 解析 该题中先行词为 temple ，将其代入后面的从句中可知 temple作定语，故选whose。
3.关系代词as引导的定语从句 关系代词 as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限 制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句式：
2.关系代词who，whom和whose的用法 (1)关系代词who，whom先行词指人。who是主格，在从句 中作主语，不可省略； whom/that在定语从句中作宾语时，可以 省略； whose 是属格，先行词既可指人，也可指物。在定语从 句中用作定语，不可省略。 The man who was here yesterday is a painter. (who在从句 中作主语) 昨天在这里的那个人是画家。 I know the man whom you mean. (whom在从句中用作宾语，可省略) 我认识你指的那个人。