英语简介-高分子材料 ppt
Polypropylene(PP)简介PPT课件
授课：XXX
混炼改性
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PP 原材料的特性(一般性质)
优点
▪ 价格低 ▪ 比重小 (0.90) ▪ 表面光洁度极好 ▪ 耐热性好 ▪ 抗腐蚀性强 ▪ 刚性好 ▪ 接枝性能好 ▪ 不存在环境应力开裂问题 ▪ 绝缘性好 ▪ 有优良的抗吸湿性 ▪ 容易回收
缺点
▪ 低温冲击性能差 - 改善方法 : ① 与EP共聚 ② 与橡胶共混
▪ 需改善耐热性和耐候性 - 改善方法 : ① 可通过热稳定剂及光稳定剂予以克
服。 ▪ 印刷, 电镀性能差
- 改善方法 : ① 使用极性材料 ② 表面处理
2021/3/9
授课：XXX
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PP 原材料的特性(密度)
与其他原材料相比，PP具有密度低的特性，所以在减轻 产品自身重量这方面有优势。
2021/3/9
3
PP 原材料的生产方法(复合PP)
高性能的强化剂
♣ 尺寸的优化 ♣ 粒度分布均匀 ♣ 表面处理及PP改性
复合PP的高性能化
♣ 提高刚性和冲击性及韧性 ♣ 提高耐热性, 除臭味 ♣ 改善收缩率
2021/3/9
授课：XXX
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PP 原材料的生产方法(工艺)
丙烷
脱氢反应
丙烯
单体
聚丙烯
聚合
复合PP
2021/3/9
kg/cm² 22,500
授课：XXX
HIPP 161 110 16,000
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刚才的发言，如 有不当之处请多指
正。谢谢大家！
2021/3/9
10
授课：XXX
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PP 原材料的特性(种类)
区分 均聚物 嵌段共聚物
无规共聚物
分子模型
-●-●-●-●-●-●由丙烯单体聚合而成的聚合物
课件1-Polymeric高分子聚合物
Overview
Six-part course divided by material types First lecture by RHL Lectures 2-6 by RHL Lectures 7-8 by RHL Lectures 9-10 by XYX Lectures 11-12 by XYX Lectures 13-14 by XYX Lectures 15-16 by XYX Lecture 17 oral presentation for students
Original meaning of polymer refers to molecules with identical empirical formulae but very different chemical and physical properties, e.g. benzene and acetylene, styrene and metastyrene
1.2 The history of polymers
Motivations
Why should we study polymers?
Versatile and inexpensive materials for manufacturing Increasing demand for „designer materials‟ Biopolymers (biomaterials) the future of Materials Science
1.2 Base of the Course
Technique
Polymer structure and properties Chemical structure Mophology Phase structure Configuration
高分子材料 英文
高分子材料英文Polymer materials, also known as macromolecular materials, are a kind of material with a large molecular weight, which is composed of repeated structural units. With the continuous development of science and technology, polymer materials have been widely used in various fields due to their excellent properties.First of all, polymer materials have excellent mechanical properties. They have high strength, good toughness, and can withstand large deformation without breaking. This makes them suitable for use in the manufacture of various structural materials, such as engineering plastics, fiber-reinforced composites, and elastomers.In addition, polymer materials have good chemical resistance. They are not easily corroded by acids, alkalis, salts, and other chemical substances, making them suitable for use in the chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, and other fields where corrosion resistance is required.Furthermore, polymer materials have excellent electrical insulation properties. They have high resistivity and dielectric strength, which makes them suitable for use in the manufacture of insulating materials for electrical and electronic products.Moreover, polymer materials have good thermal stability. They have a wide range of operating temperatures and can maintain their properties at high temperatures, making them suitable for use in the manufacture of high-temperature resistant materials.Furthermore, polymer materials are lightweight and easy to process. They have a low density and can be processed into various shapes and structures through molding, extrusion, and other methods, making them suitable for use in the manufacture of lightweight materials.In conclusion, polymer materials have excellent properties such as mechanical strength, chemical resistance, electrical insulation, thermal stability, lightweight, and processability, making them widely used in various fields such as aerospace, automotive, electronics, construction, and packaging. With the continuous development of scienceand technology, it is believed that polymer materials will play an increasingly important role in the future.。
高分子材料与工程专业英语课后答案ppt课件
–单轴取向聚合物的机械性能 –各向同性聚合物在外界应力的作用下发生的结构重排
现象称为取向。对于无定形聚合物而言，这种取向仅 是无规线团分子链的重排（即分子取向）。结晶聚合 物的取向现象则较为复杂，微晶可重新取向甚至完全 重排，取向的重结晶可由施加的应力诱导。结晶材料 的重排现象可由其X射线衍射图案得到证实。 –几乎所有的聚合物都有某些取向：在样品成型过程中， 由于各种流动会发生分子取向，且在制品冷却过程中 部分取向会“冻结”在样品内部。但此类取向与拉伸 处理过程中的引力诱导取向相比可忽略不计。 –取向对聚合物的机械性能影响较大，取向聚合物在不 同方向的性能存在差异，及它们是各向异性的。 –丝、带和棒等沿一个方向进行拉伸时会发生单轴取向， 通常该过程是在略高于玻璃化转变温度的温度下进行 的。此时，聚合物分子链趋于沿拉伸方向平行排列， 尽管只有一小部分分子链段会形成完美的取向。
举例而言假定溶液中最终聚合物的浓度为10假如聚合反应潜热为698kjkg溶剂的比热为2093jkgk溶剂加入反应器时的温度为67度该温度远低于最终反应温度并足够能移走全部的聚合反应热
Unit 1 Exercises 1 translate the following into Chinese
并不是所有的聚合物都是由单一种类的重复单元键接 构成。另一个极端情况是， 蛋白子分子是n个氨基酸 重复单元键和在一起的聚酰胺。虽然在这种情况下， 我们仍可称n为聚合度，但已没什么意义，因为一个氨 基酸可以是蛋白质中20多种分子中的任何一个。在这 种情况下，通常用来描述分子的是分子量本身，而不 是聚合度。当各种氨基酸的实际含量已知，对生物化 学家和生物学家来说尤其感兴趣的是他们的序列。
–另外，虫胶的化学降解产物的气相色谱分析证 明，虫胶中存在几种饱和的和不饱和的长链脂 肪酸、其他多种羟基取代酸及非脂肪族化合物。
高分子材料(专业)ppt课件
22.07.2021
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材料科学与工程学院
（2）陶瓷材料：传统陶瓷指：陶器、瓷器、玻璃、水 泥，性能硬、脆； 现代陶瓷指：所有无机非金属材料的总称。
近三十年来，以氧化物（例Al3O2)、氮化物（例Si3N4) 和碳化物（例SiC）等高纯化合物为原料，经过传统陶 瓷生产工艺制成的无机多晶产品，已成为：
高温材料：例：火箭喷气口、高温电炉发热体；
功能材料：光导纤维；
的主力军。
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材料科学与工程学院
（3）复合材料：高的比强度、高的刚度、低的密度 等，是单一材料和合金难以比拟的。
（4）非金属材料不是金属材料的代用品，而是具有 优越性能的不可缺少的材料。例如;
美国“哥伦比亚”号航天飞机，机身覆盖一万多 块隔热绝热陶瓷，以保护飞机。
震、消音、耐高温等。
密度：钢7.8、铝 2.7、高分子 0.8-2.0； 耐腐蚀：金属难以与陶瓷相比； 耐高温：金属耐热钢＜800℃、镍基合金＜1000℃、
钼基合金＜1300℃、陶瓷工作温度1700-2000℃；
22.07.2021
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材料科学与工程学院
2.非金属材料的发展史：
（1）高分子材料：1920年，确立了“大分子链结构 学说”，合成高分子材料诞生。 发展很快，就体积来说。 1983年：与钢铁材料相当； 1985年：占工程材料54％，金属占38％； 2000年：3.5万吨，体积是金属材料的4倍；
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g
C N
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材料科学与工程学院 共 聚
ⅰ、共聚反应表达式：n(xAyB) (Ax-By)n
高分子材料英语
高分子材料英语Polymer materials, also known as macromolecular materials, are high molecular weight compounds formed by the polymerization of monomers. They are widely used in various fields due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. In this document, we will explore the characteristics and applications of polymer materials in the field of high polymer materials.Firstly, polymer materials have a wide range of applications in the field of engineering and construction. For example, polymer composites, such as carbon fiber reinforced polymers, are widely used in the construction of aircraft, automobiles, and other transportation equipment due to their high strength and light weight. Additionally, polymer materials are also used in the construction of infrastructure, such as bridges and buildings, due to their excellent corrosion resistance and durability.Furthermore, polymer materials play an important role in the field of biomedical engineering. Biocompatible polymers, such as polyethylene glycol and polylactic acid, are widely used in the production of medical devices and implants. These materials are biodegradable and non-toxic, making them suitable for use in the human body. In addition, polymer materials are also used in drug delivery systems, such as polymer nanoparticles, which can effectively deliver drugs to specific targets in the body.Moreover, polymer materials have a wide range of applications in the field of electronics and information technology. For example, conductive polymers, such as polyaniline and polythiophene, are used in the production of flexible electronic devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes and organic solar cells. Additionally, polymer materials are also used in the production of insulating materials and packaging materials for electronic products.In conclusion, polymer materials play a crucial role in various fields due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. From engineering and construction to biomedical engineering and electronics, polymer materials have a wide range ofapplications. As technology continues to advance, the development of new polymer materials with improved properties will further expand their applications in the future.。
高分子复合材料的英语介绍
Composite materials appeared very early in human technology ,the “structural” properties of straw were combined with a clay matrix to produce the first construction materials and ,more recently ,steel reinforcement opened the wa复y 合to材th料e f在er人roc类o技nc术ret史e 上tha出t i现s t得he很la早st， ce人ntu们ry把d秸om秆in的an结t 构ma特te性ria与l i粘n c土iv基il 质结合 en起gin来e，eri形ng成. 了第一种建筑材料。而且在
不远的时间里，钢筋加固使得钢筋混凝 土得以产生，这种材料在上世界土木工
程中占主导地位。
As a matter of fact ,the modern development of polymeric materials and high modulus fibres (carbon ,aramidic ) introduced a new generation of composites .The most relevant benefit has been the possibility of energetically convenient manufacturing associated with the low weight features .
exploring new markets in field of polymeric
高分子材料 BOPP简介
2
Oriented amorphous regions mainly through large Easy solution-oriented structured arrangement of molecules obtained by transverse heated. But compared with the orientation of the amorphous regions, the impact on the material properties of the crystalline portion is relatively weak.
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Chp3 服务内容
History
At the end of 2002, the national BOPP manufacturers to achieve 56, 92 production lines (including 1.5 ~ 25000 tons of high-speed, wide production line 25), annual production capacity of about 960000 tons (including high-speed line 580000 tons, accounting for 60%). By the end of 2003, China had 82 BOPP film factory, 123 production lines, production capacity of about 1400000 tons. Since then China has become the global BOPP output power, the relationship between supply and demand China Asian region and even the new changes