Sludge Incineration Technology
水处理常用名词中英文对照
给水工程中系统和水量方面的术语1、直流水系统once through system水经过一次使用后即行排放或处理后排放的给水系统。
2、复用水系统water reuse system水经重复利用后再行排放或处理后排放的给水系统。
3、循环水系统 recirculation system 水经使用后不予排放而循环利用或处理后循环利用的给水系统。
4、生活用水domestic water人类日常生活所需用的水。
5、生产用水process water生产过程所需用的水。
6、消防用水fire demand扑灭火灾所需用的水。
7、浇洒道路用水street flushing demand ,road watering对城镇道路进行保养、清洗、降温和消尘等所需用水。
8、绿化用水green belt sprinkling ,green plot sprinkling对市政绿地等所需用的水。
给水工程取水构筑物的术语1、管井deep well ,drilled well井管从地面打到含水层，抽取地下水的井。
2、管井滤水管deep well screen设置在管井动水位以下，用以从含水层中集水的有缝隙或孔隙的管段。
3、管井沉淀管grit compartment位于管井最下部，用以容纳进入井内的沙粒和从水中析出的沉淀物的管段。
4、大口井dug well ,open well由人工开挖或沉井法施工，设置井筒，以截取浅层地下水的构筑物。
5、井群batter of wells数个井组成的群体。
6、渗渠infiltration gallery壁上开孔，以集取浅层地下水的水平管渠。
7、地下水取水构筑物反滤层inverted layer在大口井或渗渠进水处铺设的粒径沿水流方向由细到粗的级配砾层(简称反滤层)8、泉室spring chamber集取泉水的构筑物。
9、进水间intake chamber连接取水管与吸水井、内设格栅或格网的构筑物。
给排水英文术语-排水工程-GB50014-2006
排水工程——wastewater engineering; sewage排水系统——waste water engineering system排水体制——sewerage system排水设施——sewerage facilities合流制——combined system合流制管道溢流——combined sewer overflow分流制——separate system城镇污水——urban wastewater, sewage城镇污水系统——urban wastewater system面源污染——diffuse pollution低影响开发——low impact development城镇污水污泥——urban wastewater sludge旱流污水——dry weather sludge生活污水——domestic wastewater/sewage综合生活污水——comprehensive sewage工业废水——industrial wastewater入渗地下水——infiltrated ground water总变化系数——peaking factor径流系数——runoff coefficient径流量——runoff暴雨强度——rainfall intensity重现期——recurrence interval雨水管渠设计重现期——recurrence interval for storm sewer design 降雨历时——duration of rainfall汇水面积——catchment area内涝——local flooding内涝防治系统——local flooding prevention and control system内涝防治设计重现期——recurrence interval for local flooding design 地面集水时间——time of concentration截流倍数——interception ratio排水泵站——drainage pumping station污水泵站——sewage pumping station雨水泵站——storm water pumping station合流污水泵站——combined sewage pumping station一级处理——primary treatment二级处理——secondary treatment活性污泥法——activated sludge process, suspended growth process 生物反应池——biological reaction tank活性污泥——activated sludge回流污泥——returned sludge格栅——bar screen格栅除污机——bar screen machine固定式格栅除污机——fixed raking machine移动式格栅除污机——mobile raking machine沉砂池——grit chamber平流沉砂池——horizontal flow grit chamber曝气沉砂池——aerated grit chamber旋流沉砂池——vortex-type grit chamber沉淀——sedimentation, settling初次沉淀池——primary settling tank二次沉淀池——secondary settling tank平流沉淀池——horizontal settling tank竖流沉淀池——vertical flow settling tank辐流沉淀池——radial flow settling tank斜管（板）沉淀池——incline tube (plate) sedimentation tank好氧——aerobic, oxic厌氧——anaerobic缺氧——anoxic生物硝化——bio-nitrification生物反硝化——bio-denitrification混合液回流——mixed liquor recycle生物除磷——biological phosphorus removal缺氧/好氧脱氮工艺——anoxic/oxic process厌氧/好氧除磷工艺——anaerobic/oxic process厌氧/缺氧/好氧脱氮除磷工艺——anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process 序批式活性污泥法——sequencing batch reactor充水比——fill ratio总凯式氮——total Kjeldahl nitrogen(有机氮和氨氮之和)总氮——total nitrogen总磷——total phosphorus好氧泥龄——oxic sludge age泥龄——sludge age, sludge retention time氧化沟——oxidation ditch好氧区——oxic zone缺氧区——anoxic zone厌氧区——anaerobic zone生物膜法——attached-growth process, biofilm process生物接触氧化——bio-contact oxidation曝气生物滤池——biological aerated filter生物转盘——rotating biological contactor塔式生物滤池——biotower低负荷生物滤池——low-rate trickling filters高负荷生物滤池——high-rate biological filters五日生化需氧量容积负荷——BOD-volumetric loading表面负荷——hydraulic loading rate固定布水器——fixed distributor旋转布水器——rotating distributor石料滤料——rock filtering media塑料滤料——plastic media污水自然处理——natural treatment of wastewater土地处理——land treatment稳定塘——stabilization pond, stabilization lagoon灌溉田——sewage farming人工湿地——artificial wetland, constructed wetland污水再生利用——wastewater reuse深度处理——advanced treatment再生水——reclaimed water, reuse water膜过滤——membrane filtration颗粒活性炭吸附池——granular activated carbon absorption tank 紫外线——ultraviolet紫外线剂量——ultraviolet dose污泥处理——sludge treatment污泥处置——sludge disposal污泥浓缩——sludge thickening污泥脱水——sludge dewatering污泥干化——sludge drying污泥消化——sludge digestion厌氧消化——anaerobic digestion好氧消化——aerobic digestion中温消化——mesophilic digestion高温消化——thermophilic digestion原污泥——raw sludge初沉污泥——primary sludge二沉污泥——secondary sludge剩余污泥——excess activated sludge消化污泥——digested sludge消化池——digester消化时间——digest time挥发性固体——volatile solids挥发性固体去除率——removal percentage of volatile solids挥发性固体容积负荷——cubage load of volatile solids污泥气——sludge gas, marsh gas污泥气燃烧器——sludge gas burner回火防止器——backfire preventer污泥热干化——sludge heat drying污泥焚烧——sludge incineration污泥综合利用——sludge integrated application污泥土地利用——sludge land application污泥农用——sludge farm application。
油料记录簿记录标准格式-英文
3
5.6 Delivery of Bilge Water from Bilge Water holding tank to shore facilities
DATE
CODE LETTER
20/06/2000
D
ITEM NUMBER
13
14 15.2
RECORDS OF OPERATION SIGNATURE OF OFFICER IN CHARGE 4 m3 FROM BILGE WATER HOLDING TANK STARTED 08:00/FINISHED 09:00 TO PIRAFUS PORT RECEPTION FACILITIES RECEIPT NO.-----(SIGNAT URE OF RESPONSIBLE OFFICER)
POSITION AT END:
QUANTIT Y RETAINED INBILGEΒιβλιοθήκη WAT ER HOLDING TANK
0.4 m3
Note:
If during the separator operation the sludge collecting valve has been activated and
5.7 Sludge Collection
DATE
CODE LETTER
20/06/2000
C
ITEM NUMBER
11.1
RECORDS OF OPERATION SIGNATURE OF OFFICER IN CHARGE 400 LTS TO DL SLUDGE TANK OF CAPACIT Y 0.8m3. TOTAL QUANTITY IN TANK 600LTS . (SIGNAT URE OF RESPONSIBLE OFFICER)
正确记载机器处所《油类记录簿
正确记载机器处所《油类记录簿》船上记载《油类记录簿》不规范，甚至让港口国检查官看不懂，原因可能有以下几点：（1）不熟悉记载细目综合一览表《油类记录簿》前页，有记载细目综合一览表，是国际标准（2007年1月1日生效的最新修订版，E自动船外排放只保留16、17、18，删除原19船外排放方法，其后原20～27各递进一号。
故原H装燃油和润滑油之27.1、27.2、27.3和27.4，分别修正为26.1、26.2、26.3和2 6.4，仅是代号改变），包括8项作业，以字母A～H表示；26类细目，以数码1～26表示。
轮机员理应熟悉并按该标准填写。
但某些人记载前不熟读并理解记载细目综合一览表，记载时贸然下手，以至错误多，内容不能简明扼要，写了一大堆，别人看起来费劲或看不懂，甚至混淆符号字母与细目数码，更有甚者，随意更改，墨迹斑斑。
（2）培训不足船上，公司安排有关《油类记录簿》记录的培训不充分，在船船员得不到应有的提高。
学校里有关防油污课程，重点放在国际公约和设备，《油类记录簿》教材不规范，老师往往泛泛而论一带而过，学生往往还是一片空白，到船上面临实际情况就无所适从。
（3）英文程度不佳名词、动词、形容词不分，现在时、过去时、进行时混淆，内容表述不清、外国人难了解问题所在，等（4）船员故意伪记，大部分是迫于公司压力这些现象，既需要业界和学界重新评估培育现代轮机员能力，也需要现有轮机员加强学习。
现以机器处所《油类记录簿》上轮机员最常填写的10个项目为例，与轮机员共同探讨。
1《油类记录簿》记载要求1) 记载《油类记录簿》，有明确要求和固定格式：2) 每页必须填上船名、船舶编号或呼号3) 使用船旗国官方文字记载。
持有《国际防止油污证书》（IOPP）的船舶，还要用英文或法文记载。
4) 逐行逐页填写，不可留空白间隔，不可毁页。
5) 若填写错误，应在错误记录上划一横线表示删除并在旁边签上负责人姓名、日期，再重新起行填写。
6) 代号（字母）和细目（数码）明确无误，作业记录简明扼要。
中英文对照环保术语解析（排水）
中英文对照环保术语解析（排水）室外排水术语排水工程中排水制度和管渠附属构筑物的术语及其涵义发布人：水世界－中国城镇水网发布时间：2006-10-31１.合流水量 ComBinedfloW在一个地区内收集和输送废水的方式。
它有合流制和分流制两种基本方式。
2.合流制 ComBinedsysTem用同一种管渠收集和输送废水的排水方式。
3.分流制 separaTesysTem用不同管渠分别收集和输送各种污水、雨水和生产废水的排水方式。
4.检查井 manhole排水管渠上连接其他管渠以及供养护工人检查、清通和出入管渠的构筑物。
5.跌水井 dropmanhole上下游管底跌差较大的检查井。
6.事故排出口 emerGenCyouTleT在排水系统发生故障时，把废水临时排放到天然水体或其它地点去的设施。
7.暴雨溢流井（截留井） sTor mov erf loW Wel l，inT erC epT inG W ell合流制排水系统中，用来截留、控制合流水量的构筑物。
8.潮门 TideGaTe在排水管出水口处设置的单向启闭的阀，以防止潮水倒灌。
排水工程中水和水处理的术语及其涵义发布人：水世界－中国城镇水网发布时间：2006-10-311.原污泥 raWsludGe居民在日常生活中排出的废水。
2.工业废水 indusTrialWasTeWaTer生产过程中排出的水。
它包括生产废水和生产污水。
3.生产污水 polluTedindusTrialWasTevaTer被污染的工业废水。
还包括水温过高，排放后造成热污染的工业废水。
4.生产废水 non polluTedindusTrialWasTeWaTer未受污染或受轻微污染以及水温稍有升高的工业废水。
5.城市污水 muniCipalseWaGe，muniCipalWasTeWaTer排入城镇污水系统的污水的统称。
在合流制排水系统中，还包括生产废水和截留的雨水。
6.旱流污水 dryWeaTherfloW合流制排水系统在晴天时输送的污水。
【国家自然科学基金】_污泥资源化_基金支持热词逐年推荐_【万方软件创新助手】_20140803
推荐指数 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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推荐指数 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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பைடு நூலகம்
科研热词 高效液相色谱 降解菌 酸浸 资源化 调制压滤 脱墨污泥 聚糖菌(gaos) 聚磷菌(paos) 聚丙烯酰胺 线路板废弃污泥 红外光谱 糖原 离心萃取 电镀污泥 环境保护 热解气化焚烧 热解 活性污泥数学模型 活性污泥 油泥 污泥层高度 污泥 污水处理厂 水热合成 氨浸 毒性浸出 曝停比 旋流热洗 新型外循环厌氧反应器 数值模拟 改造 掺杂的四氧化三铁 微生物群落结构 强化生物除磷系统(ebpr) 弥散模型 干化 工艺优化诊断 城市污水处理厂 回收 单级自养脱氮 动力学 分离效率 分离 代谢模型 tg-dtg pcr-dgge do
含油污泥流化悬浮焚烧技术及污染物排放_万志鹏
1
胜利油田含油污泥物性
由于来源不同， 含油污泥的组分、 性质也不尽相 同。沉降罐的油泥黏稠， 含油较多， 乳化严重， 颗粒 细密， 杂质少， 呈明显的、 分布均匀的油泥状态； 油罐 底泥含油多， 杂质以砂石和泥为主； 落地油泥中含有 泥砂组分比例变 大颗粒砂石， 含油分布不均， 原油、
， 同时也意味着石油资源的浪
第 21 卷第 1 期
2015 年 1月
洁净煤技术
Clean Coal Technology
Vol. 21 Jan．
No. 1 2015
含油污泥流化悬浮焚烧技术及污染物排放
万志鹏， 马玉峰
（ 中国石化集团胜利发电厂， 山东 东营 257087）
要： 为了实现含油污泥的低成本、 规模化、 资源化、 无害化处理， 胜利油田采用流化 － 悬浮焚烧锅 － 炉处理含油污泥， 使焚烧污染物排放达标 。介绍了流化 悬浮焚烧锅炉处理的工艺流程， 分析了焚烧 技术， 焚烧污染物 SO 2 、 NO x 排放量， 二噁英污染物排放量， 烟气中粉尘排放量， 焚烧余热利用的技术特 点。对含油污泥焚烧后的灰渣易燃性和灰渣毒性进行了分析， 并对焚烧灰渣再利用进行了论述 。 含 油污泥流化焚烧处理系统实现了环保与资源综合利用的双重效果， 项目建成后减少了含油污泥对胜 利油田的环保治理压力， 累计处理含油污泥 26 万 t， 产生了良好的环保效益与社会效益 。 关键词： 含油污泥； 焚烧； 流化床锅炉； 水煤浆； 资源化利用； 灰渣利用 中图分类号： TE992. 3 文献标志码： A 文章编号： 1006 － 6772（ 2015） 01 － 0121 － 04
含油污泥流化焚烧处理技术
焚烧技术特点 含油污泥的处理以减量化、 资源化、 无害化为原
工程专业术语中英文对照
CDB工程专业术语中英文对照(二）添加时间：2013-4—24节流截止放空阀2011-08-10 16:50：46｜分类：English ｜标签：｜字号大中小订阅六、仪表及自动控制通用描述 COMMON DESCRIPTION设备名称Equipment Name 缩写ABB.分散控制系统Distributed Control System DCS安全仪表系统Safety Instrumentation System SIS紧急切断系统Emergency Shutdown system ESD火气系统Fire and Gas system F&G监视控制和数据采集系统Supervisory Control and DataAcquisitionSCADA可编程逻辑控制器Programmed Logic Controller PLC 远程终端单元Remote Terminal Unit RTU 站控系统Station Control System SCS 中央控制室Central Control Room CCR 操作间Operation room机柜间Equipment room/ Cabinet room大屏显示系统Large Screen Display system LSD 流量类仪表 FLOW INSTRUMENT设备名称Equipment Name孔板Orifice Plate文丘里流量计Venturi Flowmeter均速管流量计Averaging Pitot Tube阀式孔板节流装置Orifice Plate in quick change fitting涡轮流量计Turbine Flowmeter涡街流量计Vortex Flowmeter容积式流量计Positive Displacement Flowmeter 靶式流量计Target Flowmeter超声波流量计Ultrasonic FlowmeterV型流量计V-cone Flowmeter电磁流量计Electromagnetic Flowmeter楔型流量计Wedge Flowmeter转子流量计Rotameter整流器Straightening Vane温度类仪表 TEMPERATURE INSTRUMENT设备名称Equipment Name双金属温度计Bi—metallic temperature gauge 热电偶Thermocouple表面热电偶Surface Thermocouple热电阻Resistance Temperature Detector 温度变送器Temperature transmitter光学高温计Optical pyrometer温度计套管Thermowell压力类仪表 PRESSURE INSTRUMENT设备名称Equipment Name压力表Manometer /Pressure gauge弹簧管压力表Burdon-tube manometer隔膜压力表Diaphragm—seal manometer /Diaphragm—seal pressure gauge差压表Differential pressure gauge 压力变送器Pressure transmitter差压变送器Differential pressure transmitter液位类仪表 LEVEL INSTRUMENT设备名称Equipment Name玻板液位计Glass type level gauge磁浮子液位计Magnetic coupled indicator雷达液位变送器Radar level transmitter浮筒液位变送器Displacer level transmitter磁致伸缩液位变送器Magnetostrictive level transmitter液位开关Level switch阀门类 VALVE设备名称Equipment Name球阀Ball valve单座阀Globe valve套筒阀Sleeve valve蝶阀Butterfly valve偏心旋转阀Eccentric rotary valve截止阀Globe valve角阀Angle valve电磁阀Solenoid valve七、供配电设备名称Equipment Name变电所Substation高低压配电装置HV＆LV Switchgear柴油发电机Diesel Generator油浸式变压器Oil-immersed Power Transformer 干式变压器Dry-type Power Transformer有载调压开关On—load Tap Switch直流屏DC UPS微机综合自动化系统Integrated Substation Automation System应急电源Emergency Power Supply配电箱Lighting and Small Power Distribution Panel电缆桥架Cable Tray电缆沟Cable Trough架空电力线路Over—head Lines爆炸危险区域划分Hazardous Area Classification单线图Single Line Diagram电容补偿Capacitor Unit现场操作柱Local Control Station供配电系统Power Supply & Distribution System UPS:AC UPS八、给排水给水 Water Supply设备名称Equipment Name取水深井泵房Intake Structure高位水池Elevated Tank阀门井Valve Well生产、消防水泵房Water Supply Pump Room加药设备用房Dosage Room加药间Dosage Room预沉池Pre—sedimentation Tank穿孔旋流反应斜管沉淀池Reaction Sedimentation Tank 重力式无阀滤池Valveless Filter清水池Clear Water Pit循环水厂 Circulating Water Station循环水泵房Recirculating Pump House药剂间Chemical Room循环冷水池Cooling Water Tank循环热水提升池Lifting Tank冷却塔Cooling Tower污水 Sewage水泵棚Water Pump Shed污泥棚Sludge Shed风机棚Fan Shed化粪池Septic Tank污水处理综合用房Sewage Treatment House格栅池Bar Screen Tank曝气调节池Aeration Tank水解酸化池Acid hydrolysis Tank缺氧池Anoxia Tank好氧池Aerobic Tank生化池Biochemical Structure沉淀池Sedimentation Tank保险池Insurance Tank污泥浓缩池Concentration Tank检修污水池Overhaul Water Tank气浮池Floatation Tank隔油池Oil Separator事故水池Emergency Tank污泥焚烧系统Sludge Incineration System RO反渗透用房（Reverse Osmosis） RO House六、通信设备名称Equipment Name程控电话交换系统PABX System局域网及综合布线系统LAN ＆ Generic Cabling System防爆扩音/对讲系统Explosion-Proof Loud Speaking/Talk Back System工业电视监视系统CCTV System电力调度系统Power Line Carrier System周界防范系统Boundary Security System光通信系统Optical Fiber communication system 有线电视系统CATV System九、建筑设备名称Equipment Name工艺装置循环水泵房Recirculating Water Pump House污水处理综合用房Sewage Treatment House污泥脱水及鼓风机房Sludge dewatering and air blower room 生产、消防给水泵房Water supply pump room空氮站及10/0.4 KV变电所Air and nitrogen station and 10/0.4KV Transformer substation锅炉房Boiler room锅炉房10/0。
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NEWSLETTER NEWSLETTEROctober 2010Sludge Incineration TechnologyWaste water treatment and sludge treatment are both key technologies required for a state of the art waste disposal. Sludge is commonly generated as part of biological waste water treatment, either from urban and/or industrial source. Sludge produced by waste water treatment facilities is usually highly contaminated and water content is normally very high. Improper treatment or land fill of sludge creates a massive problem for the environment and therefore need to be addressed in a very professional way.Sludge typically originates from:Water sedimentation tank/concentration poundIndustrial or communal waste treatmentRaschka Fluidized Bed Incinerator Raschka Fluidized Bed IncineratorTypical Sludge Treatment Methods Typical Sludge Treatment MethodsCurrently, there are 4 typical ways of how sludge is disposed:2. Compost GenerationCompost generation used to be a popular way for sludge disposal. The basic theory is to use aerobic microorganism to decompose kinds of organic oxides in sludge, turning it into humus which can easily be absorbed by plants. But as people highly focused on green food and increasing awareness of soil pollution of contaminates like heavy metal, sludge compost generation is facing more limitation and critical requirements. It is also inconvenient and provides low performance when compared with regular fertilizer. Therefore this method is no longer popular.3. DryingSludge drying technology is using heat to sterilize the sludge and destroy its gel structure. The temperature reaches to 95℃ to kill the pathogen, and it can significantly reduce the volume and eliminate the odour.But the process requires a lot of energy, is complicated, requires highinvestment and operational cost and will not reduce the volume completely. Further condensation and odour removal by evaporation will need to be carried out. Usually this is not a preferred option for final sludge treatment. 4. IncinerationSludge incineration is a high-temperature technology, with high-temperature combustion and excess air for complete oxidation, pyrolysis and destruction of all organic components and pathogens in the sludge.A technology which provides a high throughput and requires a relatively small area and achieves a volume reduction over 90%, sludge incineration has been widely applied in western countries. It is considered the most efficient method for volume reduction in a stable and safe way. Usually dehydrated sludge will directly be sent into incinerator or alternatively will be dried before incineration.The fluidized bed incinerator we recommended allows the sludge to beincinerated with dried or high water content up to 80%~85%. Auxiliary fuel is required when dealing with high moisture, proper process design and equipment selection must be made for entire incineration plant which includes heat recovery and off-gas treatment technology.1. LandfillLandfill after dehydration is a common way because of cost reason. Sludge landfill in China has been the preferred “treatment” for a long time.However, the water contend of dehydrated sludge is usually much higher than 30% and exceeds the regular landfill requirement. It needs further processing or special designed landfill plant which requires a fairly large area, at the same time it faces the problem of location selection, leaching of contaminated water with the risk of polluting the groundwater and managing such areas for a very long time provides an irresponsible hypothec for our next generation. Improper landfill may become the source of a secondary pollution.Fluidized bed incineration is an ideal choice for its low-temp/low excess air requirement, high incineration efficiency, long gas holding time, even temperature distribution, excellent harmful components destruction capability, effective NOx/SOx/HCl generation control,economic operation, low maintenance and long life cycle! However, sludge incineration requires a relatively high initial investment and high operation cost. Advanced technology in a continuous process is also required for effective treatment of slag, ashes and off-gas which may contain heavy metal after sludge incineration.Fluidized Bed Fluidized Bed Incineration Incineration Incineration Process Description Process Description Process DescriptionSludge incinerator system includes: sludge feeding, sludge pre treatment, fluidized bed incinerator, recovery boiler, off gas treatment, ash & slag collection and conveying.Sludge feeding system----feeding the sludgeDue to the high water content (sludge from wastewater treatment plant is like liquid) a screw pump is used to feed to centrifuge for dehydration, after that, the sludge cake is like paste and can now be transferred by screw or belt conveyers.Sludge pre-treatment system----to lower water contentWater content level is the key element driving operation cost, higher water content means lower heat value with the result that incineration process needs more energy and obviously drives operation cost up.Regular sludge dehydration methods are: belt filter press, plate frame filter press and centrifuge.The free water content remains at about 80%-85% after physical dehydration, after that sludge can usually be sent to fluidized bed incinerator directly. Some of the heating energy required comes from recovered heat and will save a greatdeal of operation cost.Ra Raschka Fluidized Bed Incinerator schka Fluidized Bed Incinerator schka Fluidized Bed IncineratorFluidized bed incinerator----the key equipment for sludge incinerationThe primary burner heats up the fluidized bed and sand (bed materials) to about 850~870℃, then the spreader distributes the sludge evenly into the fluidized bed. The fluidized bed incinerator is a brick lined steel casing with an inner refractory lining and an outer thermal insulation. The main sections are the conical lower part with the windbox, the nozzle bottom and fluidized bed area and the cylindrical upper part with the freeboard area. The nozzle bottom is a ceramic sandwich construction equipped with air nozzles made of heat resistant cast steel. The combustion air is blown by the combustion air blower into the combustion chamber that is connected to the windbox. From there the combustion air comes into the windbox below the nozzle bottom. During heating up of the incinerator the combustion air is heated up in the combustion chamber by means of thecombustion chamber burner. Then the combustion air flows through the air nozzles in the nozzle bottom upwards and fluidizes the sand-layer above the nozzle bottom evenly.The freeboard area above the fluidized bed serves as post-combustion zone with long retention times of the flue gas and fly ash particles. The secondary wind is injected by suitable position and quantity depends on the combustion condition. So a perfect combustion is achieved, higher efficiency and lower NOx produced . If the sludge is defined as dangerous waste, then secondary combustion isrequired to have gas being treated for at least 2 seconds at 1'100℃ to comply with Chinese environmental regulation of No. 2004-15.Heat recovery boiler----to recover the heat coming from incinerationHeat recovery boiler is to collect the incineration heat, and generate the steam. The special designed boiler is designed to deal with dust in flue gas. If the sludge is defined as dangerous waste, then the gas must rapidly be quenched when at 500-600℃ to avoid generation of dioxin, a requirement defined by Chinese environmental regulation No. 2004-15.Flue gas treatment system---- to reach the emission standardThe treatment system includes quench reduction of acid gases, removal of dust as well as NOx reduction. Emissions like nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, acids, heavy metal, dust and dioxins will be controlled to full fill the emission standards required.Challenges Challenges in Sludge Incineration in Sludge Incineration in Sludge IncinerationSludge incineration technology currently available in China still needs improvement. Government,enterprises and other society resources need to support and cooperate in policy, technology and funding to achieve an environmental friendly disposal of sludge.Proper sludge water content levelling is the key element of operation cost optimisation. Sludge handling/disposal includes pre-treatment, incineration, heat recovery and combustion outcomes. These process steps must be properly designed and implemented during construction.Acid off-gas, slag and fly ash after incineration must be well processed in order to comply with the emission standards and regulation. This is a key technology as well.Advantages Advantages when working with when working with when working with Lonza Engineering Lonza EngineeringLonza Engineering offers entire solutions, including initial research, process design, EPC/EPCM. Weare committed to bring western proven advanced technology and make maximum domestic manufacturing to offer customer the best quality with the most economic price.In sludge incineration, Lonza Engineering has successfully completed several projects, and we have established partnership agreement with European high tech companies in many kinds of aspects. Sludge incineration is a chemical process, while Lonza has over 110 years chemical production experience, especially in process development, integration, process control and management. Lonza Engineering has strong capability in process design, technology integration and global professional support.Lonza Engineering and its partners have unique and reliable advanced technologies, especially in Europe, there are many successful projects that can be visited and studied.Domestic partner Taihu Boiler has rich experience in equipment manufacturing and site installation which will drastically reduce the incineration system investment cost.Sludge specification: Urban/Industrial Sludge (85%water content)Annual operation hours: 8'000 hrs Capability: 5 tons/hr Service time: Since 1976 Chamber: 870℃，-3 mbarEmission Standard: DIRECTIVE 2000/76/ECLonza Lonza’s ’s ’s ’s Sludge Incinerator in Switzerland Sludge Incinerator in Switzerland Sludge Incinerator in SwitzerlandLonza Sludge Incinerator in VISP, Switzerland Lonza Sludge Incinerator in VISP, SwitzerlandLonza Engineering and its partners Lonza Engineering and its partnersLonza Engineering Supply services of sludge incinerator system EPC/EPCM, process design, technology transfer, control systemdesign and execution, installation management, QA/QC, commissioningand maintenance etc., to ensure system integration and performance to comply with Chinese laws and regulation. SwitzerlandChinaDumag Founded in 1930, own the top waste gas/waste liquid atomizing, thermal process techniques, supply coretechnology and equipment of industryburners and ultrasonic nozzles. The products can be used in industryincinerator, fluidized bed incinerator and municipal waste incineration plants. AustriaMeidinger Meidinger is one of the few companies who are certified for Zone 0 fanproduction. High quality and advancedfans are used to transfer combustible and poisonous gas in chemical, pharmaceutical, environmental and energy industry.SwitzerlandRaschka Founded in 1946, specializes in fluidized bed technology, design and construct fluidized bed incinerators and waste heat steam boilers for power generation, energy recovery andenvironmental thermal disposal. Products can handle municipal/industry sludge, domestic waste, waste from slaughter house, biomass, ballast coal and residual waste from paper-, cellulose- and chemical industry. GermanyWehrle-Werk Founded in 1860, professional in heatrecovery solution, strong capability andrich experience in energy andenvironmental protection industries. GermanyProtego Over 50 yeas of flame arrestor fabrication and testing. Offersprofessional industrial flame arrestors,valves and tank accessories with ATEX, RTN, WHG191 certificates. GermanyTaihu Boiler Famous domestic boiler manufacturer,offers equipment localization design,fabricating and technology transfer.ChinaIn this context, LonzaEngine Engineering’s service could ering’s service could include:include:EPC/EPCM contractor for entire sludge incineration system Sludge incineration technology consultancy Engineering and design support Process analysis and optimization Control system design and executionSupply high-tech key products/parts/units/modules for sludge incinerationEvaluation of technical solution for your specific sludge incineration methods Installation supervision, calibration and maintenanceQualification and validation of sludge incinerators and relevant process control system Continuous improvement and optimization of existing systemsPlease feel free to contact us in order to discuss your needs with our expert team, we would be very happy to share our experience in waste management and specifically in sludge incinerationAn extensive service list is available on our website: /engineeringLonza Engineering Ltd Lonza Engineering LtdLonza Engineering is a subsidiary of LonzaGroup Ltd and provides customer oriented services with a professional, experienced and highly motivated engineering team. We have more than 15 years of successful project management experience in China which makes us a perfect partner for the chemical, pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industry. A broad range of services with a project reference list underlining our capabilities is available upon request. Lonza Engineering Ltd. Basel, Switzerland, created in August 2008, has founded a wholly owned subsidiary called Lonza Guangzhou Engineering & Consulting Co., Ltd.Lonza Engineering has successfully managed multiple and complex projects such ascontinuous operating plants for the production of food and feed additives as well as active pharmaceutical ingredient plants including waste gas and liquid waste treatmentfacilities. The management team of the new company consists of current Lonza employees from Switzerland and China.Contacts ContactsLonza Engineering Ltd Lonza Engineering LtdMuenchensteinerstrasse 38, CH-4002 Basel, SwitzerlandTel: +41 61 316 8606 Fax: +41 61 316 9606Email: info.engineering@ sales.engineering@Website: http: ///engineeringLonza Guangzhou Engineering & Consulting Co. Ltd Co. Ltd68, Huanggedadao Bei, Nansha district, Guangzhou, 511455, Guangdong Province, China Tel: +86 20 3497 1118+86 20 3497 3888 ext. 2377Fax: +86 20 3497 2288Email: info.engineering@ sales.engineering@Website: http: ///engineering。