人教版高中英语选修7Unit 3 Section Ⅰ新知感悟与巩固

鲸鱼的祖先曾经是陆上动物，你知道它们是如何进化成现在这个样子的吗？The whale’s voyageStrange as it may seem，modern whales were not always at home in the water.Their ancestors lived on land.Scientists have discovered new details about their ancestors and close relatives.The journey whales made from land to water began about 50 million years ago.The dinosaurs had already disappeared.But many ancient mammals survived the extinction.The mammals were warm-blooded.They had fur or hair to keep them warm，and they produced milk to nurse their young.Some of these ancient mammals began to wander along muddy shores and explore the water.They were probably searching for food.The ability to find new kinds of food in the water or live in a new environment gave these land animals an advantage.Over time their bodies gradually adapted to an aquatic(水生的) life：Arms changed into flippers(鳍状肢)．Back legs got smaller and eventually disappeared.By about 10 million years later，several species of these mammals had become fully aquatic.The newly aquatic mammals kept some characteristics from their ancestors’ lives on land.For example，they remained warm­blooded，unlike fish.But they developed other features well suited to sea life.They lost most of their hair，which made their bodies more streamlined(流线型的) for swimming.They continued to breathe oxygen from the air，just like land animals.But their nostrils(鼻孔) gradually moved toward the top of the head, becoming blowholes.Fossils provided clues to the whales’past.The secret was locked in the skulls of their four­legged ancestors.Scientists found features similar to those of modern whales.Examining early whales revealed another clue.These whales had tiny legs，too small to be useful for walking.But their anklebones were like those of today’s two-toed hoofed(有蹄的)mammals—sheep，camels，deer，pigs, and hippos(河马)．To determine which of the hoofed mammals are most closely related to whales，scientists also examined their DNA.Scientists soon found whale’s nearest relative：the hippo!Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading—ComprehendingⅠ重点单词[基础单词]1．anecdote n．轶事；奇闻2．accommodation n. 住所；住宿3．shore n. 岸；海滨4．opposite prep. 在……对面adj. 相对的；相反的5．abandon v t. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃6．witness v t. 当场见到；目击n. 目击者；证人；证据7．teamwork n. 协作；配合8．shark n. 鲨鱼9．relationship n. 关系；血缘关系；交往10．pause v i.&n. 暂停；中止11．flee v i. 逃避；逃跑v t. 逃离[拓展词汇]12．annual adj.每年的；按年度计算的n．年刊；年鉴→annually ad v.每年；按年度计算13．depth n．深(度)；深处→deep adj.深的ad v.深地→deeply ad v.深深地14．urge v t.催促；极力主张；驱策→urgency n．紧急；迫切；强求；催促→urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的；强求的；催促的Ⅱ重点短语1．at the beginning of在……开始时2．hear of/about 听说3．sort out 整理4．ahead of 在……前面5．race after 追赶6．in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时7．hold up 举起8．help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难Ⅲ重点句型1．It was a time when...那是一个……时期It was a time when(那是一个……时期)the killer whales，or“killers”as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.2．be about to do sth.正要做某事This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt(猎鲸行动马上就要开始)．3．see sb.being done看到某人正在被……It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James, and when we approached him，I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom(看到老汤姆正在水中稳稳地托着詹姆斯)．ⅠRead the text and choose the main idea of the text.1．The text is mainly about .A．the killer whales are easily trainedB．the killer whales can help the whalers catch the huge whalesC．the killer whales kill the whales for their foodD．the killer whales drag the whales under the water答案：B2．Read the text and find out the correct name to each blank.(1) was 16 years of age when he went to work at the whaling station.(2) ordered Clancy to go to the boat as there was a whale out there in the bay.(3) was swimming by the boat，showing the whalers the way.(4) told Clancy that they would return the next day to bring in the body of the whale.(5) was carried by the waves further and further away from the whalers.(6) knew that Old Tom would protect James.答案：(1)Clancy(2)George(3)Old Tom(4)Jack(5)James(6)RedⅡRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1．What happened to James after he was washed off the boat?A．He got hurt by a shark.B．He was abandoned by the other whalers and felt terrified.C．He dropped his hope and was nearly dying.D．He was held up in the water by Old Tom and rescued.2．Why did George beat the water with his oar?A．To frighten the whales away.B．To call back Old Tom to lead the way.C．To attract the attention of huge whales.D．To send signals to other whales.3．We can infer from the text that .A．the killer whales may be trained by the whalersB．the killer whales want to help man catch the whales themselvesC．the killer whales need no training for helping the whalersD．the killer whales want to eat the whales after killing them4．What does the word “it”in the sentence “He let it go and the harpoon hit the spot.”refer to?A．The whale. B．The boat.C．The harpoon. D．The killer.答案：1～4.DBACⅢAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1．It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers”as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.[尝试翻译]那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。