2008年高考文基试题及参考答案(广东卷B)
2008年高考英语试题及参考答案(广东卷B)
2008年高考英语试题及参考答案（广东卷B）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Importance of keeping A Good Mood. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1. 人们每天都生活在压力之下2. 所以说保持一个好的心情是十分重要的3. 我的观点和原因Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Gulf Wracked By Katrina's Latest Legacy-Disease, Poisons, MoldA month after Hurricane Katrina tore through the U.S. Gulf Coast, medical experts are now struggling with the latest crisis in the region; contamination(污染).Katrina left New Orleans and other communities tainted with oil, sewage, and possibly poisons leached from federal toxic waste sites, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) says.The pollution, combined with the lack of regular medical services in the region, has raised serious questions about the safety of New Orleans and other coastal towns as people longing for home begin to go back."I don't think New Orleans is safe for people to return to, from a public health and environmental health standpoint," said Miriam Aschkenasy, an environmental health expert working with Oxfam America in the region.Much of the contamination rests in the brown, filmy sediment(沉淀物) left behind by Katrina's polluted floodwaters.Recent EPA tests of the sediment confirmed high levels of E. coli bacteria, oil and gas chemicals, and lead, as well as varying quantities of arsenic.The health risks posed by the sediment are immediate, experts say, because the sludge(淤泥) is nearly impossible for returningresidents to avoid. In New Orleans, it covers every surface that was flooded, from cars and now-dead lawns to the entire contents of flooded homes, stores, hospitals, and schools."When people come back, they are exposed to the sediment," said Wilma Subra, a chemist from New Iberia, Louisiana, who is analyzing the sediment. "It's in their yards and houses."Old Pollution ResurfacingPlaquemines Parish, a rural county on the peninsula south of New Orleans, is now covered with even more toxic sediment than it was two weeks ago, thanks to Hurricane Rita."Six inches up to one foot (15 to 30 centimeters) of sludge," Subra reported.Much of the sludge in Plaquemines is the product of nearby bayous and bay bottoms, where sediment was lifted up by Katrina's and Rita's storm surges.The sediment has been polluted over the years with industrial chemicals and heavy metals, said Subra, who tested the sediment for the Southern Mutual Help Association, a nonprofit organization in New Iberia, Louisiana."These water bodies have received industrial wastes for decades," she said. "This material has toxic chemicals, metals, and organic petrochemicals(石化产品)."Matters have only been made worse by multiple oil spills caused by Katrina and Rita. According to the U.S. Coast Guard, 11 oil spills have occurred in southern Louisiana, totaling 7.4 million gallons (28 million liters) of oil, most of which has been contained.Bacteria levels are also especially high in the Plaquemines sludge, said Rodney Mallett, spokesperson for the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality."The sewage treatment plants were underwater," he explained. "Between the animal waste and the human waste, you've got a lot of bacteria."Protection KitsHealth and environmental agencies are advising people to avoid contact with the sludge. They recommend that people wear gloves, goggles, and dust masks, and that they wash promptly if exposure occurs.EPA officials are directing people to its Web site () to inform themselves of the contamination risks.But most people returning to the area don't have computers to get that information, said Erik Olson, an attorney for the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental advocacy group."If you [do] read the Web site," he added, "you practically have to have a degree in chemistry to understand it."To better inform people of health risks, the Southern Mutual Help Association and Oxfam America are developing a program to give every returning resident a protective kit.Each kit would contain waterproof suits, goggles(风镜), shoe covers, and masks, along with information about potential hazards, Volunteers would give out the kits at the security checkpoints that now stand at the major entrances to affected cities.The groups have made a hundred demonstration kits, which cost about $100 (U.S.) each to produce, and have shown them to state leaders in Louisiana."The governor is really in favor of this," Subra said. "We just have to determine how we're going to fund them."Toxic Mold BloomsIn addition to the toxic sediment, sprawling blooms of mold have now taken hold in many flooded homes. "The mold is growing everywhere-homes are just coated with it," Subra said.The problem has become so widespread that federal health officials warned Wednesday of allergic reactions and toxic responses to the mold. Professionals should be hired to clean mold that covers more than ten square feet (one square meter), they urged."Those [surfaces] that can't be cleaned need to be removed," said Steven Redd, chief of the Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).The effects of the mold are already surfacing in Mississippi, where respiratory(呼吸的) problems are among the illnesses doctors there are reporting."We're seeing a lot of asthma from inhaling the mold," said Richard Paat, team leader of a temporary East Biloxi clinic. "And mouth sores from the bad water."Due to contact with unclean water, 33 people in the flood zone have contracted Vibrio infections, according to the CDC. The infections are caused by a family of bacteria that live in contaminated salt water. They can cause serious illness, especially in people with compromised immune systems.To date, six people have died from Vibrio infections."People had open wound and walked through floodwater with sewage in it," CDC spokesperson Von Roebuck said. "And these folks were having these wounds infected with Vibrio."Disaster Response Care"This is a highly contaminated area," said Susan Briggs, the physician overseeing FEMA's disaster-response medical teams in Louisiana and Alabama.Her teams have been inoculating residents for tetanus and Hepatitis A and B. Hepatitis is a danger when people are exposed tosewage, through water or food, Briggs explained. Tetanus can occur when people cut themselves on unclean materials, as may happen when cleaning debris.The rudimentary(根本的) living conditions in many Katrina-struck areas make it more likely that people will get sick and injured, Briggs said."They have no electricity, no clean water, no air conditioning," she said. "There are collapsed structures and stray animals. There are huge amounts of stray dogs, and people have been bitten."Briggs and other doctors in the area have been treating many cases of diarrhea, rashes, and upper-respiratory illnesses.All of these conditions are to be expected after natural disasters, according to the CDC. But it's too soon to know if these ailments are related to contamination, the CDC's Roebuck said."We're looking at that question," he said. "We'd like to know the answer."1. The passage gives a description of the contamination in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina.2. Katrina left New Orleans and other communities tainted with oil and sewage.3. Plaquemines Parish is now covered with even more toxic sediment that it was two weeks ago.4. People are being advised to avoid contact with the sludge by health and environmental agencies.5. The Southern Mutual Help Association and Oxfam America are developing a program to sell every returning resident a protective kit.6. The conditions in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina is special.7. In addition to the toxic sediment, sprawling blooms of mold have now taken hold in many flooded homes, and it is growing everywhere.8. To date, six people have died from?________.9. The rudimentary living conditions in many Katrina-struck areas make it more likely that people will get________.10. All of these conditions are to be expected after________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. [A] She refuses to go to dinner.[B] She agrees to go to dinner.[C] She is angry.[D] She is surprised.12. [A] She learns English quickly.[B] Her English isn't very good.[C] Her English is very good.[D] She learns new sentences slowly.13. [A] At a bank.[B] At an inn.[C] On the river side.[D] On a basketball field.14. [A] Go to Paris again.[B] Live in Paris.[C] Go somewhere else.[D] Difficult to say.15. [A] Peter likes to do physical exercise.[B] Peter is absent-minded in class.[C] Peter is a naughty boy.[D] Peter usually walks to class.16. [A] A driving test.[B] A traffic accident.[C] A police movie.[D] The best way to make signals.17. [A] Her sister is a fashionable woman.[B] Her sister is designing a dress.[C] Her sister is studying Spanish.[D] Her sister is in the Philippines.18. [A] She is going to see a movie.[B] She wants to see her friend.[C] She is going to see a film that she has seen before.[D] She is going to find out some information about the film.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] A desire to express oneself and display one's wealth.[B] Individual taste and love for beauty.[C] Love for beauty and a desire to impress other people.[D] Individual taste and a desire to express oneself.20. [A] They may be homesick and feel insecure.[B] They are either cold or very sick.[C] They may try to attract other people's attention.[D] They want to protect themselves from physical injuries.21. [A] Green.[B] Yellow.[C] Red.[D] Grey.22. [A] Reporter and fashion designer.[B] Husband and wife.[C] Shop assistant and customer.[D] Teacher and student.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. [A] She felt embarrassed in class.[B] Her presentation received a poor grade.[C] She had not completed her assignment.[D] She was unable to attend her psychology class.24. [A] She'd be able to leave quickly.[B] She'd be less nervous.[C] She'd be able to locate where the man was seated.[D] She'd know when her professor arrived.25. [A] They blush more readily than women do.[B] They're uncomfortable when performing in front of adults.[C] They don't respond to stress well.[D] They blush less frequently than adults do.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A],[B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] The Black Plague.[B] Enemy of Humanity.[C] Common Animal pests.[D] Causes of World Hunger.27. [A] They eat or spoil crops.[B] They destroy dams and buildings.[C] They attack birds and animals.[D] They carry diseases.28. [A] In India.[B] In Europe.[C] Throughout the world.[D] Both A and B.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. [A] The island of Guam.[B] Yokoi Shoichi's marriage.[C] The battles on Guam during World War II.[D] A Japanese soldier who hid on Guam.30. [A] They met Yokoi Shoichi when he arrived.[B] They went to a department store to meet him.[C] They saw a display of Shoichi's clothing and equipment.[D] They attended Yokoi Shoichi's wedding.31. [A] Because he hated the war.[B] Because he felt shame and dishonor.[C] Because he wanted to stay away from his friends and foes alike.[D] Because he didn't know that Japan had lost the war.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. [A] How to Make Violins.[B] Expensive Violins.[C] Stradivarius's Secret.[D] Italian Violin Makers.33. [A] Hundreds of violins every day.[B] Over 100,000 violins during his career.[C] Only one violin.[D] Hundreds of violins during his career.34. [A] His notes were never found.[B] His notes were left to his sons.[C] His notes were found by other violin makers.[D] There were not any written notes about his secret.35. [A] Special properties of wood of the violin.[B] The shape and construction of the instrument.[C] Different steps involved in the violin's construction.[D] The special coat of paint on the violin.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.More and more Americans are reading their own credit report. Credit reports are (36) ________ by lenders to decide how rrisky it would be to offer a loan or credit to an individual.The report holds information about a person's (37) ________loans and credit-card debt. It records late (38) ________ of bills and any unpaid loans. It all adds up to a credit history. These days, though, lenders often welcome people with bad credit histories. They are (39) ________ higher interest rates and other loan costs.Some Americans want to read their credit report to know if they have been a (40) ________ of identity theft. They can see if any loans or credit cards have been (41) ________ in their name with stolen personal information.Another reason is that credit reports are not always correct.. They might (42) ________ wrong information or old information.Before 1971, Americans could not see any of this information. One change, in 2001, permits people to see their FICO score. FICO is short for the Fair Isaac (43) ________. (44) __________.Fair Isaac says many lenders not just in the United States but around the world use its technology to create credit scores. (45) _______________________________________________.As of May, the company says it sold ten million credit scores to individuals.(46) ______________________________________________________ ________.Paying bills on time and paying off credit-card debt improves credit scores.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated ____47 ___? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date.Many people are afraid to assert(表现)themselves. Dr. Alberti thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole ____48 ___ is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always '____49 ___' around-a parent, a teacher, a boss-who 'knows better'. These superiors often gain when they chip(削弱) away at your self-image."But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people ____50 ___ themselves. They ____51 ___ "assertivenesstraining" courses-At for short. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be more ____52 ___ without hurting other people.In one way. learning to speak out is to ____53 ___ fear. A group taking a course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger ____54 ___-the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to ____55 ___ your own good sense.You go by the other person's ____56___ . But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.[A] doubt [I] peace[B] active [J] demand[C] system [K] ask[D] offer [L] superior[E] unfairly [M] overcome[F] unfortunately [N] confidence[G] motive [O] roar[H] imageSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestion 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Among all the animals, the ape is most like human beings. Both people and apes have the similar brain structure, the similar nerve system, and the similar kind of blood.There are four kinds of apes: the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), the orangutan(猩猩), the gorilla(大猩猩), and the gibbon(长臂猿). They live in the deep forests and warm tropical regions of Africa and of Southeast Asia, including Indonesia.All apes are covered with brown, reddish-brown, or black hair everywhere on their bodies except their faces, feet, and hands. Their hands each have four fingers and a thumb that helps them grip things the way our thumbs help us. But they also have a thumb on each foot instead of a big toe. Thus they can hold things with their feet also. Having short, weak legs, apes do not walk on the ground very much.However, their arms are very strong. This enables them to swing from branches and travel very quickly from tree to tree.These animals live in small family groups that move from place to place in search of vegetables and fruits. They also eat eggs, small animals, nuts, and insects. When they are tired, they build nests in the trees. But they rarely sleep there for more than a night or two. Then they move on to look for more food.There are some differences among the following three kids of apes. The gibbon is never more than three feet high and weight only about fourteen pounds. The gorilla grows to be six feet tall and weight up to 600 pounds. The orangutan is smaller than the gorilla. It stands three to five feet tall and weight up to 200 pounds.Chimpanzees are the smartest of all apes. They can be taught to sit at a table and eat, to dress themselves, and to do things that human children can do.57. What does the first paragraph tell us?[A] The ape looks like human beings most.[B] People and the ape think alike.[C] People and the ape behave alike.[D] The ape is the most intellectual animal in the world.58. Which of the following sentences is TRUE?[A] All apes are brown or black.[B] All parts of apes' bodies are covered with hair.[C] Apes have weak legs but very strong arms.[D] Apes' arms are strong enough to swim.59. Apes build nests in the trees but seldom sleep there for more than a night or two because ________.[A] They like to live in small family groups[B] They like to move from place to place in search of more food[C] They like to eat eggs, small animals, nuts and insects[D] it rains too often in the deep forests60. Among the three kinds of apes, ________.[A] the gorilla is the biggest[B] the gibbon is only three feet high but it is heavier than the orangutan[C] the orangutan is smaller than the gorilla and cleverer than the gibbon[D] the orangutan can stand up to a great height, but others cannot61. The last paragraph tells us that ________.[A] chimpanzees can do better than human children[B] chimpanzees can do many things that human children cannot do[C] human children can do many things that chimpanzees cannotdo[D] the intelligence of chimpanzees is similar to that of human childrenPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Videodisc holds great promise of helping to meet the needs of American schoolchildren who have problems seeing, hearing, speaking, or socializing. Almost eleven percent of the students aged 3~21 in this country have an impairment that affects their ability to benefit from a regular education program. Handicapped students require special education because they are often markedly different from most children in one or more of the following ways: mentally retarded(发展迟缓的) learning-disabled, emotionally disturbed, deaf, visually handicapped, physically handicapped, or other health impairments. The education of these handicapped children is rewarding but challenging.A special education student usually needs a longer period of time to acquire information. Repetitive teaching techniques are often beneficial, and indefatigable(孜孜不倦的) consistency on the part of the teacher is frequently necessary. Interactive videodisc courseware has characteristics that can be capitalized upon to meet the challenges that special education poses. A videodisc program is infinitely patient. Repetition of any videodisc lesson can continue endlessly, and designers can assure absolute consistency within a program. Most important, according to special educator William Healey of the University of Arizona, is that videodisc "adds an extra dimension of realism for children who need graphic representations."Healey explained that deaf and mentally retarded children especially have difficulty grasping figurative(比喻的)language and higher-order language concepts. He believes that for special education, the power of videodisc lies in the ability of the technology to visually represent language concepts normally taken for granted by non-handicapped persons. Complex figurative language forms such as idioms and metaphors come most readily to mind as being difficult for handicapped learners.62. The special education mentioned in the text is mainly concerned with ________.[A] genius students from day-care centers to colleges[B] students who are fond of computer video games[C] teachers of language in the University of Arizona[D] students who are either mentally or physically disabled63. A videodisc courseware is beneficial to those who have study difficulties because ________.[A] its fancy design is very attractive[B] it allows the user to go back to where he wants to restudy[C] the content of it is healthy and promising[D] it is developed by university professors64. According to Professor Healey, we may infer that mentally retarded children perhaps ________.[A] need graphic representations in order to understand higher-order language concepts[B] are good at studying English idioms but often fail to grasp higher-order language concepts[C] are not very patient with videodisc which helps them to understand the world concepts[D] tend to be deaf as well and have difficulty learning the simple concept "before and after"65. The best phrase that summarizes the main idea of the text is ________.[A] handicapped students and their problems[B] videodisc and special education[C] computer assisted teaching programs[D] normal children and handicapped kids66. The word "impairment" (Line 2, Para. 1) probably means ________.[A] habit[B] disability[C] misconceptiPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the ____67 ___ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their ____68 ___ children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any ____69___ visitors. The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an ____70 ___ story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care ____71 ___ elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied ____72 ___ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the ____73 ___ American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. ____74 ___, because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ____75 ___, family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers ____76 ___ a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best ____77___ for the job. In other words, they all felt that they ____78 ___ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers ____79 ___ caregivers to find out why they took ___ 80 ___ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had ___81 ___ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others ____82 ___ them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping ____83___ now, they would deserve care when they became old and ____84 ___. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a ____85 ___ satisfying experience for everyone who might be ____86 ___.67. [A] hands [B] arms [C] bodies [D] homes68. [A] growing [B] grown [C] grow [D] grows69. [A] constant [B] lasting [C] regular [D] normal70. [A] imaginary [B] imaginable [C] imaginative [D] imagery71. [A] that [B] this [C] those [D] these72. [A] when [B] how [C] what [D] where73. [A] common [B] ordinary [C] standard [D] average74. [A] Still [B] However [C] Moreover [D] Whereas75. [A] before [B] ago [C] later [D] lately76. [A] share [B] enjoy [C] divide [D] consent77. [A] person [B] people [C] character [D] man78. [A] would [B] will [C] could [D] can79. [A] questioned [B] interviewed [C] inquired [D] interrogate80. [A] in [B] up [C] on [D] off81. [A] admiration [B] initiative [C] necessity [D] obligation82. [A] cause [B] enable [C] make [D] get83. [A] someone [B] anyone [C] everyone [D] anybody84. [A] elderly [B] dependent [C] dependable [D] independent85. [A] similarly [B] differently [C] mutually [D] certainly86. [A] involved [B] excluded [C] included [D] consideredPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. ________________________ (幸亏遇到一位好心的出租车司机), Amy arrived at the test room in time.88. ________________________ (这是一个生死攸关的问题) and therefore we must pay more attention to it.89. The problem of internet crime ________________________ (近些年来引起了广泛关注).90. The computer isn't working properly; ________________________ (肯定有什么地方出了毛病).91. ________________________ (应当注意的是) that pollution has become one of the thorniest problems in many big cities.。
2008年高考真题精品解析2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)(文科)
2008年高考真题精品解析2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）（文科） 测试题 2019.91,两个投资项目的利润率分别为随机变量X 1和X 2．根据市场分析，X 1和X 2的分布列分别为（Ⅰ）在两个项目上各投资100万元，Y 1和Y 2分别表示投资项目A 和B 所获得的利润，求方差DY 1，DY 2；（Ⅱ）将万元投资A 项目，万元投资B 项目，表示投资A 项目所得利润的方差与投资B 项目所得利润的方差的和．求的最小值，并指出x 为何值时，取到最小值．（注：） 2,在直角坐标系xOy 中，椭圆C 1：2222b y a x +=1（a ＞b ＞0）的左、右焦点分别为F 1，F 2．F 2也是抛物线C 2：的焦点，点M 为C 1与C 2在第一象限的交点，且｜MF 2｜=35．（Ⅰ）求C 1的方程；（Ⅱ）平面上的点N 满足21MF MF +=，直线l ∥MN ，且与C 1交于A ，B 两点，若，求直线l 的方程．3,已知是一个等差数列，且，．（Ⅰ）求的通项； （Ⅱ）求前n 项和S n 的最大值． 4,如图，已知点P 在正方体的对角线上，． （Ⅰ）求DP 与所成角的大小；（Ⅱ）求DP 与平面所成角的大小．A B ，A B ，(0100)x x ≤≤100x -()f x ()f x ()f x 2()D aX b a DX +=24y x =0OA OB ={}n a 21a =55a =-{}n a n a {}n a ABCD A B C D ''''-BD '60PDA ∠=︒CC 'AA D D ''5,从甲、乙两品种的棉花中各抽测了25根棉花的纤维长度（单位：mm ），结果如下：甲品种：271 273 280 285 285 287 292 294 295 301 303 303 307308 310 314 319 323 325 325 328 331 334 337 352 乙品种：284 292 295 304 306 307 312 313 315 315 316 318 318320 322 322 324 327 329 331 333 336 337 343 356 由以上数据设计了如下茎叶图根据以上茎叶图，对甲、乙两品种棉花的纤维长度作比较，写出两个统计结论：① ；② ．6,设双曲线的右顶点为A ，右焦点为F ．过点F 平行双曲线的一条渐近线的直线与双曲线交于点B ，则△AFB 的面积为 ．7,一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形，其侧棱垂直底面．已知该六棱柱的顶点都在同一个球面上，且该六棱柱的体积为，底面周长为3，则这个球的体积为 ．221916x y -=988,已知向量，，，则 ．9,设，若函数，，有大于零的极值点，则（ ） A 、 B 、 C 、D 、 10,命题“若函数在其定义域内是减函数，则”的逆否命题是（ ）A 、若，则函数在其定义域内不是减函数B 、若，则函数在其定义域内不是减函数C 、若，则函数在其定义域内是减函数D 、若，则函数在其定义域内是减函数测试题答案1, 解：（Ⅰ）由题设可知和的分布列分别为，，，．（Ⅱ），当时，为最小值．(011)=-，，a (410)=，，b λ+=a b 0λ>λ=a R ∈xy e ax =+x R ∈1a <-1a >-1a e <-1ae>-()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠log 20a <log 20a ≥()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠log 20a <()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠log 20a ≥()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠log 20a <()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠1Y 2Y 150.8100.26EY =⨯+⨯=221(56)0.8(106)0.24DY =-⨯+-⨯=220.280.5120.38EY =⨯+⨯+⨯=2222(28)0.2(88)0.5(128)0.312DY =-⨯+-⨯+-⨯=12100()100100x x f x D Y D Y -⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭2212100100100x x DY DY -⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭22243(100)100x x ⎡⎤=+-⎣⎦2224(46003100)100x x =-+⨯6007524x ==⨯()3f x =2, 解：（Ⅰ）由：知．设，在上，因为，所以，得，． 在上，且椭圆的半焦距，于是消去并整理得 ， 解得（不合题意，舍去）．故椭圆的方程为．（Ⅱ）由知四边形是平行四边形，其中心为坐标原点，因为，所以与的斜率相同，故的斜率．设的方程为．由 消去并化简得 ． 设，，，．因为，所以．．所以．此时， 故所求直线的方程为，或3, 解：（Ⅰ）设的公差为，由已知条件，，解出，．所以． （Ⅱ）．所以时，取到最大2C 24y x =2(10)F ，11()M x y ，M 2C 253MF =1513x +=123x =13y =M 1C 1C 1c =222248193 1.a b b a ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩，2b 4293740a a -+=2a =13a =1C 22143x y +=12MF MF MN +=12MF NF O l MN ∥l OM l 323k ==l )y x m =-223412)x y y x m ⎧+=⎪⎨=-⎪⎩，，y 22916840x mx m -+-=11()A x y ，22()B x y ，12169mx x +=212849m x x -=OA OB⊥12120x x y y +=121212126()()x x y y x x x m x m +=+--2121276()6x x m x x m =-++22841676699m m m m -=-+21(1428)09m =-=m =22(16)49(84)0m m ∆=-⨯->l y =-y =+{}n a d 11145a d a d +=⎧⎨+=-⎩13a =2d =-1(1)25n a a n d n =+-=-+21(1)42n n n S na d n n-=+=-+24(2)n =--2n =n S值．4,解：如图，以为原点，为单位长建立空间直角坐标系．则，．连结，． 在平面中，延长交于． 设，由已知 由可得，所以．（Ⅰ）因为， 所以．即与所成的角为． （Ⅱ）平面的一个法向量是． 因为， 所以． 可得与平面所成的角为．5, 解：1．乙品种棉花的纤维平均长度大于甲品种棉花的纤维平均长度（或：乙品种棉花的纤维长度普遍大于甲品种棉花的纤维长度）． 2．甲品种棉花的纤维长度较乙品种棉花的纤维长度更分散．（或：乙品种棉花的纤维长度较甲品种棉花的纤维长度更集中（稳定）．甲品种棉花的纤维长度的分散程度比乙品种棉花的纤维长度的分散程度更大）． 3．甲品种棉花的纤维长度的中位数为307mm ，乙品种棉花的纤维长度的中位数为318mm ．4D DA D xyz -(100)DA =，，(001)CC '=，，BD B D ''BB D D ''DP B D ''H (1)(0)DH m m m =>，，60DH DA <>=，cos DA DH DA DH DA DH =<>，2m=2m =21DH ⎛⎫= ⎪⎪⎝⎭0011cos 2DH CC +⨯'<>==，45DH CC '<>=，DP CC '45AA D D ''(010)DC =，，01101cos 2DH DC ⨯+⨯+⨯<>==，60DH DC <>=，DP AA D D ''304．乙品种棉花的纤维长度基本上是对称的，而且大多集中在中间（均值附近）．甲品种棉花的纤维长度除一个特殊值（352）外，也大致对称，其分布较均匀．6, 解：双曲线的右顶点坐标，右焦点坐标，设一条渐近线方程为，建立方程组，得交点纵坐标，从而7, 解：令球的半径为，六棱柱的底面边长为，高为，显然有，且 8, 解：由题意9, 【解析】题意即有大于0的实根,数形结合令,则两曲线交点在第一象限,结合图像易得,选A.10, 解析】考查逆否命题,易得答案A.(3,0)A (5,0)F 43y x =224(5)31916y x x y ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪-=⎪⎩3215y =-13232221515AFBS=⨯⨯=R ah R=21962863a V a h h a ⎧⎧==⨯=⎪⎪⇒⎨⎨⎪⎪==⎩⎩1R ⇒=34433V R ππ⇒==(4,1,)λ+-λλa b =2216(1)29(0)λλλ⇒+-+=>3λ⇒=0x e a +=12,x y e y a ==-11a a ->⇒<-。
2008年高考语文试题及参考答案(广东卷)
Point to the five sentences .
Say ,listen to each conversation and then circle the word that makes the sentences correct .
Play the recording .
Play the song : Happy birthday .
Say ,today it’s Meimei’s birthday .She wants to invite you to her birthday party .Can you tell me what she should say ?
Say ,now listen to the recording .Write the name of each person next to his or her picture .
Play the recording .Ask Ss to complete the activity individually .Correct the answers .
Ask students tห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ say .
教案正文
Step 2 Pre-task
Page 25 ,1a ,1b .
Ask ,Can you come to my party ?
Ask some students to answer .Ask the students who say I can’t go to say why .
Step 3 While-task
SB Page25 , 1c.
Point to the example in the box .Ask Ss to do a practice with partners .
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题及答案-广东卷
2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷B）语文本试卷共8页，24小题，满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题组号对应的信息点，再作答，漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。
5、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、本大题4小题，每小题3分，共12分。
1、下列词语中加点的字，每对的读音都不相同的一项是A、滋润．／蕴．含赡．养／瞻．仰调．试／调．和B、对峙．／嗜．好竣．工／英俊．强．迫／倔强．C、造诣．／逃逸．堤．岸／提．拔抹．黑／抹．布D、湖畔．／装扮．怄．气／枢．纽阻塞．／边塞．2、下面语段中划线的成语，使用恰当的一项是公共汽车正在行驶中，前面一骑摩托车的男子突然变向横穿马路，眼看两车就要相撞。
在这千钧一发之际，只听“嘎——”的一声，公共汽车司机紧急刹车，避免了一场车祸的发生。
车上乘客目睹了这扣人心弦的一幕，议论纷纷，怨声载道。
那翻倒在地的骑摩托车男子迅速爬起来，一阵东张西望之后，未见交警身影，继而义无反顾，翻身上车，扬长而去。
司机不禁怒形于色，大声斥责那违反交通规则的男子。
A、扣人心弦B．怨声载道C．义无反顾D、怒形于色3、下列句子中，没有语病的一项是A、对这部小说的人物塑造，作者没有很好地深人生活、体验生活，凭主观想象加了一些不恰当的情节，反而大大减弱了作品的感染力。
2008年高考文基试题及参考答案(广东卷B)
2011年考研数学三大纲考试科目微积分、线性代数、概率论与数理统计考试形式和试卷结构1、试卷满分及考试时间试卷满分为150分，考试时间为180分钟.2、答题方式答题方式为闭卷、笔试.3、试卷内容结构微积分 58%线性代数 20%概率论与数理统计 22%4、试卷题型结构试卷题型结构为：单项选择题选题8小题，每题4分，共32分填空题 6小题，每题4分，共24分解答题(包括证明题) 9小题，共94分考试内容之微积分函数、极限、连续考试要求1.理解函数的概念，掌握函数的表示法，会建立应用问题的函数关系.2.了解函数的有界性.单调性.周期性和奇偶性.3.理解复合函数及分段函数的概念，了解反函数及隐函数的概念.4.掌握基本初等函数的性质及其图形，了解初等函数的概念.5.了解数列极限和函数极限(包括左极限与右极限)的概念.6.了解极限的性质与极限存在的两个准则，掌握极限的四则运算法则，掌握利用两个重要极限求极限的方法.7.理解无穷小的概念和基本性质.掌握无穷小量的比较方法.了解无穷大量的概念及其与无穷小量的关系.8.理解函数连续性的概念(含左连续与右连续)，会判别函数间断点的类型.9.了解连续函数的性质和初等函数的连续性，理解闭区间上连续函数的性质(有界性、最大值和最小值定理.介值定理)，并会应用这些性质.一元函数微分学考试要求1.理解导数的概念及可导性与连续性之间的关系，了解导数的几何意义与经济意义(含边际与弹性的概念)，会求平面曲线的切线方程和法线方程.2.掌握基本初等函数的导数公式.导数的四则运算法则及复合函数的求导法则，会求分段函数的导数会求反函数与隐函数的导数.3.了解高阶导数的概念，会求简单函数的高阶导数.4.了解微分的概念，导数与微分之间的关系以及一阶微分形式的不变性，会求函数的微分.5.理解罗尔(Rolle)定理.拉格朗日( Lagrange)中值定理.了解泰勒定理.柯西(Cauchy)中值定理，掌握这四个定理的简单应用.6.会用洛必达法则求极限.7.掌握函数单调性的判别方法，了解函数极值的概念，掌握函数极值、最大值和最小值的求法及其应用.8.会用导数判断函数图形的凹凸性(注：在区间内，设函数具有二阶导数.当时，的图形是凹的;当时，的图形是凸的)，会求函数图形的拐点和渐近线.9.会描述简单函数的图形.一元函数积分学考试要求1.理解原函数与不定积分的概念，掌握不定积分的基本性质和基本积分公式，掌握不定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法.2.了解定积分的概念和基本性质，了解定积分中值定理，理解积分上限的函数并会求它的导数，掌握牛顿一莱布尼茨公式以及定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法.3.会利用定积分计算平面图形的面积.旋转体的体积和函数的平均值，会利用定积分求解简单的经济应用问题.4.了解反常积分的概念，会计算反常积分.多元函数微积分学考试要求1.了解多元函数的概念，了解二元函数的几何意义.2.了解二元函数的极限与连续的概念，了解有界闭区域上二元连续函数的性质.3.了解多元函数偏导数与全微分的概念,会求多元复合函数一阶、二阶偏导数，会求全微分,会求多元隐函数的偏导数.4.了解多元函数极值和条件极值的概念，掌握多元函数极值存在的必要条件，了解二元函数极值存在的充分条件，会求二元函数的极值，会用拉格朗日乘数法求条件极值，会求简单多元函数的最大值和最小值，并会解决简单的应用问题.5.了解二重积分的概念与基本性质，掌握二重积分的计算方法(直角坐标.极坐标).了解无界区域上较简单的反常二重积分并会计算.无穷级数考试要求1.了解级数的收敛与发散.收敛级数的和的概念.2.了解级数的基本性质和级数收敛的必要条件，掌握几何级数及级数的收敛与发散的条件，掌握正项级数收敛性的比较判别法和比值判别法.3.了解任意项级数绝对收敛与条件收敛的概念以及绝对收敛与收敛的关系，了解交错级数的莱布尼茨判别法.4.会求幂级数的收敛半径、收敛区间及收敛域.5.了解幂级数在其收敛区间内的基本性质(和函数的连续性、逐项求导和逐项积分)，会求简单幂级数在其收敛区间内的和函数.6.了解 e的x次方， sin x， cos x， ln(1+x)及(1+x)的a 次方的麦克劳林(Maclaurin)展开式.常微分方程与差分方程考试要求1.了解微分方程及其阶、解、通解、初始条件和特解等概念.2.掌握变量可分离的微分方程.齐次微分方程和一阶线性微分方程的求解方法.3.会解二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程.4.了解线性微分方程解的性质及解的结构定理，会解自由项为多项式.指数函数.正弦函数.余弦函数的二阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程.5.了解差分与差分方程及其通解与特解等概念.6.了解一阶常系数线性差分方程的求解方法.7.会用微分方程求解简单的经济应用问题.考试内容之线性代数行列式考试内容：行列式的概念和基本性质行列式按行(列)展开定理考试要求1.了解行列式的概念，掌握行列式的性质.2.会应用行列式的性质和行列式按行(列)展开定理计算行列式.矩阵考试要求1.理解矩阵的概念，了解单位矩阵、数量矩阵、对角矩阵、三角矩阵的定义及性质，了解对称矩阵、反对称矩阵及正交矩阵等的定义和性质.2.掌握矩阵的线性运算、乘法、转置以及它们的运算规律，了解方阵的幂与方阵乘积的行列式的性质.3.理解逆矩阵的概念，掌握逆矩阵的性质以及矩阵可逆的充分必要条件，理解伴随矩阵的概念，会用伴随矩阵求逆矩阵.4.了解矩阵的初等变换和初等矩阵及矩阵等价的概念，理解矩阵的秩的概念，掌握用初等变换求矩阵的逆矩阵和秩的方法.5.了解分块矩阵的概念，掌握分块矩阵的运算法则.向量考试要求1.了解向量的概念，掌握向量的加法和数乘运算法则.2.理解向量的线性组合与线性表示、向量组线性相关、线性无关等概念，掌握向量组线性相关、线性无关的有关性质及判别法.3.理解向量组的极大线性无关组的概念，会求向量组的极大线性无关组及秩.4.理解向量组等价的概念，理解矩阵的秩与其行(列)向量组的秩之间的关系.5.了解内积的概念.掌握线性无关向量组正交规范化的施密特(Schmidt)方法.线性方程组考试要求1.会用克莱姆法则解线性方程组.2.掌握非齐次线性方程组有解和无解的判定方法.3.理解齐次线性方程组的基础解系的概念，掌握齐次线性方程组的基础解系和通解的求法.4.理解非齐次线性方程组解的结构及通解的概念.5.掌握用初等行变换求解线性方程组的方法.矩阵的特征值和特征向量考试要求1.理解矩阵的特征值、特征向量的概念，掌握矩阵特征值的性质，掌握求矩阵特征值和特征向量的方法.2.理解矩阵相似的概念，掌握相似矩阵的性质，了解矩阵可相似对角化的充分必要条件，掌握将矩阵化为相似对角矩阵的方法.3.掌握实对称矩阵的特征值和特征向量的性质.二次型考试要求1.了解二次型的概念，会用矩阵形式表示二次型，了解合同变换与合同矩阵的概念.2.了解二次型的秩的概念，了解二次型的标准形、规范形等概念，了解惯性定理，会用正交变换和配方法化二次型为标准形.3.理解正定二次型.正定矩阵的概念，并掌握其判别法.考试内容之概率论与数理统计随机事件和概率考试要求1.了解样本空间(基本事件空间)的概念，理解随机事件的概念，掌握事件的关系及运算.2.理解概率、条件概率的概念，掌握概率的基本性质，会计算古典型概率和几何型概率，掌握概率的加法公式、减法公式、乘法公式、全概率公式以及贝叶斯(Bayes)公式等.3.理解事件的独立性的概念，掌握用事件独立性进行概率计算;理解独立重复试验的概念，掌握计算有关事件概率的方法.随机变量及其分布考试要求1.理解随机变量的概念，理解分布函数的概念及性质，会计算与随机变量相联系的事件的概率.2.理解离散型随机变量及其概率分布的概念，掌握0-1分布、二项分布、几何分布、超几何分布、泊松(Poisson)分布及其应用.3.掌握泊松定理的结论和应用条件，会用泊松分布近似表示二项分布.4.理解连续型随机变量及其概率密度的概念，掌握均匀分布、正态分布、指数分布及其应用，其中参数为的指数分布的概率密度为5.会求随机变量函数的分布.多维随机变量及其分布考试要求1.理解多维随机变量的分布函数的概念和基本性质.2.理解二维离散型随机变量的概率分布和二维连续型随机变量的概率密度、掌握二维随机变量的边缘分布和条件分布.3.理解随机变量的独立性和不相关性的概念，掌握随机变量相互独立的条件，理解随机变量的不相关性与独立性的关系.4.掌握二维均匀分布和二维正态分布，理解其中参数的概率意义.5.会根据两个随机变量的联合分布求其函数的分布，会根据多个相互独立随机变量的联合分布求其函数的分布.随机变量的数字特征考试要求1.理解随机变量数字特征(数学期望、方差、标准差、矩、协方差、相关系数)的概念，会运用数字特征的基本性质，并掌握常用分布的数字特征.2.会求随机变量函数的数学期望.3.了解切比雪夫不等式.大数定律和中心极限定理考试要求1.了解切比雪夫大数定律、伯努利大数定律和辛钦大数定律(独立同分布随机变量序列的大数定律).2.了解棣莫弗—拉普拉斯中心极限定理(二项分布以正态分布为极限分布)、列维—林德伯格中心极限定理(独立同分布随机变量序列的中心极限定理)，并会用相关定理近似计算有关随机事件的概率.数理统计的基本概念考试要求1.了解总体、简单随机样本、统计量、样本均值、样本方差及样本矩的概念，其中样本方差定义为2.了解产生变量、变量和变量的典型模式;了解标准正态分布、分布、分布和分布得上侧分位数，会查相应的数值表.3.掌握正态总体的样本均值.样本方差.样本矩的抽样分布.4.了解经验分布函数的概念和性质.参数估计考试内容：点估计的概念估计量与估计值矩估计法最大似然估计法考试要求1.了解参数的点估计、估计量与估计值的概念.2.掌握矩估计法(一阶矩、二阶矩)和最大似然估计法.。
2008年高考语文试题及参考答案(广东卷)
A、祛qū；B、帧zhēn；D、挟xié
7.下列各组词语中加点字的读音，全都正确的 一组是（ D ）
A、蹊(qī)跷 切(qiē)磋 殒(yǔn)命 驯(xún)服
B、押解(jiè)
C、粗糙(cāo)
虚妄(wàng) 机械(xiè)
罹(lì )难
剖(pāo)析
阔绰(chuò 斡(wò ) )旋
3.（2006）下列词语中加点字的读音全都 相同的一项是（ C） A.木讷 纳税 呐喊 方枘圆凿 B.蝉联 单于 禅让 蟾宫折桂 C.旌旗 菁华 荆棘 泾渭分明 D.彪悍 飞镖 漂染 虚无缥缈
漂染 piǎo
方枘圆凿 ruì
4.（2005）下列词语中加点字的读音全都 不相同的一项是（ A ） A.崛起 茁壮 罢黜 咄咄逼人 B.拾掇 辍学 啜泣 缀字成文 C.委托 萎缩 倭寇 虚与委蛇 D.亵渎 木牍 牛犊 买椟还珠
2．语文复习方法指导
第一、挤出时间，细读大纲和课文； 第二、注意基础知识的复习；
第三、要适当训练做题，找到考试的感觉。
3．语言知识及运用一：语音
（1） 识记现代汉语普通话的字音。 能力要求：A 级； （2）复习要求： 《现代汉语常用字表》常用字2500字、次 常用字1000字并标拼音； 高中语文课本中容易读错的字。 （3）课本P124.
解题的技巧——以意辨形
2008年高考真题精品解析2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)(文科)2620
2008年高考真题精品解析2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）（文科） 测试题 2019.91,将正三棱柱截去三个角（如图1所示A 、B 、C 分别是三边的中点）得到的几何体如图2，则该几何体按图2所示方向的侧视图(或称左视图)为2,若变量满足则的最大值是（ ）A ．90B ．80C ．70D ．403,设，若，则下列不等式中正确的是（ ）A 、B 、C 、D 、4,已知函数，则是（ ） A 、最小正周期为的奇函数 B 、最小正周期为的奇函数C 、最小正周期为的偶函数D 、最小正周期为的偶函数 5,经过圆的圆心C ，且与直线垂直的直线方程是（ ）A 、B 、C 、D 、 GHI∆x y ，24025000x y x y x y ⎧+⎪+⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩，，，，≤≤≥≥32z x y =+,a b R ∈||0a b ->0b a ->330a b +<220a b -<0b a +>2()(1cos 2)sin ,f x x x x R =+∈()f x π2ππ2π2220x x y ++=0x y +=10x y ++=10x y +-=10x y -+=10x y --=6,记等差数列的前项和为，若，则该数列的公差（ ）A 、2B 、3C 、6D 、77,已知0＜a ＜2，复数(i 是虚数单位)，则|z|的取值范围是) C.(1,3) D.(1,5)8,已知平面向量，，且//，则＝（ ）A 、B 、C 、D 、9,第二十九届夏季奥林匹克运动会将于2008年8月8日在北京举行，若集合A={参加北京奥运会比赛的运动员}，集合B={参加北京奥运会比赛的男运动员}。
集合C={参加北京奥运会比赛的女运动员}，则下列关系正确的是A.A BB.B CC.A ∩B=CD.B ∪C=A10,设，椭圆方程为，抛物线方程为．如图所示，过点作轴的平行线，与抛物线在第一象限的交点为，已知抛物线在点的切线经过椭圆的右焦点．（1）求满足条件的椭圆方程和抛物线方程；（2）设分别是椭圆长轴的左、右端点，试探究在抛物线上是否存在点，使得为直角三角形？若存在，请指出共有几个这样的点？并说明理由（不必具体求出这些点的坐标）．测试题答案1, 【解析】解题时在图2的右边放扇墙(心中有墙),可得答案A. 2, C 【解析】画出可行域（如图），在点取最大值n n S 244,20S S ==d =z a i =+(1,2)a =(2,)b m =-a b 23a b +(5,10)--(4,8)--(3,6)--(2,4)--⊆⊆0b >222212x y b b +=28()x y b =-(02)F b +，x G G 1F A B ，P ABP △(10,20)B3, 【解析】利用赋值法：令排除A,B,C,选D.4, 【解析】,选D.5, 【解析】点C ，与直线垂直，可设待求的直线方程为，将点C 的坐标代入求出，故所求直线方程为,选C.(或由图形快速排除得正确答案.)6, 【解析】,选B.7, 【解析】12+=a z ，而20<<a ，即5112<+<a ，51<<∴z ,选B.8, 【解析】排除法:横坐标为,选B.9, 【解析】送分题!答案为D. 10, 【解析】（1）由得，当得，G 点的坐标为， ，，过点G 的切线方程为即，令得，点的坐标为，由椭圆方程得点的坐标为，即，即椭圆和抛物线的方程分别为和；（2）过作轴的垂线与抛物线只有一个交点,以为直角的只有一个，同理 以为直角的只有一个；若以为直角，则点在以为直径的圆上，而以为直径的圆与抛物线有两个交点。
2008年高考文基试题及参考答案(广东卷B)
甘氨酸 缬氨酸 精氨酸甲硫氨酸(一)通过DNA 重组技术使原有基因得以改造的动物称为转基因动物。
运用基因工程技术可以使羊奶中含有人体蛋白质。
I ．图6表示了运用基因工程技术使羊奶中含有人体蛋白质的基本过程，在该工程中所用的基因“剪刀”能识别的序列和切点是一G ↓GATCC 一，请回答： 1．从羊染色体中剪下羊蛋白质基因的酶是 。
人体蛋白质基因“插入”后连接在羊体细胞染色体中时需要的酶是 。
2．图7为质粒被切割形成两个 DNA 片段的图例，请补充完善。
3．人体蛋白质基因之所以能“插入”到羊的染色体内，原因是 。
动物基因工程中通常将目的基因导入___________细胞中，常用的方法是__________法。
II ．对上述人体蛋白质的基因分析发现，在编码甘氨酸的位点上发生了三个突变，原因都是由一个碱基替换引起的。
突变的来源如下（右为相关氨基酸的密码子）：4．则甘氨酸最可能的密码子是 。
5．当某基因片段模板链中转录成GUC 的CAG 突变为CAA 时，这种突变的结果对该生物是否有影响？原因是____________________________________________________。
6．上述途径获得的转基因动物，其后代是否都含目的基因。
为什么?________________ ______________________________________________。
图6 图7（二）（8分）有关植物生长调节的实验问题。
实验一 下图示是用燕麦胚芽鞘进行的有关实验，请据图回答：1．不生长也不弯曲的是；生长且向光弯曲的是 ；生长但不弯曲的是 ；生长且向左弯曲的是 。
2．要证明胚芽鞘感受光刺激的部位是尖端，需选用图示 。
3．从实验设计严密性看，上述实验是否存在可证明植物具有向光性的实验并分析原因。
实验二 将另外一些植物幼苗分成甲、乙两组。
将甲组幼苗根的前端中央水平插入一薄云母片。
将两组幼苗水平放置培养一段时间后，两组幼苗的生长情况如下图所示。
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试卷类型：B 2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英语本试卷共12页,四大题,满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I 听力(共两节。
满分35分)第一节听力理解(5段共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)每段播放两遍。
各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。
请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
听第一段对话，回答第1～3题。
1. What is.1ack worried about when he starts college?A. His former classmates will graduate this year.B. His time off will put him at a disadvantage.C. He will have to practice a lot.2. After how many years did Susan return to college?A. Three years.B. Two years.C. One year.3. What advice does Susan give Jack about his study?A. Don't expect to catch on quickly.B. Don't take the English major.C. Don't take too many courses.听第二段对话，回答第4～6题。
4. What does the man think of Chinatown in San Francisco 7A. It‟s larger than his own town.B. It‟s like any other town.C. It‟s the best in the U.S..5. Why does the Chinese New Y ear change every year?A. It‟s based on the different calendars.B. It‟s in the extra month.C. It‟s set as a holiday.6. In what year was the man born?A. Y ear of the Rooster.B. Y ear of the Pig.C. Y ear of the Ox.听第三段独白，回答第7～9题。
7. Why is the marathon at the 1968 Olympics a truly historic event?A. Because three runners tried very hard to win the marathon.B. Because Bikila won his third victory in the marathon.C. Because the last 13.1Brier won the Olympic marathon.8. What did Wolde do when he saw Bikila drop out?A. He stopped to assist Bikila.B. He filled Bikila‟s shoes.C. He ran even faster.9. Why did the crowd cheer when the last runner crossed the finish line?A. They were surprised to see his wounded leg.B. They were greatly moved by his spirit.C. They thought he was the winner.听第四段对话，回答第10～12题10. Where did the man meet Claudia?A. At a class discussion.B. At a music store.C. On the Internet.11. What is the relation between the man and Claudia?A. Boy friend and girl friend.B. Close friends.C. Web friends.12. What does the woman suggest about greeting Claudia'?A. Bringing her some flowers.B. Using her family name.C. Arriving on time.听第五段独白，回答第13～15题。
13. How do rainforests manage to survive?A. By storing large quantities of carbon dioxide.B. By developing ways to protect themselves.C. By producing a large amount of oxygen.14. Why d0 the leaves of a tree never actually touch those of others?A. Because it‟s a way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases.B. Because it makes it difficult for insects to eat leaves.C. Because animals can j ump between them.15. How much rain can rainforests produce in some areas in a year?A. About 75％of their own rain.B. As much as 430 inches.C. At least 80 inches.第二节听取信息(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面一段对话，请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填人答题卡标号为16～20的空格中。
听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。
你将有60秒钟的作答时间。
Ⅱ语言知识及应用(共两节，满分35分)第一节完形填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. In particular, there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女). Not all of these 21 are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and in some folktales they are 22 and cause much human suffering. This is true in the tales about the Changeling. These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parents. It was then 25 that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and 26 the human baby with a fairy Changeling. There were many ways to prevent this from happening: hanging a knife over the baby‟s head while he slept or covering him with some of his father‟s clothes were just two of the recommended 27 . However, hope was not lost even if the baby had been 28 . In those cases there was often a way to get the 29 baby back. Y ou could 30 the Changeling on the fire--then it would rise up the chimney, and you would hear the sound of fairies‟laughter and soon after you would find your own child safe and sound nearby.21. A. babies B. believers C. fairies D. supermen22. A. powerful B. cruel C. frightened D. extraordinary23. A. sick B. slim C. short D. small24. A. uncomfortable B. unbelievable C. unacceptable D. unrecognizable25. A. feared B. predicted C. heard D. reported26. A. covered B. changed C. replaced D. terrified27. A. cases B. tools C. steps D. methods28. A. missed B. stolen C. found D. lost29. A.1ittle B. pale C. sad D. real30. A. seize B. burn C. place D. hold第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。