时态语态
高中语法动词的时态和语态
一、一般现在时1、表示经常发生的习惯性的、现在反复出现的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有：always,usually,seldom, sometimes, every day, now and then, once a week等。
2、表示眼下或目前等现在时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。
3、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
4、书报的标题，故事的叙述，小说、戏剧、电影等情节介绍，图片的说明等。
5、时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目单、课程表等按规定将要发生的动作，只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come等动词。
6、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
注意：一般现在时可以用于定语从句或宾语从句中表示将来。
7、用在某些表达中，表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。
Here comes the bus!How it rains!二、一般过去时1、表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系。
常用的时间状语有：yesterday, last night, at that time等。
2、表示在过去某一段时间里反复出现的动作或状态，与现在没有关系。
3、用used to do或would do表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
4、有些情况发生的时间没清楚表明，但实际上是“刚才，刚刚”发生的，属于过去时间，应使用过去时态。
常见的有I didn’t know…或I forgot…等。
5、一般过去时可与today, this week, this month等时间状语连用。
三、一般将来时1、will/shall do（1）表示将来会出现的动作或状态。
常用的时间状语：this evening, tomorrow, next week/month…,at the end of this term, in a few minutes等。
时态和语态
时态和语态A. 时态一、一般现在时一般现在时通常表示习惯动作、一般状态、客观规律和永恒真理;如主语为第三人称单数, 动词后需加s或es;He always gets up late on Sundays.习惯动作He lives on a lonely island in the Pacific Ocean.一般状态The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 客观规律提示在以等引导的时间状语从句中, 或以if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中, 通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时;I'll ring you as soon as he comes back. as soon as, when, after一般现在时表将来时You'll succeed if you try you best. 一般现在时表将来时二、现在进行时现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作, 也表示目前一段时间内正在进行崐的活动;表示后一种情况时, 动作不一定正在进行;They are putting up the scaffolding.说话时正在进行的动作Steve is studying Chinese in Beijing. 目前一段时间内正在进行的活动提示1. 并非所有动词都有进行时, 有些表示状态和感觉的动词通常无进行时, 除非这类动词的词义发生变化;这类动词有:be, love, like, hate, believe, think, feel, seem等;Do you see anyone over there 表示状态和感觉的动词通常无进行时Are you seeing someone off 词义发生变化2. 现在进行时也可表示将来的动作: 它指按人们的计划、安排将要发生的动作或指即将开始的动作;I'm leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 表示将来的动作Imagine I'm seeing the Mona Lisa. 表示将来的动作3. 现在进行时也可用来给习惯性动作加上赞赏或讨厌等感情色彩;She is always cooking some delicious food for her family. 感情色彩He is always finding fault with his employees. 感情色彩三、现在完成时现在完成时表示目前已完成的动作或刚刚完成的动作, 也可表示从过去某一刻发生, 现仍延续着的动作或情况;此时态强调动作对现在的影响;The conference has lasted for five days. 已完成的动作He's just bought an nuusual taxi. 刚刚完成的动作提示1. 当句子中出现表示到现在为止这段时间的状语时, 谓语动词一般用现在完成时;此类状语有up to till now, so far, these days, this summer, for…后接一段时间的短语, since…等;We haven't seen each other again since we graduated in 1987.2. 句中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时主要取决于动作是否对现在有影响;What did she say about itI have lived in Nanjing for 15 years. 对现在有影响四、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生且一下子就完成的动作, 也可表示过去习惯性的动作;一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响, 只说明过去;I had a word with Julia this morning. 一下子就完成的动作He smoked forty cigarettes a day until he gave up. 习惯性的动作提示 1. 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用, 如yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when …等;2.“used to＋动词原形”表示“过去常常”而现在已停止的习惯动作;He used to work fourteen hours a day. 过去常常另外, 注意区别“used to”和“be used to”;后者意为“习惯于…”, to为介词, 后跟名词或动名词;She is used to hard work.她习惯于艰苦工作;五、过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某时正在发生的动作, 也可表示过去某段时间内正在发生或反复发生的动作;Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me his experiences as a young man. 过去正在发生Bill was coughing all night long. 过去反复发生六、过去完成时过去成时表示过去某时之前已完成的动作或状况;在时间上, 它属于“过去的过去”;在句中常有明显的参照动作或有表示“到过去某时为止”的时间崐状语; By the end of the war, the small workshop had become a large factory. They found that a stream had formed in the field.七、一般将来时一般将来时表示某个将来时间会发生的动作或情况, 也可表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯性的动作;He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic. 将来发生The students will have five English classes per week this term. 将来反复提示be going to, be to, be about to等也可表示将来发生的动作, 但它们常常表示打算、计划、安排和即将要发生的动作;will表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假定要发生的动作或情况;八、将来进行时将来时间时表示将来某时正在发生或持续的动作;其构成: will+be+动词的现在分词;I'll be reading this time tomorrow. 将来正在进行Most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the station.持续九、将来完成时将来完成时表示将来某时前已完成的动作, 它与可用来表示推测;They will have stayed here for five months next week. 将来完成By the end of next month, they will have studied twenty passages. 推测十、现在完成进行时现在完成时间时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作;此动作或情况可能已停止, 也可能继续下经也可表示刚结束的动作;I've been working for IBM for 15 years.I've been waiting for an hour but she still hasn't come.提示现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别是: 前者一般表示已结束的动作或情况, 它强调对现在的影响;后者一般表示仍在进行或刚刚还在进行的动作或情况, 它强调动作的延续性;I have thought it over.我已经考虑过这件事了;I have been thinking it over.我一直在考虑这件事;Be carful Peter have been painting the car.注意彼得刚才还在给这部车上油漆;油漆尚未干;B. 语态被动语态常用于下列几种情况:一、动作的执行者无需指出或不明确时Printing was introduced into Europe from China.Rome was not built in a day.二、为了强调动作的承受者Four people were killed and thirty-one injured in the bomb attack. Susan was singled out for praise yesterday.三、为了修辞的需要He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door.Yesterdayu he visited our university and was welcomed by the President.提示1. 除及物动词外, 一些相当于及物动词的短语动词也可作用被动态形式, 除个别情况外, 短语动词一般不拆开使用;This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.短语2. 不及物动词或相当于一个不及物动词的短语动词和表示状态的动词或短语动词无被动态形式, 如happen, rise, occur, take place, break out等; 以及lack, fit, suit, equal, become, resemble, befall, consist of,look like 等;The story took place in 1949.3. 将主动态形式改为被动态形式时如遇到动词后跟双宾语的情况, 我们只能将其中之一变成主语, 另一个保持不变;当直接宾语变成主语时, 保持在原位的间接宾语前需加介词to;I gave my hasband a tie as a birthday pressent.→My hasband was given a tie as a birthday present.→A tie was given to my husband as a birthday present.。
时态和语态
时态和语态【时态】英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。
常见时态及用法：1.一般现在时：表示现在状态和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作、状态；表示客观现实和真理（do/does）2.一般过去时：在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态（did）3.一般将来时：在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态（will/shall do）4.过去将来时：在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态（would do）5.现在进行时：表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作（am/is/are doing）6.过去进行时：表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作（was/were doing）7.将来进行时：表示将来某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作(will/shall be doing)8.现在完成时：表示过去已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果影响到现在；也表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态（have/has done）9.过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”（had done）10.现在完成进行时：表示一个动作从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去（have/has been doing）【语态】语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成，不同时态的被动语态的形式由be来体现巩固练习11. I wonder why Jenny _____us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn’t writtenB. doesn’t writeC. won’t writeD. hadn’t written2. — When will you come to see me，Dad? —I will go to see you when you ___ the training course.A. will have finishedB. will finishC. are finishingD. finish3.You can’t move in right now. The house _____. A. has painted B. is painted C. is being painted D. is painting4.I don’t think Jim saw me，he ________ into space.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared5. His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the magazines he ________.A. had long been expectedB. had long expectedC. has long expectedD. was long expected6. My uncle said that he would telephone but I ________ from him so far.A. didn’t hearB. hadn’t heardC.haven’t heardD. won’t hear7. ——Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it. ————It’s 9568442.A. didn’tB. couldn’tC. don’tD. can’t巩固练习2 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The house belongs to my aunt but she ___________________(not live) here any more.2. This machine _____________________(not work). It has n’t worked for years.3. If their marketing plans succeed, they______________________(increase) their sales by 20 percent.4. Population experts predict that most people _____________(live) in cities in the near future.5. He _____________(play) football regularly for many years when he was young.6. -- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?-- Yes, since she __________________(join) the Chinese Society.7. Teenagers _______________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much.8. I called Tom many times last night, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother ______________ (talk) on the phone all the time!9. John promised his doctor he ___________________ (not smoke), and he has never smoked ever since.10.This time tomorrow, I__________________ (lie) on the beach11. So far this year we ___________ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.12. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____________ (stay) in many worse hotels.13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ____________ (know) each other for years.14. -- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.-- I think so. He _____________________ (prepare) for it for months.15. --Did you go to the show last night?--Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _______________(invite).16. -- What’s that noise?-- Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine_______________ (test).17. I like these English songs and they ___________________ (teach) many times on the radio.。
英语动词时态和语态
动词的时态和语态知识点一一般时态1．一般现在时(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。
常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always，every time，now and then，occasionally，often，seldom，sometimes，usually，every day/night等连用。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。
只限于go，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，come等动词。
(3)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。
Around two o’clock every night，Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat bothers us.每天晚上两点左右，苏就说梦话。
这使我们有点烦心。
If it doesn’t rain，we’ll go on a picnic as planned.如果不下雨，我们将按计划去野餐。
Whatever you say，I will not change my mind.无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。
The flight takes off at2：30every Wednesday and Friday.飞机每周三、周五2：30起飞。
2．一般过去时表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态，与现在没有关系或表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作。
—Haven’t seen you for ages!Where have you been?——好长时间没见你了！你去哪里了？—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.——我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，作为一名志愿者教学。
3．一般将来时(1)“shall/will＋动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动作或存在的状态。
(完整版)高中语法之常用时态语态详解
第四章时态和语态一．动词的时态英语时态用共有十六种时态，其中常用的有8种，它们是：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。
一. 一般现在时.1.构成. be动词：am is are ; 其他动词用动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时要在谓语动词后加“s”，其变化规则与名词变复数一致。
2.用法. 1). 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
如usually, always, often, seldom, never, every...,eg. I leave home for school at 7 every morning.I don’t leave home for school at 7 every morning.Do I leave home for school at 7 every morning?He usually gets up early.He doesn’t usually get up early.Does he usually get up early?2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
eg. The earth moves around the sun.The earth doesn’t move around the sun 否定句Does the earth move around the sun? 疑问句Shanghai lies in the east of China.Shanghai doesn’t lie in the east of China 否定句Does Shanghai lie in the east of China? 疑问句Water boils at 100 centigrade degrees.3) 表示格言或警句中eg. Pride goes before a fall.注意. 此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
16种时态及语态总结
16种时态及语态总结在英语学习中，时态和语态是非常重要的语法知识点。
掌握好这 16 种时态及语态，对于准确表达思想、理解他人的意思都有着至关重要的作用。
接下来，让我们一起详细了解一下这 16 种时态及语态。
一、一般时态1、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
其构成是主语＋动词原形（当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要加 s 或 es）。
例如：“I play basketball every day”（我每天打篮球。
）“He likes music”（他喜欢音乐。
）2、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
其构成是主语＋动词的过去式。
比如：“I went to Beijing last year”（我去年去了北京。
）“She was a teacher”（她曾经是一名老师。
）3、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。
常见的构成有“will ＋动词原形”和“be going to ＋动词原形”。
例如：“I will visit my grandparents tomorrow”（我明天将去看望我的祖父母。
）“She is goi ngto have a party”（她打算举办一个派对。
）二、进行时态1、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
其构成是“be（am/is/are）＋现在分词”。
例如：“I am reading a book now”（我现在正在读书。
）2、过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
其构成是“was/were ＋现在分词”。
比如：“He was playing football at this time yesterday”（昨天这个时候他正在踢足球。
）3、将来进行时将来进行时表示将来某个时刻正在进行的动作。
其构成是“will be ＋现在分词”。
例如：“I will be studying English at 8 o'clock tomorrow evening”（明天晚上 8 点我将正在学习英语。
英语八种时态及语态
英语八种时态及语态一．现在进行时态（正在进行）1．结构：Be + V- ing . 被动语态结构am/is /are + being+ p.p2．关键词；look , listen , now, at the moment , at presente. g The students ----------( play ) at five o’clock in the afternoon.二．一般现在时态（经常性，反复性）1．结构 A. be型am/ is are + n / adj/ prep phrase被动语态结构am/is/are +p.pe. g I am a student . / He is tired . / They are at home.一般疑问句将be 提前，否定句在be 后加not.B．行为动词：1). S+ V （主语除第三人称单数）e. g We study English. / Do you study English ? / We don’t study English. 一般疑问句加助动词do ,否定句加助动词don’t.They do their homework. / Do they do their homework ? / They don’t do their homework.2). S + V（单三）。
主语是第三人称（he, she, your mother, lily）; 动词第三人称变化相当于名词变复数。
E. g His brother studies hard every day. /Does his brother study hard every day ?His brother doesn’t study hard every day.一般疑问句在加Does, 否定句加doesn’t. 后要还原动词原形。
e. g Her sister does some cooking in the evening. / Does her sister do some cooking in theevening .? Her sister doesn’t do some cooking in the evening.3. 关键词：every day ( week / month / year) / in the morning ( afternoon / evening)On Monday (s) at weekend (s)Always /often / usually /sometimes= at times. Once a week （how often）三．一般过去时态（过去的动作，状态）1．结构。
英语语法-时态-语态-从句大全
英语语法：句型时态一、一般现在时：1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为与现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.根本结构：动词原形〔如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加〔e〕S〕4.否认形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词假设为行为动词，那么在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，那么用doesn't，同时复原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，那么用does，同时，复原行为动词。
6.例句：. It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.二、一般过去时：1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.根本结构：be动词；行为动词4.否认形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't，同时复原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时复原行为动词。
6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.三、现在进展时：1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进展的动作与行为。
2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.3.根本结构：am/is/are+doing4.否认形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
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done
过去时（-ed）
was/were+done
was/were+being+done
had+been+done
had+been+being+done
将来时（shall/will）
shall/will
+be+done
shall/will+be+being+done
had done
had+been
+doing
将来时（shall/will）
shall/will+do
shall/will+be+
doing
shall/will have done
shall/will +have+been
+doing
过去将来时(should/would)
should/would+do
should/would+
beould/would +have+been+doing
时态定义：
时：时间状语
态：动作和时间状语的关系
态的正确定义：
1.一般态或进行态：动作与时间状语同时发生
2.进行态：动作在时间状语后发生
3.完成态：动作在时间状语之前发生且在其之前或同时发生
shall/will+have+been+done
shall/will+have+been+being+done
过去将来时(should/would)
should/would
+be+done
should/would+be+being+done
should/would+have+been+done
should/would+have+been+being+done
时态语态详解表
时/态
一般(do)
进行(be+doing)
完成
(have done)
完成进行（have been doing）
现在时（不变/-s）
do（does）
am/is/are+doing
have/has done
have/has +been+doing
过去时（-ed）
did
was/were+doing
4.完成进行态：动作发生在时间状语之前且在其之后结束
被动语态:
do→be+done
一般(do)
进行(be+doing)
完成
(have done)
完成进行（have been doing）
现在时（不变/-s）
am/is/are+done
am/is/are+being+done
have/has+been+done