2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷16答案
江苏省2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题六 含答案

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(六)一、根据提示填出试卷中出现的单词:(一) 汉译英:1. 澄清vt.____________________2. 人造的;虚假的adj.__________3. 武断的;随心所欲的adj.__________4. 绝对的adj.__________5. 误解v.__________6. 调查n.__________7. 文凭;证书n.__________8. 职业;占有n.__________9. 良心;道德心n.__________10. 破坏性的adj.__________(二) 英译汉:1. ambiguous adj.__________2. merely adv.__________3. associate v.__________4. deliver v.__________5. evidence n.__________6. commit v.__________7. imply v.__________8. depth n.__________9. personality n.__________10. dimension n.__________二、根据提示填出试卷中出现的短语:1. in contrast________________________2. in brief__________3. in addition__________4. put...into practice__________5. get over__________6. take over__________7. hand over__________8. go over__________9. 结账离开__________10. 简称;缩写__________11. 全神贯注地听__________12. 代表__________13. 处于困难中__________三、根据汉语提示完成试卷中的句子(每空一词):1. 如果你不认识正在使用的习语的话,就很容易误解你读到的或者是听到的东西.________ you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand ________ you read or hear spoken.2. 从公元前650年至公元前323年,希腊文明在各个领域都取得了很大的进步,这些进步一直以来都影响着整个世界,而且会继续影响世界.From 650 to 323 BC the Greek civilization made advances in various fields that ________ ________ the world ever since and will continue to do so.3. 多伦多市中心挺立着国家电视塔,这个电视塔通常简称为CN电视塔.In the heart of Toronto ________ the Canadian National Tower, ________ is often called the CN Tower for short.4. 关于9·11事件未解之谜,其中有一个便是,美国情报部门是不是本可以做些什么来阻止它的发生.One of the unanswered questions of September 11th is ________ there was anything U.S. intelligence ________ ________ ________ to stop the attacks.四、范文默写(根据括号中所给单词或上下文语境填空):That's a touching story about an 11yearold boy who designed and carried out the “Pay it Forward”program and tried to make a difference (1) ________(change) the world for the (2) ________(good).Trevor's idea is brilliant. It's like an invisible bond (3) ________ connects everyone togetherand enables kindness to widespread (4) ________ every corner of the world. He not only puts his genius idea into action (5) ________ doing a favour for three people, but also appeals to the recipients of favour to pay the favour forward.In my view, to change the world for the better, first and foremost, we should change ourselves for the better. (6) ________ I will make a checklist of the bad habits I need to get rid of and the things I want to learn, (7) ________ can motivate me to do some small changes every day.I will also appeal to my classmates (8) ________(follow) me by posting our checklists online and push each other to be a better self.(六)一、(一) 1. clarify 2. artificial 3. arbitrary 4. absolute5. misunderstand6. investigation7. certificate8. occupation9. conscience10. destructive(二) 1. 模棱两可的 2. 仅仅;只不过 3. 使发生联系4. 发表;传递5. 证据6. 犯罪;做错事7. 暗示8. 深度9. 个性10. 尺寸;规模;方面二、 1. 相比之下 2. 简而言之 3. 除……之外 4. 付诸实践5. 克服;渡过6. 接管7. 交付;交给8. 复习9. check out10. for short11. (be) all ears12. on behalf of13. in trouble三、 1. Unless; what 2. have influenced 3. is/stands; which4. whether; could have done四、 1. to change 2. better 3. which/that 4. in 5. by 6. So7. which8. to follow。
江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试附

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十六)数学附加分(满分40分,考试时间30分钟)21. 【选做题】 在A ,B ,C ,D 四小题中只能选做2题,每小题10分,共20分.若多做,则按作答的前两题计分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.A. (选修41:几何证明选讲)如图,AD 是△ABC 的高,AE 是△ABC 的外接圆的直径,点B 和点C 在直线AE 的两侧.求证:AB·AC =AD·AE.B. (选修42:矩阵与变换)已知矩阵A =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2 x y 2,X =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤-1 1,且AX =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12,其中x ,y ∈R .(1) 求x ,y 的值;(2) 若B =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1 -10 2,求(AB )-1.C. (选修44:坐标系与参数方程)已知曲线C 的极坐标方程是ρ2-8ρcos θ+15=0,直线l 的极坐标方程是θ=π4(ρ∈R ).若P ,Q 分别为曲线C 与直线l 上的动点,求PQ 的最小值.D. (选修45:不等式选讲)已知x >0,求证:x 3+y 2+3≥3x +2y.【必做题】 第22,23题,每小题10分,共20分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.22. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线l :x =-1,点T(3,0).动点P 满足PS ⊥l ,垂足为S ,且OP →·ST →=0.设动点P 的轨迹为曲线C.(1) 求曲线C 的方程;(2) 设Q 是曲线C 上异于点P 的另一点且直线PQ 过点(1,0),线段PQ 的中点为M ,直线l 与x 轴的交点为N.求证:向量SM →与NQ →共线.23. 已知数列{a n }共有3n(n ∈N *)项,记f(n)=a 1+a 2+…+a 3n .对任意的k ∈N *,1≤k ≤3n ,都有a k ∈{0,1},且对于给定的正整数p(p ≥2),f(n)是p 的整数倍.把满足上述条件的数列{a n }的个数记为T n .(1) 当p =2时,求T 2的值;(2) 当p =3时,求证:T n =13[8n +2(-1)n ].(十六)(南京市2017届高三第三次模拟考试)21. A. 证明:连结BE.因为AD 是边BC 上的高,AE 是△ABC 的外接圆的直径, 所以∠ABE =∠ADC =90°.(4分) 因为∠AEB =∠ACD ,(6分) 所以△ABE ∽△ADC ,(8分)所以AB AD =AE AC .即AB·AC =AD·AE.(10分)B. 解:(1) AX =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2 x y 2⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤-1 1=⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤x -22-y .(2分) 因为AX =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12,所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x -2=1,2-y =2,解得x =3,y =0.(4分)(2) 由(1)知A =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2 30 2,又B =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1 -10 2,所以AB =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2 30 2⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1 -10 2=⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2 40 4.(6分)设(AB )-1 =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤a b c d ,则⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2 40 4⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤a b c d =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1 00 1,即⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤2a +4c 2b +4d 4c 4d =⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1 00 1.(8分)所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2a +4c =1,4c =0,2b +4d =0,4d =1,解得a =12,b =-12,c =0,d =14,即(AB )-1=⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12 -120 14.(10分)(说明:逆矩阵也可以直接使用公式求解,但要求呈现公式的结构) C. 解:由于ρ2=x 2+y 2,ρcos θ=x ,所以曲线C 的直角坐标方程为x 2+y 2-8x +15=0,即(x -4)2+y 2=1, 所以曲线C 是以(4,0)为圆心,1为半径的圆.(3分) 直线l 的直角坐标方程为 y =x ,即x -y =0.(6分)因为圆心(4,0)到直线l 的距离d =|4-0|2=22>1,(8分)所以直线l 与圆相离,从而PQ 的最小值为d -1=22-1.(10分)D. 证明:因为x >0,所以x 3+2 = x 3+1+1 ≥33x 3×1×1=3x , 当且仅当x 3=1,即x =1时取“=”.(4分)因为y 2+1-2y =(y -1)2≥0,所以y 2+1≥2y ,当且仅当y =1时取“=”.(8分) 所以(x 3+2)+(y 2+1)≥3x +2y ,即x 3+y 2+3≥3x +2y ,当且仅当x =y =1时,取“=”.(10分) 22. (1) 解:设P(x ,y)为曲线C 上任意一点.因为PS ⊥l ,垂足为S ,又直线l :x =-1,所以S(-1,y).因为T(3,0),所以OP →=(x ,y),ST →=(4,-y).因为OP →·ST →=0,所以4x -y 2=0,即y 2=4x. 所以曲线C 的方程为y 2=4x.(3分) (2) 证明:因为直线PQ 过点(1,0),故设直线PQ 的方程为x =my +1.P(x 1,y 1),Q(x 2,y 2).联立⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y 2=4x ,x =my +1,消去x ,得y 2-4my ―4=0.所以y 1+y 2=4m ,y 1y 2=―4.(5分) 因为M 为线段PQ 的中点,所以M 的坐标为⎝⎛⎭⎫x 1+x 22,y 1+y 22,即M (2m 2+1,2m). 因为S(-1,y 1),N(-1,0),所以SM →=(2m 2+2,2m -y 1),NQ →=(x 2+1,y 2)=(my 2+2,y 2).(7分) 因为(2m 2+2)y 2-(2m -y 1)(my 2+2) =(2m 2+2)y 2-2m 2y 2+my 1y 2-4m +2y 1=2(y 1+y 2)+my 1y 2-4m =8m -4m -4m =0.所以向量SM →与NQ →共线.(10分)23. (1) 解:由题意,当n =2时,数列{a n }共有6项.要使得f(2)是2的整数倍,则这6项中,只能有0项、2项、4项、6项取1,故T 2=C 06+C 26+C 46+C 66=25=32.(3分)(2) 证明:T n =C 03n +C 33n +C 63n +…+C 3n3n .(4分) 当1≤k ≤n ,k ∈N *时, C 3k 3n +3=C 3k 3n +2+C 3k -13n +2=C 3k -13n +1+C 3k 3n +1+C 3k -13n +1+C 3k -23n +1=2C 3k -13n +1+C 3k 3n +1+C 3k -23n +1=2(C 3k -13n +C 3k -23n )+C 3k -13n +C 3k 3n +C 3k -33n +C 3k -23n=3(C 3k -13n +C 3k -23n )+C 3k 3n +C 3k -33n ,(6分)于是T n +1=C 03n +3+C 33n +3+C 63n +3+…+C 3n +33n +3=C 03n +3+C 3n +33n +3+3(C 13n +C 23n +C 33n +C 43n +C 53n +…+C 3n -23n +C 3n -13n )+T n -C 03n +T n -C 3n3n =2T n +3(23n -T n )=3×8n -T n .(8分)下面用数学归纳法证明:T n =13[8n +2(-1)n ].当n =1时,T 1=C 03+C 33=2=13[81+2(-1)1],即n =1时,命题成立. 假设n =k (k ≥1,k ∈N *) 时,命题成立,即T k =13[8k +2(-1)k ].则当n =k +1时,T k +1=3×8k -T k =3×8k -13[8k +2(-1)k ]=13[9×8k -8k -2(-1)k ]=13[8k +1+2(-1)k +1],即n =k +1时,命题也成立.于是当n ∈N *,有T n =13[8n +2(-1)n ].(10分)。
江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题一 含解析

实战演练·高三英语20套第页(共160页)江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(一) 英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.满分120分,考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题共80分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分15分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.()1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a cafeteria.B. In a restaurant.C. In a supermarket.()2. Why does Jack stop playing sports now?A. He is too busy.B. He has lost the interest.C. The training is too hard.()3. What does the woman mean?A. She is a visitor.B. She just moved in here.C. She knows the manager.()4. What are the speakers talking about?A. Buying DVDs.B. Borrowing DVDs.C. Sharing DVDs.()5. How does the woman find the tickets?A. They are hard to get.B. They are cheap.C. They are expensive.第二节(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)听下面4段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.()6. What will the boy do after lunch?A. Have some dessert.B. Clean up his toys.C. Try a new game.()7. Who might the woman be?A. Frankie's mother.B. Frankie's babysitter.C. Frankie's sister.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题.()8. What is Jane's problem?A. She can't have lunch with Dr. Pasteur tomorrow.B. She forgets the appointment with Dr. Pasteur.C. She can't meet Dr. Pasteur tomorrow morning at 9 a.m.()9. How long is the appointment postponed?A. Three hours and forty-five minutes.B. Four hours and fifteen minutes.C. Six hours.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题.()10. What did Mr. Tang major in the university?A. Chinese.B. Journalism.C. International operation.()11. What was Mr. Tang responsible for when he worked in a media company?A. Gathering the international news.B. Writing the current reports.C. Expanding the operation.()12. Why would Mr. Tang like to work in China?A. He can have a good chance to meet his parents.B. He can make good use of his operation ability.C. He can make good use of his Chinese and English.听第9段材料,回答第13至15题.()13. What can the iMaid do?A. Wash dishes.B. Dry the clothes.C. Clean up dirt from floors.()14. How long can the iMaid work after being charged?A. Three hours.B. Ten hours.C. Thirteen hours.()15. According to the talk, what is the best thing about the iMaid?A. The special gift worth $49.B. The price.C. The service contract.第二部分:英语基础知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项.()16. — Tu Youyou and the other two scientists jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work against parasitic diseases.—They deserve it. The consequences ________ improved human health and reducedsuffering are immeasurable.A. in honor ofB. in terms ofC. in defense ofD. in hopes of()17. A teacher's job is not to tell the students what to believe or value, but to ________ them to develop a worldview for themselves.A. urgeB. rankC. persuadeD. equip()18. So why not, he reasoned, ________ the boy a few minutes to explain the whole affair?A. to spareB. sparingC. spareD. spared()19. He ________ himself to a search by the guards before entering the government building.A. objectedB. submittedC. compromisedD. identified()20. — It is reported that Papiss Cisse and Jonny Evans were charged with spitting by the Football Association.—I think spitting is one of the most disgusting things that ________ happen in the game, but yet it is not the worst.A. mustB. shallC. shouldD. can()21. Our mothers sat us down to read and paint, ________ all we really wanted to do was to make a mess.A. sinceB. asC. unlessD. when()22. I needn't have been in such a hurry. The flight to Hong Kong ________ due to the typhoon.A. has cancelledB. was cancelledC. will be cancellingD. had cancelled()23. — A study suggests reducing energy demand in the future may ________ urban areas.—That's true. Cities need more energy than small towns or other rural areas.A. center onB. act onC. hang onD. catch on()24. Tech-free tourism refers to traveling without a mobile phone or similar devices, particularly to places ________ block or cannot access Internet and cellular signals.A. thatB. whereC. whenD. who()25. —Have you heard of Gong Xingfang, who is experienced in taking care of mothers and newborns in Shanghai?—Yes. It is reported that she can earn 14,000 yuan ($2,252) a month now and anyone who wants to hire her has to make an ________ half a year in advance.A. assessmentB. accommodationC. appointmentD. occupation()26. My brother hopes that he ________ computer science instead of history when he graduated from the university.A. studiesB. studiedC. had studiedD. has studied()27. A Chinese student's print-like handwriting caused controversy among British Internet users,________ both praise and questions about individuality.A. drewB. drawingC. to drawD. having drawn()28. British government is planning to run a pilot scheme that will allow Chinese tourists to get a two-year tourist visa for £85—these cost £324.A. currentlyB. apparentlyC. frequentlyD. similarly()29. Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is ________ the key to the little island development lies.A. whichB. whatC. whereD. why()30. — His father always tells him to stop telling lies, which falls on deaf ears.—I think he will suffer the consequences. ________.A. You reap what you sowB. Justice has long armsC. Honesty is the best policyD. Lies have short legs第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项.The continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it __31__ our kids.Al Gore famously __32__ how a sea-level rise of 20 feet would almost completely __33__ Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, __34__ the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, __35__ that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that.When __36__ with these exaggerations(夸大), some of us say that they are for a good cause,and surely there is no __37__ done if the result is that we focus even more on dealing with climate change.This __38__ is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying extremely about global warming means that we worry less about other things,__39__ we could do so much more good. We focus, __40__,on global warming's impact on malaria(疟疾) —which will put more people at __41__ in 100 years—instead of helping the half a billion people __42__ from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more __43__ than carbon reduction would be.Exaggeration also wears out the public's __44__ to cope with global warming. If the planet is certain to be destroyed __45__ global warming, people wonder, why should we do anything?The __46__ cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes —particularly among children. An article in The Washington Post mentioned nine-year-old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal __47__ from global warming.The newspaper also reported that parents are __48__ effective outlets for their 8-year-olds' concern with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, __49__ to common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled over the past half-century, to about 22,000. __50__ the possible disappearing of summer Arctic ice, polar bears will live on with us.()31. A. exhausts B. amazes C. terrifies D. interests()32. A. dismissed B. determined C. denied D. described()33. A. cover B. flood C. reduce D. expand()34. A. even though B. as if C. in that D. in case()35. A. measuring B. proving C. estimating D. advocating()36. A. faced B. identified C. filled D. entitled()37. A. good B. harm C. benefit D. disadvantage()38. A. announcement B. argument C. story D. dialogue()39. A. when B. what C. where D. which()40. A. for example B. in addition C. on average D. in short()41. A. peace B. random C. ease D. risk()42. A. prohibiting B. escaping C. developing D. suffering()43. A. effective B. accurate C. complex D. temporary()44. A. ability B. sense C. willingness D. preference()45. A. due to B. except for C. regardless of D. along with()46. A. smallest B. worst C. fewest D. least()47. A. ruling out B. running out C. dropping out D. dying out()48. A. turning out B. taking over C. searching for D. pulling through()49. A. sensitive B. contrary C. related D. accustomed()50. A. Except B. Besides C. Without D. Despite第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项.ABelow are the four most famous bridges in the world.Ponte Vecchio BridgeThe Ponte Vecchio (literally “old bridge”) is a bridge built in the Middle Ages over the Arno River in Florence, Italy, the only Florentine bridge to survive World War Ⅱ. The bridge is unique for still having shops built along it, as was common in the days of the Medici. Butchers originally occupied souvenir sellers. It is said that the economic concept of bankruptcy originated here: when a merchant could not pay his debts, the table on which he sold his goods was physically broken by soldiers, and this practice was called “bancorotto (broken table)”.Golden Gate BridgeThe Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the strait between San Francisco and Marin County to the north. It is the masterwork of architect Joseph B. Strauss, whose statue graces the southern observation deck. The bridge took seven years to build, and was completed in 1937. The Golden Gate Bridge used to be the longest suspension bridge span in the world. And today it has become one of the most popular tourist attractions in San Francisco and California. Since its completion, the span length has been surpassed by eight other bridges. The famous red-orange color of the bridge was specifically chosen to make the bridge more easily visible through the thick frog that frequently covers the bridge.Millau BridgeStarted in 1998 and opened to traffic in 2005, the Millau Viaduct is a huge cable-stayed road-bridge that spans the valley of the river Tarn near Millau in southern France. It is the tallest highway bridge in the world, with the highest pylon's summit at 343 meters—slightly taller than the Eiffel Tower. The speed limit on the bridge was reduced from 130 km/h to 110 km/h because of traffic slowing down, due to tourists taking pictures of the bridge from the vehicles. Shortly after the bridge opened to traffic, passengers were stopping to admire the landscape and the bridge itself.Charles BridgeThe Charles Bridge is a famous stone Gothic bridge that crosses the Vltava River in Prague, Czech Republic. Its construction started in 1357 under the support of King Charles IV, and finished in the beginning of the 15th century. As the only means of crossing the river Vltava, theCharles Bridge was the most important connection between the Old Town and the area around Prague Castle. Connection made Prague important as a trade route between Eastern and Western Europe. Today it is one of the most visited sights in Prague with painters, owners of kiosks and other traders alongside numerous tourists crossing the bridge.()51. Of the four bridges, which one has the shortest history?A. Ponte Vecchio.B. Golden Gate Bridge.C. Millau Bridge.D. Charles Bridge.()52. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Golden Gate Bridge?A. The span length ranks the 8th in the world.B. Its color enables travelers to see it easily on foggy days.C. It is the most popular tourist attraction in America.D. It took Joseph B. Strauss 7 years to design the bridge.()53. The Charles Bridge played an important role in Prague, Czech Republic because ________.A. it attracted many famous painters thereB. it was supported by Kin Charles IVC. it was the only stone Gothic bridge crossing the Vltava RiverD. it promoted the trade between Eastern and Western EuropeBTELECOMMUTERS fall into two camps. Some sit on the sofa watching daytime soaps, pausing occasionally to check their BlackBerrys. Most, however, do real work, undistracted by meetings and talkative colleagues.In the future more people will work from home. With office space in London and New York so costly, many firms save money by encouraging staff to work in their loose clothes. Instead of having to bury their noses in strangers' armpits on crowded trains, they can work via e-mail, Skype and virtual private networks.Yet, in a research published in MIT Sloan Management Review, Daniel Cable of the London Business School shows that telecommuters are less likely to be promoted. In one experiment subjects were asked to judge scenarios in which the only difference was whether the employee was at his office desk or at home. Managers rated those at the office to be more dependable and industrious, regardless of the quality of their work.Visibility creates the illusion of value. Being the last to leave the office impresses bosses, even if you are actually larking around(胡闹) on Facebook. Oddly, this holds true at firms that explicitly encourage staff to work from home. Many Californian tech firms asked employees not to come to the office too often; yet bosses unconsciously punished those who obeyed.Remote workers understand this. Many frequently sent their bosses with progress reports to prove they are on the job. A fifth of the workers in the study admitted to leaving an e-mail or voice mail early or late in the day. Still, many are not as smart as they think. Some choose a Monday or Friday to work at home. That, says Mr. Cable, makes others think they are eager to extend the weekend.A culture of presenteeism hurts working mothers most. Many women (and some men) work from home to allow themselves the flexibility to pick up kids from school. That need not mean they produce less; only that they do it at a time and a place of their own choosing. Some firms, such as Best Buy, an electronics retailer, recognize this and try hard to evaluate staff entirely on performance. But this is not easy. Intangibles such as teamworking skills matter, too. Mr. Cable thinks homeworking will lose its stigma(污名) only when most people do it. Or perhaps when the boss is telecommuting, too.()54. What is most likely the main cause of the increasing number of telecommuters?A. Increasing location rents.B. Annoying talkative colleagues.C. High-tech mobile phones.D. Attractive daytime soaps.()55. What does the example of many California tech firms prove?A. Working at home is impractical in tech firms.B. Employees' presence at office raises their value.C. Employees should judge when to obey.D. Bosses often don't keep their promises.()56. What do wise telecommuters do to prove they are on the job?A. They give timely accounts of their work progress to their bosses.B. They check their e-mails and voice mails every day.C. They discuss the work with their bosses.D. They spend some time working on weekends.()57. What is the biggest disadvantage of working at home according to the lastparagraph?A. The traditional working culture can be hurt.B. Mothers' work may be interrupted by their kids.C. Retailers can't get enough on-site employees.D. Employees may lack chances to develop certain skills.CAlzheimer's disease has no cure. There are, however, five drugs—known and approved—that can slow down the development of its symptoms. The earlier such drugs are administered, the better. Unfortunately, the disease is usually first noticed when people complain to their doctors of memory problems. That is normally too late for the drugs to do much good. A simple and reliable test for Alzheimer's that can be administered to everybody over the age of about 65, before memory-loss sets in, would therefore be useful.Theo Luider, of the Erasmus University Medical Centre in Rotterdam, and his colleagues think they have found one—but it works only in women. They made their discovery, just reported in the Journal of Proteome Research, by tapping into a long-term, continuing study that started in 1995 with 1,077 non-demented and otherwise healthy people aged between 60 and 90. At the beginning of the project, and subsequently during the periods 1997-99 and 2002-04, participants were brought in for a battery of neurological(神经学的) and cognitive(认知的) investigations, physical examinations, brain imaging and blood tests.During the first ten years of the study, 43 of the volunteers developed Alzheimer's diseases. When Dr. Luider compared blood samples from these people with samples from 43 of their fellow volunteers, matched for sex and age, who had remained Alzheimer's-free, he found something surprising. Levels of a substance called pregnancy zone protein had been unusually high, even before their symptoms appeared, in some of those who went on to develop Alzheimer's disease.Those “some”,it turned out, were all women. On average, levels of pregnancy zone protein in those women who went on to develop Alzheimer's were almost 60% higher than those of women who did not. In men, levels of the protein were the same for both.The reason for this curious result seems to be that the brain plaques(斑块) associated with Alzheimer's disease are themselves turning out pregnancy zone protein. Certainly, when Dr. Luider applied a chemical stain specific to that protein to the plaques of dead Alzheimer's patientshe found the protein present in them.Confusingly, though, it was there in the plaques of both sexes. Presumably, female cells (and therefore the plaques of female brains) make more of it than male cells do. But that remains to be proved. Whatever the reason, however, this result means that women, at least, may soon be able to tell whether and when they are at risk of Alzheimer's and thus do something about it before they start losing their minds.()58. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. No medication can slow down the development of Alzheimer's symptoms.B. To detect Alzheimer's disease before memory loss appears is vital.C. Doctors had better handle Alzheimer's disease when people are 65 years old.D. People who always complain are most likely to have Alzheimer's disease.()59. The underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.A. a simple and reliable test for Alizheimer'sB. a possible cure for Alzheimer'sC. an important discovery about Alzheimer'sD. an effective and legal drug for Alzheimer's()60. What does Dr. Luider's study tell us about the pregnancy zone protein?A. It won't go high until the symptoms of Alzheimer's appear.B. In men, levels of it remain stable for their lifetime.C. Women developing Alzheimer's usually have lower levels of it.D. The brain plaques connected with Alzheimer's produce it.()61. The passage is mainly about ________.A. patients of Alzheimer's disease and its drugsB. an introduction to the pregnancy zone proteinC. a new discovery concerning Alzheimer's diseaseD. the development stages of Alzheimer's diseaseDHe was in the first third-grade class I taught at Saint Mary's School in Morris, Minnesota. All 34 of my students were dear to me, but Mark Eklund was one in a million. Very neat in appearance, he had that happy-to-be-alive attitude that made even his occasional mischievousness delightful.Mark also talked continuously. I had to remind him again and again that talking withoutpermission was not acceptable. One morning my patience was growing thin when Mark talked once too often, and then I made a novice-teacher's mistake. I looked at Mark and said, “If you say one more word, I am going to tape your mouth shut!”It wasn't ten seconds later when Chuck blurted out, “Mark is talking again.”I hadn't asked any of the students to help me watch Mark, but since I had stated the punishment in front of the class, I had to act on it.I remember the scene as if it had occurred this morning. Without saying a word, I proceeded to Mark's desk, tore off two pieces of tape and made a big X with them over his mouth. I then returned to the front of the room.As I glanced at Mark to see how he was doing, he winked at me. That did it! I started laughing. The entire class cheered as I walked back to Mark's desk, removed the tape, and shrugged my shoulders. His first words were, “Thank you for correcting me, Sister.”At the end of the year I was asked to teach junior-high math. The years flew by, and before I knew it Mark was in my classroom again. He was more handsome than ever and just as polite.One Friday, things just didn't feel right. We had worked hard on a new concept all week, and I sensed that the students were growing discouraged with themselves—and edgy with one another.I had to change the mood of the class before it got out of hand. So I asked them to list the names of the other students in the room on two sheets of paper, leaving a space between each name. Then I told them to think of the nicest thing they could say about each of their classmates and write it down. It took the remainder of the class period to finish the assignment.That Saturday, I wrote down the name of each student on a separate sheet of paper, and I listed what everyone else had said about that individual. On Monday I gave each student his or her list. Some of them ran two pages. Before long, the entire class was smiling. “Really?” I heard whispers. “I never knew that meant anything to anyone!”“I didn't know others liked me so much!”No one ever mentioned those papers in class again. I never knew if the students discussed them after class or with their parents, but it didn't matter. The exercise had accomplished its purpose. The students were happy with themselves and one another again.That group of students moved on. Several years later, after I returned from a vacation, I got a call from my father. “The Eklunds called last night,”he began. “Really?”I said. “I haven'theard from them for several years. I wonder how Mark is.”Dad responded quietly. “Mark was killed in Vietnam,”Mark looked so handsome, so mature. All I could think at that moment was, Mark, I would give all the masking tape in the world if only you could talk to me.After the funeral, most of Mark's former classmates headed to Chuck's farmhouse for lunch. Mark's parents were there, obviously waiting for me. “Helen, we want to show you something,”his father said, taking a wallet out of his pocket. “They found this on Mark when he was killed. We thought you might recognize it.”Opening the billfold, he carefully removed two worn pieces of notebook paper that had obviously been taped, folded and refolded many times. I knew without looking that the papers were the ones on which I had listed all the good things each of Mark's classmates had said about him. “Thank you so much for doing that,”Mark's mother said. “As you can see, Mark treasured it.”Mark's classmates started to gather around us. Charlie smiled rather sheepishly and said, “I still have my list. It's in the top drawer of my desk at home.”Then Vicki, another classmate, reached into her pocket-book, took out her wallet and showed her worn and ragged list to the group. “I carry this with me at all times,”Vicki said without hesitation. “I think we all saved our lists.”That's when I finally sat down and cried. I cried for Mark and for all his friends who would never see him again.()62. We can conclude that when Sister Helen was a third-grade teacher, she ________.A. was usually hot-tempered and impatientB. liked all the students in the class but MarkC. wasn't always sure how to discipline her studentsD. had a high expectation of the students in her class()63. The underlined word “edgy” in Paragraph 7 means “________”.A. very disappointedB. easily annoyedC. fully honestD. greatly inspired()64. Upon reading their lists for the first time, Sister Helen's students were ________.A. surprised and proudB. nervous and embarrassedC. depressed and angryD. calm and content()65. Mark carried the notebook paper at all times because ________.A. it was a valuable gift from his dear Sister HelenB. it could ease his homesickness when in VietnamC. it was the recognition and appreciation from his classmatesD. he promised his classmates that he would treasure it第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共40分)第四部分:词汇检测(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)请认真阅读下列各小题,并根据上下文语境和所给首字母的提示,写出下列各句空格中的单词,注意保持语义和形式的一致.66. —Whatever b________ we are having on our shoulders, let them down for a moment, shall we?—All right. Let's enjoy the meal first.67. —I noticed the customer in red go away not altogether satisfied with Tom's explanations.—Definitely. She asked how the machine worked and Tom just gave a v________ description about its function, which could make her even more puzzled.68. — Alice, Granny is coming. Would you give your room a t________ cleaning?—With so much homework to do, I will just mop the floor, leaving the dirty windows to Jim.69. —Have you heard the news that his father's ship crashed into a rock and was broken in two?—Yeah. Luckily, nobody was injured with the help of the soldiers s________ on the nearby island.70. —One more girl was bitten by a dog this morning. Worse still, nobody knows who the owner is.—It's high time to campaign for c________ registration of dogs.第五部分:同义转换(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)请认真阅读下列各小题的两句句子,在空格处填上一个单词,使两句句子语义保持不变.(注意:不得使用第一句中的原词)71. — We will stick to our policy to promote relationships with the third-world countries.—It will be our ________ policy to promote relationships with the third-world countries.72. —Yan Fei, a director of Goodbye Mr. Loser thinks the success of the film lies in their devotion to telling a complete story.—Yan Fei, a director of Goodbye Mr. Loser ________ the success of the film to their devotion to telling a complete story.73. —Many Chinese students studying abroad have no choice but to wash dishes in the restaurants to support themselves.—In order to live on, many Chinese students studying abroad are reduced to ________ themselves out to wash dishes in the restaurants.74. —I was green with envy when I was informed that he would be promoted while I would not.—I was ________ when I was informed that he would be promoted while I would not.75. —Their system which relies entirely on departmental selection will surely cause lack of balance.—Their system which relies entirely on departmental selection is ________ to result in lack of balance.第六部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词.注意:每个空格只填1个单词.Regret is as common an emotion as love or fear, and it can be nearly as powerful. We feel it when we either blame ourselves for things that turned out badly, or long to undo a choice we made in the past. The effect regret has on our lives and how we deal with regret are equally important.In some cases, regret can be disastrous. In 1995, a British man who regularly played one set of lottery numbers forgot to renew his ticket during the week that his numbers came up. He was so filled with regret and self-blame that he committed suicide. While this is an extreme consequence of regret, it can have many other lesser effects on the mind and body that can still seriously affect our lives.According to recent research, women have more regrets about romantic relationships than men do—not surprising, since women “value social relationships more than men”. In collectivist。
江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试附

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十)语文附加分(满分40分,考试时间30分钟)一、阅读材料,完成20—22题(10分)20. 用斜线“/”给下面文言文中的画线部分断句。
(限6处)(6分)以入画之景作画宜诗之事赋诗如铺锦增华事半而功则倍虽然非拓境宇启山林手也诚斋放翁正当以此轩轾之。
人所曾言,我善言之,放翁之与古为新也;人所未言,我能言之,诚斋之化生为熟也。
放翁善写景,而诚斋擅写生。
(选自钱钟书《谈艺录》)21. “诚斋放翁”是哪两位宋朝诗人的号?写出他们的姓名。
(2分)________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________22. 用自己的话解释“写生”在文中的意思。
(2分)________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________二、名著阅读(15分)23. 下列对有关名著的说明,不正确的两项是(5分)()()A. 《三国演义》中曹操在得知关羽“挂印封金”弃职出走时,赞关羽是“不忘故主、来去明白”的大丈夫,赶去送行并赠锦袍,表现了他的大度和谋略。
B. 方玄绰、夏四奶奶、赵七爷、单四嫂子、陈士成,这五个文学形象分别出于鲁迅小说集《呐喊》中的《端午节》《药》《阿Q正传》《明天》《白光》。
C. 《边城》以“这个人也许永远不回来了,也许明天回来!”收尾,反映了作者对“湘西世界”这种“理想人生形式”的未来充满信心。
D. 在欧也妮在抛弃承继权的文书上签字前,老葛朗台紧张得直哆嗦,以他的逻辑完全无法理解女儿能为梳妆匣以死相拼对几百万遗产却淡然处之的表现。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)试卷与答案

{正文}2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)语文试题一、语言文字运用(15分)1.(3分)在下面一段话的空缺处依次填入词语,最恰当的一组是()中国古代的儒家经典,莫不是古圣人深思熟虑、的结晶。
如果把经典仅仅当作一场的说教,那你永远进不了圣学大门。
必得躬亲实践,才能切实圣人的心得,如此我们的修为才能日有所进。
A.特立独行耳提面命顿悟B.特立独行耳濡目染领悟C.身体力行耳提面命领悟D.身体力行耳濡目染顿悟2.(3分)在下面一段文字横线处填入语句,衔接最恰当的一项是()“理性经济人”,把利己看作人的天性,只追求个人利益的最大化,这是西方经济学的基本假设之一。
,,,,,,更倾向于暂时获得产品或服务,或与他人分享产品或服务。
使用但不占有,是分享经济最简洁的表述。
①反而更多地采取一种合作分享的思维方式②不再注重购买、拥有产品或服务③但在分享经济这一催化剂的作用下④人们不再把所有权看作获得产品的最佳方式⑤在新兴的互联网平台上⑥这个利己主义的假设发生了变化A.③⑥⑤①④②B.③⑥⑤④②①C.⑤⑥③①④②D.⑤⑥③④②①3.(3分)下列诗句与所描绘的古代体育活动,对应全部正确的一项是()①乐手无踪洞箫吹,精灵盘丝任翻飞。
②雾縠云绡妙剪裁,好风相送上瑶台。
③浪设机关何所益,仅存边角未为雄。
④来疑神女从云下,去似姮娥到月边。
A.①下围棋②荡秋千③抖空竹④放风筝B.①抖空竹②荡秋千③下围棋④放风筝C.①下围棋②放风筝③抖空竹④荡秋千D.①抖空竹②放风筝③下围棋④荡秋千4.(3分)对下面一段文字主要意思的提炼,最准确的一项是()偏见可以说是思想的放假。
它是没有思想的人的家常日用,是有思想的人的星期天娱乐。
假如我们不能怀挟偏见,随时随地必须得客观公正、正经严肃,那就像造屋只有客厅,没有卧室,又好比在浴室里照镜子还得做出摄影机前的姿态。
A.没有思想的人往往更容易产生偏见。
B.即使有思想的人也常常会怀挟偏见。
C.人无法做到随时随地保持客观公正。
江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试英语试题 含答案 精品

实战演练·高三英语20套第页(共160页)江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(一)英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
( )1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a bank.B. On campus.C. In a library.( )2. What can we learn about the man?A. He is asking for an advertisement.B. He is applying for a temporary job.C. He is having trouble with the Internet.( )3. What does the man say about their work?A. He suggests giving a lecture.B. He suggests taking on more tasks.C. He suggests doing a combined presentation.( )4. How does the woman probably feel?A. Anxious.B. Relieved.C. Satisfied.( )5. What does the woman think of Michael O'Brien?A. He worked hard 20 years ago.B. He is excited as always.C. He is still very popular among the fans.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(一)

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(一)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.设全集U ={x|x>1},集合A ⊆U.若∁U A ={x|x>9},则集合A =________.2.已知复数z 满足z(1+i)=3-i ,其中i 为虚数单位,则复数z 的模|z|=________.3.某时段内共有100辆汽车经过某一雷达测速区域,将测得的汽车时速绘制成如图所示的频率分布直方图.根据图形推断,该时段时速超过50km/h 的汽车辆数为________辆.4.如图所示的流程图中,输出的S 为________.5.函数f(x)=log 12(2x -3)的定义域是________.6.袋中有形状、大小都相同的4只球,其中1只白球,1只红球,2只黄球,从中一次随机摸出2只球,则这2只球颜色不同的概率为________.7.已知正四棱锥的底面边长为4cm ,高为5cm ,则该正四棱锥的侧面积是________cm 2.8.设变量x ,y +y ≤4,≥x ,≥1.若目标函数z =ax +y 的最小值为-2,则a =________.9.设函数f(x)=32-3sin 2ωx -sin ωxcos ωx(ω>0),且y =f(x)的图象的一个对称中心到最近的对称轴的距离为π4,则f(x)在区间-π4,0上的最大值为________.10.设S n 是等比数列{a n }前n 项的和.若满足a 4+3a 11=0,则S 21S 14=________.11.若b>a>1且3log a b +6log b a =11,则a 3+2b -1的最小值为________.12.已知P 是圆x 2+y 2=1上一动点,AB 是圆(x -5)2+(y -12)2=4的一条动弦(A ,B 是直径的两个端点),则PA →·PB →的取值范围是________.13.若a>0,b>0,且函数f(x)=ae x +(b 3-8)x 在x =0处取得极值,则a +3b 的取值范围是________.14.在△ABC 中,边a ,b ,c 所对应的角分别为A ,B ,C.若2sin 2B +3sin 2C =2sin Asin Bsin C +sin 2A ,则tan A =________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c.已知2(sin C -sin A)=sin B.(1)求b c -a的值;(2)若b =2,BA →·BC →=32,求△ABC 的面积.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥PABCD 中,M 是PA 上的点,△ABD 为正三角形,CB =CD ,PA ⊥BD.(1)求证:平面MBD ⊥平面PAC ;(2)若∠BCD =120°,DM ∥平面BPC ,求证:点M 为线段PA 的中点.17.(本小题满分14分)园林管理处拟在公园某区域规划建设一半径为r 米、圆心角为θ(弧度)的扇形景观水池,其中O为扇形AOB的圆心,同时紧贴水池周边建一圈理想的无宽度步道.要求总预算费用不超过24万元.已知水池造价为每平方米400元,步道造价为每米1000元.(1)当r和θ分别为多少时,可使水池面积最大?求出最大面积;(2)若要求步道长为105米,则可设计出的水池最大面积是多少?18.(本小题满分16分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy中,A,B是圆O:x2+y2=1与x轴的两个交点(点B在点A右侧),点Q(-2,0),x轴上方的动点P使直线PA,PQ,PB的斜率存在且依次成等差数列.(1)求证:动点P的横坐标为定值;(2)设直线PA,PB与圆O的另一个交点分别为S,T,求证:点Q,S,T三点共线.19.(本小题满分16分)设f(x)=e x·sin x+ax(a为常数),x∈[0,2π].(1)当a=0时,求f(x)的单调区间;(2)若f(x)在区间(0,2π)的极大值、极小值各有一个,求实数a的取值范围.20.(本小题满分16分)设{a n}为各项均不相等的数列,S n为它的前n项和,且满足λna n+1=S n+1(n∈N*,λ∈R).(1)若a1=1,且a1,a2,a3成等差数列,求λ的值;(2)若数列{a n}的各项均不为零,问当且仅当λ为何值时,a2,a3,a4,…,a n,…成等差数列?试说明理由.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(二)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知集合A ={-1,1,2,3},B ={x|x ∈R ,x 2<3},则A ∩B =________.2.若复数z =-i 1+2i(i 为虚数单位),则z 的实部为________.3.函数f(x)=1-lg x 的定义域为________.4.某算法的伪代码如图所示,若输入的x 值为32,则输出的y 值为________.5.某高校调查了200名学生每周的自习时间(单位:h),制成了如图所示的频率分布直方图,其中自习时间的范围是[17.5,30],样本数据分组为[17.5,20),[20,22.5),[22.5,25),[25,27.5),[27.5,30].根据直方图,这200名学生中每周的自习时间不足22.5h 的人数为________.6.从1,2,3,4,5这五个数中一次随机取两个数,则取出的两个数的和为奇数的概率为________.7.设F 1,F 2是双曲线C :x 2a 2-y 2b 2=1(a>0,b>0)的两个焦点.若在C 上存在一点P ,使PF 1⊥PF 2,且∠PF 1F 2=30°,则双曲线C 的离心率为________.8.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,将函数y =sin 2x 的图象向左平移π12个单位长度后得到函数g(x)的图象,则g(π12)的值为________.9.设变量x ,y -y ≤1,+y ≥2,-x ≤2.若目标函数z =kx +2y(k ∈N *)仅在点(1,1)处取得最小值,则k 的值为________.10.如图,在由5个边长为1,一个顶角为60°的菱形组成的图形中,AB →·CD →=________.12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知点A(3,4),点P 在圆C :(x -2)2+(y -1)2=1上运动,点Q 在y 轴上运动,则|AP →+AQ →|的最小值是________.13.已知点P 在曲线C :y =ae x (e 是自然对数的底数)上,记曲线C 在点P 处的切线与坐标轴围成的三角形的面积为S.若使得S =a 2的点P 有三个,则实数a 的取值范围是________.14.设a>0,b>0,函数f(x)=xln x ,g(x)=-a +xln b ,且∃x ∈a +b 4,3a +b 5,f(x)≤g(x),则b a的取值范围是________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c.设向量m =(a ,c),n =(cos C ,cosA).(1)若m ∥n ,c =3a ,求角A 的大小;(2)若m·n =3bsin B ,cos A =45,求cos C 的值.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥PABCD 中,PC ⊥平面ABCD ,AB ∥CD ,CD ⊥AC ,过CD 的平面分别与PA ,PB 交于点E ,F.求证:(1)CD ⊥平面PAC ;(2)AB ∥EF.如图,在等腰直角三角形区域ABC 中,∠ACB =90°,BC =AC =1米,现准备画出一块三角形区域CDE ,其中D ,E 均在斜边AB 上,且∠DCE =45°,记△CDE 的面积为S.(1)①设∠BCE =θ,试用θ表示S ;②设AD =x ,试用x 表示S ;(2)求S 的最大值.18.(本小题满分16分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a>b>0)过点(2,22),A ,B 分别为椭圆C 的右、下顶点,且OA =2OB.(1)求椭圆C 的方程;(2)设点P 在椭圆C 内,满足直线PA ,PB 的斜率乘积为-14,且直线PA ,PB 分别交椭圆C 于点M ,N.①若M ,N 关于y 轴对称,求直线PA 的斜率;②求证:△PMN 的面积与△PAB 的面积相等.设数列{a n}的前n项和为S n,且满足a n>0,a2n+1-nλ2-t=2λS n(n∈N*),其中λ>0,t>0.(1)若a1=t=1,λ=1,求数列{a n}的通项公式;(2)若a1=t.①求证:数列{a n}为等差数列;②设b n=a n-n,数列{b n}的前n项和为T n.若对任意n∈N*,b n+1≥T n恒成立,求t的取值范围.20.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f(x)=ln x.(1)设a∈R,函数g(x)=f(x)-3x-a有且只有一个零点,求实数a的值;(2)设b,c∈R,若函数h(x)=f(x)+12x2-mx(m≥52)的极值点x1,x2(x1<x2)恰好是函数H(x)=f(x)-cx2-bx的零点,求y=(x1-x2)H′(x1+x22)的最小值.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(三)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知集合A ={x|-1<x ≤1},集合B ={-1,1,3},则A ∩B =________.2.函数f(x)=sin(4x +π6)的最小正周期为________.3.已知(1+2i )2=a +bi(a ,b ∈R ,i 为虚数单位),则a +b =________.4.根据如图所示的程序框图,输出a 的值为________.5.从1,2,4,8这四个数中一次随机地取2个数,则所取2个数的乘积为8的概率是________.6.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,若双曲线x 22-y 2m =1(m>0)的离心率为62,则该双曲线的两条渐近线的方程是____________.7.已知公差不为0的等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n .若a 2,a 5,a 14成等比数列,S 5=a 23,则a 10=________.8.若圆锥的底面直径和高都与一个球的直径相等,圆锥、球的表面积分别记为S 1,S 2,则S 1S 2的值是________.9.若正实数x ,y 满足x 2+2xy -1=0,则2x +y 的最小值为________.10.已知正六边形ABCDEF 的边长为1,则AF →·BD →的值为________.11.已知点F ,A 是椭圆C :x 216+y 212=1的左焦点和上顶点.若点P 是椭圆C 上一动点,则△PAF 周长的最大值为________.12.已知函数f(x)=x 3+x +1,若对任意的x ∈R ,都有f(x 2+a)+f(ax)>2,则实数a 的取值范围是________.13.在△ABC 中,若C =120°,tan A =3tan B ,sin A =λsin B ,则实数λ=________.14.若函数f(x)=ax 2+(a 2+1)x -a(a>0)的一个零点为x 0,则x 0的最大值为________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)已知向量a =(1,m),b =(2,n).(1)若m =3,n =-1,且a ⊥(a +λb ),求实数λ的值;(2)若|a +b|=5,求a·b 的最大值.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在多面体ABCDEF 中,四边形ABCD 为菱形,AC ,BD 相交于点O ,EF ∥AB ,EF =12AB ,平面BCF ⊥平面ABCD ,BF =CF ,点G 为BC 的中点.求证:(1)OG ∥平面ABE ;(2)AC ⊥平面BDE.17.(本小题满分14分)如图,一块地皮OAB ,其中OA ,AB 是直线段,曲线段OB 是抛物线的一部分,且点O 是该抛物线的顶点,OA 所在的直线是该抛物线的对称轴.经测量,OA =2km ,AB =2km ,∠OAB =π4.现要从这块地皮中划一个矩形CDEF 来建造草坪,其中点C 在曲线段OB 上,点D ,E 在直线段OA 上,点F 在直线段AB 上,设CD =a km ,矩形草坪CDEF 的面积为f(a)km 2.(1)求f(a),并写出定义域;(2)当a 为多少时,矩形草坪CDEF 的面积最大?在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,过点P(0,1)且互相垂直的两条直线分别与圆O :x 2+y 2=4交于点A ,B ,与圆M :(x -2)2+(y -1)2=1交于点C ,D.(1)若AB =372,求CD 的长;(2)若CD 的中点为E ,求△ABE 面积的取值范围.19.(本小题满分16分)设定义在R 上的函数f(x)=e x -ax(a ∈R ).(1)求函数f(x)的单调区间;(2)若存在x 0∈[1,+∞),使得f(x 0)<e -a 成立,求实数a 的取值范围;(3)定义:如果实数s ,t ,r 满足|s -t|≤|t -r|,那么s 称t 比更接近r ,对于(2)中的a 及x ≥1,问e x和e x -1+a 哪个更接近ln x ?并说明理由.已知数列{a n}中,a1=-5,a n+1=2a n+8,n∈N*.数列{b n}的前n项和为S n,满足b2n+b2n+1=4S n+25,n∈N*.(1)求数列{a n}的通项公式;(2)数列{b n}能否为等差数列?若能,求其通项公式;若不能,请说明理由;(3)若数列{b n}是各项均为正整数的递增数列,设c n=a n+b n,则当c r,c s,c t和4r,s,t(r<s<t)均成等差数列时,求正整数r,s,t的值.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(四)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知全集U =R ,集合A ={x|-1≤x ≤3},集合B ={x|log 2(x -2)<1},则A ∩(∁U B)=________.2.已知复数(a +i)(1+2i)是纯虚数(i 是虚数单位),则实数a =________.3.从1,2,3,4这四个数中一次随机取两个数,则两个数的和是偶数的概率为________.4.现有采用系统抽样的方法,从1000人中抽取50人做问卷调查,为此,将他们随机编号为1,2,3,…,1000,分组后,已知第一组中采用抽签法抽到的号码为8.若编号在区间[1,400]上的人数做问卷A;编号在区间[401,750]上的人数做问卷B ;其余的人做问卷C ,则做问卷C 的人数是________.5.如图是一个算法的流程图,则输出的S 的值是________.6.设点P 是双曲线x 2a 2-y 2b2=1(a>0,b>0)与圆x 2+y 2=a 2+b 2在第一象限的交点,其中F 1,F 2分别是双曲线的左、右焦点,且PF 1=2PF 2,则双曲线的离心率为________.7.将一个半径为1的小铁球与1个底面周长为2π,高为4的铁制圆柱重新锻造成一个大铁球,则该大铁球的表面积为________.8.已知函数f(x)=sin(x +φ)+3cos(x +φ),0≤φ≤π.若f(x)是奇函数,则f(π6)的值为________.9.已知等比数列{a n 项和为S n ,a 1=1,且S 1,2S 2,3S 3成等差数列,则a 3的值是________.10.已知函数f(x)x -x ,x>1,,x ≤1,则不等式f(x)<f(2x )的解集是________.11.在△ABC 中,若AB =3,AC =2,BC →=3BD →,AB →·AD →=7,则△ABC 的面积为________.12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知圆心分别为A(14,92),B(17,76),C(19,84)的三个圆半径相同,直线l 过点B ,且位于l 同侧的三个圆各部分的面积之和等于另一侧三个圆各部分的面积之和,则直线l 的斜率的取值集合为________.13.若正实数a ,b ,c 满足a(a +b +c)=bc ,则a b +c 的最大值为________.14.已知函数f(x)-|x|,x ≤2,x -2)2,x>2,函数g(x)=3-f(2-x),则函数y =f(x)-g(x)的零点的个数为________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥PABCD 中,底面ABCD 是平行四边形,平面ABP ⊥平面BCP ,∠APB =90°,BP =BC ,点M 为PC 的中点.求证:(1)直线AP ∥平面BDM ;(2)直线BM ⊥平面ACP.16.(本小题满分14分)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知sin C 2=104.(1)求cos(C +π6)的值;(2)若△ABC 的面积为3154,且sin 2A +sin 2B =1316sin 2C ,求c 的值.如图,圆O 是一半径为10米的圆形草坪,为了满足周边市民跳广场舞的需要,现规划在草坪上建一个广场,广场形状如图中虚线部分所示的曲边四边形,其中A ,B 两点在圆O 上,A ,B ,C ,D 恰是一个正方形的四个顶点.根据规划要求,在A ,B ,C ,D 四点处安装四盏照明设备,从圆心O 点出发,在地下铺设4条到A ,B ,C ,D 四点线路OA ,OB ,OC ,OD.(1)若正方形边长为10米,求广场的面积;(2)求铺设的4条线路OA ,OB ,OC ,OD 总长度的最小值.18.(本小题满分16分)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a>b>0)的离心率为12,焦距为2.(1)求椭圆的标准方程;(2)若直线l :y =kx +m(k ,m ∈R )与椭圆C 相交于A ,B 两点,且k OA k OB =-34;①求证:△AOB 的面积为定值;②椭圆C 上是否存在一点P ,使得四边形OAPB 为平行四边形?若存在,求出点P 的横坐标的取值范围;若不存在,请说明理由.已知数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,且满足S n =2a n -2;数列{b n }的前n 项和为T n ,且满足b 1=1,b 2=2,T n T n +1=b n b n +2.(1)求数列{a n },{b n }的通项公式;(2)是否存在正整数n ,使得a n +b n +1a n -b n +1恰为数列{b n }中的一项?若存在,求所有满足要求的b n ;若不存在,请说明理由.20.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f(x)=x 2+ax ,g(x)=ln x +b ,a ,b ∈R ,且f(x)的最小值为f(g′(1)).(1)求a 的值;(2)若不等式bf(x)≤xg(x)对任意x ∈1e ,e 2恒成立,其中e 是自然对数的底数,求b 的取值范围;(3)设曲线y =f(x)与曲线y =g(x)交于点P(x 0,y 0)(x 0>1),且两曲线在点P 处的切线分别为l 1,l 2.试判断l 1,l 2与x 轴是否能围成等腰三角形?若能,确定所围成的等腰三角形的个数;若不能,请说明理由.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(五)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知集合A={(x,y)|y=ln x},B={(x,y)|x=a}.若A∩B=∅,则实数a的取值范围是________.2.某工厂甲、乙、丙三个车间生产同一种产品,数量分别为120件,90件,60件.为了解它们的产品质量是否有显著差异,用分层抽样方法抽取了一个容量为n的样本进行调查,其中从丙车间的产品中抽取了4件,则n=________.3.“实数a=1”是“复数(1+ai)i(a∈R,i为虚数单位)的模为2”的________条件.(选填“充分不必要”“必要不充分”“充分必要”或“既不充分也不必要”)4.某程序框图如图所示,则该程序运行后输出的s=________.5.已知一个圆锥的底面积为2π,侧面积为4π,则该圆锥的体积为________.6.函数f(x)=-x2+3x+4,则任取一点x0∈[-3,7],使得f(x0)≥0的概率为________.7.若曲线f(x)=xcos x+1在x=0处的切线与直线ax-2y+1=0互相垂直,则实数a=________.8.已知点P(1,0)到双曲线C:x2a2-y2b2=1(a>0,b>0)的一条渐近线的距离为12,则双曲线C的离心率为________.9.已知sin(α+β)+2sin(α-β)=0,且tanβ=3.若α∈(0,π),则α=________.10.设数列{lg a n}是公差为1的等差数列,其前n项和为S n S11则a2的值为________.11.已知关于x的一元二次不等式ax2+2x+b≤0且a>b,则a-ba2+b2的最大值为________.12.已知圆C:(x-4)2+(y-4)2=4,且A(a,0),B(0,a)(a>0).若对于圆C上任意一点P,∠APB均为锐角,则a的取值范围是________.13.如图,在圆O中,已知弦AB=4,点M是弦BC的中点.若AO→·AM→=5,则弦AC的长为________.14.已知函数f(x)=52-2x (x<0)与g(x)=log 4(x -a)的图象上存在关于点(1,1)对称的点,则实数a 的取值范围是________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)已知函数f(x)=2sin(ωx +φ)(ω>0,-π2<φ<π2),其图象关于点(5π8,0)对称,且对于任意的x ∈R ,都有f(x)≤f(3π8),同时f(x)在(3π8,5π8)上不存在最小值.(1)求函数f(x)的解析式并写出函数的单调增区间;(2)若f(α)=65,且π8<α<3π8,求f(π8+α)的值.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥PABCD 中,底面ABCD 是矩形,PA ⊥平面ABCD ,PA =AD ,点F 是PD 中点,点E 是DC 边上的任意一点.(1)当EF ∥平面PAC 时,求证:点E 为DC 边的中点;(2)求证:无论点E 在DC 边的何处,都有AF ⊥EF.如图,某城市有一条公路从正西方的A 点沿AO 通过市中心O 后转向东偏北α角方向的OB.位于该市的某大学M 与市中心O 的距离OM =313km ,且∠AOM =β.现要修筑一条铁路L ,L 在OA 上设一站A ,在OB 上设一站B ,铁路在AB 部分为直线段,且经过大学M.其中tan α=2,cos β=313,AO =15km.(1)求大学M 与站A 的距离;(2)求铁路AB 段的长.18.(本小题满分16分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 21(a>b>0)的离心率为32,点A ,B 分别为椭圆C 的上顶点、右顶点,过坐标原点的直线交椭圆C 于D ,E 两点,交AB 于M 点,其中点E 在第一象限,设直线DE 的斜率为k.(1)当k =12时,求证:直线DE 平分线段AB ;(2)已知点A(0,1),①若S ΔADM =6S ΔAEM ,求k 的值;②求四边形ADBE 面积的最大值.已知单调递增数列{a n }满足a 2n =4S n -2a n +15,n ∈N *,且a 1<0,其中S n 为{a n }的前n 项和.(1)求证:数列{a n }为等差数列,并写出其通项公式;(2)设log 2b n =12(a n -1),求使不等式2a n +p a n ≤b n +1+p +8b n成立的正整数n 恰有4个的正整数p 的值;(3)设函数f(x)=x +a n +52x ,A n n 项积,是否存在实数a 使得不等式A n a n +6<f(a)-a n +82a对一切n ∈N *都成立?若存在,求出a 的取值范围;若不存在,请说明理由.20.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f(x)=(2-a)(x -1)-2ln x ,g(x)=xe 1-x .(1)求函数g(x)在区间(0,e]上的值域;(2)是否存在实数a ,对任意给定的x 0∈(0,e],在区间(0,e]上总存在两个不同的x i (i=1,2),使得f(x i )=g(x 0)成立?若存在,求a 的取值范围;若不存在,请说明理由;(3)给出如下定义:对于函数y =F(x)图象上任意不同的两点A(x 1,y 1),B(x 2,y 2),如果对于函数y =F(x)图象上的点M(x 0,y 0)(x 0=x 1+x 22)总能使得F(x 1)-F(x 2)=F′(x 0)(x 1-x 2)成立,则称函数具备性质“L”.试判断f(x)是否具备性质“L”?2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(六)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知集合M ={1,2,3,5,7},N ={x|x =2k -1,k ∈M},则M ∩N =________.2.若复数z =(x +i)(1+i)是纯虚数,其中x 为实数,i 为虚数单位,则z 的共轭复数z -=________.3.围棋盒子中有多粒黑子和白子,已知从中取出2粒都是黑子的概率为17,都是白子的概率是1235,则从中任意取出2粒恰好是同一色的概率为________.4.某单位有840名职工,现采用系统抽样方法抽取42人做问卷调查,将840人按1,2,…,840随机编号,则抽取的42人中,编号落入区间[481,720]的人数为________.5.下图是一个算法流程图,则输出的x 的值是________.6.若实数x ,y -y ≤2,-y ≥-1,+y ≥1,则目标函数z =2x +y 的最小值为________.7.已知函数f(x)=sin(ωx +π3)(ω>0).若f(π6)=f(π2),且f(x)在区间(π6,π2)内有最大值,无最小值,则ω=________.8.若半径为2的球内切于一个正三棱柱中,则该三棱柱的体积为________.9.在平面直角坐标系中,点A(1,0),B(0,1),点C 在第二象限内.若∠AOC =5π6,OC →=λOA →+μOB →,且|OC →|=2,则λμ=________.10.若实数x ,y 满足x>y>0,且log 2x +log 2y =1,则x 2+y 2x -y 的最小值为________.11.若函数f(x)=|ln|3x -1||在定义域的某个子区间(k -1,k +1)上不具有单调性,则实数k 的取值范围是________.12.若曲线y =aln x 与曲线y =12e x 2在它们的公共点P(s ,t)处具有公共切线,则t s =________.13.已知圆O :x 2+y 2=1,点P(x 0,y 0)是直线l :x +3y -23=0上的动点.若在圆C 上总存在两个不同的点A ,B ,使PA →·PB →=12|PA →|·|PB →|,则x 0的取值范围是________.14.已知点A(5,0)和曲线y =x 24-1(2≤x ≤25)上的点P 1,P 2,…,P n .若P 1A ,P 2A ,…,P n A 成等差数列且公差d ∈(15,15),则n 的最大值为________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)已知函数f(x)=sin(2x +π6)-cos 2x.(1)求f(x)的最小正周期及x ∈π12,2π3时f(x)的值域;(2)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c ,其中角C 满足f(C +π4)=3-24.若S △ABC =3,c =2,求a ,b(a>b)的值.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥PABCD 中,四边形ABCD 为矩形,AB ⊥BP ,点M ,N 分别为AC ,PD 的中点.求证:(1)MN ∥平面ABP ;(2)平面ABP ⊥平面APC 的充要条件是BP ⊥PC.一条形如斜L 型的铁路线MON 在经过某城市O 时转弯而改变方向,测得tan ∠MON =-3,因市内不准建站,故考虑在郊区A ,B 处分别建设东车站与北车站,其中东车站A 建于铁路OM 上,且OA =6km ,北车站B 建于铁路ON 上,同时在两站之间建设一条货运公路,使直线AB 经过货物中转站Q ,已知Q 站与铁路线OM ,ON 的垂直距离分别为2km ,7105km.现以点O 为坐标原点,射线OM 为x 轴的正半轴,建立如图所示的直角坐标系.(1)若一货运汽车以362km/h 的速度从车站A 开往车站B ,不计途中装卸货物时间,则需要多长时间;(2)若在中转站Q 的正北方向6km 有一工厂P ,为了节省开支,产品不经中转站而运至公路上C 处,让货车直接运走,试确定点C 的最佳位置.18.(本小题满分16分)定义:若P 1,P 2是椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a>b>0)上不同的两点,P 1P 2⊥x 轴,圆E 过点P 1,P 2,且椭圆C 上任意一点都不在圆E 内,则称圆E 为该椭圆的一个内切圆.已知椭圆C :x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a>b>0)的离心率e =32,且经过点P(1,32).(1)求椭圆C 的标准方程;(2)试问:椭圆C 是否存在过左焦点F 1的内切圆?若存在,求出圆E 方程;若不存在,请说明理由.(3)若圆F 是过椭圆C 上下顶点A 1,A 2的内切圆,过椭圆C 异于其顶点的任意一点Q 作圆F 的两条切线,切点分别为T ,R(T ,R 不在坐标轴上),直线TR 在x 轴,y 轴上的截距分别为m ,n ,求证:14m 2+1n2为定值.已知在数列{a n}中,a1=0,a n+1=a2n+p(p∈R).(1)当p=2-1时,求证:a2,a3,a4成等差数列;(2)若a2,a3,a4成等比数列,试求实数p的值;(3)当p>1*,使得a k>2018.4时,求证:存在k∈N20.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f(x)=e x-ax2,曲线y=f(x)在x=1处的切线方程为y=bx+1.(1)求a,b的值;(2)求函数f(x)在[0,1]上的最大值;(3)求证:当x>0时,e x+(1-e)x-xln x-1≥0.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(七)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知集合A ={x|4-x 2>0},B ={x|0≤x ≤3,x ∈Z },则A ∩B =________.2.已知复数z =(a -i)(1+i)(a ∈R ,i 为虚数单位)在复平面内对应的点在实轴上,则a =________.3.设向量a =(1,2),b =(2,3).若向量λa +b 与向量c =(-4,-7)共线,则实数λ=________.4.如图是某班8位学生诗朗诵比赛得分的茎叶图,那么这8位学生得分的平均分为________.5.执行如图所示的伪代码,则输出的结果的集合为________.6.已知5瓶饮料中有且仅有2瓶是果汁类饮料.从这5瓶饮料中随机取2瓶,则所取2瓶中至少有一瓶是果汁类饮料的概率为________.7.如图,在正三棱柱ABCA 1B 1C 1中,点D 为棱AA 1的中点.若AA 1=4,AB =2,则四棱锥BACC 1D 的体积为________.8.已知圆C :(x +1)2+(y -3)2=9上存在两点P ,Q 关于直线x +my +4=0对称,则m =________.9.已知圆柱的底面半径为r ,高为h ,体积为2,表面积为12,则1r +1h =________.10.将25个数排成五行五列:a 11a 12a 13a 14a 15a 21a 22a 23a 24a 25a 31a 32a 33a 34a 35a 41a 42a 43a 44a 45a 51a 52a 53a 54a 55已知第一行成等差数列,而每一列都成等比数列,且五个公比全相等.若a 24=4,a 41=-2,a 43=10,则a 11a 55的值为________.11.已知函数f(x),x<2,x ≥2.若方程f(x)-a =0有三个不同的实数根,则实数a 的取值范围是________.12.在平面直角坐标系中,A(0,0),B(1,2)两点绕定点P 顺时针方向旋转θ角后,分别到A ′(4,4),B ′(5,2)两点,则cos θ的值为________.13.已知椭圆x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1(a>b>0)的左、右焦点分别为F 1(-c ,0),F 2(c ,0).若椭圆上存在点P 使a sin ∠PF 1F 2=c sin ∠PF 2F 1,则该椭圆的离心率的取值范围是________.14.若函数f(x)=x -1-aln x(a<0)对任意x 1,x 2∈(0,1],都有|f(x 1)-f(x 2)|≤4|1x 1-1x 2|,则实数a 的取值范围是________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c.已知(2a -c)cos B =bcos C.(1)求角B 的大小;(2)若b =2,a =1,求sin C 的值.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在四棱锥PABCD 中,已知AB ∥CD ,AD =DC =PA =a ,AB =2a.(1)试在线段PB 上找一点M ,使CM ∥平面PAD ,并说明理由;(2)若AD ⊥AB ,BC ⊥PC ,平面PAB ⊥平面ABCD.求证:PA ⊥BC.17.(本小题满分14分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点A ,B 分别是椭圆G :x 24+y 2=1的左、右顶点,P(2,t)(t ∈R ,且t ≠0)为直线x =2上的一个动点,过点P 任意作一条直线l 与椭圆G 交于点C ,D ,直线PO 分别与直线AC ,AD 交于点E ,F.(1)当直线l 恰好经过椭圆G 的右焦点和上顶点时,求t 的值;(2)记直线AC ,AD 的斜率分别为k 1,k 2.①若t =-1,求证:1k 1+1k 2为定值;②求证:四边形AFBE 为平行四边形.18.(本小题满分16分)如图,直立在地面上的两根钢管AB 和CD ,AB =103m ,CD =33m ,现用钢丝绳对这两根钢管进行加固.(1)如图1设两根钢管相距1m ,在AB 上取一点E ,以C 为支点将钢丝绳拉直并固定在地面的F 处,形成一个直线型的加固(图中虚线所示),则BE 多长时所用钢丝绳最短?(2)如图2设两根钢管相距33m ,在AB 上取一点E ,以C 为支点将钢丝绳拉直并固定在地面的F 处,再将钢丝绳依次拉直固定在D 处、B 处和E 处,形成一个三角形型的加固(图中虚线所示),则BE 多长时所用钢丝绳最短?19.(本小题满分16分)已知函数f(x)=2ln x+x2-ax,a∈R.(1)若函数y=f(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递增,求实数a的取值范围;(2)若a=e,解不等式:f(x)<2;(3)求证:当a>4时,函数y=f(x)只有一个零点.20.(本小题满分16分)已知正整数λ,μ为常数,且λ≠1,无穷数列{a n}的各项均为正整数,其前n项和为S n,且S n=λa n-μ,n∈N*,记数列{a n}中任意不同两项的和构成的集合为A.(1)求证:数列{a n}为等比数列,并求λ的值;(2)若2015∈A,求μ的值;(3)已知n≥1,求集合B n={x|3μ·2n-1<x<3μ·2n,x∈A}中元素的个数.2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(八)数学(满分160分,考试时间120分钟)一、填空题:本大题共14小题,每小题5分,共70分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接写在指定位置上.1.已知集合A ={1,2,3,4},B ={x|x 2-x -2>0},则A ∩B =________.2.已知复数z =3-2i i 2017(i 是虚数单位),则复数z 所对应的点的坐标为________.3.若样本2a 1+2018,2a 2+2018,2a 3+2018的方差是8,则样本a 1,a 2,a 3的标准差是____.4.已知双曲线x 2a 2-y 2b2=1(a>0,b>0),若以其焦点为圆心,半实轴长为半径的圆与其渐近线相切,则其渐近线方程为________.5.已知实数x ∈[1,8],执行如图所示的流程图,则输出的x 不小于55的概率为________.6.设函数f(x)=2sin(ωx +φ)(ω>0).若f(π3)=0,f(π2)=2,则实数ωmin =________.7.若曲线y 1=sin x 在x =0处的切线与曲线y 2=ln x -x +a 相切,则实数a =________.8.若S n 为正数数列{a n }的前n 项和,且满足a 2=2,S n +1=a n +12a nS n +a n +1,则a 3与a 5的等比中项为________.9.在梯形ABCD 中,∠ABC =π2,AD ∥BC ,BC =2AD =2AB =2.将梯形ABCD 绕AD 所在的直线旋转一周而形成的曲面所围成的几何体的体积为________.10.在△ABC 中,内角A ,B ,C 所对应的边分别为a ,b ,c.若b =2,且3a =23cos C -csin B ,则△ABC 的面积的最大值为________.11.已知椭圆x 2a 2+y 2b2=1(a>b>0)的左、右焦点分别是F 1,F 2,过点F 1作倾斜角为45°的直线与椭圆的一个交点为M.若MF 2垂直于x 轴,则椭圆的离心率为________.12.已知正数x ,y 满足(1+2x)(1+y)=2,则2xy +12xy的最小值为__________.13.如图,在梯形ABCD 中,AB ∥CD ,AB =6,AD =DC =2.若AC →·BD →=-12,则AD →·BC→=________.14.设函数f(x)=x 2-2x +1+aln x .若导函数y =f′(x)有两个零点x 1,x 2(x 1<x 2),则f(x 2)的取值范围是________.二、解答题:本大题共6小题,共90分.解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.(本小题满分14分)如图,在xOy 平面上,点A(1,0),点B 在单位圆上,∠AOB =θ(0<θ<π).(1)若点B(-35,45),求tan(θ2+π4)的值;(2)若OA →+OB →=OC →,四边形OACB 的面积用S θ表示,求S θ+OA →·OC →的取值范围.16.(本小题满分14分)如图,在直三棱柱ABCA 1B 1C 1中,AC ⊥BC ,A 1B 与AB 1交于点D ,A 1C 与AC 1交于点E.求证:(1)DE ∥平面B 1BCC 1;(2)平面A 1BC ⊥平面A 1ACC 1.17.(本小题满分14分)为制作广告牌,需在如图所示的铁片上切割出一个直角梯形,已知铁片由半径为1的半圆O及等腰直角三角形EFH两部分组成,其中FE⊥FH.为裁剪出面积尽可能大的梯形铁片ABCD(不计损耗),将点A,B放在弧EF上,点C,D放在斜边EH上,且AD∥BC∥HF,设∠AOE=θ.(1)求梯形铁片ABCD的面积S关于θ的函数关系式;(2)试确定θ的值,使得梯形铁片ABCD的面积S最大,并求出最大值.18.(本小题满分16分)在平面直角坐标系中,椭圆C:x2a2+y2b2=1(a>b>0)过点(52,32),离心率为255.(1)求椭圆C的标准方程;(2)过点K(2,0)作一直线与椭圆C交于A,B两点,过A,B点作椭圆右准线的垂线,垂足分别为A1,B1.试问直线AB1与A1B的交点是否为定点,若是,求出定点坐标;若不是,请说明理由.。
___2018届高三年级十六模考试语文试卷(含详细答案)

___2018届高三年级十六模考试语文试卷(含详细答案)___2018届高三年级十六模考试语文试卷本试卷总分150分,考试时间为150分钟。
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一、现代文阅读(35分)一)论述类文本阅读(9分)阅读以下文字,完成1~3题。
北宋哲学家___曾说过:“为天地立心,为生民立命,为往___绝学,为万世开太平。
”这不仅是先贤圣道,也隐喻着家国大义。
因此,家国情怀一直是中国古典诗词中不可或缺的主题。
在诗词中,家国既有“边塞情怀”,也有“忧国忧民”。
边塞情怀”最能代表的就是盛唐时期的四大边塞诗人___、___、___、高适。
他们开启了中国边塞诗词的巅峰之门。
___的《出塞》以汉将___的英雄气概为灵感,句句宣誓,字字慷慨,表达了盛唐人___的决心。
___的诗作虽不多,但《凉州词》的余音绕梁,特别是那两句“羌笛何须怨___,春风不度玉门关”,更是让人难以忘怀。
羌笛与___,春风与玉门关,离家已经增添几分忧思,而更令人担忧的是,面对这茫茫荒漠,甚至连表达思念的杨柳枝都找不到。
玉门关自古就是边塞情绪的象征,诗人将其置于此,更显回乡之路漫长悠远。
虽然有忧愁,但比忧愁更强烈的是慷慨,乡愁之上,还有家国荣誉,这远远高于个人悲情。
边塞将士们的坦荡着实令人叹服。
因此,我们不难理解,___的《凉州词》为何哀而不伤、怨而不怒、悲壮却不凄凉。
忧国忧民”诗词则反映了国家和人民在争战中所经历的苦难。
忧国,既有___的“捐躯赴国难,视死如归”,也有___的“了却___下事,赢得生前身后名”,还有___的“人生自古谁无死,留取___”。
在“捐躯赴国难”的旗帜下,___写下了《破阵子》,表达了他的热血和豪情。
___临终前留下的“___北定中原日,家祭无忘告乃翁”更是充满了期待。
忧民方面,___的情感最为深刻。
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(ⅰ)当y0=0时,则直线PQ的方程为x=或x=-.
当x=时,P(,),Q(,-).
因为·=0,所以OP⊥OQ.
当x=-时,同理可得OP⊥OQ.(10分)
所以×≤25,解得v≥.(9分)
②当5<vt≤13,即<t≤时,
f(t)=(vt-1-6t)2+9=(v-6)2+9.
因为v>8,所以<,(v-6)2>0,
所以当t=时,f(t)取最大值,
所以(v-6)2+9≤25,解得≤v≤.(13分)
③当13≤vt≤16,≤t≤时,f(t)=(12-6t)2+(16-vt)2,
由题可知|-|≤,(2分)
解得≤v≤.(4分)
(2) (解法1)经过t小时,甲、乙之间的距离的平方为f(t).
由于先乙到达D地,故<2,即v>8.(6分)
①当0<vt≤5,即0<t≤时,
f(t)=(6t)2+(vt)2-2×6t×vt×cos∠DAB
=t2.
因为v2-v+36>0,所以当t=时,f(t)取最大值,
所以切线方程为y=±(x-).(4分)
把切线方程y=(x-)代入椭圆C的方程,消去y得5x2-8x+6=0.
设P(x1,y1),Q(x2,y2),则有x1+x2=.
由椭圆定义可得,PQ=PF+FQ=2a-e(x1+x2)=2×-×=.(6分)
因为O到直线PQ的距离为,所以△OPQ的面积为.
因为椭圆的对称性,当切线方程为y=-(x-)时,△OPQ的面积也为.
9.4解析:由题意知T=,则A,B,而OA⊥OB,则×-3=0,即π=2ω,得T===4.本题考查三角函数的图象与性质,向量数量积的坐标运算等内容.本题属于容易题.
10.[-1,3]解析:当x≥0时,f(x)=2x-2,当x<0时,f(x)=2-x-2,不等式f(x)≤2得-2≤x≤2,则不等式f(x-1)≤2得-2≤x-1≤2,得-1≤x≤3.本题考查了函数的图象与性质,以及整体思想的运用.本题属于容易题.
15.解:(1)因为m·n=3bcosB,所以acosC+ccosA=3bcosB.
由正弦定理,得sinAcosC+sinCcosA=3sinBcosB,(3分)
所以sin(A+C)=3sinBcosB,所以sinB=3sinBcosB.
因为B是△ABC的内角,所以sinB≠0,所以cosB=.(7分)
因为AD 平面ABC,所以BB1⊥AD.(4分)
因为BC∩BB1=B,BC 平面BCC1B1,BB1 平面BCC1B1,
所以AD⊥平面BCC1B1.
因为AD 平面ADC1,
所以平面ADC1⊥平面BCC1B1.(6分)
(2)解:连结A1C,交AC1于O,连结OD,所以O为AC1中点.(8分)
因为A1B∥平面ADC1,A1B 平面A1BC,平面ADC1∩平面A1BC=OD,
4.解析:从5个球中随机取出两个球的基本事件数为10,取出的两球中恰有一个红球的基本事件数为6,则取出的两球中恰有一个红球的概率是.本题考查古典概型,属于容易题.
5.8解析:由流程图知执行第一次循环体时I=4,S=4,执行第二次循环体I=6,S=24,执行第三次循环体I=8,S=192,此时退出循环.本题考查流程图基本知识.本题属于容易题.
由于+≤25,所以+≤对任意0<t≤都成立,
所以+≤v2,解得v≥.(9分)
13.解析:该题利用数形结合的方法去解决,y=的图象利用导数画出草图,该函数在x=2处取到最大值,结合f(x)的草图分析,对于y=-x-1的函数值为时,得到x=-,所以-<a<2.本题考查了分段函数,利用导数求最值等内容,以及数形结合思想处理函数问题.本题属于难题.
14.解析:把2x2+xy-y2=1变为(x+y)(2x-y)=1,令2x-y=t,x+y=,由此解得x=,y=,把x,y代入得:原式===,+≥2或+≤-2,所以原式的最大值为.本题考查了代数式的变形,利用基本不等式求最值.本题属于难题.
11.解析:因为·=·(-+)=-2-·=-3,所以·=.本题考查向量的线性表示,以及向量数量积的运算法则.本题属于容易题.
12.3解析:根据题意,圆M与以N为圆心的圆的位置关系是内切或内含.则dMN≤dON-1,即1≤dON-1.所以dON≥2恒成立.因为N在圆M上运动,所以dON的最小值为dOM-1,即dOM-1≥2,所以≥3,解得a≥3,所以a的最小值为3.本题考查了圆与圆的位置关系,一元二次不等式解法,以及数形结合思想的运用.本题属于中等题.
6.①④解析:①是面面平行的性质(课本上例题)的应用.α∥β,l⊥αl⊥βl⊥m,命题正确;②α⊥β,l⊥αl、m可平行,可相交,可异面,命题错误;③m∥α,l⊥αl⊥ml与β可平行,l可在β内,l可与β相交,命题错误;④l⊥β、l⊥αβ∥αm∥α,命题正确.本题考查面面平行,线面平行,面面垂直,线面垂直的性质.本题属于容易题.
7.4解析:由Sn=2an-2,Sn-1=2an-1-2(n≥2),相减,化简得an=2an-1,则数列{an}为公比是2的等比数列.则=4.本题考查Sn与an的关系,等比数列的定义以及项之间的关系.本题属于容易题.
8.解析:由题意知F(-c,0),线段PF的中点坐标为(0,b),则P(c,2b),代入双曲线方程并整理得-=1,即e=.本题考查双曲线的焦点,中点公式、虚轴等概念.本题属于容易题.
将直线PQ方程代入椭圆方程,得(1+2k2)x2+4kmx+2m2-6=0.
设P(x1,y1),Q(x2,y2),则有
x1+x2=-,x1x2=.(12分)
因为·=x1x2+y1y2=x1x2+(kx1+m)(kx2+m)=(1+k2)x1x2+km(x1+x2)+m2=(1+k2)×+km×+m2.
由方程组
解得或
所以点P,Q的坐标分别为,,
所以PQ=.(6分)
因为O到直线PQ的距离为,所以△OPQ的面积为.
因为椭圆的对称性,当切线方程为y=-(x-)时,△OPQ的面积也为.
综上所述,△OPQ的面积为.(8分)
(解法2)椭圆C的右焦点F(,0).
设切线方程为y=k(x-),即kx-y-k=0,
所以=,解得k=±,
综上所述,△OPQ的面积为.(8分)
②证明:(证法1)(ⅰ)若直线PQ的斜率不存在,则直线PQ的方程为x=或x=-.
当x=时,P(,),Q(,-).
因为·=0,所以OP⊥OQ.
当x=-时,同理可得OP⊥OQ.(10分)
(ⅱ)若直线PQ的斜率存在,设直线PQ的方程为y=kx+m,即kx-y+m=0.
因为直线与圆相切,所以=,即m2=2k2+2.
(ⅱ)当y0≠0时,由方程组
消去y得(2x+y)x2-8x0x+8-6y=0.
设P(x1,y1),Q(x2,y2),则有
x1+x2=,x1x2=.(12分)
所以·=x1x2+y1y2=x1x2+=.
因为x+y=2,代入上式可得·=0,所以OP⊥OQ.
综上所述,OP⊥OQ.(14分)
18.解:(1)由题意,可得AD=12千米.
所以A1B∥OD.(12分)
因为O为AC1中点,所以D为BC中点,所以=1.(14分)
17.(1)解:由题意,得=,+=1,
解得a2=6,b2=3.
所以椭圆的方程为+=1.(2分)
(2)①解:(解法1)椭圆C的右焦点F(,0).
设切线方程为y=k(x-),即kx-y-k=0,
所以=,解得k=±,
所以切线方程为y=±(x-).(4分)
因为12-6t>0,16-vt>0,所以当f(t)在上递减,所以当t=时,f(t)取最大值,
+≤25,解得≤v≤.
因为v>8,所以8<v≤.(16分)
(解法2)设经过t小时,甲、乙之间的距离的平方为f(t).
由于先乙到达D地,故<2,即v>8.(6分)
以A点为原点,AD为x轴建立直角坐标系,
①当0<vt≤5时,f(t)=+.
(2)因为a,b,c成等比数列,所以b2=ac.
由正弦定理,得sin2B=sinA·sinC.(9分)
因为cosB=,B是△ABC的内角,所以sinB=.(11分)
又+=+======.(14分)
16.(1)证明:因为AB=AC,点D为BC中点,所以AD⊥BC.(2分)
因为ABCA1B1C1是直三棱柱,所以BB1⊥平面ABC.
1.5解析:M∪(∁UM)=U,则a=5.本题主要考查集合的运算.本题属于容易题.
2.3-i解析:z===3+i,z的共轭复数是3-i.本题主要考查复数的概念及四则运算等基础知识.本题属于容易题.
3.0.02解析:由数据可知:甲选手成绩最稳定.甲选手的平均成绩为10,则它的方差为0.02.本题考查了平均数及方差的概念及计算公式.本题属于容易题.