2018届高三英语总复习 第一部分 回归教材 Unit 1 Art 新人教版选修6
2018届高三英语总温习第一部份回归教材综合能力测试新人教版必修220211010182
综合能力测试第一部份听力(1～20题略)第二部份阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A(2021·福建省三明市第一中学月考)It was on the early afternoon of a midOctober day in 2021. Bismark Mensah, who came to America several months ago, was collecting carts (手推车) outside a Walmart in Federal Way. It was a parttime job for him. He earned $9.05 an hour in charge of getting carts out of the parking lot.He was used to finding stuff in carts that customers had somehow forgotten—keys, credit cards, wallets. And he turned them into a customer service. But a particular item stood out. It was a white envelope with a clear window in the middle, and there was a lot of cash in it, around $20,000. Mensah turned them into customer services.Because of what he did that afternoon, Mensah is now the winner of Walmart's national 2021 “Integrity(正直) in Action Award”．Bismark Mensah says that since the story ran, he has become the model the youth in Ghana (his native country)．He is now employed fulltime at the Federal Way Walmart, earning $10.95 an hour, up from the $9.05 an hour he earned working parttime.Mensah, 33, no longer collects carts and such. He is in the backroom, dealing with inventory(库存). “I want to learn everything about operating a store like Walmart store，” he says. He plans to return to Ghana to run some shops owned byhis family. He also plans to go to college and earn a degree in business administration.21．What does Mensah do in Walmart now?A．Collects carts.B．Deals with inventory.C．Checks out the groceries.D．Ensures Walmart's security.22．What's Mensah's future plan?A. T o teach in college.B. To run his own shops.C. T o earn a degree in arts.D. T o work in a big factory.23．What can be inferred from the passage?A．Mensah comes from a poor family in Ghana.B．Mensah can hardly make himself understood in America.C．Mensah will help set up some Walmart branches in Ghana.D．Mensah has set an example for the youth in his own country.24．What lesson can we learn from the story of Mensah?A．It's never too late to learn.B．Don't judge by appearance.C．Honesty is a valuable quality.D．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.答案与解析本文通过Mensah的故事，告知人们“诚实是宝贵的品质”。
2018届高三英语总复习第一部分回归教材Unit1Friendship随堂演练新人教版必
Un it 1 Frie ndship随酸练03I .单词拼写1. Busin ess has________ （遭受）loss since the econo mic crisis happe ned.2. My father has made a full _______ （康复）from the operation.3. _______________________________________ The teacher told the students to （定下心来）down and study the text.4. __________________________________________ When he was abroad, his parents were ________________________________________________ （担心）about his safety.5. ___________ （确切地）speaking, I disagree with you on this matter.6. Not knowing a single person at the party, he felt _______________ （忽视）by all the people prese nt.7. ______________________ All the plan was （打乱）by the sudden change of the weather.8. _______________________ He prefers to work （户夕卜）,for he can have more time to get closeto n ature.9. We were so _________ （感激的）to him for the help he had offered to us.10. The ____________ （整个）compa ny can be man aged by a computer with the helpof moder n tech no logy.答案1. suffered2.recovery3.settle4.concerned5. Exactly6.ignored7.upset8.outdoors9. grateful 10.entiren.单句语法填空1. I once studied some Japanese at college, but rm afraid that rve ________（en tire） forgotte n it now.2. _________________ European （settle） began in 1840 when the British arrived.3. We all know they are _______ （German） from Germany.4. Don't always stay in doors. You'd better go _______ （outdoor） for fun.5. Since you have questions, why not turn to him for some ________ （advise）?6. With in a few days Mary became seriously ill, ________________ （suffer） great pain.7. The win dows have n't bee n clea ned for at least a year and are _____________ （dust）now.8. Part-time English classes are offered. In _______________ （add）, students can takeclasses in word- process ing and computi ng.9. rm rather ________ （concern） about my brother's health.10. __________________________ He stood up suddenly, (upset) a cup of tea.11. I had trouble ________ (figure) out what he meant.12. Her bike was broken, so she had to get it ________ (repair) .13. While _________ (cross) the road, he was knocked over.14. He let out the secret ________ purpose _________ order to earn money.15. I often talk with my daughter face ________ face _________dusk.16. It is the first time she ________ (witness) such a heavy snowstorm.17. It's no pleasure ________ (go) camping on such a foggy day.18. We suffered from ________ s eries of natural disasters in _______ 1980s.19. Wefell _________ love with the village and got along well _______________ the local people.20. ______________ He set _________________ e verything he went in the small down.答案1. entirely2.settlement3.Germans4.outdoors5. advice6.suffering7.dusty8.addition9.concerned10. upsetting 11.(in) figuring 12.repaired 13.crossing14. on; in 15.to; at 16.has witnessed 17.going18. a; the 19.in; with 20.down; through川.单句改错1 . We refused to let him know any information concerned the research project. _______2. I have never heard of the names you added up to the list. _______3. Howlong will it be since the professor makes another visit to China ? _________________4. It's no pleasure stay at home doing homework all day. ______5. We all want to get things do better, faster and more easily. ______6. While read the article, he found a spelling mistake. _______答案1. concerned 改为concerning2.去掉up3. since 改为before4.stay 改为staying5. do 改为done6.read 改为readingIV.语法填空I was on a plane that was about to take off when my phone rang. It was my neighbor say ing I needed to get to the hospital, for my wife Mary __1__ (take) to hospital, and when I arrived doctors were trying to make _2__ (she) come back to consciousness, but it was no good.I explained to my __3__ (child) that Mummy had died. Within hours they were running around the garde n, __4__ (chat) with their gra ndad while I was in a deep sorrow. I went through the motions of being a dad —cooking, cleaning, washing —but in side I felt hollow. One of the hardest things __5__ (cope) with was that the boys had lost their mother. Mary and I were every on e's favorite couple. The physical loss of not having her around was __6__ (extreme) painful. For a year, I was in the _7__ (deep) of misery. Then I decided that we had to get through this. I bega n to date Emma, __8__ had bee n a childhood friend, and Mickey could n't wait for us to get married so he could call her Mum. It was n't long before George warmed to her, too ——she is wonderful with them. Two years later we got married and life started to look rosy. Emma and I have had two boys to add __9__ our family.We all have the con cept that our lives are followi ng __10__ particular_path,but sometimes it turns out it's not going that way.答案1. was taken/had been taken2.her3.children4. chatting5.to cope6.extremely7.depth/depths8. who 9.to 10.aV .短文改错Somestudents don't like talking about their parents often as if their parents love them very much. Are you get on well with your pare nts? You and your pare nts will be very happily if you can be frien ds. Here are some way to have a good talk with them. Find a good time to talk, like when you're having dinner, going out for walk and watch ing TV. Tell them someth ing you're in terested in, or ask them about their lives whe n they are young. They love to talk about our past! Meet them face to face and liste n to them carefully. Be hon esty, and your pare nts will trust you more.答案Somestudents don't like talking about their parents often a」if their parentswith/to eve nlove them very much. Are you get on well with your parents? You and your parentsgett ingwill be very happily if you can be frien ds. Here are some way __________ to have a good talkhappy wayswith them. Find a good time to talk, like when you're having dinner, going out forA walk a watching TV. Tell them something you're interested in, or ask them aboutortheir lives whe n they are young. They love to talk about our past! Meet them facewere theirto face and listen to them carefully. Be honesty , and your parents will trustyouhonestmore.。
2018届高三英语总复习第一部分回归教材综合能力测试新人教版必修420171010184
综合能力测试第一部分听力(1～20题略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A(2017·河北省唐山市第一中学月考)I was 9 years old when I found out my father was ill.It was 1994 but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday：“Ke rrel，I don't want you to take food from your father, because he has AIDS.Be very careful when you are around him.”AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up.From then on.I knew that this would be a family secret.My parents were not together anymore，and my Dad lived alone.For a while he could take care of himself.But when I was 12，his condition worsened.My father's children lived far away，so it fell to me to look after him.We couldn't afford all the necessary medication for him，and because Dad was unable to work, and I had no school supplies and often couldn't even buy food for dinner.I_would_sit_in_class_feeling_completely_lost._The_teacher's_words_muffled(低沉)as_I_tried_to_figure_out_how_I_was_going_to_manage.I did not share my burden with anyone.I had seen how people reacted to AIDS.Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease.And even adults could be cruel. When my father was moved to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside table even though he was too weak to feed himself.I had known that he was going to die, but after so many years of keeping his condition a secret，I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days.Sad and hopeless，I called a woman at the nonprofit National AIDS Support.That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared.She saved my life.I was 15 when my father died.He took his secret away with him，having never spoken about AIDS to anyone，even me.He did not want to call attention to AIDS.I do.21．What does Kerrel tell us about her father?A．He had stayed in the hospital since he fell ill.B．He depended on the nurses in his final days.C．He worked hard to pay for his medication.D．He told no one about his disease.22．What can we learn from the underlined sentences?A．Kerrel couldn't understand her teacher.B．Kerrel had special difficulty in hearing.C．Kerrel was too troubled to focus on the lesson.D．Kerrel was too tired to hear her teacher's words.23．Why did Kerrel write the passage?A．To tell people about the sufferings of her father.B．To show how little people knew about AIDS.C．To draw people's attention to AIDS.D．To remember her father.答案与解析本文通过对自己儿时父亲患艾滋后，家人及自己因害怕引起关注而隐瞒这一事实所面临的痛苦经历的描述，希望引起人们的关注，共同对抗艾滋。
2018届高三英语总复习第一部分回归教材Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld课件新人教版必修3
答案 1．①sadness ⑤eagerness ②weakness ③rudeness ⑥darkness ④national ④kindness
2．①original ②seasonal ③agricultural ⑤musical ⑥cultural ⑦traditional 3．①starvation ⑤protection 4．①belief ②celebration
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
4．“相信”与“不相信” ①________ n．信任；信心；信仰 ②________ adj.不可相信的；难以置信的 ③________ vt.使确信；使信服 ④________ n．信任；信念；诚意；信仰 ⑤________ v．怀疑；猜想 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑分子 ⑥________ adj.可靠的；可信赖的
答案 1．starvation 2.trick 3.gain 4.gather 5.award
6．obviously 7.reminder 10．independent
8.religious 9.believe 12.permission
11.admiration
13．apology 14.forgiveness；forgave/forgiven
3．动词＋tion 后缀变名词 ①starve→________ 饿死 ②celebrate→________ 庆祝 ③admire→________ 羡慕 ④predict→________ 预言 ⑤protect→________ 保护 ⑥digest→________ 消化 ⑦combine→________ 联合 ⑧cooperate→________ 合作
7．Jesus /'dʒi ːzəs/ n. ________ 8．necessity /nɪ'sesətɪ/ n. ________ 9．prediction /prɪ'dɪkʃn/ n. ________ 10．fashion /'fæʃn/ n. ________ 11．announcer /ə'naʊnsə/ n. ________
2018届高三英语总复习第一部分回归教材Unit1Alandofdiversity课件新人教版选修8
12．distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的→________ n. 差 别；区分；卓著 13．applicant n. 申请人→________ vi. 申请→________ n. 申请书；申请 14． apparent adj. 显而易见的； 显然的； 表面上的→________ adv. 显然地；显而易见地 15．indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示→________ n. 迹 象→________ n. 指示器；指示信号 16．punish vt. 处罚，惩罚→________ n. 惩罚
【联想串记】 1．动词＋tion 变名词 ①immigrate→________ 迁移，移居 ②indicate→________ 指示，暗示 ③fascinate→________ 魅力，入迷 ④elect→________ 竞选，选举 ⑤decorate→________ 装饰
2．动词＋ment 后缀变名词 ①punish→________ 惩罚 ②govern→________ 统治，政府 ③arrange→________ 安排 ④argue→________ 争论 ⑤move→________ 运动，移动
第一部分
回归教材
选修8
Unit 1～Unit 5
Unit 1
A land of diversity
基础自测01 随堂演练03
考点突破02
课时作业
基础自测01
重温教材 稳固基础
Ⅰ.单词回顾 (一)认读单词 1．illustrate /'ɪl əstreɪt/ vt. ________ 2．immigrate /'ɪmɪɡreɪt/ vi. ________ 3．adventurer /əd'ventʃərə/ n. ________ 4．despite /dɪ'spaɪt/ prep. ________ 5．fascinating /'fæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ adj. ________ 6．miserable /'mɪzərəbl/ adj. ________ 7．thoughtful /'θɔːtfl/ adj. ________
2018届高三英语总复习第一部分回归教材Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld3!
Unit 1 Festivals around the world Ⅰ.阅读理解(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around. It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly (多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with applethemed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards (果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.1．What can people do at the apple events?A．Attend experts' lectures.B．Visit fruitloving families.C．Plant fruit trees in an orchard.D．Taste many kinds of apples.2．What can we learn about Decio?A．It is a new variety.B．It has a strange look.C．It is rarely seen now.D．It has a special taste.3．What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．A practical idea.B．A vain hope.C．A brilliant plan.D．A selfish desire.4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A．To show how to grow apples.B．To introduce an apple festival.C．To help people select apples.D．To promote apple research.答案与解析本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国10月21日的苹果节的相关情况。
2018版高考英语大一轮复习第1部分模块复习方略Unit1Art课时作业新人教版选修6
Unit 1 Art(时间：45分钟满分：100分)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．As for diet，Michael Jackson chooses vegetables and fruit in preference(prefer) to any kind of meat.2．Among all the birthday gifts is_included(include) a DIY card，which I like best.3．My father smokes heavily；as a consequence(consequent)，he coughs frequently.4．A great deal of progress has_been_made(make) over the last several decades in health，education，and poverty.5．Many new couples conveyed their strong desire that they (should)_adopt(adopt) the children losing their parents in the earthquake.6．Not having_predicted (predict) the risks in the stock market，they are now suffering a great financial loss.7．Attempting (attempt) to change someone else's attitude towards life is a waste of time and energy.8．If you had_followed(follow) my advice，you wouldn't have made such a mistake.9．We can't figure out why quite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.10．It is typical of students to stay up reading till late night before the final exam.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Beijing was quite different from that I had expected.that→what2．A small plane crashed into a hillside，five miles east of the city，killed three people on board.killed→killing3．A great deal money has been spent in saving the lives of the trapped miners since last week.deal后加of4．—Does the young man standing there have possession of the company?—No.The company is in possession of his father.in后加the5．The opening ceremony appealed the audience all over China.appealed后加to 6．I had got stuck in the heavy traffic，otherwise I would have come here earlier.去掉hadⅢ.阅读理解In the past，friendships were greatly limited by time，space and attention；increasing home and workplace mobility has made it even harder to keep social relations over time.Through a combination of user controls，new technologies and changing standards of social behavior，Facebook is freeing us from these limitations，making friendships more accessible，pleasant and diverse than ever before.First，Facebook allows you to find and rediscover friends and then reminds you of these connections，so that you are less likely to fall out of touch with the longlost school friend，or the family member in a different country.Second，Facebook creates an environment that allows you to interact easily with others：you can share your photos，videos，links and thoughts with your friends，and respond to what they share in turn.Third，Facebook's unique technical system helps you to discover your friends' most valuable stories.These technologies allow people to keep and enrich friendships that they might otherwise have been unable to keep.The effect of this is very great.A recent study by Keith Hampton for the Pew Internet and American Life Project discovered that users of social networking websites have larger，more diverse social circles，online and offline.This outcome comes at no cost to one's closest relationships，which are kept in person and over the phone.Instead，the hour that the average user spends each day socializing on Facebook comes at the expense of less social activities，such as the three or so hours a day the average person spends watching television.Time may limit our ability to keep social ties，but our desire for social communication is limitless.Just as boats have allowed us to cross oceans and vehicles have allowed us to move mountains，Facebook is a tool that allows us to stay more deeply connected with a larger and more diverse set of friends.语篇解读本文主要介绍了脸书在现代社交生活中的重要地位。
2018届高三英语总复习第一部分回归教材Unit1Culturalrelics课时作业新人教版必
Unit 1 Cultural relicsⅠ.阅读理解(2017·湖北省第四中学模拟)The Regional Director of the National Heritage Conservation Commission (国家遗产保护委员会) Kagosi Mwamulowe said the Barotse Plains is unique and it deserves to be on the list of the World Heritage Sites.Mr. Mwamulowe said the Barotse Plains deserves to be included on the World Heritage List because it has a rich cultural heritage which includes the burial sites of former kings.The Director said he hoped that the landscape would be declared as a heritage site next year in June. He also said it was important to protect Zambia's unique culture for education and entertainment.Chief Natural Heritage Officer Muyumbwa Ndiyoi said there will be a lot of benefits when the Barotse Landscape is declared a World Heritage Site because it will attract many tourists and business investments will increase.Mr. Ndiyoi said the site will also benefit young people as knowledge will be passed down from generation to generation.He was reacting to a question from Nalolo District Labour Officer Jason Ngoma who wanted to know how the people of Western Province will benefit once the Barotse Landscape is declared a World Heritage Site.And University of Zambia Lecturer Charles Namate said there is a need for the site to be included on the World Heritage List because 50 years after its independence Zambia only has one heritage site, which is the Victoria Falls.Lecturer Namate said the Barotse Landscape was facing a lot of environmental degradation (恶化), and that's why there is a need to recognize the value of its landscape and the memories of dead kings.The National Heritage Conservation Commission together with the Ministry of Chiefs and Traditional Affairs are in Western Province to hold meetings with Heads of Government Departments. The Commission also held closeddoor meetings with the Litunga Lubosi Imwiko II of the Barotse Royal Establishment.1．What do we know about the Barotse Plains？A．It has royal tombs.B．It is being well protected.C．It is not far from the Victoria Falls.D．It'll be listed as a World Heritage Site soon.2．Mr. Ndiyoi believes that if the Barotse Plains is declared a World Heritage Site, ________.A．it won't benefit the people of Western ProvinceB．it will attract many foreign students and researchersC．it will contribute to the local economic developmentD．more people will start to learn about Zambia's culture3．In the text, Lecturer Namate expressed his concern about________.A．the future of the Barotse PlainsB．the development of Western ProvinceC．the development of tourism in ZambiaD．the environmental problems of the Barotse Plains4．What can we infer from the text？A．Zambia only has two World Heritage Sites.B．The Barotse Landscape has been partly destroyed.C．The Barotse Landscape issue is still being discussed.D．Young people in Zambia don't know about Barotse culture.答案与解析文章主要介绍了赞比亚申请将巴罗策平原列入世界遗产的事情。
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选修6 Unit 1～Unit 5
Unit 1 Art
基础自测01 随堂演练03
考点突破02 课时作业
基础自测01
重温教材 稳固基础
Ⅰ.单词回顾 (一)认读单词 1．realistic /rɪə'lɪstɪk/ adj. ________ 2．consequently /'kɒnsɪkwəntlɪ/ adv. ________ 3．masterpiece /'mɑːstəpiːs/ n. ________ 4．landscape /'lændskeɪp/ n. ________ 5．critic /'krɪtɪk/ n. ________
6．effectively /ɪ'fektɪvlɪ/ adv. ________ 7．display /dɪ'spleɪ/ vt. ________
答案 1．现实主义的；现实的 2.所以；因而 3.杰作；名著 4．风景；景色 5.评论家 6.有效地 7.展示；陈列；显露
(二)单词速记 1．abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的 n. 摘要→________ n．抽象 概念；出神 2．evident adj. 明显的；明白的→________ n. 证据 3．adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养→________ n. 采用，收养 4．attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 努力→________ a______ 集中，重视 7．convince sb. ________ sth. 使某人相信某事 8．________ a(n)．..attitude (to) 采取一种……态度 9．aim ________ 瞄准 10．appeal ________ (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣 11．________ the flesh 活着的；本人 12．________ a consequence 因此；结果
13．be allergic ________ 对……过敏 14．figure ________ 理解，弄明白 15．scores ________ 大量，许多
答案 1．by 2.of 3.on 4.to 5.for 6.on 7.of 8.adopt 9．at 10.to 11.in 12.as 13.to 14.out 15.of
9．________ adj. 典型的；有代表性的→type n. 类型；典型 10．possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配→________ n. 所有；财产 11．coincidence n. 巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合 →________ adj. 同时发生的 12．________ n. 喜爱；偏爱→prefer v. 喜爱；偏爱
13 ． aim n. 目 标 ； 目的 vi.&vt. 瞄 准 ； ( 向 某 方 向 ) 努 力 →________ adj. 没有目标的；无目的的→________ adv. 漫无目 的地
14．permanent adj. 永久的→________ adv. 永久地 15．predict vt. 预言→________ n. 预言
【联想串记】 1．名词＋-less 后缀变形容词 ①aim→________ 无目的的 ②home→________ 无家可归的 ③limit→________ 无限的 ④hope→________ 无希望的 ⑤care→________ 粗心大意的 ⑥end→________ 无穷的
2．常见英语反义形容词面面观 ①abstract 抽象的—________ 具体的 ②active 主动的—________被动的 ③permanent 永久的—________ 暂时的 ④contemporary 当代的—________古代的 ⑤fragile 易碎的—________坚固的
答案 1．abstraction 2.evidence 3.adoption 4.attempted 5．specifically 6.figure 7.appealing 8．faithful; faithfully 9.typical 10.possession 11．coincident 12.preference 13.aimless; aimlessly 14．permanently 15.prediction
5．specific adj. 确切的；特定的→________ adv.明确地；具 体地
6．figure n. 画像；身材；数字→________ v. 计算 7．appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁 n. 呼吁，恳求 vt. 将……上 诉→________ adj.有吸引力的；有感染力的 8．faith n. 信任；信心；信念→________ adj. 忠实的；守信 的→________ adv. 忠实地
Ⅱ.短语串记 1．________ coincidence 巧合地 2．a great deal ________ 大量 3．________ the other hand (可是)另一方面 4．attempt ________ do sth. 尝试做某事 5．have a preference ________ 更喜欢……，有……的偏好
【联想串记】 1．“by＋n.”短语 ①________ coincidence 巧合地 ②________ accident 偶然地 ③________ chance 偶然地 ④________ design 故意地 ⑤________ bus/boat/air 乘公共汽车/船/飞机
3．动词＋-sion 变名词 ①possess→________ 所有，财产 ②impress→________ 印象 ③express→________ 表情，表达
答案 1．①aimless ②homeless ③limitless ④hopeless ⑤careless ⑥endless 2．①concrete ②passive ③temporary ④ancient ⑤solid 3．①possession ②impression ③expression