专业英语练习题
制药工程专业英语课后练习题含答案 (2)
制药工程专业英语课后练习题含答案题目一：Drug Substance Manufacturing1.What is Drug Substance Manufacturing?–A. It is the process of producing a finished drug product.–B. It is the process of producing the activeingredient or drug substance used in a drug product.–C. It is the process of packaging and labeling a finished drug product.–D. It is the process of performing clinical trials ona drug product.Answer: B. It is the process of producing the active ingredient or drug substance used in a drug product.2.What are the steps involved in Drug Substance Manufacturing?–A. Synthesis, isolation, and purification.–B. Packaging, labeling, and testing.–C. Clinical trials, manufacturing, and distribution.–D. None of the above.Answer: A. Synthesis, isolation, and purification.3.What is the mn purpose of Drug Substance Manufacturing?–A. To produce a finished drug product for human use.–B. To provide the active ingredient or drug substance used in a drug product.–C. To test and validate the safety and efficacy of a drug product.–D. To distribute a drug product to consumers.Answer: B. To provide the active ingredient or drug substance used in a drug product.题目二：Pharmaceutical Formulation1.What is Pharmaceutical Formulation?–A. It is the process of producing a finished drug product.–B. It is the process of selecting and combining ingredients to produce a drug product.–C. It is the process of packaging and labeling a finished drug product.–D. It is the process of performing clinical trials ona drug product.Answer: B. It is the process of selecting and combining ingredients to produce a drug product.2.What are the key considerations in PharmaceuticalFormulation?–A. Safety, efficacy, and stability.–B. Cost, avlability, and taste.–C. Appearance, texture, and smell.–D. None of the above.Answer: A. Safety, efficacy, and stability.3.What is the role of excipients in Pharmaceutical Formulation?–A. They are the active ingredients in a drug product.–B. They are the inactive ingredients in a drug product that help to improve its properties.–C. They are the ingredients in a drug product that are responsible for the color and flavor.–D. None of the above.Answer: B. They are the inactive ingredients in a drug product that help to improve its properties.题目三：Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)1.What is Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)?–A. It is a set of regulations and guidelines that ensure the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products.–B. It is a set of regulations and guidelines that ensure the efficacy of pharmaceutical products.–C. It is a set of regulations and guidelines that ensure the affordability of pharmaceutical products.–D. None of the above.Answer: A. It is a set of regulations and guidelines that ensure the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products.2.What are the key components of Good Manufacturing Practice(GMP)?–A. Quality control, documentation, and facility design.–B. Clinical trials, manufacturing, and distribution.–C. Cost control, inventory management, and customer service.–D. None of the above.Answer: A. Quality control, documentation, and facility design.3.Why is Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) important?–A. It helps to ensure the quality and safety ofpharmaceutical products.–B. It helps to reduce the cost of producingpharmaceutical products.–C. It helps to increase the avlability ofpharmaceutical products.–D. None of the above.Answer: A. It helps to ensure the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products.总结本文介绍了制药工程专业英语中的几个重要概念和术语，包括Drug Substance Manufacturing（药品物质制造）、Pharmaceutical Formulation（制剂开发）以及Good Manufacturing Practice（良好生产规范）。
工业工程专业英语课后练习题含答案
工业工程专业英语课后练习题含答案1. What is Industrial Engineering?Industrial engineering is a field which seeks to optimize the use of resources (including people, machines, materials, and money) in the design and implementation of manufacturing and production systems. It is concerned with managing and improving the overall efficiency, productivity, and qualityof these systems, as well as ensuring the health and safetyof workers.2. What are the key areas that industrial engineers focus on?Industrial engineers focus on a number of areas, including: •Manufacturing and production systems design and improvement•Supply chn management•Quality control and process improvement•Ergonomics and workplace design•Project management•Safety and risk management3. What are some common industrial engineering tools and techniques?Some common industrial engineering tools and techniques include:•Lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies for process improvement•Computer-ded design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) for product and system design•Statistical analysis and modeling for data analysis and decision making•Simulation modeling for system analysis and optimization•Work measurement and time motion studies for process analysis and improvement•Human factors engineering for design of workspaces and equipment4. What are the benefits of industrial engineering?The benefits of industrial engineering include:•Increased productivity and efficiency ofmanufacturing and production systems•Reduced waste and costs in manufacturing and production processes•Improved quality control and product quality•Safer and more ergonomic workspaces for employees•Improved supply chn management and logistics•More effective project management and resource allocation5. What are the education and career requirements for industrial engineering?To become an industrial engineer, one typically needs a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in industrial engineering or a related field. Some common coursework includes statistics, operations research, supply chn management, and manufacturing systems design. Industrial engineers can work in a variety of industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, and government. They may work in roles such as process engineer, business analyst, quality engineer, or project manager.Answers to Practice Questions:1.What is the goal of industrial engineering?The goal of industrial engineering is to optimize the use of resources in the design and implementation of manufacturing and production systems in order to improve efficiency, productivity, and quality.2.What are some key areas that industrial engineersfocus on?Industrial engineers focus on areas such as manufacturing and production systems design and improvement, supply chn management, quality control and process improvement, ergonomics and workplace design, project management, andsafety and risk management.3.What are some common tools and techniques used byindustrial engineers?Common industrial engineering tools and techniques include lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies, computer-ded design and manufacturing, statistical analysis and modeling, simulation modeling, work measurement and time motion studies, and human factors engineering.4.What are some benefits of industrial engineering?Benefits of industrial engineering include increased productivity and efficiency, reduced waste and costs,improved quality control and product quality, safer and more ergonomic workspaces, improved supply chn management and logistics, and more effective project management and resource allocation.5.What education and career requirements are therefor industrial engineering?To become an industrial engineer, one typically needs a degree in industrial engineering or a related field, and may work in roles such as process engineer, business analyst, quality engineer, or project manager.。
(完整word版)英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies， according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University。
The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2，000,000 maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternaldeaths in developing countries， excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____the United Nation's Children's Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8_____ pregnancy； pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____mother is 35 years old； pregnancies after four births； and those lesser than ____10____two years apart.参考答案及解析：1 将had used 改为 used。
英语专业四级词汇语法练习100题及答案
英语专业四级词汇语法练习100题及答案TEM-4 Exercise 1(Grammar & Vocabulary)1. _____ all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen.A. AtB. InC. ForD. On2. ____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive3. ____ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization.A. ContinuousB. ContinualC. ConstantD. Contrary4. ____ he's already heard the news.A. Chances areB. Chance isC. Opportunities areD. Opportunity is5.____ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid.A. But forB. According toC. For allD. Thanks to6. ____ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.A. AsB. WhetherC. WhileD. Now that7. ____ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A. To be freeC. FreeingD. Freed8. ____ should any money be given to a small child.A. On no accountB. From all accountC. Of no accountD. By all account9.____ the advances of the science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A. As forB. DespiteC. ExceptD.Besides10. ____ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A.To giveB.GivenC.GivingD. Having given11. ____ the sight of the police officers, the men ran off.A.InB. AtC. OnD.With12. ____ the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint.A. Making upB. Doing upC. Putting upD.Sizing up13. ____ the whole, early American city planning was excellent.A. InB. FromC. OnD.Above14. ____ we are having these days!A. What a lovely weatherC. What lovely weatherD. What lovely a weather15. ____, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equalB. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other thingsD. Other things to be equal16. ____, he does not love her.A. As he likes her very muchB. Though much he likes herC. Much although he likes herD. Much though he likes her17. A drunk man walked in, ____ in appearance.A. repulsiveB. reluctantC. reproachfulD. reputed18. A good many houses ____ knocked down by the earthquake.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are19. A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas.A. conveyB. displayC. consultD. confront20. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is____ conditions or events.A. in response toB. in favor ofC. in contrast toD. in excess of21. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily ____ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.22. A man has to make _____ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.A. supplyB. assuranceC. provisionD. adjustment23. A river _____ through the narrow wooded valley below.A. extendsB. poursC. expandsD. twists24. A writer has to ____ imagination as well as his experiences for his writing.A. drawing back fromB. draw inC. draw upD. draw on25. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the _____ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievementC. establishmentD. accomplishment26. After a concert tour in Asia, Canada and the U.S., he will _____ work on a five-language opera.A. confineB. indulgeC. resumeD. undergo27. After briefly ____ the history of the author, Prof. Li turned to the novel itself immediately.A. dipping inB. dipping atC. dipping intoD. dipping to28.After negotiation, the two countries ____ the terms of peace.A. agreed with29. After performing a successful operation, the doctor at last pulled the patient ____.A. backB. inC. upD. Through30. After reading these books, he was _____ to the Darwinian theory of evolution.A. changedB. convertedC. transferredD. adjusted31. Airplane and television are among the ____ of science.A. masksB. martyrsC. marvelsD. marrow32. All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully ____ the risks and benefits.A. weighingB. valuingC. evaluatingD. distinguishing33. Although Asian countries are generally more ____ in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India.A. conservativeB. confidentialC. comprehensibleD. consistent34. Although he is very rich, his undutiful children are the ____ of his life.A. torchB. tormentC. topicD. topper35. Although he thought he was helping us to prepare the dinner, he was actually ____ the way.B. offC. byD. on36. Although most birds have only a negligible sense of smell, they have ____ vision.A. vigorousB. exactC. acuteD. vivid37. Although sports ____ the household, Joe drew the line when they interfered with family traditions and routine.A. overwhelmedB. affectedC. dominatedD. influenced38. Although the town had been ____ by the storm several times, little damage was done.A. attackedB. injuredC. harmedD. struck39. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ____ before the West was settled.A. couldB. wasC. wouldD. did40. Among the many subjects in school, mathematics is probably the most _____, depending least on a student's background and culture.A. universalB. abstractC. arbitraryD. concrete41. As a _____ actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.A. flexibleB. versatileC. sophisticatedD. productive42. As a salesman, he works on a (an) _____ basis, taking 10% of everything he sells.B. commissionC. salaryD. pension43. As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both _____ targets and moving targets.A. stationaryB. standingC. stableD. still44. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think _____.A. ought to be saidB. must sayC. have to be saidD. need to say45. As the plane was getting ready to take off, we all _____ our seat belt.A. tiedB. lockedC. fastenedD. closed46. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, but halfway in her speech, she suddenly _____ to another subject.A. committedB. switchedC. favoredD. transmitted47. At no time _____ other countries.A. China will invadeB. will invade ChinaC. will China invadeD. invade will China48. Be here on Friday _____ the latest.A. atB. byC. forD. in49. Because the whole country is in a financial dilemma, the government calls on us to _____ economy.C. carryD. develop50. Before he started the work, I asked the builder to give me an _____ of the cost of repairing the roof.A. assessmentB. estimateC. announcementD. evaluation51. Beryl hardly ever goes to _____ the cinema.A. neither the theatre orB. either the theatre norC. neither the theatre norD. the theatre or52. Beside being expensive, the food tastes _____.A. badlyB. too much badC. too badlyD. bad53. Britain's press is unusual _____ it is divided into two very different types of newspaper: the quality press and the popular press.A. in howB. in whatC. in whichD. in that54. By moving the radar beam around slowly in circles, we can _____ the surroundings.A. exploreB. exposeC. exploitD. expand55. Cancer is second only _____ heart disease as a cause of death.A. ofB. toC. withD. from56. Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is _____ loud continuous noise.C. associated withD. attached to57. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs______ directed.A. likeB. soC. whichD. as58. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this______ produces artificial cold surrounding it.A. absorptionB. transitionC. consumptionD. interaction59. Charles can't go to work today because he _____ a cold.A. hasB. feelsC. takesD. thinks60. Charles has not the least ______ of giving up his research.A. intentionB. decisionC. ideaD. hope61. Columbus' decision to sail west to reach the East _____ on his belief that the earth was round.A. existedB. satC. relaxedD. rested62. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _____ movie could not hold our attention.A. three-hoursB. three-hourC. three-hoursD. three-hour's63. Difficulties can _____ a person's best qualities.A. bring upB. bring outC. bring aboutD. bring to64. Doctors sometimes _____ old cures when modern medicine doesn't work.A. fall onB. fall down onC. fall back onD. fall in upon65. Does brain power _____ as we get older? Scientists now have some surprising answers.A. descendB. declineC. deduceD. collapse66. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _____ it comes to classroom tests.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. after67. Don't worry. The company will _____ all your expense.A. satisfyB. meetC. payD. submit68. Eventually, people spread throughout the continent, ______ the entire species.A. wiping outB. wiping awayC. wiping offD. wiping up69. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to ______ healthy.A. preserveB. stayC. maintain70. Faced with the ______ difficulties, they are determined to carry on their program.A. satisfactoryB. attributableC. innocentD. intangible71. Fewer and fewer of today's workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field, ______ the same company.A. all elseB. much worseC. let aloneD. less likely72. Flying in an airplane was once thought to be an impossible ______.A. taskB. professionC. promiseD. contest73. Fresh vegetables are straight from the ______ and raw vegetables are ______.A. earth...cookedB. soil...uncookedC. floor...cookedD. ground...uncooked74. From this material we can _____ hundreds of what you may call direct products.A. deriveB. discernC. diminishD. displace75. Fruit is cheapest _____ season.A. atB. onC. inD. through76. Fruit pickers are paid at the _____ of '4.00 an hour.A. rateB. scaleC. sum77. Fumes from the exhaust of an automobile are ______.A. notoriousB. anxiousC. noxiousD. delicious78. George wasn't in class today, Professor Brown excused him ______.A. from attendingB. of attendingC. to attendD. attending79. Class will _____ at a high temperature and will be in a liquid condition.A. dissolveB. disappearC. meltD. evaporate80. Hamlet _____ his father's death on his uncle.A. reversedB. revertedC. revengedD. revealed81. He _____ tennis every day since he ______ sixteen.A. has played... isB. played... has beenC. was playing...has beenD. has been playing...was82. He appeared _____ with our team's performance.A. satisfyingB. to be satisfyingC. to satisfyD. satisfied83. He believed that the greatest of his _____ was that he'd never had a college education.A. grievesB. misfortunesC. disasters84. He delivered _____ orders for a Chinese restaurant for the whole summer vacation so as to earn enough money for his tuition.A. takeoffB. takeoverC. takeupD. takeout85. He does not _____ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.A. equalB. matchC. qualifyD. fit86. He finished _____ in the 1,500-meter run.A. championB. championshipC. firstD. no. one87. He has been asked to account _____ his absence.A. forB. onC. ofD. about88. He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _____ on what he promises.A. faithB. beliefC. creditD. reliance89. He is _____ the run from the police.A. inB. offC. onD. after90. He is an artist with seemingly unlimited _____.A. creativityB. creature91. He knows the rules but does not know how to ______ it.A. controlB. directC. applyD. run92. He made a ____ inspection of the doors and the windows before leaving.A. slowlyB. leisurelyC. carefullyD. seriously93. He made such a _____ contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new building after him.A. genuineB. minimumC. modestD. generous94. He must have had an accident, or he _____ then.A. would have been hereB. had to be hereC. should be hereD. would be here95. He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than _____.A. he was in good healthB. his health was goodC. his good health wasD. was good for his health96. He pointed out that the living standard of urban and _____ people continued to improve.A. remoteB. municipalC. ruralD. provincial97. He said nothing at all, but his eyes spoke _____ him.A. forB. upC. out98. He took me _____ task for not doing it.A. intoB. uponC. toD. On99. He used examples to _____ his argument.A. strengthenB. increaseC. fixD. Underline 100. He was here _____ the stroke.A. inB. onC. withD. toTEM-4 Exercise 1(Grammar & Vocabulary) 答案：。
货代专业英语练习题
货代英语练习题1.the services that a freight forwarder renders are:a.routine and basic tasksb. a comprehensive package of servicesc.arranging transport of goodsd. a and b (d)2.the freight forwarder may provide services for processing the movement of goods------a.directlyb.trough subcontractors or other agencies employed by himc.utilizing the services of his overseas agentsd.a, b and c (d)3.on behalf of the consignee, the forwarders would1.receive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of goods;2.deliver the cleared goods to the consignee.3.arrange for customs clearance and pay relevant fees and charges;4.take delivery of the goods from the carrier and pay the freight costs;what’s the order of them?a. 1-4-3-2b.1-3-2-4c. 4-1-3-2d. 3-1-4-2 (a)4.incoterms 2000 include ---------- different international trade terms.a. 10b. 11c. 12d. 13 (d)5.the traditional 3 trade terms area. FOBb. . CPTc. CFRd. CIF (a.c.d)6.FCA, CPT, CIP are suitable for ---------a. any mode for transportb. sea transportc. air transportd. sea and air transport (a)7.under FOB terms, ------- has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods whengoods pass the ship’s rail. The buyer8.the FOB term require ---------to clear the goods for export. The seller9.the CFR term requires -------- to clear the goods for export. The seller10.under FOB term, -------- must pay the freight necessary to bring the goods to the named portof destination. (the buyer)11.CIF means that the seller delivers when the goods ------ at the port of shipment.a. pass the ship’s railb. get delivered on shipc. get delivered on deck (a)12. under CIF term,----- contracts for insurance and pays the insurance premium. The seller13.under FCA, the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by -------at the named place.The buyer 14.under FCA, if delivery occurs at the seller’s premises, ------is responsible for loading.The seller 15.under FCA, if delivery occurs at places other than the seller’s premises, ---------- isresponsible for unloading. The carrier 16.if the buyer nominates a person other than a carrier to receive the goods, the seller is deemednot to have fulfilled his obligation to deliver the goods when they are delivered to that person.(f)17.CFR can be used for sea and inland waterway transport, while CPT can be used for any modeof transport, but not including multi-model transport. ( f )18.FOB,CFR and CIF are followed by the port of shipment of port of port of destination. ( t )19.CPT, CIP and FCA are followed by the place of departure or place of destination. ( t )20.terms of shipment in the contract are compulsory. ( t )21.time of shipment refers to the final time for loading the goods on board the vessel at the portof shipment. ( f )22.the expression “on or about 20 June” means the period –a. from 15 June to 20 Juneb. from 10 to 30 Junec. from 15 June to 25 Juned. from 15 June to 25 June ( end days inclusive) (d)23.the words ---------applying to the period referring to shipment include the date mentioned.a. tob. untilc. tilld. from (a.b.c.d)24.the word “after” will be understood to include the date mentioned. ( f )25.expressions such as ----------- will not be accepted by the bank under L/C.A. prompt b. immediately c. as soon as possible (a.b.c)26.the L/C stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date which means these two dates are thesame. (t) 27.the latest date for shipment can be extended because of the extension of the expiry date andthe date for presentation of documents. (f)28.insurance is a contract between ---a. exporter and insurerb. importer and insurerc. insurer and the insurance companyd. insurance company and the insured (d)29.--------agrees to pay the premium in order to secure the financial assistance of ---------.a. the insured; insurerb. insurer ; the insuredc. the insured ; the insuredd. insurer; the insurance company. (a)30.for freight forwarders, it is not important to advise his clients to insure their cargo. (f)31.Particular Average is partial loss and damages of goods occurred because of natural calamities,for example, stranding, sinking of the vessels, etc. ( f )32.the usual types of cargo insurance coverage are –a. WAb. FPAc. ARd.AR including W and SRCC (a.b.c.d)33.the risks covered in FPA area.total losses resulting from marine perils and other specific accidentsb.total loss in loading, unloading or transshipment operationc.contribution to General Averaged.partial losses incurred as a result of specific casualties (a.b.c.d)34.FPA is not suitable for bulk cargo or unpacked cargo (f)35.FPA is completely suitable for general cargo. (f)36.WA and WPA are different types of coverage (f)37.losses below a specified amount or percentage are --------- under a franchise condition.a. recoverableb. non-recoverable (b)38 under a deductible franchise, in the case of all claims ---------- would bear the loss up to the franchise.a. the insuredb. insurer (a)38.AR is the most comprehensive type of cover. (f)39.War risks are applicable while the goods are in transit by sea or air and also on the land (f)40.loss or damage arising from strikes, riots or civil commotions on land are included. (t)41.marine transportation is the main mode of international transport. (t)42.the types of service provided on the international shipping market are---a conference lines b. non-conference lines c. NOVCC d. tramp services43.the feature of shipping service provided by shipping conference include---a. scheduled serviceb. common tariffc. fixed itinerary of ports of calls44.the main advantages of the conference system to shippers area.stability of freight ratesb. regularity of service.45.like tramp service, liner rates do not fluctuate according to supply and demand. (f)46.an NVOCC is a carrier who operates a regular scheduled service. (t)47.an NVOCC assumes responsibility for ocean carriers, both conference and non-conferencelines. (t)48.an NVOCC provide useful service by providing groupage or consolidation. (t)49.tramp service has no fixed schedule but has fixed itinerary. (f)50.the bill of lading is only signed by ---------. The carrier51.the functions of the bill of lading are :a. evidence of the contract of carriageb. receipt for goods delivered to the carrierc. document of title to the goods52.a sea waybill is the replacement of the traditional ocean bill of lading. (t)53.a sea waybill is non-negotiable document. (t)54.the consignee can only take delivery of goods against presentation of sea waybill. (f)55.a shipping note is issued by -------- to the carrier. The shipper56.a delivery order is issued by -------- or his agent. The carrier57.a mate’s receipt is issued by ------- in the acknowledgement of the goods received on board.The carrier58.chartering shipping and tramp shipping refer to the same term. (t)59.fixed running expenses include:a. employment and wages of crewb. purchase of stores and provisionsc. vessel insuranced. boiler water60.variable running expenses include:a. port chargesb. light duesc. special voyage insuranced. bunker fuel supply61.under voyage chartering, the risk of sudden and alarming rises in the price of bunker fuel fallon the ship-owner. (t) 62.under voyage chartering, the cost and responsibility for loading and discharges are fixed forthe account of the ship-owner. (f)63.the ship-owner receives hire money but not freight under time chartering. (t)64.under time chartering, the ship’s master acts under instructions received from the charterer. (t)65.under time chartering, consular shipping and discharging fees of the crew and charges for portservices pertaining to the crew are –for the account of ---------. Ship-owner66.under time chartering, the charterer shall pay for---a. consular chargesb. commissions and agenciesc. pilotages and towagesd. port charges (a.b.c.d.)67.under time chartering, fumigations ordered because of illnesses of the crew shall be for theaccount of ---------. Ship-owner 68.fumigations ordered because of cargoes carried or ports visited while vessel is employed shallbe for the account of --------. charterer 69.under time chartering, the ship-owner do not allow the charterer to use any dunnage andshifting boards already aboard vessel. (f) 70.under time chartering, the charterer has no involvement in the selection and appointment ofstevedores. (f)71.the possession of a bill of lading is equivalent in law to possession of the goods. (t)72.the terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract. (t)73.straight bill of lading are negotiable and can be transferred to third party. (f)74.most bills of lading forms are printed as Received for shipment Bills of Lading. (f)75.under through B/L, the shipping company, for additional freight, undertake to make allarrangements to get the goods to their destination. (t)76.claused bill of lading is the opposite of clean bill of lading. (t)77.the ship’s port agent may be given the task of drawing up bills of lading. （t）78.the main parties on a bill of lading are :a. shipperb. consignee 千万注意不是发货人c. notify partyd. carrier79. the bill of lading can be signed bya. carrierb. duly authorized agent of carrierc. masterd. duly authorized representative of master (a,b,c,d)79.one of the original B/L must be endorsed by the title holder to the goods in exchange forgoods or the delivery order. (t) 80.a full set of B/L contains at least two original bills of lading. / in practice, a set of threeoriginals is the most common. (t)81.ocean freight rates may be broadly divided into ----a. tramp ratesb. liner freight rates (a, b)82. tramp rates don’t fluctuate with market conditions of supply and demand. (f)83.freight forwarders are mainly concerned with --------a. liner freight ratesb. tramp rates (a)84.the factors for determining the freight rates include:a. stowage factorb. distancec. the principle of “what traffic can bear”d. open market rates (a,b,c,d)85.the principle of “what the traffic can bear” means that commodities which are highly ratedsubsidize those which are rated lower. (t) 86.in the past, the principle of “what the traffic can bear” was mostly adopted; but at present,“service costs “principle is increasingly adopted. (t) 87.when commodities move in large quantities and are susceptible to charter competition, therates may be left ---a. openb. fixed (a)88. the liners do not need to take into account the surcharges and adjustment factors. (f )89. the vessel can start unloading goods only after the customs authorities grant the necessarypermit, called “entry inwards”. (t) 90. the import manifest has to be accompanied by other documents as may be required such as:a. certificate of load lineb. certificate of registryc. port clearance from the last port of calld. crew list (a,b,c,d) 此题还有其他备选答案：safety radio telegraphy and safety equipment; stores list;declaration regarding property of officers and crew)91. export goods can be loaded on to the vessel only if the necessary permit, ”entry inward”, isgiven by the customs authorities. (f) 92. a vessel can leave the port only when written permission, known as ---------, is granted by thecustoms authorities. (port clearance)93. Bill of Entry usually contain particulars particulars such as:a. valueb. quantityc. description of goodsd. name of shipe. port of shipment94. the particulars on the Bill of Entry don’t have to tally with those contained in the importmanifest. (f)95. the examination made by the customs authorities may bea. physical examinationb. documentary examinationc. chemical test (a,b)95. the physical examination made by the customs authorities include:a. visual inspectionb. countingc. weighingd. measuringe. chemical test96. the CMR convention is the convention on contract for international carriage of goods by--------. (road)97. the CMR convention has been ratified by countries in Europe and outside Europe. (f)98. it is no need for the forwarders outside Europe to be aware of the CMR convention. (f)99. under CMR convention, the carrier is responsible for:a.the acts and omissions of his agents and servants or other person whose services hemakes useb.loss of or damage to the goods occurring between the time he takes over the goods andthe time of deliveryc.any delay in delivery (a,b,c) 100. under CMR convention, the carrier is relieved of liability if the loss, damage or delay is due to:a.any wrongful act or neglect of the consignorb.inherent vice of the goodsc.circumstances which he could not avoidd.consequence of the above circumstances he was unable to prevent (a,b,c,d) 101. under CMR convention, the carrier shall not be relieved of liability by reason of :a.the defective condition of the vehicle used by him in order to perform the carriageb.wrongful act or neglect of the person from whom he may have hired the vehiclec.wrongful act or neglect of the agents or servants of the vehicle owner (a,b,c) 102. consolidation and groupage means differently. (f) 103. in consolidation, the individual consignor and consignee can deal directly with the actual carrier. (f) 104. to the individual consignors, the consolidator is the ----------, while in his relationship with the actual carrier, he is the --------.a.carrier, consignor105. the consolidator buys shipping space -------- from the actual carrier and sells it ---------- to the individual consignors.a.wholesale, retail106. consolidation can benefit:a. exporter and shipperb. carrierc. forwarderd. national economy (a,b,c,d) 107. in groupage, the exporters and shippers get a rate higher than they would have normally paid to the carrier. (f) 108. the advantages of intermodal trasport are:a.minimizing time loss at tran-shipment pointsb.reducing the burden of documentation and formalitiesc.establishing only one agency to deal withd.reducing cost of exports (a,b,c,d)其他备选答案有：providing faster transit of goods; saving costs109. the types of intermodal transport include:a. sea/ airb. air/ roadc. mini-bridge and land bridged. piggybacke. sea train 110.sea/air combines in itself the economy of -------- and the speed of ---------.a.sea transport, air transport111. the combination mode of sea/air favors low value items. (f) 112.both mini-bridge and land bridge involves the movement of containers. (t) 113. in land bridge, the railways are paid a flat rate by the ocean carrier who issues the through bill of lading. (t) 114. --------- is a system of unitized intermodal land transportation of transport by road and rail.(piggyback) 115. piggyback combines in itself the speed and reliability of road transport for collection and delivery with door-to-door flexibility of rail on long trunk hauls. (f) 116. ---------- involves the use of rail and ocean transport, similar to the roll-on, roll-off system except that a rail car is used. (sea train) 117. documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods. (t) 118. in documentary credit, the documents transfer title to the goods. (t) 119. by using a documentary credit, -------- can benefit.a. buyerb. sellerc. bank (a,b,c) 120. on settlement of the bill, the whole operation of documentary credit will be regarded as completed. (t) 121. the use of SLI ensures that the shipper’s instructions are complete.122. ---------- is the working document for air cargo acceptance and determines whether shipment can take place as requested. (SLI) 123. when giving the airport of departure, the name of the airport or the city name where the shipper is located are both workable. (t) 124. when giving the airport of destination, the name of the country should be shown. (t) 125. to ensure that the routing/booking requested by the shipper can be adhered to, TACT rules can be checked in. (t) 126. the description of the goods should be correct, since it will determine the rate to be applied to the consignment. (t) 127. the information about gross weight is used toa.calculate the transportation charges of the shipmentb.establish whether the shipment can be handled by available airport facilities.128. when giving measurement, the dimensions must be measured along the smallest length, width and height. (f) 1291. the air waybill is:a. a contract for transportation between a carrier and a shipperb. a receipt and delivery of the shipmented for freight bill calculation, customs declaration.d.Non-negotiable (a,b,c,d) 130. the AWB number comprise ------- parts. ( 3 ) 131. in AWB number, the three-digit prefix identifies -------------. (the carrier) 132. in AWB number, the main portion identifies ----------. (the consignment) 133. the copy of the AWB marked “original 3” is the copy that would normally be presented undera documentary credit. (t) 134. the AWB must be signed and dated by the actual carrier or by the named agent of a named carrier. (f) 135. --------------- is a listing of all AWBs put inside the envelop. (a cargo manifest) 136. the air waybill and cargo manifest are documents going with aircraft. (t) 137. Reception Check List is --------a.document staying on ground used by air terminals.b.the proof of receipt of goodsed to generate the air waybill of the shipment (a,b,c) 138. a premanifest is a document similar to a manifest but sent to an air terminal for cargo build up. (t) 139. General Cargo Rates are applicable to any type of commodity, but are pitched at an extremely high level. (t) 140. the justification for the minimum charge principle is that the costs of documentation and customs clearance are fixed irrespective of consignment size, and small consignments are expensive to handle. (t) 141. under class rating, certain commodities are offered a discount, and many more commodities are surcharged. (t) 142. special commodity rates are set by specific reference to general cargo rates. (f) 143. special commodity rates are always much lower than general cargo rates. (t) 144. Bulk Unitization Rates are available fro all types of freight. (t) 145. Bulk Unitization Rates are only given for freight which is prepackaged into an aircraft ULD that can be loaded directly into the aircraft. (t) 146. Contract FAK Rates are offered to those prepared to sign a contract to give the airline a minimum annual tonnage. (t) 147. FIATA--------a.was founded in Vienna Austria on 31 may 1926b.is the largest non-governmental organization in the field of transportation.c.Is known as the “architects of transport”d.Employing around 8-10 million people in 150 countries. (a,b,c,d) 148. 5 objectives of FIATA:? (理解)149. FIATA has 3 institutes, they are:a. AFIb. CAIc. MTI150. FIATA has 5 advisory bodies:a. ABDGb. ABITc. AGLMd. ABPRe. ABVT151. FIATA has created 8 documents, they are:a. FCPb. FCTc. FWRd. FBLe. FWBf. SDTg. SICh. FFI各单元应掌握的词汇。
专业英语八级改错练习题及答案解析(25)
专业英语八级改错练习题及答案解析(25)When a human infant is born into any community in any part of theworld it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to fend for them. It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now suggest that language be “species specific” to the human race, that is to s ay, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in such a way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn and use language as a part of their normal development as well-formed human beings.1 ________2 ________3 ________4 ________5 ________6 ________7 ________8 ________9 ________10 _______参考答案及解析：1. 在any infant 中间加other。
化工专业英语(期末练习题)
PRACTICE一,英译汉Hydrolyze —水解 Alkane —烷烃 Evaporation —蒸发 Aluminum —Al Oxidation —氧化反应 Methylamine —甲胺 Halogen —卤素 carbon dioxide 混合物 binary compounds 二元化合物 Cyclohexane —环己烷 monophase 单相的 polyethylene 聚乙烯 stainless steel 不锈钢 aminobenzene 苯胺 1. The Ideal-Gas Equation of State 理想气体状态方程 2. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律 3. Reaction Rates 反应速率 4. Activation Energy 活化能 5. Separatory Funnel 分液漏斗 6. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化7. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对 8. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应9. The Solubility-Product Constant 溶度积常数 二，命名 1. 甲烷 methane2. 2-甲基-3-乙基辛烷 3-ethyl- 2-methyloctane3. 2-乙基-1,3-丁二烯 2- ethyl -1, 3-butadiene4. 环己烷 Cyclohexane5. 对二甲苯 paraxylene6. 乙酸甲酯 Methyl acetate7. 醋酸 Acetic acid8. 丙酮Acetone C H 3C H C H 2C H 2 C H 2C H C H 3C H 2C H 3C H3三，翻译命名2-methylbutane 2-甲基丁烷3-ethyl-2-methylheptane 3-乙基-2-甲基庚烷 4-ethyl-2-methylhexane 2-甲基-4-乙基己烷4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylhexane2,2-二甲基-4-乙基己烷5,5-bis(l,2-dimethylpropyl)nonane 5,5-二（1,2-二甲基丙基）壬烷2-hexyl-l,3-butadiene 2-己基-1,3-丁二烯 Benzyl 苄基（苯甲基） Phenyl 苯基 ethyl chloride 氯化乙基 2-fluoropropanemethanol 甲醇 ethanol 乙醇 1,2-ethanedioltrimethylamine 三甲胺 phenylmethanal ethanoyl chloride 四，翻译短句1. Acetylene (乙炔) is hydrocarbon especially high in heat value.乙炔烃特别是高热值2. It is common knowledge that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.大家都知道，水中的物体比在空中更轻。
专业英语八级改错练习题及答案解析(6)
专业英语八级改错练习题及答案解析(6)We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardlyany moment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, language is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly depend on fast and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language and how it is possible for us to perceive through language; nor we understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and when language started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of language is that we, like language users, take too many things for granted. Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel the necessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most people have probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater than some people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which takes language as its object of investigation. 1 ________2 ________3 ________4 ________5 ________6 ________7 ________8 ________9 ________10 _______参考答案及解析：1. with 改为without。
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1. The accounting concept that requires financial statement information to be supported by independent, unbiased evidence other than someone's belief or opinion is: A. Business entity assumption. B. Monetary unit assumption. C. Going-concern assumption. D. Time-period assumption. E. Objectivity
2. The rule that requires financial statements to reflect the assumption that the business will continue operating instead of being closed or sold, unless evidence shows that it will not continue, is the: A. Going-concern assumption. B. Business entity assumption. C. Objectivity principle. D. Cost Principle. E. Monetary unit assumption.
3. If a parcel of land that was originally acquired for $85,000 is offered for sale at $150,000, is assessed for tax purposes at $95,000, is recognized by its purchasers as easily being worth $140,000, and is sold for $137,000, the land should be recorded in the purchaser's books at: A. $95,000. B. $137,000. C. $138,500. D. $140,000. E. $150,000.
4. To include the personal assets and transactions of a business's owner in the records and reports of the business would be in conflict with the: A. Objectivity principle. B. Monetary unit assumption. C. Business entity assumption. D. Going-concern assumption. E. Revenue recognition principle.
5. If a parcel of land that was originally purchased for $85,000 is offered for sale at $150,000, is assessed for tax purposes at $95,000, is recognized by its purchasers as easily being worth $140,000, and is sold for $137,000, the land account transaction amount to handle the sale of the land in the seller's books is: A. $85,000 increase. B. $85,000 decrease. C. $137,000 increase. D. $137,000 decrease. E. $140,000 decrease.
6. If a parcel of land that was originally purchased for $85,000 is offered for sale at $150,000, is assessed for tax purposes at $95,000, is recognized by its purchasers as easily being worth $140,000, and is sold for $137,000. What is the effect of the sale on the accounting equation for the seller? A. Assets increase $52,000; owner's equity increases $52,000. B. Assets increase $85,000; owner's equity increases $85,000. C. Assets increase $137,000; owner's equity increases $137,000. D. Assets increase $140,000; owner's equity increases $140,000. E. Assets decrease $85,000; owner's equity decreases $85,000
7. The record in which transactions are first recorded is the: A. Account balance. B. Ledger. C. Journal. D. Trial balance. E. Cash account.
8. A record in which the effects of transactions are first recorded and from which transaction amounts are posted to the ledger is a(n): A. Account. B. Trial balance. C. Journal. D. T-account. E. Balance column account.
9. An accountant has debited an account for $3,500 and credited a liability account for $2,000. Which of the following would be an incorrect way to complete the recording of this transaction: A. Credit another asset account for $1,500. B. Credit another liability account for $1,500. C. Credit an expense account for $1,500. D. Credit the owner's capital account for $1,500. E. Debit another asset account for $1,500.
10. A $15 credit to Sales was posted as a $150 credit. By what amount is Sales in error? A. $150 understated. B. $135 overstated. C. $150 overstated. D. $15 understated. E. $135 understated. 11. All of the following are liability accounts except: A. Accounts Payable. B. Unearned Ticket Revenue. C. Taxes Payable. D. Commissions Earned. E. Notes Payable.
12. A $130 credit to Office Equipment was credited to Fees Earned by mistake. By what amounts are the accounts under- or overstated as a result of this error? A. Office Equipment, understated $130; Fees Earned, overstated $130. B. Office Equipment, understated $260; Fees Earned, overstated $130. C. Office Equipment, overstated $130; Fees Earned, overstated $130. D. Office Equipment, overstated $130; Fees Earned, understated $130. E. Office Equipment, overstated $260; Fees Earned, understated $130.
13. Hal Smith opened Smith’s Repairs on March 1 of the current year. During March, the following transactions occurred and were recorded in the company's books: 1. Smith invested $25,000 cash in the business. 2. Smith contributed $100,000 of equipment to the business. 3. The company paid $2,000 cash to rent office space for the month. 4. The company received $16,000 cash for repair services provided during March. 5. The company paid $6,200 for salaries for the month. 6. The company provided $3,000 of services to customers on account. 7. The company paid cash of $500 for monthly utilities. 8. The company received $3,100 cash in advance of providing repair services to a customer. 9. Smith withdrew $5,000 for his personal use from the company. Based on this information, the balance in Hal Smith, Capital reported on the Statement of Owner’s Equity at the end of March would be: A. $133,400. B. $130,300 C. $125,300 D. $8,400 E. $13,500.