(完整word)全国近五年高考英语真题—语法填空
近五年全国一卷英语真题语法填空专练(含答案)
全国一卷英语真题语法填空专练【题型探究】全国各地使用全国卷一的省份越来越多，对该套系列试卷进行研究就显得很有必要。
语法填空题型首次出现在全国卷是2014年，该题型是在取消单选之后的新题型，一改单选题的机械、枯燥和死板，特别注重考查学生在语境的实际运用语言的能力。
该题型也经历了一些细微的调整，从2014年题干要求“在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式”，到2015年的“用不多于1 个单词的正确形式填空”，一直到今天的“在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
”，可以看出命题越来越成熟，越来越科学，也是以后会继续采用的高考英语题型。
【做题基本技巧】1.区分有提示词和无提示词2.无提示词一般填介词、代词、连词、冠词、副词3.有提示词名词一般变复数或者词性转换，代词一般变所有格或宾格，形容词变比较级和最高级以及转化词性4.动词需要区分所在句子此处是谓语还是非谓语，谓语动词一般考虑时态和主谓一致，被动语态等，非谓语一般考查to do, doing, done的具体用法。
【2020·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___61___ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’sfar side is ___62___ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular___64___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so ___65___ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___66___ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ___68___ (construct)＂Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____70____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【2019·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
近五年高考英语真题—语法填空
近五年高考英语真题—语法填空1. People all have moments when they want to be alone, (especially)when they feel like they need to be free from the stresses of life.2. In order to prevent fires, it is necessary to be aware of how they start (and)what can be done to minimise the risks.3. The Internet has made it possible for people from different parts of the world (to)communicate with each other in real time.4. John came home from school, feeling tired and hungry, (only) to find that his mother had made his favourite food.5. The teacher asked the students to read the article carefully and write a brief summary (of) what they had learned.6. The young man, who had just moved to the city, was amazed by the number of people (who)walked along the busy streets.7. It is important to wear protective clothing (when) working with dangerous materials.8. Although they had never met before, there was an instant connection (between)the two strangers who sat next to each other on the plane.9. The company is looking for an experienced accountant (who) is capable of managing a team and making important financial decisions.10. Jane is studying hard for her final exams (because) she wants to get into a good university next year.。
近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案
近五年高考英语真题语法填空和答案2021年1月浙江卷In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 56 that most of the riseis due to gains in BMI in rural areas.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider) healthy.The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 61 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62 (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 63 (sharp) .This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside, including 65 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.2020 年全国卷 IChina has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe ( 探测器) —the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess —61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landingon the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above t he moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says,“because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.2020全国卷 IIDecorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.2020全国卷IIIIn ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 63 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River — perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.2020山东卷Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too b ig37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, onlya small part of a museum’s collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 43 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so isentertainment. Museums must compete 45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.2020浙江卷Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person 58 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 59 (need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60 (change) lives.By about 6000 BC, people 61 (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 62 (season), planting at the right time and,in dry areas, 63 (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 64 rise of science, changes began. New methods 65 (mean) that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers (化肥) have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.2019 年全国卷IThe polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2019全国卷IIA 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for 61 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her t o be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she hadto give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business —said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s70 (wonder).”2019全国卷IIIOn our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya ( 木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.2019浙江卷There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 56 (have) to worry about fashion (时尚). Everybody wears 57 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 59 (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 60 (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 61 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students’ grades 62 (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn’t want 63 (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no 64 (connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are 65 (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.2018 年全国卷IAccording to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.2018全国卷 IIDiets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country61 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005— when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.2018全国卷 IIII’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel 65 (challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.2018浙江卷Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 56 (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out.I still remember 59 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 60 (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to 61 (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 62 (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 64 (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.2017 年全国卷IThere has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community ( 医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat andsalt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack ( 吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not togo to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.2017全国卷IIIn 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ranfor just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the p ublic.2017全国卷IIIShe looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 62model in New York.Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”2017浙江卷Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something madeher look closer, and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 59 (I),” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters — then ten, eight, and six — had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. Pahlsson and her husband62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.2016 年全国卷IChengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62 (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goesback 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum — she never suspects.2016全国卷 IIIf you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify ( 识别) those of 61 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely 69 (bring) your work home. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports — butwhatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.2016全国卷 IIIIn much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilledworkers also combine various hardwoods and metal 63 (create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 64 (use) twigs ( 树枝) to remove it. Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66 (gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 68 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 69 (be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 70 their hands.2021浙江卷56. and 57. that / which 58. person’s59. is considered 60. by 61. was 62. studied 63. sharply 64. living 65. lower2020 年全国卷I61.touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. its全国卷II61. celebration 62. carries 63. coming 64. than 65. decorated66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the全国卷III61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When / As66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. on山东卷36. wealthy 37. or 38. formed 39. which/that 40. are called41. is 42. themselves 43. walking 44. accuracy 45. for浙江卷56. in 57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making 64. the 65. meant17全国卷I61. that 62. poorly 63. of / for 64. to perform 65. have reported66. belief 67. noting 68. higher 69. the 70. are全国卷II61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire66. have made 67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful全国卷III61. so 62. to get 63. of 64. who / that 65. recommended66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely 69. were invited 70. listening浙江卷56. has / will have 57. the 58. that / which 59. cycling 60. easily61. to 62. improved 63. to wear 64. connection / connections 65. traditional2018 年全国卷I61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than66. that / which 67. causes 68. strengthen 69. energetic 70. it / running全国卷II61. has grown 62. the 63. actually 64. to improve 65. than66. pollution 67. global 68. started 69. that / which 70. feeding全国卷III61. which / who 62. the 63. loudest 64. looking 65. challenged66. scientist 67. for 68. them 69. meant 70. to stay浙江卷56. dishes 57. who / that 58. it 59. visiting 60. was shocked61. have become 62. affordable 63. higher 64. weight 65. for全国卷I61. as 62. effects 63. to process 64. are removed 65. a66. worse 67. is 68. eating 69. careful 70. which全国卷II61. crowds 62. from 63. laying 64. the 65. were used66. fairly 67. it 68. managed 69. introduction 70. successful全国卷III61. resting 62. a 63. has been told / was told 64. who 65. to prove 66. education 67. invitations 68. in 69. comes 70. certainly浙江卷56. carrots 61. to cook57. shiny / shining 58. so 59. myself62. searched 63. swept 64. where 65. a60.earlier全国卷I2016 年61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when 66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the全国卷II61. greater 62. achievement 63. is 64. on 65. as66. studies 67. regularly 68. a 69. to bring 70. make全国卷III61. and 62. be made 63. to create 64. using 65. as / when66. gradually 67. who 68. development 69. were 70. with。
(完整)近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析
近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析2018年高考题【2018·全国I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___64___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___65___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably runnin g. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always___69___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.【答案】61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that which 67. causes 68. strength 69. energetic 70. it unning【解析】本文是一篇说明文。
15年到19年高考英语语法填空 代词冠词 连词总结
近五年高考英语语法填空代词、介词、冠词、连词总结五年高考语法填空中涉及的代词、介词、冠词、连词的题进行提炼总结，希望可以为同学们解答这一类题型提供助力。
▲ 2019 年全国卷IModern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.全国卷III work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke.全国卷IIIWe were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact.浙江卷Everybody wears 57 same style of clothes.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer 61 this question is not clear.▲ 2018 年全国卷IWhile running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming.If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.全国卷IICorn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.全国卷IIIUnexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs.I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive.浙江卷Many westerners who / that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 65 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.▲ 2017 年全国卷IThis trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.全国卷IIIt ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work.This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. However, the railway quickly proved tobe a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.全国卷IIIInstead, she is earning $6,500 a day as 62 model in New York.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.浙江卷“She thought I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson.For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.▲ 2016 年全国卷IBut my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is beingbottle-fed, 70 other is with mum —she never suspects.全国卷IIMost of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.全国卷IIIIn much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl”cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are not used everywhere inAsia. In India, for example, most people traditionallyeat 70 their hands.▲ 2015 年全国卷IA few hours before / earlier, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.全国卷IIThe adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers.When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night.▲2019 年全国卷I63. of / for method of / for 是固定搭配，意为“……的方法”。
近五年高考英语语法填空从句总结
近五年高考英语语法填空从句总结一、近五年高考英语语法填空从句总结▲ 2019 年全国 I 卷While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.全国 II 卷Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Maccles field, 62 she opened with her late husband Les.全国 III 卷They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.浙江卷On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark.▲ 2018 年全国 I 卷Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.全国 II 卷The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 — when the government started a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.全国 III 卷I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.浙江卷Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.▲ 2017 年全国 I 卷Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.全国 III 卷But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to provethat she has brains as well as beauty.浙江卷Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.▲ 2016 年全国 I 卷But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.全国 III 卷Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.▲ 2015 年全国 I 卷I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.全国 II 卷As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.答案▲ 2019 年全国 I 卷61. that 此处缺引导同位语从句的连接词that，说明evidence的具体内容，“证据表明……”。
高考英语试题word及答案
高考英语试题word及答案一、听力部分（共30分）A. 对话理解（每题1.5分，共15分）1. 根据对话内容，下列哪一项是正确的？A. Tom 将参加一个聚会。
B. Tom 计划去图书馆。
C. Tom 正在寻找一本书。
【答案】A2. 对话中提到的天气情况是什么？A. 晴朗。
B. 下雨。
C. 多云。
【答案】B...15. 对话中，女士为什么拒绝了男士的邀请？A. 她不喜欢男士。
B. 她有其他安排。
C. 她不喜欢男士提出的活动。
【答案】BB. 短文理解（每题2分，共15分）16. 短文中提到的主要事件是什么？A. 一场音乐会。
B. 一次旅行。
C. 一个展览。
【答案】A17. 短文中提到的音乐会是在哪一天举行的？A. 星期五。
B. 星期六。
C. 星期日。
【答案】B...二、阅读理解（共40分）A. 阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答后面的问题。
短文一In recent years, the popularity of online shopping has surged, with more and more people choosing to buy products throughthe internet. This trend has led to a significant increase in the demand for delivery services.21. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The growth of online shopping.B. The demand for delivery services.C. The popularity of the internet.【答案】A22. Why has the demand for delivery services increased?A. Because of the popularity of the internet.B. Because more people are shopping online.C. Because of the convenience of online shopping.【答案】B...B. 阅读填空（每题2分，共20分）根据短文内容，从下面选项中选出最佳答案填空。
历年高考语法填空真题(可编辑修改word版)
历年高考语法填空真题1.（2017 全国Ⅰ）There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had someunintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the verything the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process)the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.2.（2017 全国Ⅱ）In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and62 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day. Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels ( 隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.3.（2017 全国Ⅲ）She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest).Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York. Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate). She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more."4.（2016 全国Ⅰ）Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research,I 62 （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600- acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to filma special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum-she never suspects.5.（2016 全国卷Ⅱ）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify（识别）those of 61 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recent66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely 69 (bring) your workhome. It could be anything, gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is,70 (make)sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.6.（2016 全国卷Ⅲ）In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl”cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. 2 Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs. The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 -lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.7.（2015 全国Ⅰ）Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly whenI 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.8.（2015 全国卷Ⅱ）The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makesthe adobe dwellings admirable is their 63 (able) to “air condition”ahouse without 64 ( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 65 (slow) duringcool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 66 (cool) the house during the hot day; 67 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 68 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset( 抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 69 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 70 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.9.（2014 全国卷Ⅰ）Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It61（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of _63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t cha nged in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know howto control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are68 (amaze)stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience)10.（2014 全国Ⅱ）One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about41 (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop,42 some of them looked very anxious and 43 (disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 44 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 45 (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 46 (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 47 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up andasked,“48 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s49 (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what theboy had done and the crowd of strangers 50 (sudden) became friendly to one another.passage 11. as2. effects3. to process4. are removed5. a6. worse7. is8. eating9. careful 10. whichpassage 21. crowds2. from3. laying4. the5. were used6.fairly7. it8. managed9. introduction 10. successfulpassage 31. resting2. a3. has been told/ was told4. who5. to prove6. education7. invitations8. in9. comes 10. certainlypassage 41. attraction2. was allowed3. officially4. to5. when6. permitted7. introducing8. its9. days 10. thepassage 51. greater2. achievement3. is4. on5. as6. studies7. regularly8. a9. to bring 10. makepassage 61. and2. be made3. to create4. using5. as/when6. gradually7. who8. development9. were 10. withpassage 71. arrived2. before/earlier3. its4. that/which5. paintings6. by7. is8. conducted9. regularly 10. livingpassage 81. built2. the3. ability4. using5. slowly6. to cool7. at8. goes9. natural 10. howpassage 91. was2. actually3. the4. or5. to reduce6. cleaner7. that/which8. amazing9. changes 10. patientpassage 101. Being2. and3. disappointed4. to5. caught6. to stop7. riding8. Did9. me/mine 10. suddenly。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2015～2011年各省市高考题Passage 1(2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours 2 ，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。
作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。
1.解析考查动词的时态。
主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。
2.解析考查副词的用法。
由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。
答案before/earlier3.解析考查形容词性物主代词的用法。
空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。
答案its4.解析考查定语从句关系代词的用法。
由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。
先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/ which。
答案that/ which5.解析考查名词的复数。
“so many＋复数名词”为一常用短语。
答案paintings6.解析考查介词的固定用法。
根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。
“by＋交通工具名词”为一固定短语。
答案by7.解析考查主谓一致和动词时态。
本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。
答案is8.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。
study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。
此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by...意为“由……所做的”。
答案conducted9.解析考查副词的用法。
该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。
10.解析考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。
由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。
答案livingPassage 2(2015·新课标全国Ⅱ)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day：7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。
但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。
短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。
1.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语。
主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。
又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。
答案built2.解析考查定冠词的用法。
空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。
答案the3.解析考查形容词与名词的转换。
形容词性物主代词their之后应当用名词，故将able转化为其名词形式。
答案ability4.解析考查介词的用法。
介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。
答案using5.解析考查副词的用法。
由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。
修饰谓语动词give out，因此要用副词形式。
答案slowly6.解析考查固定句式的用法。
“形容词＋enough＋动词不定式”为一常用句式。
答案to cool7.解析考查固定短语的用法。
at the same time意为“同时”，是一个常用介词短语。
答案at8.解析考查动词的时态。
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。
答案goes9.解析考查形容词的用法。
修饰名词architects，故要用形容词形式。
答案natural10.解析考查宾语从句的连接词用法。
分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。
根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。
所以答案为how。
答案howPassage 3(2015·福建)阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。
Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When this (1)h ，the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2) my tips for you.The (3)f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) are you going to do about it？”，the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.It's much more (6) (有帮助)to say something like, “I think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the housework.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.”My second piece of (8)a is simple.If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9) (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if you do that.答案 1.happens 2.are 3.first 4.with 5.What 6.helpful/beneficial 7.better8.advice9.apology10.inPassage 4(2015·湖南)Directions: Complete the follo w ing passage by filling in each blank w ith one w ord that best fits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you don't have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Internet foryour research.While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the amount of information. You need to learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it.【语篇导读】随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。