2_lecture_9_jan_14
期末测试题---Mr.Lee
期末考试预测题--- Mr. Lee1. My younger brother dreams ___________ a spaceman.A. of becomingB. to becomeC. becomingD. of to become2. _______this magazine _______ Jan ?A. Is; belonged toB. Does; belong toC. Is; belongedD. Is; belonging3. The car _______ on half way so we had to walk to school..A. broke upB. broke outC. broke offD. broke down4. _______ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are makingprogress.A. ItB. ThatC. AsD. Which5. He is such a lazy man _______ nobody wants to work with ______.A. that; /B. as; himC. whom; himD. as; /6. -----Peter, hurry up! You ______ on the phone.------Oh, I ______. Thank you.A. are being wanted; will comeB. are wanted; am comingC. want, comeD. will be wanted; should come7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, __________ the sailingtime was 226 days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from whichD. for which8．He suggested that the doctor ___________ at once.A. be sent forB. was sent forC. was going to be sent forD. must be sent for9. When talking to a friend over the telephone, you feel that you are close _________ theactual distance is not shortened.A. so long asB. as ifC. even ifD. as well as10. ----Do you doubt _______ she can run the race?---- Yes, I doubt _______ she can run against Liu XiangA. that; whetherB. whether; thatC. that; thatD. whether; if11．-----What are on show in the museum?-----Some photos _________ by American children.A. were takenB. are takenC. takenD. are being taken12. __________ the lecture going on, the students got more and more interested.A. WithB. WhileC. DuringD. As13. Einstein was __________ a great scientist. He did a lot for human rights and progress.A. no more thanB. not more thanC. more thanD. as much as14._______ breaks the law should be punished.A. AnyoneB. Those whoC. No matter whoD. Anyone who15. It was not until dark ______ he found that it was the correct way to solve the problem.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. when16. Rainforests __________ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from theearth in the near future.A. cutB. are cutC. are being cutD. had been cut17. I’d like to buy a house ---modern, comfortable, and _________ in a quiet neighborhood.A. in allB. above allC. after allD. at all18. Those who want to say anything more _________ your hand and then_______ to speak.A. rise; raiseB. raise; riseC. raise; raiseD. rise; rise19. ----When do you think _____ he_____ the dictionary?-----Sorry. I have no idea.A. had; boughtB. has; boughtC. did; buyD./; bought20. We expect her to do the housework as well _________ after the children.A. as lookB. as lookingC. and lookD. looking第二节完形填空I was walking down the road one day when my cell phone rang. I heard a little girl on the other end (41)______ ,”Dad, please come back soon. I miss you so much!”Because I just have a little son, I knew it was a wrong number, so I rudely (42)________, “ You’ve dialed the wrong number!” and then hung up.Then one day she continually called me, (43)______ I didn’t answer. In the end, I answered the phone and heard a torpid(有气无力的)voice, “ Dad, please come back. I miss you so much! Dad, I’m in so much pain! Mom said you were too busy to take (44)______ of me. But ,Dad, Please kiss me again, OK?”The kind of request was difficult to reject. I made a loud kiss on the phone and heard the (45)_______ voice say, “Thank you--- Dad, I am so--- happy---”Shortly after this, I became curious about who had been on the other end of my phone. So I called back, and a woman answered , “sorry , sir. I am really sorry to have (46)________ you. My daughter has suffered from bone cancer since she was born. And her father ---died in an accident last week. I 47)_______ not tell her the news, Poor baby, whenshe couldn’t (48)________ the pain, she would cry for her dad, who had always (49)_________ her , I really couldn’t bear it , so I gave her a random phone number---““How is your daughter now?” I couldn’t wait to ask. “ She has (50)______. You must have kissed her on the phone, because she went with a smile,” she said,” and I’m glad that she gets rid of the pain and stays with her father forever,” I couldn’t keep my tears back.41．A. shout B. cry C. scream D. call42. A. replied B. returned C. announced D. questioned43. A. even if B. as if C. in case D. now that44. A. charge B. control C. notice D. care45. A. sweet B. deep C. loud D. weak46. A. confused B. troubled C, displeased D. found47. A. must B. dare C. need D. should48. A. stand B. prepare C. calm D. master49. A. encouraged B. persuaded C. excited D. delighted50. A. recovered B. missed C. lost D. gone。
重庆市2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题(无答案)
重庆市高2026届高二（上）半期考试英语试卷（考试时间: 120 分钟满分: 150 分）注意事项:1. 答第I卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上, 否则无效。
第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）第一节听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How much should the girl pay?A. £2.50.B. £4.00.C. £5.00.2. What does the woman's sister look like?A. She has short black hair.B. She wears a brown hat.C. She wears glasses.3. What is the woman doing?A. Asking for directions.B. Having a driving test.C. Studying road signs.4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a classroom.B. In a restaurant.C. In a supermarket.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A football match.B. TV programs.C. Tea.第二节听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对诺或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
Lecture 2 (new)
Design of Survey Research
• 1. Choose an appropriate mode of response - Reliable primary modes
*Personal interview *urvey
- Less reliable self-selection modes (not appropriate for making inferences about the population) • TV survey • Internet survey • Printed survey • Product or service questionnaires
Discrete variable
A discrete variable can only take individually separated values that usually occur through the process of counting, and not any value in between two given values For example, number of children in a family could take values such as 0, 1, 2, 3, etc., thus is a discrete variable. Data collected on a discrete variables is called …………. Discrete data are numeric data that have a finite number of possible values. Discrete random variables yield numerical response that arise from a counting process
2014年考研英语二真题答案
2014年考研英语二真题答案在2014年的考研英语二真题中，学生们面临了一系列的问题和挑战。
本文将为您提供2014年考研英语二真题的详细答案和解析，帮助您更好地理解和掌握考试内容。
【第一部分：阅读理解】Passage 1题目：Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage about Sir Alex Ferguson?答案：A. Statistical records of Sir Alex Ferguson's career.解析：文章中提到了许多关于弗格森爵士的信息，例如他的战绩、荣誉等等，但并没有提到有关他的职业生涯的统计数据。
Passage 2题目：According to the passage, the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road are aimed at ________.答案：D. enhancing regional connectivity解析：文章中提到了“一带一路”倡议的目标是增强区域互联互通，这与选项D中提到的“提升区域互联互通”的意思相符。
Passage 3题目：It can be inferred from the passage that the rise of Asia is partly due to ________.答案：C. th ability of Asian countries to adjust to changes解析：文章中提到了亚洲国家在适应变化方面的能力是亚洲崛起的一部分原因。
【第二部分：完形填空】题目略。
【第三部分：概括大意与完成句子】Passage 1题目：The research discovered that GPS navigation reduces the brain's tendency to ________.答案：B. create mental maps解析：文章中提到，使用GPS导航会减少人们大脑建立心理地图的倾向。
高级英语第二册第十四课学习辅导资料
paigns celebrating the Big Apple, those T-shirts with a heart design proclaiming “I love New York,”are signs, pathetic in their desperation, of how the m ighty has fallen. New York City used to leave the bragging to others, for bragg ing w as “bush” Being unique, the biggest and the best, New York didn’t have to assert how special it was.’t the top anym ore, at least if the top is m easured by who begets the styles and sets the trends. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste as often as it is out of step with Am erican politics. Once it was the nation’s undisputed fashion authority, but it too long resisted the incom ing casual style and lost its m onopoly. No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing Am erican trends, a place to escape Comm on Denom inator Land.ore and m ore evident. A dozen other cities have buildings m ore inspired architecturally than any built in New York City in the past twenty years. The giant Manhattan television studios where Toscanini’s NBCSym phony once played now sit empty m ost of the time, while sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, preem pt the airways from California. Tin Pan Alley has m oved to Nashville and Hollywood. Vegas casinos routinely pay heavy sum s to singers and entertainers whom no nightspot in Manhattan can afford to hire. In sports, the bigger superdom es, the m ore exciting teams, them ost enthusiastic fans, are often found elsewhere.–being regarded as unfriendly, unsafe, overcrowded, and expensive –but it is m aking som ething of a com eback as a tourist attraction. Even so, m ost Americans would probably rate New Orleans, San Francisco, Washington, or Disneyland higher. A dozen other cities, including m yhom etown of Seattle, are widely considered better cities to live in.any Europeans call New York their favorite city? They take m ore readily than do m ost Americans to its cosm opolitan com plexities, its surviving, aloof, European standards, its alien mixtures. Perhaps som e of these Europeans are reassured by the sight, on the twin fashion avenues of Madison and Fifth, of all those familiar international nam es – the jewelers, shoe stores, and designer shops that exist to flatter and bilk the frivolous rich. But no; what m ost excites Europeans is the city’s charged, nervous atm osphere, its vulgar dynam ism .share of articulate losers, it is also about m ockery, the put-down , the loser’s shrug (“whaddya gonna do?”). It is about constant battles for subway seats, for a cabdriver’s or a clerk’s or a waiter’s attention, for a foothold , a chance, a better address, a larger billing. To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proxim ity to the frustrated majority.e. And though I have lived there m ore than half m y life, you won’t find m e wearing an “I Love New York”T-shirt. But all in all, I can’t think of m any places in the world I’d rather live. It’s not easy to define why.’s pleasures are m uch qualified in New York. You never see a star-filledsky; the city’s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens. Sunsets can be spectacular: oranges and reds tinting the sky over the Jersey m eadows and gaudily reflected in a thousand windows on Manha ttan’s jagged skyline. Nature constantly yields to m an in New York: witness those fragile sidewalk trees gamely struggling against encroaching cem ent and petrol fum es. Central Park, which Frederick Law Olm sted designed as lungs for the city’s poor, i s in places grassless and filled with trash, no longer pristine yet lively with the noise and vivacity of people, largely youths, blacks, and Puerto Ricans, enjoying them selves. On park benches sit older people,m ostly white, looking displaced. It has becom e less a tranquil park than an untidy carnival.our of the city, which never beckoned to m e from a distance, but itsopportunity –to practice the kind of journalism I wanted –drew me to New York. I wasn’t even sure how I’d m easure up against others who had been m ore soundly educated at Ivy League schools, or whether I could com pete against that tough local breed, those intellectual sons of immigrants, so highly m otivated and single-minded, such as Alfred Kazin, who for div ersion (for heaven’t sake!) played Bach’s Unaccompanied Partitas on the violin.ost banal and m arketable of one’s talents, still draws m any of the young to New York. That and, as always, the com pany of others fleeing som ething constricting where they cam e from. Together these young share a freedom, a community of inexpensive am usements, a casualliving, and som e rough tim es. It can’t be the living conditions that appeal, for only fond mem ory will forgive the inconvenience, risk, and squalor. Comm ercial Broadway m ay be inaccessible to them, but there is off- Broadway, and then off-off-Broadway. If painters disdain Madison Avenue’s plush art galleries, Madison Avenue dealers set up shop in the grubby precincts of Soho. But the purity of a bohem ian dedication can be exaggerated. The artistic young inhabit the sam e Greenwich Village and its fringes in which the experim entalists in the arts lived during the Depression, united by a world against them. But the present generation is enough of a subculture to be a source of profitable boutiques and coffeehouses. And it is not all that estranged.ost respects from mainland America, but in two areas it remains dominant. It is the banking and the comm unications headquarters for America. In both these roles it ratifies m ore than it creates. Wall Street will advance the m illions to m ake a Hollywood m ovie only if convinced that a bestselling title o r a star name will ensure its success. The networks’ news centers are here, and the largest book publishers, and the biggest m agazines – and therefore the largest body of critics to appraise the films, the plays, the m usic, the books that others have created. New York is a judging town, and often invokes standards that the rest of the country deplores or ignores. A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.arkets and devising the catchy jingles that will m ove m illions from McDonald’s to Burger king, so that the adagency’s “creative director”can lunch instead in Manhattan’s expense-account French restaurants. The bankers and the admen. The m arketing specialists and a thousand well-paid ancillary service people, really set the city’s brittle tone— catering to a wide American public whose num bers m ust be respected but whose tastes do not have to shared. The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity. So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers— as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers.surprised by the lack of cynicism, particularly am ong the younger ones, of those who work in such fields. The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype, delights in much of it, and has no scruples about practicing it. Men and wom an do their jobs professionally, and, like the pilots who from great heights bom bed Hanoi, seem unmarked by it. They lead their real lives elsewhere, in the Village bars they are indistinguishable in dress or behavior from would-be artists, actors, and writers. The boundaries of “art for art’s sake” aren’t so rigid anym ore; art itself is less sharply defined, and those whose paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’ get acting jobs do comm ercials; those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the m agazines. Besides, serious art often feeds in the popular these days, changing it with fond irony.e the newcom ers find or from their won worlds; Manhatten is m any such words, huddled together but rarely interaction. I think this is what gives the city itssense of freedom. There are enough like you, whatever you are. And it isn’t asnecessary to know anything about an apartm ent neighbor- or to worry about his judgm ent of you- as it is about som eone with an adjoining yard. In New York, like seeks like, and by econom y of effort excludes the rest as stranger. This distancing, this uncaring in ordinary encounters, has another side: in no other Am erican city can the lonely be as lonely.uch m ore needs to be said. New Your is a wounded city, declining in its am enities . Overloaded by its tax burdens. But it is not dying city; the streets are safer than they were five years age; Broadway, which seem ed to be succumbing to the tawdriness of its environm ent, is astir again.enace, the noise, the brusqueness- all confirm outsiders in their conviction that they wouldn’t live here if you gave them the place. Yet show a New Yorker a splendid hom e in Dallas, or a swimming pool and cabana in Beverly Hills, and he will be admiring but not envious. So m uch of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world. Too static, the New Yorker would say. Tell him about the vigor of your outdoor pleasures; he prefers the unhealthy hassle andthe vitality of urban life. He is hopelessly provincial. To him New York- despite its faults,which her will impat iently concede (“so what else is new?”) — is the spoiler of all other American cities.erican cities to visit first-rate art m useum s, to hear good m usic and see lively experim ental theater, to m eet intelligent and sophisticated people who know how to live, dine, and talk well; and to enjoy all this in congenial and spacious surroundings. The New Yorkers still wouldn’t want to live there.issing is what m any outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New York –its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracingcom petitiveness; the rigor of its judgm ents; and the congested, dem ocratic presence of so m any other New Yorkers, encased in their own worlds, the defeated are not hidden away som ewhere else on the wrong side of town. In the subways, in the buses, in the streets, it is impossible to avoid people whose lives are harder than yours. With the desperate, the ill, the fatigued, the overwhelm ed, one learns not to strike upcon versation (which isn’t wanted ) but to m ake brief, sy m pathetic eye contact, to include them in the hum an race. It isn’t m uch, but it is the fleeting hospitality of New Yorkers, each jealous of his privacy in the crowd. Ever helpfulness is often delivered as a taunt: a m an, rushing the traffic light, shouts the m an behind him. “ You want to be wearing a Buick with Jersey plates?” — great scorn in the word Jersey, hom e of drivers who don’t belong here.’s definition, New York is m ongrel city. It is in fact the first truly international m etropolis. No other great city- not London, Paris, Rom e or Tokyo- plays host (or hostage) to so m any nationalities. The m ix is m uch wider- Asians, Africans, Latins - that when that tumultuous variety of European crowded ashore at Ellis Island.The newcom ers are never fully absorbed, but are added precariously to the undigested many.20 New York is too big to be dom inated by any group, by Wasps or Jews or blacks, or by Catholics of m any origins —Irish, Italian, Hispanic. All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be reckoned with and tough in asserting their claim s, but none is powerful enough to subdue the others. Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously, regarding it as an unworkable m ixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and the hypocritical. But New Yorkers them selves are in training in how to live together in a diversity of races- the necessary initiation into the future.education in sights and sm ells. There is wonderful variety of places to eat or shop, and though the m ost successful of such places are likely to touristy hybridcom prom ises, they too have genuine roots. Other Am erican cities have ethnic turfs jealously defended, but not, I think, such an adm ixture of groups, thrown together in such jarring juxtapositions . In the sam e way, avenues of high-rise luxury in New York are never far from poverty and m ean streets. The sadness and fortitude of New York must be celebrated, along with its treasures of art and m usic. The com bination is unstable; it produces friction, or an uneasy forbearance that som etimes becom es a real toleration.es a m atter of alternating m oods, often inthe sam e day. The place constantly exasperates , at times exhilarates . To m e it is the city of unavoidable experience. Living there, one has the reassurance of steadily confronting life.(from the Atlantic, Sept. 1978)NOTES1. Griffith: Thom as Griffith (1915--), Am erican writer and editor. Since 1974 he has been press colum nist, Time magazine; staff contributor, For-tune magazine; colum nist, Atlantic Monthly. He is an uprooted westerner who now calls New York hom e. Publications: The Waist-High Culture; How True? --A Sceptic 's Guide to Believing the News.2. the Big Apple: any large city; specifically New York City3. bush: rustic, countrified, belonging to sm all towns4. Comm on Denom inator Land: uniformity, comm onness, sam eness, the m onotonous, the hum drum5. sitcom s: situation com edies; a radio or television series that involves a continuing cast of characters in a succession of unconnected episodes6. cloned: grown like a clone, all the descendants being derived asexually from a single individual. Cloned and canned: produced and packed, all ready for immediate consum ption (showing).7. Johnny Carson: a m an who runs a late night talk show8. Nashville: Capital of Tennessee State, center of rock-and-roll9. Vegas: sam e as Las Vegas. See text I, exercise I.10. superdom es: extra big sport stadiums11. convention city: city where conventions (assem blies of m embers or delegates of a political, social, professional, or religious group) are regularly held.12. Madison: Madison Avenue13. Fifth: Fifth Avenue, fam ous for fashionable shops14. Whaddya gonna do?: What are you going to do? Connoting a cool lack of concern; indifference; nonchalance.15. Jersey: Jersey City16. Ivy League schools: referring to prominent north-eastern universities in the U.S., such as, Cornell, Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Colum bia and others. It connotes a certain degree of wealth, sophistication, re finem ent, social prominence, and the like.17. Kazin: Alfred Kazin (1915)), Am erican critic. Publications: On Native Grounds ; The Inm ost Leaf; Contemporaries ; and Bright Book of Life.18. Commercial Broadway: The New York comm ercial theater or entertainment industry19.off-off-Broadway: an avant-garde theatrical m ovem ent in New York that stresses untraditional techniques and radical experim entation. Its relation to off-Broadway being analogous to the relation of off-Broadway to Broadway.20. Soho: a district in New York. By the early 1970s the artist colony had shift- ed from Greenwich Village to Soho.21. best-selling title: title of best-selling books22. star nam e: nam e of star actor or actress23. networks: radio and television networks24. McDonald's : McDonald' s chain restaurant selling hamburger25. Burger King: a chain restaurant whose specialty is hamburger26. lunch in expense-account French restaurants: to lunch in expensive French restaurants with the bill being paid by the com pany or em ployer27. hype: extravagant prom otional advertising28. popular: pop art; a realistic art style, using techniques and popular subjects adapted from commercial art and the mass communications m edia29. Beverly Hills: city in California, surrounded by Los Angeles, fam ous for luxurious hom es of rich Hollywood actors and actresses30. So what else is new?: there is nothing new in what you say; connoting the listener is not im pressed nor interested31. You want to be wearing a Buick with Jersey plates?: Do you want to be knocked down by a car carrying a Jersey license plate? Connoting that the m an should have som e pride in being a New Yorker and not let him self be run over by a car from Jersey.32. touristy hybrid com prom ises: a m ixture of different racial characteristics which attracts tourists33. ethnic turfs: districts or areas inhabited by foreign-born Am ericansAims1)Im proving students’ability to read between lines and understand the text properly;2)Cultivating students’ability to m ake a creative reading;3)Enhancing students’ability to appreciate the text from different perspectives;4)Helping students to understand som e difficult words and expressions;5)Helping students to understanding rhetorical devices;6)Encouraging students to voice their own viewpoint fluently and accurately.Teaching Contents1)Background Knowledge2)Exposition3)Detailed Study of the Essay4)Organization Pattern5)Style and Language Features6)Special Difficulties课文讲解部分1. Background Knowledge1) About the author Thom as Griffith2) About New York City2. Exposition/~arnetha/expowrite/info.html3. Detailed study on Loving and hating New YorkPara.1-5 General introduction — setting forth the present status of New York in the United States and in the eye’s of foreignersTask: Collect evidence to show that “ How the m ighty has fallen.”New York = Big Apple = Mighty—Advertising campaigns publicly praise New York;—Many New Yorkers wear T-shirts with a heart design and the works “ I love New York”—New York is trying desperately to regain her lost prestige and status.Para.2-3: New York: Yesterday & TodayNew York CityYesterday TodayTop, highest, biggest isn’t any m oreLeading city sets styles and trends of nation out of phase with ______ as out of step withUndisputed fashion authority lost its undisputed leadershipLooked up to and im itated no longer so“Nowadays New York is out of phase with Am erican taste “—Nowadays New York connot understand nor follow the taste of the Am erican people and is often in disagreem ent with American politics.“No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends” —Since New York is no longer looked up to or copied as the undisputed fashion authority, it now boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends (styles, fashion) of America, that it is a place where people can escape from uniformity and comm onness.Question:1) From where we can see New York’s deficiencies as a pacesetter are m ore and m ore evident?—Building—Manhattan television studios—Tin Pan Alley—Hiring singers and entertainers—Sports2) The technique used to support author’s view is___________.Para.4: New York: in the eyes of AmericansCom eback: 1 a : a sharp or witty reply : retort b : a cause for com plaint 2 : a return to a form er position or condition (as of success or prosperity) :recovery, revival Para5 New York: in the eyes of foreigner.Question: Why do m any Europeans call New York their favorite city?—Cosm opolitan complexities—European standards—Mixture of m any foreigners—Many jewelers, shoe stores and designers shops—Familiar international nam es—Tense, restless atm osphere; its energetic pulse“… and designer shops that exist to flatter and bilk the frivolous rich.”These shops are set up to cheat and gratify the vanity of the silly rich peoplePara 6 New York: energy, contention and strivingConvention: angry disagreem entStriving: trying very hard to achieve or to defeat the othersPut-down: ( inform al) a remark or criticism intended to m ake the others feel stupid (令人难堪的话，噎人的话)“To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proxim ity to the frustrated majority.”— A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and anxiety ( because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce competition); a person who loses has to live am ong the defeated, who are in the m ajority in New York.Para.7: New York in author’s eyes.“New York was never Mecca to m e”Rhetorical devices em ployed in this sentence are: __________ and ___________.The author com pares New York to Mecca; and Mecca is standing for _______________.A place of holy pilgrimage, of a place one yearns to go.Para 8: New York: NatureQuestions:1) The topic sentence is ___________________.2) The rhetorical device employed in “ Nature constantly yields to m an in New York” is __________.3) Are there any other places uses the sam e rhetorical device as m entioned above? What’s the function of it?Para.9 New York: Opportunities & uncertainnessQuestions:1) What do “Ivy League Schools” refer to?2) Why did writer go and live in New York?Para.10: New York : in young people’s eyesQuestion: Why do young people still go to New York?—testing themselves—unwilling to surrender to their m ost comm on and easily sold talents—the fierce competition and challenge—standards of excellence dem anded“But the purity of a bohem ian dedication can be exaggerated.”—But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohem ian life style can be esaggerated. “But the present generation is enough of a subculture to be a source of profitable boutiques and coffeehouses.”As these young writers and artists have distinct cultural patterns of their own, m any businessm en open up profitable boutiques and coffeehouses to cater to their special tastes and interests.“And it is not all that estranged” “It” probably m eans _______________.Para.11: New York: A judging town“A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.”—In New York, a shrewd understanding or ability to appraise things is appreciated and paid for and skill and learning by themselves are not considered valuable.Para12: New York: An advertising CenterQuestion:1) The rhetorical device used in “The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s …” is _________. And “ The condescending view is the view of __________.2) In sentence “So does an attitude which sees….” The author com pares ______ to ______.Para 13: New York : Lack of cynicismTask: Collect evidence to show New York is lack of cynicism In sentence “ Men and wom en do their jobs professionally and, like pilots who from great heights bombed Hanoi …” the author compares_______ to ______.Para 14: New York: FreedomWhat gives the city its sense of freedom?Para 15: New York: Wounded not dyingAmenity: the attractiveness and value of real estate or of a residential structureTo succum b to: to fail to resist an attack, illness, temptationPara 16-18: New York: N ew Yorkers’ LoveNew Yorker who sees all the faults of the city still prefer to live in New YorkNew York’s faults:—Trash-strewn streets—Unruly school—Uneasy feeling or m enace—The noise—The brusqueness“He is hopeless provincial”—He will always be a New Yorker. His attitude towards and his love for New York will never change“New York … is the spoiler of all other American cities”—New York has spoiled all the other American cities for him.Para 19-10 New York: International MetropolisWhy is New York called an international m etropolis?Para.22: Loving and Hating New York1. exasperate: to excite the anger of; to cause irritation or annoyance to2. exhilarate: to m ake cheerful; to excite“The place constantly exasperates, at times exhilarat es.”—New York constantly irritates and annoys very m uch but at tim es it also invigorates and stimulates.Oral practice: Talking about the following questions:1. What is the main them e of this article? Where is it specifically stated?2. What technique does the writer use to develop his m ain them e? Is the technique effective? Cite exam ples.3. Comm ent on the diction of the writer. Pick out term s and phrases that you think are peculiarly American.4. Does the writer really both love and hate New York? Cite exam ples to back up your analysis.5. How m any paragraphs would you regard as being the introductory paragraphs. Why?6. What is the topic sentence of paragraph 8? How is the paragraph developed?7. Explain fully the following sentence from paragraph 11: “A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.”8. Pick out som e figures of speech which you think the writer has usid m ost effectively. Cite your reasons.Paraphrase:1. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste (Para 2)2. New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends. (Para 2)3. Sitcom s cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, pre-empt the airwaves from California (Para 3)4. It is m aking som ething of a com eback as a tourist attraction (Para 4)5. To win in New York is to be uneasy (Para 6)6. Nature’s pleasures are m uch qualified in New York. (Para 8)7. The city ‘s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens (Para 8)8. But the purity of a bohem ian de dication can be exaggerated. (Para 10)9. In both these roles it ratifies m ore than it creates. (Para 11)10. The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype (Para 13)11. Those who are writing am bitious novels sustain them selves on the m agazines. (Para 13)12. Broadway, which seem ed to be succum bing to the tawdriness of its environm ent, is astir again (Para 15)13. He prefers the unhealthy hassle and the vitality of urban life (Para 16)14. The defeated are not hidden away som e where else on the wrong side of town. (Para 18)15. The place constantly exasperates, at tim es exhilarates. (Para 22)4. Organization Pattern1) The thesis: Loving and hating New York or m ore specifically: Loving and hating New York becom es a m atter of alternating m oods, often in the sam e day.2) The thesis developed by both objective and em otional description of New York and the life and struggle of New Yorkers3) The structural organization of this essay: clear and sim ple5. Style and Language Features1) Full of Am erican English terms, phrases and constructions.T-shirtholdoutcom ebackput-downexpense-accountadmanhigh-risemeasure up2) Use of various rhetorical devices:metaphorpersonificationmetonym ytransferred epithetalliterationsim ilesynecdocheironyeuphem ism/carroll/faq3.htmlto6. Special Difficulties1) Identifying and understanding Am ericanisms in this essay2) Som e terms/phrases/structuresout-of-phasetelevision generationeconom y of effortwrong sidesitcom s cloned and cannedMeccameasure up againstIvy League schoolscommercial Broadway/off-Broadway/off-off-Broadway Madison Avenue/Wall Streetlike seeks likeWasps词汇(Vocabulary)bush (adj.) : rustic，countrified，belonging to small towns粗俗的；乡土气的；乡下的beget (v.) : bring into being；produce使产生，引起，招致holdout (n.) : [Americanism]a place that holds out [美语]坚固据点deficiency (n.) : the quality or state of being deficient; absence of something essential；a shortage 缺乏，缺少，欠缺；缺陷，不足之处pacesetter (n.) : a person that leads the way or serves as a model标兵sitcom (n.) : [口]situation comedy的缩略clone (v.) : derive all the descendants asexually from a single individual无性繁殖preempt (v.) : radio and TV]replace(a regularly scheduled program)[广播、电视]先占，先取得casino (n.) : a public room or building for entertainments．dancing，or，now specifically，gambling 俱乐部，娱乐场；(现尤指)赌场nightspot (n.) : nightclub夜总会bilk (v.) : cheat or swindle；defraud欺骗，蒙骗dynamism (n.) : the quality of being energetic，vigorous，etc．推动力；活力，精力，劲头put—down (n.) : [American slang]a belittling remark or crushing retort[美俚]贬低的话；反驳；无礼的回答foothold (n.) : a secure position from which it is difficult to be dislodged立足点，据点jostle (v.) : bump or push，as in a crowd；elbow or shove roughly(在人群中)拥挤；用肘推；撞proximity (n.) : the state or quality of being near；nearness in space，time，etc．最近；接近；(地方，时间等)最接近obscure (v.) : darken；make dim使黑暗；使朦胧tint (v.) : give a color or a shading of a color to着上(淡)色gaudy (adj.) : bright and showy, but lacking in good taste；cheaply brilliant and ornate华丽而俗气的，炫丽的。
(完整版)新概念第二册第14课课文讲解
Lesson 14 Do you speak English?I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, "Do you speak English?' As I soon learnt, he was English himself!'参考译文去年我有过一次有趣的经历。
在离开法国南部的一个小村庄后，我继续驶往下一个城镇。
途中，一个青年人向我招手。
我把车停下，他向我提出要求搭车。
他一上车，我就用法语向他问早上好，他也同样用法语回答我。
除了个别几个单词外，我根本不会法语。
旅途中我们谁也没讲话。
就要到达那个镇时，那青年突然开了口，慢慢地说道：“你会讲英语吗？”我很快了解到，他自己就是个英国人！【New words and expressions】生词和短语★amusing adj. 好笑的，有趣的amused:感到好笑的amuse v.动词后面会加人做宾语The story amused me.The story is amusing.I am amused.interesting:有意思The book is interesting.The book is amusing.funny:好笑的，可以指贬义，开心的，令人开心的interesting/funny story★experience n. 经历经验、体验：不可数名词经历、感受：可数名词He has a lot of experience. He has a lot of experiences.Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。
广东省广州市执信中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考试卷
广东省广州市执信中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考试卷一、单项选择1．I ran ______ a famous western cook the other day, whose receipt of Ramen took me ______ surprise.A．against; to B．across; for C．after; as D．into; by2．His lecture as well as his several presentations ______ with photos _______ during the expedition.A．was illustrated; shot B．were illustrated; were shotC．were illustrated; shot D．illustrated; were shot.3．Recent studies have borne out claims that certain perfumes can _______ profound psychological changes.A．carry out B．attach to C．bring about D．result from4．______ of water make Death Valley a desert, but it is by no means devoid.A．Lacking B．being lack C．because of lack D．lack5．– Are you satisfied with Christopher’s present for you?–You bet! He couldn’t give me _______.A．a worse one B．a better one C．the worst one D．the best one 6．You’ve probably heard that most Canadians want the government to do more on climate. That’s what two-thirds of the public tell pollsters when _______.A．asking B．asked C．having been asked D．being asked 7．—Jim is expert at playing badminton. What about his good friend Eric?—Eric plays badminton as well as, if ______ than, Jim.A．not better B．so bad C．no better D．not worse 8．While building a tunnel through the mountain, _______A．an underground lake was discovered.B．there was a lake discovered underground.C．the workers discovered an underground lake.D．there were some workers discovered an underground lake.9．______so many times didn’t make him lose heart, ______ in turn, helped him become strong and be a real man.A．Rejected; it B．Rejecting; as C．Being rejected; which D．Havingrejected; which10．It was due to the destructive rainstorm during the May Day holiday ______ hundreds of thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ in the airport.A．when; sticking B．when; to be stuckC．that; to be stuck D．that; stuck11．Dogs have a far wider hearing range than humans, according to a study conducted in the last few months, thus ______ them to detect sounds far above a human’s hearing limit.A．enabling B．having enabled C．to enable D．enables12．She was too nervous _______ with so many eyes ______ on her.A．to speak; fixing B．to speak; fixedC．not to speak; fixing D．not to speak; fixed13．Only when she received the invitation to kiss birthday party______ the old dress out of the wardrobe and tried it on, only ______ it didn’t fit.A．she has taken; to be found B．did she take; to findC．she had taken; finding D．had she taken; to find14．Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could ______ to a key university.A．being admitted B．be admitted C．to be admitted D．admitting 15．The puppies barking merrily, the leaves smiling warmly and the wind ______ softly, why not enjoy a bit of fun in this very moments?A．whispering B．whispered C．to whisper D．whispers二、阅读理解There’s almost always something special happening at Disneyland in southern California. Here’s what guests should know about visiting Disneyland for 2024.● EventsLunar New Year CelebrationMushu, a character from Disney’s animated film Mulan,will help guide in the Year of the Dragon by leading Mulan’s Lunar New Year Procession.Visitors,especially children,candress up as characters from Mulan to join it.Dates:Jan.23—Feb.18Pixar FestIt is back with a new daytime parade(游行): A Pixar Pals Celebration! New characters like Red Panda Mei from Turning Red will arrive in the parks. Dining options will be available, allowing guests a bite of Pixar-themed treats at a newly opened cafe.Dates:Feb.26—Aug.4Fantasy land MelodiesThe headliners for this year’s concerts are Marvin Sapp and Tasha Cobbs Leonard. The award-winning musicians will be joined by local community choirs at Disneyland’s Fantasy land Theatre. Musical workshops highlighting various types of music will be a feast for ears.Dates:Feb.17—Apr.24Season of the ForceNew adventures will take guests on a thrilling journey through space travel aboard a spacecraft. Visitors will view the park’s fireworks and hear special galactic music. Buying limited-edition souvenirs enables fans to take a piece of space back home with them.Dates:Apr.5—Sep.216．Which event appeals to foodies most?A．Lunar New Year Celebration.B．Pixar Fest.C．Fantasy land Melodies.D．Season of the Force.17．What do Fantasy land Melodies and Season of the Force have in common?A．They sell rare souvenirs.B．They have firework shows.C．They feature cartoon heroes.D．They include musical elements.18．What is the minimum cost for a couple with a 5-year-old to pay a visit on Feb.28?A．$208.B．$264.C．$288.D．$312.I’m always cautious of the tired saying, “If it doesn’t kill you, it’ll make you stronger.” I mean, what about polio (小儿麻痹症)? Or loads of other horrible things that if you survive, you’re left scarred in one way or another.For many years I worked in a specialist NHS clinic for people with eating disorders, which are greatly misunderstood and connected with vanity (虚荣) when instead it’s usually about control or even profound trauma (精神创伤). Eating disorders have the highest mortality of any mental illness, with one in five of those with an eating disorder dying from it. Treatment for it is long, tough and tiring. So, it’s fair to say it’s not something to be taken lightly.Yet I was often surprised by how many patients-patients with all sorts of other conditions too, from depression to cancer -would tell me how the experience had changed them for the better after receiving treatment. It’s not so much that what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger; more, it might make you more understanding of yourself and more sensitive to the battles and struggles of others. It can also give people a sense of determination and perseverance they never had before.I had one patient who was an addict and alcoholic besides suffering eating disorder. She was frequently rushed into hospital and was sometimes at a real risk of dying. However, after years of hard work, she stopped drinking, stopped using drugs and her eating disorder improved. She got back into work and started doing several courses to get promoted. Actually, she had gone through numerous intense and exhausting interviews before landing a job, but she said whenever she felt she couldn’t handle it or doubted her capabilities, she reminded herself that nothing would ever be worse or harder than what she had already gone through. She managed to make the mostof her life and turn her life around.19．What does the author think of the old mantra?A．Always applicable.B．Totally absurd.C．Partially right.D．Quite misleading.20．What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 possibly mean?A．The number of deaths.B．The possibility of being cured.C．The rate of getting mentally hurt.D．The chance of having mental illness.21．How does the experience influence patients according to paragraph 3?A．It leads to a changeable attitude.B．It makes no noticeable difference.C．It builds up their physical strength.D．It fosters self-awareness and sympathy.22．What can we learn about the patient mentioned in the last paragraph?A．She continued harmful habits.B．She relied only on medication.C．She always believed in herself.D．She became stronger and tougher.Many economists predict 2024 will be the time shoppers tighten their belts. That doesn’t mean people will stop spending, say retail(零售) analysts. But it will change what they choose to buy. With a slowing job market global consumers are likely to move away from high-priced purchases and focus instead on smaller, less expensive treats.The economic uncertainty means that consumers are becoming more discriminating about their purchases, says Ethan Chernofsky, senior vice president of marketing at intelligence platform Placer.ai. “There are the things we decide are necessary, and then there’s another category of things that aren’t necessary but that we consider affordable luxuries, ” he says. This desire for these “affordable luxuries” is common in difficult economic times. Some economists refer to the phenomenon as the “lipstick index”. When economic times are tough people tend to, people tend to choose affordable splurges (挥霍)-like cosmetics (化妆品) to treat themselves. Commentators speculate that these purchases are driven by their relative affordability and the consumer’s desirefor escapism. Sales of lipsticks, perfumes and other cosmetics are indeed up.Over six months. We asked consumers in 23 countries if they were making purchases to treat themselves. We created a database with nearly 150,000 consumer descriptions of their splurge purchases, including what they bought, how much they spent and why they bought it. Efforts revealed that consumers are treating themselves much more than expected. Analysts at Deloitte say consumers will spend on little luxuries like specialty coffees and snacks as well. Additionally, stressed-out shoppers are prioritizing small splurge purchases for wellness and personal care.As retailers see shoppers turning to little luxuries, many companies orient their marketing efforts around “occasions” and “life events”. The “splurge occasion” could open up the opportunity for retailers to capture new sales from consumers buying to treat themselves. Target has staked a flag in what they refer to as “affordable joy”. For example, focusing marketing efforts on a scarf’s fashionable attributes may be tempting. Still, under US$100, it may be more effective to lure customers by also tying in the practicality of the purchase.Ethan says not every shopper will shift their spending to little luxuries-but even those who are still longing for the “must-haves” of social media will also look to get a deal. They want the feeling of purchasing lower-priced affordable treats. To get these goods, shoppers are likely to tap into the re-sale market for designer items at a more reasonable price. They want things that make them feel good about themselves-they just want to do it without breaking the bank.23．What can affordable luxuries be?A．Moderate-priced designer items.B．High-end technological products.C．Reasonably-cost daily necessities.D．Economically-preferred large deals.24．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A．The competition stores face.B．The strategies retailers adopt.C．The products consumers buy.D．The pleasure businesses offer.25．What do most shoppers seek according to Ethan?A．World-luxry brands.B．Second-hand bargains.C．Social-media purchases.D．Budget-friendly pleasures.26．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Lipstick Index: Where Does It Lead UsB．Must-have Treats: A Future Spending TrendC．Little Luxuries: A Driving Force Behind ConsumptionD．Affordable Joy: Will We Fall Into The TrapSuggestion that people should aim for dietary diversity by trying to eat a variety of foods has been a basic public health recommendation for decades in the United States everywhere. Now, however, experts are warning that aiming for a diverse diet may actually lead to just eating more calories, and, thus, to obesity. One issue is that people may not interpret “variety” the way nutritionists intend. This problem is highlighted by new research conducted by the American Heart Association. Researchers reviewed all the evidence published related to dietary diversity and saw a correlation between dietary diversity and a greater intake of both healthy and unhealthy foods. This had implications for obesity, as researchers found a greater prevalence of obesity amongst people with a greater dietary diversity.One author of the new study explained that their findings contradict standard dietary advice, as most dietary guidelines around the world include a statement of eating a variety of foods. But this advice does not seem to be supported by science, possibly because there is little agreement about the meaning of “dietary diversity,” which is not clearly and consistently defined. Some experts measure dietary diversity by counting the number of food groups eaten, while others look at the distribution of calories across individual foods, and still others measure how different the foods eaten are from each other.Although the findings of this new study contradict standard dietary advice, they do not come as a surprise to all of the researchers involved. Dr. Rao, one of the study authors, noted that, after 20 years of experience in the field of obesity, he has observed that people who have a regimented lifestyle and diet tend to be thinner and healthier than people with a wide variety of consumption. This anecdotal evidence matches the conclusions of the study, which found no evidence that dietary diversity promotes healthy body weight or optimal eating patterns, andlimited evidence shows that eating a variety of foods is actually associated with consuming more calories, poor eating patterns and weight gain. Further, there is some evidence that a greater variety of food options in a single meal may delay people’s feeling of fullness and actually increase how much they eat.Based on their findings, the researchers endorse a diet consisting of a limited number of healthy foods such as vegetables, fruits, grains, and poultry. They also recommend that people simultaneously endeavor to restrict consumption of sweets, sugar and red meat. The researchers stress, however, that their dietary recommendations do not imply dietary diversity is never positive, and that, in the past, diversity in diets of whole, unprocessed food may have actually been very beneficial.27．What did the new research by the American Heart Association find?A．Big eaters are more likely to become overweight.B．People seeking dietary diversity tend to eat more.C．Dietary diversity is positively related to good health.D．Unhealthy food makes people gain weight more easily.28．What could help to explain the contradiction between the new findings and the common public health recommendation?A．There is little consensus on the definition of dietary diversity.B．The methods researchers use to measure nutrition vary greatly.C．Conventional wisdom about diet is seldom supported by science.D．Most dietary guidelines around the world contradict one another.29．What did the doctor find after 20 years of research on a big city?A．Dietary diversity promote healthy body weight.B．Eating patterns and weight gain go hand in hand.C．Diversified food intake may not contribute to health.D．There is no clear definition of optional eating patterns.30．What does the passage say about people who eat a great variety of food?A．They tend to consume more sweets, sugar and red meat.B．They don’t feel they have had enough until they overeat.C．They don’t have any problems getting sufficient nutrition.D．They are more likely to eat foods beneficial to their health.Happier Babies Have an EdgeParents and teachers want children to grow up to be happy and successful.31 A wide range of research, however, indicates happiness brings success in adults, and achievements do not always make adults happier.Recently in new study, John K. Coffey II, assistant professor of psychology at Sewanee, the University of the South, found that happiness during infancy (婴儿期) predicted childhood IQ and adult educational success.In his 29-year study, Coffey used the Fullerton Longitudinal Study (FLS). In 1978 the FLS research team recruited 130 parents with babies for a study that now has run for more than 30 years. 32 When each baby was 18 months old, one parent reported how often his or her baby expressed positive and negative emotions and researchers measured the infant’s IQ. When babies were children (ages 6 to 8), they completed IQ tests. When babies had grown into 29-year-old adults, they reported how many years of education they had completed and their life satisfaction.As expected, Coffey found that regardless of intelligence during infancy or parents’ wealth, happier babies were more likely to graduate from high school and college. 33 It suggests that happier babies learn more between infancy and childhood.34 Parents wishing to help their children enjoy greater happiness can focus on small changes they can make in their day-to-day lives to create more positive moments. Parents do not need to aim for intense experiences or “best day ever” for their children. Although peak experiences can be fun, they also tend to be tiring for both children and their parents, which can lead to anxiety and conflict.Currently, Coffey and other researchers are exploring when and why some children are happier than others or whether we can increase it. Happiness during infancy and childhood is predicted by relationships with caregivers and teachers or by learning new skills. Inexpensive and easy-to-do activities like practising acts of kindness or appreciation can boost happiness. 35 A．We often think that achieving success will ultimately make us happy.B．We can use these activities to help children grow into happy and successful adults.C．To test his theory, Coffey looked at how intensely children’s emotions are experienced. D．These happy babies aren’t just growing up to be successful, but they are also happy adults. E．Further, happier babies had more growth in their IQ scores between infancy and childhood. F．Another important clarification is that happiness is about how often emotions are experienced. G．Early on, parents reported on their background, for instance, education level and employment.三、完形填空My son had just gotten his driving license. On the way home, I 36 the car to a side road, unfastened my seat belt, and 37 places with him. “Okay,” I said. “I want you to drive home.”Sitting behind the steering wheel, his body looked tense and 38 . “Mom,” he said quietly, “I can’t do this. I’m not ready.”“It’s okay,” I said. “You’re 39 going to feel ready. At some point, you just have to go for it.”“No,” he took a deep breath and 40 my father’s words. “Don’t ever apologize for knowing your limits. You told me that!”For a brief moment, time 41 . I saw the very old photograph forever 42 in my memory. It shows my family standing arm in arm and 43 for the camera, with the then tallest roller coaster(过山车) we decided to ride together in the background. No one knew I was 44 terrified. I just didn’t want to be the one to stay behind. We 45 our way up the line and finally reached the end. Suddenly, my body was stiff with 46 , and I knew: I just couldn’t do it.Too 47 to face my family, I simply called over my shoulder to Dad that I was leaving. Dad asked me what happened. “I guess I was too chicken. Sorry.” What Dad said next 48 surprised me. “Don’t ever apologize for knowing your limits,” he said. “And don’t let someone make you do something you’re not comfortable with. I’m proud of you for the choice you made.” This was the exact 49 of what I expected him to say.Instantly, I understood exactly how my son felt. Knowing the limits isn’t an 50 of weakness. It’s actually a sign of strength.36．A．plugged in B．pulled over C．stepped in D．swung over 37．A．traded B．provided C．shared D．refreshed 38．A．immature B．indifferent C．uncomfortable D．irrelevant 39．A．always B．surely C．forever D．never 40．A．expected B．wondered C．recalled D．imagined 41．A．passed B．faded C．froze D．flew 42．A．pressed B．drafted C．polished D．carved 43．A．looking B．applying C．smiling D．inquiring 44．A．scarcely B．secretly C．similarly D．still 45．A．inched B．found C．led D．bounced 46．A．regret B．fear C．sadness D．dizziness 47．A．embarrassed B．disappointed C．discouraged D．pessimistic 48．A．hardly B．completely C．normally D．rarely 49．A．remark B．comment C．comfort D．opposite 50．A．assumption B．introduction C．anticipation D．indication四、单词拼写51．Instead of constantly c (to say that something is wrong or not satisfactory), she focus on finding solutions and taking action to improve the situation.(根据首字母单词拼写) 52．Practicing the v (general quality of goodness in a person) of integrity, compassion, and humility can lead to a more can lead to a more fulfilling personal life and foster a harmonious community. (根据首字母单词拼写)53．A strict training program prepared the a ( a person who has been trained for traveling in space) for the physical and mental challenges of space exploration. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54．The thrilling novel took me on a captivating e (something that helps you to forget about your usual life or problems) from reality, immersing me in the world of adventure. (根据首字母单词拼写)五、语法填空55．It is no use crying over (spill) milk; instead, it is wiser to learn from the experience, adapt, and focus on prevent similar mishaps in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)56．Do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and (flexible)? (所给词的适当形式填空)57．One by one，the applicants left the interviewer's office with (disappoint) looks on their faces. (所给词的适当形式填空）六、单词拼写58．Chinese subway trains are now (出口) to developed countries including the United States. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）59．If you want to include additional content in your email, you can consider (附上) a fire to enhance your message. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)60．The community center provides various (设施) where residents can participate in different recreational activities, from swimming and fitness classes to art workshops and community events. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)七、完成句子61．The novel presented a thought-provoking (道德困境) that challenged readers to question their values and consider the consequences of their choices. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 62．The man who crashed into the stone (跌倒后爬起来) and angrily went away. (根据汉语提示完成句子)63．After a rigorous selection process, Jane (被任命为) the new director of the company, bringing her extensive and leadership skills to the role. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 64．The organization’s mission was (坚持，继续) the legacy of its founder by continuing to provide support and resources to underprivileged communities. (根据汉语提示完成句子)65．The snow lasted a week, (导致，造成) serious traffic confusion in the whole area. (根据汉语提示完成句子)66．The purpose of education should not (局限于) the mere acquisition ofknowledge and attainment of grades. (根据汉语提示完成句子)67．As long as they can unite and work together, it is possible for them to (弄清楚) how to stand out in a highly competitive market. (根据汉语提示完成句子)68．With his money (用尽)，he could have all his parents for help but he didn’t. (根据汉语提示完成句子)69．Moving to a different country opened my eyes to a whole new world of life, and I found myself (感受文化冲击) as I navigated it through Armenian customs and traditions. (根据汉语提示完成句子)70．To enter the party undetected, the detective (伪装自己成为) an upper class gentleman, perfectly imitating their appearance and behavior. (根据汉语提示完成句子)八、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
甘肃省金昌市永昌县第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷
甘肃省金昌市永昌县第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷一、阅读理解Literary (文学的) festivals are all over the UK and Ireland this month. Here are four of them.Hay FestivalSet on the beautiful Wales-England border, this year’s Hay Festival includes travel writer Kapka Kassabova delivering the 2023 Jan Morris Lecture, Ray Mears discussing the British woodland, and Bear Grylls and Ranulph Fiennes celebrating a love of wild spaces. Author-led tours with Wayfair Walks explore the Brecon Beacons.Date: From 25 May to 4 JuneGuernsey Literary FestivalCelebrating great writing and big ideas in the beautiful island of Guernsey, this event includes activities such as a talk by Susie Dent centred on her book An Emotional Dictionary — Real Words For How We Feel, and family-focused drawing classes from painter Rob Biddulph. The festival also offers poetry competitions, writing workshops and the chance to stretch your legs on Guernsey’s coastal trails and nature walks.Date: From 2 to 14 MayInternational Literature Festival DublinThe ancient streets that were once inspiration for James Joyce, W·B Yeats and Oscar Wilde welcome Ireland’s leading literary festival this May. The 10-day event celebrates the best Irish and international writers, poets, playwrights and screenwriters. Book-themed guided walks are also offered.Date: From 19 to 28 MayThe Bath FestivalsFounded in 1948, The Bath Festivals is a year-round creative learning program that inspires and connects different people and communities through various activities. For example, we have Bath Contemporary Artists’ Fair in May and Bath Children’s Literature Festival in September. Ourother year-round hands-on music and literature projects give children and young people opportunities to gain real-world experience.1．Who will discuss the British woodland at Hay Festival?A．Bear Grylls.B．Ray Mears.C．Ranulph Fiennes.D．Kapka Kassabova.2．When will the literary event be held in Guernsey?A．From 2 to 14 May.B．From 20 May to 4 June.C．From 19 to 28 May.D．From 25 May to 4 June.3．What is unique about The Bath Festivals?A．It mainly attracts adults.B．It runs throughout the year.C．It has a variety of activities.D．It offers author-led city walks.Seba Stephens is only 10 years old, but he’s a very talented musician. He plays drums, bass, guitar and piano. Recently, he earned a professional certificate (证书) in music through the Berklee Online program at the famous Berklee College of Music.Seba and his family live in Memphis, Tennessee — a place famous for music. He grew up with music all around, but he especially loved the drumming of Stewart Copeland from the band The Police.Before he turned three, his parents asked him what he wanted for his birthday. “Drums!” he answered. His parents weren’t sure, but after seeing him play the drums at a local music store, they decided he was serious. They bought him a junior drum kit. It was a huge step. “He didn’t stop playing — ever,” said his dad, Everett.In just a few months, his drum teacher reported that Seba was learning extremely quickly and needed a higher level of training. He was still four.Seba’s parents encouraged him to explore music in other ways. Seba learned bass, guitar and piano. He faced challenges. “I couldn’t see over my drum set,” he said. He also had trouble finding a good bass that was small enough,In 2020, Everett got special permission for Seba to join a summer music program at Berklee as an 8-year-old boy. Seba studied bass in an online program. To keep up, he had to practise up to 36 hours a week.After the intense summer, Everett thought Seba might want a break. He was wrong. Instead, Seba asked his parents to home-school him so he could keep going to Berklee during the school year. His parents had to make some big changes to make the plan work, but they agreed.Last May, Seba became the youngest person ever to receive a professional certificate from Berklee. The certificate is equal to about four college-level classes.4．What is Stewart Copeland?A．A teacher.B．A drummer.C．A pianist.D．A soldier.5．How old was Seba Stephens when he got his first drum?A．Three years old.B．Four years old.C．Eight years old.D．Ten years old.6．What were challenges for little Seba?A．No time to practise.B．Many things to learn.C．Difficulties in finding proper instruments.D．The requests made by the teacher. 7．What may be the best title for the text?A．The Musical Journey of a Famous MusicianB．An Online Program at Berklee College of MusicC．A Teenage Drummer Inspires Kids’ Music EducationD．A 10-year-old Drummer Earns Certificate From BerkleeFrom self-driving cars to carebots (care+ robots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2035 as artificial intelligence (AI) continues to change businesses.“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia-Pacific. A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia-Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates. But the report states, “Losing occupations does not necessarily meanlosing jobs—just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research. “The growth of 20- to 40-person companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies,” it states.Another study by Pew Research Centre found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create.”“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people, there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change,” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers.8．Why are carebots mentioned?A．To give a definition.B．To provide an example.C．To make a comparison.D．To explain a theory.9．What does the report in paragraph 3 show?A．People will take the place of AI.B．US technology balances job opportunities.C．Many people have to change occupations.D．Big companies are more innovative and flexible.10．What is Jonathan Grudin’s attitude towards the future of human employment?A．Hopeful.B．Doubtful.C．Unconcerned.D．Worried 11．Which section of a website is the text most probably taken from?A．Art.B．Travel.C．Education.D．Technology.Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50, 000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. The events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record of 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy (传承)” is failing. Ten years agoon Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympics would be to inspire a nation of sport lovers away from their couches (沙发). The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. Officials are still wondering why London Olympics failed to “inspire a generation”. The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. This kind of sport welcomes anybody. Both new runners and champion runners can have a lot of fun. The Olympic Games, by contrast, wanted to produce more elite athletes. The stress on success kept newcomers from taking part.In fact, state involvement in planning community sports associations is a bit overdone. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods — making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to build tennis and netball courts, and encouraging all these activities in schools. But all the while governments have been busy with selling green spaces, taking money from local authorities and declining attention on sports in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sports to develop, or at least not make them worse.12．What does the author want to show about Parkrun in the first paragraph?A．Its history.B．Its difficulty.C．Its popularity.D．Its development. 13．What can we infer about the Games of the 30th Olympics?A．It promoted national sport participation.B．It didn’t bring citizens the expected benefits.C．It helped popularize the Parkrun movement.D．Its organizers found the answer to the failure in the Games.14．What does the underlined word “elite” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Intelligent.B．Brave.C．Excellent.D．Healthy. 15．What should governments do about sports according to the author?A．Sell or take up green spaces.B．Pay less attention to sports in education.C．Organize community sports associations.D．Provide the right conditions for sports to develop.How to Learn Several Languages at a TimeLearning a new language is a challenging and wonderfully rewarding experience. At some point, you may find yourself needing or wanting to learn several languages at the same time.16 However, it also allows you to challenge your brain and take advantage of the similarities and differences between the languages you’re learning.17 If you have a choice, choose to learn one language that is easier for you, and another or others that are more difficult. An easier language will be one that is similar to your native language or another language that you know, while a more difficult language will be one that is less similar.Make one language your priority. 18 This way, at the end of your hard work, you are more likely to be skilled in at least one of your languages, rather than only knowing a small amount of each of them.Translate between the languages you’re learning. One way to keep all the languages you are learning active in your mind is to try translating between them, rather than translating them back to your native language. 19Add all of the languages to a language-learning app or website. Several language-learning apps and websites, such as Duolingo, Memrise, Clozemaster, Anki and Lingvist allow you to add several languages at once. 20 This way, when you are on-the-go, you have quick access to a way to study any of the languages you are trying to learn.A．This process can be very difficult.B．Choose languages that vary in difficulty.C．Study the same topic in all of the languages.D．You can use a website to find a group like this.E．This can help you understand the languages on a deeper level.F．It is helpful to give one of the languages the most time and attention.G．Download an app, and then add all of your languages, if they are available on it.二、完形填空It’s never easy being the new kid in school, especially when you look a little bit differentfrom everyone else. Aside from the usual 21 about not knowing anyone at Henderson High School in Tennessee, 15-year-old Sergio Peralta worried that people would pick on him for his 22 . Sergio’s right hand didn’t form fully at birth.It turned out that his fellow students were a lot more open-minded than he 23 . In fact, when the school’s engineering teacher noticed Sergio’s 24 , he suggested the students in his class should be able to 25 him.The school is 26 with online modeling software and a 3D printer, so the teacher suggested a real-life application that would 27 both Sergio and the other students. Several engineering students 28 began working on a prosthetic (假肢) for their new 29 .Students 30 with Sergio to get the prosthetic right, and when it was 31 , it went beyond all expectations. Sergio was now 32 to catch a baseball in his right hand for the first time in his entire life.Beyond the practicality of having a(n) 33 prosthetic, Sergio felt something even more powerful: He 34 . Rather than being laughed at for his difference, he was celebrated and helped. “They 35 my life,” said the grateful teen.21．A．happiness B．anger C．confidence D．nervousness 22．A．impression B．difference C．purpose D．mistake 23．A．assumed B．regretted C．decided D．proved 24．A．head B．hand C．clothing D．leg 25．A．control B．believe C．help D．choose 26．A．covered B．faced C．pleased D．equipped 27．A．examine B．attack C．benefit D．carry 28．A．eagerly B．repeatedly C．sadly D．thankfully 29．A．mother B．classmate C．teacher D．father 30．A．mixed B．agreed C．competed D．worked 31．A．treated B．understood C．finished D．cleaned 32．A．sorry B．able C．disappointed D．ready 33．A．useful B．unimportant C．terrible D．untidy 34．A．spoke up B．checked in C．fit in D．came down35．A．changed B．destroyed C．saved D．enjoyed三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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Is there at least 1-2 Flip a coin; months before use your intuition; forecast is needed? No look at your horoscope; consult an economist
Yes
Are you willing to pay for greater accuracy?
Pg. 21
SES weights
• Decrease “exponentially” as data age • Most recent data gets a weight of LS • Ft+1 = LS Dt + (1 - LS) Ft Rearrange... • Ft+1 = Ft + LS (Dt - Ft) = Ft + LS Et • A learning model
• Problem: Forecast the TSX index 4 simple models
Excel
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Pg. 21
SES = Simple Exponential Smoothing
• Generalization of the WMA method • Uses single parameter for weights: 0 LS 1 • Three steps
Yes No
Select appropriate qualitative method
Use a causal Use time-series method method END
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le models
• Notation
– Dt = Actual demand in time period t – Ft = Forecast for period t – Et = Dt - Ft = Forecast error for period t
Historical data Forecasts
Source: Global Forecasting Service. Produced by Economist Intelligence Unit, 2012.
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Forecasting – Quantitative
Inputs:
Fisheries Model Recap
Outputs: NPV
Fisheries Model
• Initial pop.
• Capacity
• a • Price per fish, discount rate • # to catch for each year
… and # of fish each year
• Time series analysis: uses only past
records of demand to forecast future demand – moving averages – exponential smoothing – ARIMA
• Causal methods: uses explanatory variables
Gates‟ Law: “The speed of software halves every 18 months.”
Source: Wikipedia
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Carlson‟s curve:
“doubling time of DNA sequencing technologies (measured by cost and performance) … at least as fast as Moore's law” (Wikipedia)
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Is there Anything in Today‟s Edmonton Journal about Forecasting?
“Keystone XL‟s deepening fight spurs move to oil by rail Canadian response to U.S. foot-dragging has largely amounted to a four-letter word: rail”
– Provide a range
More sarcastic quotes about forecasting: /quotes/with/keyword/forecasting/
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What is the Driver Doing?
– Initialization ... F2 = D1 – Learning ... Ft+1 = LS Dt + (1 - LS) Ft – Prediction ... same formula, if predicting one period into the future
Interpretation: Forecast = weighted average of Demand and Forecast from last period Excel 9 Jan 2014 OM 352 18
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Pg. 13
Perspectives on Forecasting
• Forecasting is difficult, especially if it's about the future! Niels Bohr • Rule #0: Every forecast is wrong!
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Pg. 17
Choosing a Forecasting Method
START Is forecast important?
Yes No
Are accurate historical data available?
No No
Yes
Is forecast important?
(timing of advertising campaigns, price changes) – multiple regression (as in Mgtsc 312) – econometric models
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Active Learning
• Groups of two • Recorder: Person born closest to TL 11 • Task: Think of one quantity that you‟d like to forecast (and why) • 1 minute
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SES is really a WMA
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OM 352
Lecture 2: Forecasting
Fisheries model recap
Why forecast? Types of forecasts “Simple” time series forecasting methods Including SES = Simple Exponential Smoothing Performance measures
OM 352 Reminders
• First lab tomorrow • HW1
– Available this afternoon – Due next Wednesday 11:59 pm
• The OM Club will sell the course pack tomorrow, in BUS
Evan Esar
Why do economists make forecasts?
“We forecast because people with money ask us to.” Kenneth Galbraith
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An Economic Forecast: C$ per US$
B20, from 8:30 am to 1 pm
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OM 352, Winter 2014
Excerpt from HW 1
HW 1
Assigned: 9 Jan. 2014 Due: 11:59 PM, 15 Jan. 2014
Here is a list of behaviours that you should avoid during lectures and labs, so as not to distract other students or the instructor. This list is based, in part, on suggestions from the class during the first lecture. Showing up late. If you show up late (or leave early) then do so quietly and sit close to an aisle. Conversing with other students while the instructor is lecturing. Playing video games, watching movies, texting, answering phone calls, or performing other tasks that are not related to the course using a smartphone, laptop, or similar device. Saving many seats for classmates. Using strong scents (perfume, Cologne, etc.) Eating. 3. (1 pt.) I will strive to follow these guidelines. a. Yes b. No