四川大学高分子专业外语PPT

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高分子材料专业英语最终稿 ppt课件

高分子材料专业英语最终稿 ppt课件
The table was turned upside down(桌子被翻了个) .
书Th面e b科uf技fe英r l语iq常ui这d w样as写u:sed up(缓冲液用完了). The flask is then removed. The table was inverted[in'və:tid] . The buffer liquid was consumed.
20Biblioteka ondensorrotary evaporator Desiccator
Soxhlet extractor
21
funnel
dropping funnel
Buchner funnel separating funnel
22
respirator
mask
23
burette
Pipettes
The experimenter sucked up 20cc of acid into a pipette
11
本科生教学目的
掌握基本的专业英语词汇; 能阅读和翻译一般的专业英语文献; 较为正确地撰写论文摘要;
经12
1.Purify the material by distillation and/or recrystallisation . Record the M.p. or, if liquid, the B.p. and the refractive index
Bi Bismuth
VIA
O Oxygen S Sulfur Se Selenium Te Tellurium Po Polonium
VIIA Halogen h0 ælədʒən
He Helium
F Fluorine Ne Neon

高分子专业英语讲稿

高分子专业英语讲稿
5
as 引出的宾语补语有如下几种表示形式: (a). 名词 We usually define energy as the ability to do work. (b). 形容词 We often regard gas as compressible. We accept the conclusion as true. (c). 介词短语 We regard the conclusion as of consequence. (具有重要意义的) of consequence: 重要, 有名 (d). 分词或分词短语 (participle 分词) We treat the wire as disconnected. We consider the machine as representing the best one in our factory.
4
As 引出宾语补语、主语补语 (complement 补语) 1. As 引出宾语补语 We regard the sun as the chief source of heat and light. We consider radio waves as radiant (辐射的)energy. 科技英语中,常见如下结构: “动词(或动词性词组)+名词(或代词)+as+宾语补语” (a) to accept …as (b) to define… as (c) to consider…as (d) to refer to…as (e) to treat…as (f) to describe…as (h) to regard…as 把…承认为,承认…是 把…解释为,对…下的定义是 把…认为是 把…指为(叫做) 把…当作;以…来对待 把…描述为 把…看成
8
From the viewpoint of 根据……的观点 From the point of view of From the standpoint of 根据……的观点,站在…的立场上 think of…… as……把……认为是 “主语+被动态谓语+as+-ing”, “-ing”作主语补语 Water can be shown as containing admixtures (混合物). 可以证明水含有杂质 Only those substances which can be considered as being mixtures have a depressed melting point. 那些物质可以被认为是混合物,只有它们才具有较低的熔点。 * -ing 是being 时,being 常可以省略 This may be taken as (being) a result of overheating. More than one type of mistake may be thought of as (being) present.

四川大学高分子专业外语PPT

四川大学高分子专业外语PPT




S represent Styrene, providing rigidity and workability
Physicochemical properties

ABS resin is tiny yellow solid, with a certain toughness, density of about 1.04~1.06 g/cm3. It has a strong ability to resist acid, alkali and salt., and tolerance to organic solvent in a certain extent. ABS resin can be normal in the environment of -25 ~60, and has a good formability, the surface of the product is smooth and easy to be dyed and electroplating. Therefore, it can be used for household electrical appliances, toys and other daily necessities. Common Lego building blocks are ABS products. ABS resin and a variety of resin hybrid blends, such as PC / ABS, PVC, PA/ABS, ABS and other produce new properties and new application fields. Such as, ABS resin and PMMA Hybrid, can create a transparent ABS resin.

稳定与降解四川大学高分子材料PPT学习教案

稳定与降解四川大学高分子材料PPT学习教案

淀粉塑料主要由于快餐包装、
垃圾袋、食品包装等方面,是用 量最大的一类可降解包装材料。
其发展趋势为:研究改性塑料
性能的新方法、新技术,提高产
量,降低成本,扩大应用,特别
是在复合包装和组合包装上的应
用。
第49页/共55页
例:
* 日本:利用生物技术,以豆腐渣 为原料研制成可食性纤维包装材料。 进入自然环境后,可被微生物迅速 降解。
PHB的性质
脆性的高度结晶的不稳定的材料 平均结晶度80% 上限工作温度93℃ PHB的加工窗非常窄 耐化学性不佳
第11页/共55页
ICI公司开发的产品Biopol
Β-羟基丁酸(HB)和β-羟基戊酸 (HV)的共聚物(PHBV),其中 HV的摩尔分数0~30%
第12页/共55页
第13页/共55页
变慢
第20页/共55页
为了改善PLA的性能,采用与其他化合 物共聚的方法改性,如:PGLA, PLA/PEG共聚物
PLA可制成纤维、薄膜、棒、螺栓、板 和夹子,可用于食品包装,纸涂层,快 餐器具等,也可用在医疗用品上。
第21页/共55页
聚ε-己内酯 (PCL) 一种热塑性聚酯,刚性与中密度PE相似。
第25页/共55页
第26页/共55页
A. 天然高分子材料
包括多糖类如:纤维素、淀粉、 甲壳素;蛋白质类如:毛、丝等; 以及木质素、单宁、树皮等其它 天然产物,可望由此制得有利于 环境的结构材料。
缺点:
其耐水性、耐热性、力学性能等与 传统高分子第材27页料/共55尚页 有较大差距。
例;
* 甲壳素与壳聚糖纤维、薄膜
第46页/共55页
① 容器包装材料中的降解材料
目前的主要方法是在现有食品

高分子材料与工程专业英语课后答案ppt课件

高分子材料与工程专业英语课后答案ppt课件

–单轴取向聚合物的机械性能 –各向同性聚合物在外界应力的作用下发生的结构重排
现象称为取向。对于无定形聚合物而言,这种取向仅 是无规线团分子链的重排(即分子取向)。结晶聚合 物的取向现象则较为复杂,微晶可重新取向甚至完全 重排,取向的重结晶可由施加的应力诱导。结晶材料 的重排现象可由其X射线衍射图案得到证实。 –几乎所有的聚合物都有某些取向:在样品成型过程中, 由于各种流动会发生分子取向,且在制品冷却过程中 部分取向会“冻结”在样品内部。但此类取向与拉伸 处理过程中的引力诱导取向相比可忽略不计。 –取向对聚合物的机械性能影响较大,取向聚合物在不 同方向的性能存在差异,及它们是各向异性的。 –丝、带和棒等沿一个方向进行拉伸时会发生单轴取向, 通常该过程是在略高于玻璃化转变温度的温度下进行 的。此时,聚合物分子链趋于沿拉伸方向平行排列, 尽管只有一小部分分子链段会形成完美的取向。
举例而言假定溶液中最终聚合物的浓度为10假如聚合反应潜热为698kjkg溶剂的比热为2093jkgk溶剂加入反应器时的温度为67度该温度远低于最终反应温度并足够能移走全部的聚合反应热
Unit 1 Exercises 1 translate the following into Chinese
并不是所有的聚合物都是由单一种类的重复单元键接 构成。另一个极端情况是, 蛋白子分子是n个氨基酸 重复单元键和在一起的聚酰胺。虽然在这种情况下, 我们仍可称n为聚合度,但已没什么意义,因为一个氨 基酸可以是蛋白质中20多种分子中的任何一个。在这 种情况下,通常用来描述分子的是分子量本身,而不 是聚合度。当各种氨基酸的实际含量已知,对生物化 学家和生物学家来说尤其感兴趣的是他们的序列。
–另外,虫胶的化学降解产物的气相色谱分析证 明,虫胶中存在几种饱和的和不饱和的长链脂 肪酸、其他多种羟基取代酸及非脂肪族化合物。

高分子专业专业英语1ppt课件

高分子专业专业英语1ppt课件


What are polymers?
polymer n polymeric adj
polymer chain polymeric carrier polymeric catalyst polymeric surfactant polypolyethytlene polyester
words
words


macromolecule n macromolecular adj macromacroion 高分子离子 macromer 高分子单体 macromonomer macroradical 高分子自由基
words

monomer n monomeric adj monomer concentration monomer reactivity monomer selectivity monomeric unit monomeric reactivity ratio

polymerization n polymerizable adj polymerize v polymerized adj
polymerizable monomer polymerization activity polymerization constant polymerization inhibitor polymerization in situ polymerized oil
Sentences
As an example, a gaseous compound (called butadiene), (with a molecular weight of 54), combines [nearly 4000 times] and gives a polymer (known as polybutadiene (a synthetic rubber) with about 200 000 molecular weight)

第五章四川大学高分子流变ppt课件

第五章四川大学高分子流变ppt课件
.
3、挤出量
由于双螺杆啮合过程中存在四个间隙,从而产生四种漏流。因此, 双螺杆挤出机的实际挤出量(Q)必然较理论挤出量(Qc)低, 即实际挤出量为
Q 2 iN U c Q t 2 Q f 2 i(Q c Q s)
.
对于螺杆几何形状对挤出量的影响
改变四面体间隙(以螺纹壁面角 表示)
压延间隙( c )
2、螺杆结构的组成
螺 :螺纹元件、控合盘元件和齿形元件等螺杆元件
杆 3、功能 挤 出 :输送、熔化、分配混合和分散混合、熔体脱出挥发物以及加压

.
组合式螺杆料筒
.
4、螺杆元件及其主要功能
首先,螺纹元件是输送物料的元件
同 正向螺纹元件 反向螺纹元件 向
啮 正向螺纹元件


定义:螺纹是右旋的,其输送方向与挤出机方向相同,但其螺
.
2 硬PVC的熔化
实验原料: 100份PVC树脂 2.5份二碱式硬脂酸铅 0.4份硬脂酸钙 0.3份蜡
实验仪器:锥形双螺杆挤出机 实验目的:研究硬PVC的熔化
.
实验结果 首先,在宏观上,从螺槽取样分析,可识别固体床和熔体池的特性
对于所研究的加工条件范围,熔化发生很突然,它是在熔化区开 始的一个C形室内
第五章 双螺杆挤出机内的流动
.
Contents
1 反向啮合双螺杆挤出机内的流动
高速同向(旋转)啮合双螺杆
2
挤出机内的流动
3
低速同向(旋转)啮合双螺杆 挤出机内的流动
4 非啮合型双螺杆挤出机内的流动
.
概述
1、定义

:一般是指在一根两相交孔组成“”截面的料筒内由两根

相互啮合或相切的阿基米德螺杆构成的挤出装置

《四川大学高分子物理课件第四章非晶态高聚物》

《四川大学高分子物理课件第四章非晶态高聚物》

《四川大学高分子物理课件第四章非晶态高聚物》教学内容:本节课的教学内容选自四川大学高分子物理课件第四章非晶态高聚物。

本章主要介绍非晶态高聚物的结构、性质和行为。

具体内容包括非晶态高聚物的分子结构、热稳定性、机械性能、溶剂化作用以及非晶态高聚物的结晶行为等。

教学目标:1. 使学生了解非晶态高聚物的分子结构,理解其热稳定性和机械性能的特点。

2. 培养学生对非晶态高聚物的溶剂化作用和结晶行为的理解。

3. 通过对非晶态高聚物的学习,培养学生对高分子物理的兴趣和好奇心。

教学难点与重点:重点:非晶态高聚物的分子结构、热稳定性、机械性能、溶剂化作用以及结晶行为。

难点:非晶态高聚物的结晶行为及其对材料性能的影响。

教具与学具准备:教具:PPT课件、黑板、粉笔。

学具:笔记本、课本、彩色笔。

教学过程:一、情景引入(5分钟)通过展示一些日常生活中的非晶态高聚物材料(如聚乙烯、聚丙烯等),引导学生思考这些材料的结构与性能之间的关系。

二、知识讲解(15分钟)1. 非晶态高聚物的分子结构:介绍非晶态高聚物的分子结构特点,如无规则排列、链段运动受限等。

2. 热稳定性:讲解非晶态高聚物的热稳定性特点,如玻璃化转变温度、热膨胀系数等。

3. 机械性能:介绍非晶态高聚物的机械性能特点,如弹性模量、屈服强度等。

4. 溶剂化作用:讲解非晶态高聚物的溶剂化作用原理,如溶剂选择性、溶胀度等。

5. 结晶行为:介绍非晶态高聚物的结晶行为,如结晶度、结晶速率等。

三、例题讲解(15分钟)举例讲解非晶态高聚物的结晶行为对其性能的影响,如结晶度对机械性能的影响、结晶速率对溶剂化作用的影响等。

四、随堂练习(10分钟)布置随堂练习题,让学生结合所学知识,分析非晶态高聚物的结构与性能之间的关系。

五、课堂小结(5分钟)板书设计:非晶态高聚物1. 分子结构:无规则排列、链段运动受限2. 热稳定性:玻璃化转变温度、热膨胀系数3. 机械性能:弹性模量、屈服强度4. 溶剂化作用:溶剂选择性、溶胀度5. 结晶行为:结晶度、结晶速率作业设计:1. 请描述非晶态高聚物的分子结构特点。

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Advantage

Impact resistance heat resistance low temperature resistance chemical resistance
Packaging and storage

Polypropylene film woven bag packaging, net weight 25kg/ bag. Can be used by car, train, ship, etc.. The process of storage and transportation should be waterproof, dustproof, fireproof, sunscreen, anti pollution etc.. Storage should be placed in a dry, well ventilated warehouse, to prevent direct sunlight exposure, should not be open to storage, product should be separated from the pile up. Should not be stored or shipped with chemicals and flammable materials.
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene(ABS)
1st team 8th homework by Xu
WHAT IS ABS resin?


ABS resin usually refers to the graft copolymer of polybutadiene rubber and styrene monomer and acrylonitrile Among it, A represent Acrylonitrile, providing chemical resistance and thermal stability B represent Butadiene,providing toughness and resistance

The electrical insulation of ABS is good, and it is almost not influenced by temperature, humidity and frequency, which can be used in most circumstances. ABS is not affected by water, inorganic salt, alkali and influence of various acids, but soluble in ketones, aldehydes and chlorinated hydrocarbon, glacial acetic acid, vegetable oil, etc. erosion will produce stress cracking. ABS has poor weather resistance, which can be easily produced under the action of ultraviolet light. After half a year, the impact strength is reduced by half. ABS same as PS is a kind of high performance thermoplastic, can be processed by common processing method.



S represent Styrene, providing rigidity and workability
Physicochemical properties

ABS resin is tiny yellow solid, with a certain toughness, density of about 1.04~1.06 g/cm3. It has a strong ability to resist acid, alkali and salt., and tolerance to organic solvent in a certain extent. ABS resin can be normal in the environment of -25 ~60, and has a good formability, the surface of the product is smooth and easy to be dyed and electroplating. Therefore, it can be used for household electrical appliances, toys and other daily necessities. Common Lego building blocks are ABS products. ABS resin and a variety of resin hybrid blends, such as PC / ABS, PVC, PA/ABS, ABS and other produce new properties and new application fields. Such as, ABS resin and PMMA Hybrid, can create a transparent ABS resin.

ABS resins are generally opaque, the appearance of a pale ivory, with any color; ABS non-toxic, non smelly, tough, hard, a rigid and has good resistance to temperature and creep resistance; ABS waterproof, normal temperature water absorption rate less than 1%, the surface can be polished; ABS with excellent mechanical properties, excellent impact strength can used at very low temperatures; ABS excellent wear resistance, good dimensional stability, but also has oil resistance, can be used for medium load and speed of the bearing. The creep resistance of ABS is higher than that of PSF and PC, but it is smaller than POM and PA. The bending strength and compressive strength of ABS are poor. The mechanical properties of ABS were influenced by temperature. The thermal deformation temperature of 93~118 is ABS, and the product can be improved about 10 after annealing treatment. ABS can show a certain degree of toughness at -40, which can be used in the temperature range of -40~100.
Bending strength:59~78MPa
Martin heat resistance:74-85℃
Product performance

ABS resin has appearance of micro yellow opaque, relative density of 1.04. It has good dimensional stability, outstanding impact resistance, heat resistance, dielectric properties, wear resistance, good surface gloss, easy coating and coloring, etc..
Production method

ABS resin is the raw material of butadiene, styrene and acrylonitrile. Via emulsion polymerization process of polybutadiene latex, then the latex with styrene and acrylonitrile by emulsion graft copolymerization, of ABS powd er . AS ( SAN) em ulsion was pr epar ed by suspension polymerization. ABS powder, SAN milk powder and a variety of additives are mixed in a certain proportion, the extrusion granulation, and ultimately get ABS resin products

It is one of the most rapidly developing varieties of styrene resin, and ABS resin is one of the largest and most widely used polymer blends. Not only has the excellent mechanical properties of tough, hard and rigid, but also has excellent chemical resistance, dimensional stability, surface gloss, low temperature resistance, stain resistance and processing performance. ABS resin has been developing extremely rapidly since 1947. In the world, the annual demand of ABS resin increases with the speed of 5%~8%. In our country, the annual demand is growing at a rate of 15%.
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