高中英语Module6 SectionⅢGrammar_复习定语从句教案外研版必修5
Section Ⅲ Grammar-复习定语从句[语法初识]
huge national park on the Qinghai which is the
1．引导定语从句的常用关系词的用法
他就是那个在地震中幸存的男孩吗？
He lives in a big house whose window faces the sea.
他住在一座窗户朝向大海的大房子里。
I often thought of my childhood when I lived on a farm.
我经常回想起我的童年，那时我住在一个农场里。
Bamboo grows well in the place where it is warm and wet all the year.
竹子在一年四季都温暖潮湿的地方生长得好。
There are several reasons why we can't do that.
我们有好几个理由不那样做。
[名师点津] situation, case, point ，stage 等表示“情况，方面”的名词后可接where 引导的定语从句。
I think you've got to the point where a change is needed, otherwise you'll fail. 我认为你应该改变了，否则你会失败。
2．定语从句中关系词的选用
方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果是及物动词，就要用关系代词；如果是不及物动词，则要用关系副词。
This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year.
这是我去年参观过的山村。
This is the mountain village
where I stayed last year.
这是我去年待过的山村。
方法二：准确判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
关系词在从句中作主语、定语、宾语时，应用关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose)；关系词在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词(where 作地点状语，when 作时间状语，why 作原因状语)。
3．that 和which 引导的定语从句的区别
that 和which 都是关系代词，都可在从句中作主语或宾语，但两者存在着不同：
我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
When we talk about Hangzhou, the first that comes into our mind is the West Lake.
我们谈论杭州时，首先想到的是西湖。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now.
这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。
I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved. 我买了很多书，这些书花了我积攒的所有的钱。
集中演练1
1－1.用适当的关系词填空
①This is the hotel where they stayed last month.
②The factory that/which we'll visit next week is not far from here.
③He is the man that/who lives next door.
④They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
⑤I don't want to listen to any reason why you were absent.
⑥Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?
⑦Music is the only thing that interests me.
1－2.单句改错
⑧We will be shown around some places where visitors seldom go to.where→that ⑨We talked about the persons and things which we c an remember.which→that ○
10I will never forget those years that I lived in the countryside with the farmers.that→when
?There comes a time which children need to learn more about first aid.which→when
1．“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。
(1)根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词。
The witness to whom the policemen referred was killed last night.
警察所提到的那个目击证人昨晚被杀了。
(2)根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词。
I don't know the reason for which he was late for school.
我不知道他为何上学迟到。
(3)根据句子所要表达的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.
这就是那位救了我儿子的飞行员。
2．“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用which或whom，不用that。
I'll never forget the day on which I joined the army.
我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。
This is the pencil with which I draw pictures.
这是我画画用的那支铅笔。
3．关系副词where, when, why可替换成“介词＋which”，介词取决于先行词及介词＋which在从句中的作用。why只可替换for which。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
＝This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这就是两年前我居住的那所房子。
4．“不定代词或数词＋介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句说明整体中的部分。
Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of whom wanted to buy it.
上周只有两个人来看房子，他们两个人都不想买。
5．“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”可替换“whose＋名词”，引导定语从句。
The house the windows of which/of which the windows/whose windows were damaged has now been repaired.
窗子遭破坏的那所房子现在已经修好了。
集中演练2
2－1.用适当的介词填空
①We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.
②Recently, I bought an ancient vase, the price of which was very reasonable.
③The reason for which he refused the invitation is not clear.
④I forgot the exact place in which I had hidden the box.
⑤I still remember the days on which I helped my father on the farm.
⑥Robert spent four years in college, during which time he learned law and medicine.
2－2.用适当的关系词合并句子
⑦ I'm very grateful to Mr. Zhang. I couldn't have been admitted to a key university without his encouragement.
→I'm very grateful to Mr. Zhang, without_whose_encouragement I couldn't have been admitted to a key university.
⑧ I made friends with Susan and Alice in that school. Susan and Alice were interested in astronomy.
→I made friends with Susan and Alice in tha t school, both_of_whom were interested in astronomy.
⑨ Have the police found Mrs. White? The gold ring belongs to Mrs. White.
→Have the police found Mrs. White to_whom the gold ring belongs?
⑩Anne paid a visit to Mr. Yang. She came across one of her univer sity classmates in Mr. Yang's office.
→Anne paid a visit to Mr. Yang, in_whose_office she came across one of her university classmates.
1．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
长城是中国人为之骄傲的建筑之一。(限制性定语从句)
Yesterday I met Mary, who looked very tired.
昨天我遇到了玛丽，她看上去很累。(非限制性定语从句)
2．as/which引导的非限制性定语从句
As we all know, smoking is harmful to health.
我们都知道，吸烟有害健康。
He finished the task ahead of time, which is very important to us.
他提前完成了任务，这对我们很重要。
集中演练3
3－1.用适当的关系词填空
which came as a surprise to many people.
② Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restaurants, where eating doesn't take much time.
③Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, which,_of course, made others annoyed.
④Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.
⑤The man, whose work will be finished soon, feels relieved now.
⑥As is known to all of us, Professor Li is extremely popular among students.
3－2.用as/which 引导的定语从句完成句子
⑦As_we_all_know/As_is_known_to_all,_the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一圈。
⑧We have found such materials as_are_used_in_their_factory.
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那种材料。
⑨He pretended not to know me, which_I_didn't_understand.
他假装不认识我，这是我搞不明白的。
⑩I will go on a trip to Sichuan, where_there_are_a_number_of_places_of_interest.
我要去四川旅行，那里有很多名胜古迹。
[链接高考]
单句语法填空
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空格处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空) But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Sarah，从句中缺少主语且指人，故填关系代词who。
3．(2017·北京高考)The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
解析：句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。________ we meet in our daily lives为定语从句，修饰先行词problems，且从句中缺少宾语，故填关系代词that/which。
4．(2017·天津高考) My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为My eldest son，空格处指代前面的先行词且在从句中作定语，故填whose。
5．(2017·浙江高考语法填空)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the garden，空格处引导定语从句且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
6．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
解析：分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the mid-1980s，空格处引导定语从句且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
7．(2016·江苏高考)Many young people, most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
解析：考查分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为young people，指人，介词后的关系词应为whom。
8．(2015·江苏高考)The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent
in just one year.
解析：句意：正如报道的，烟民的数量仅仅在一年内就下降了17%。as 作为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，位置非常灵活，可位于主句前、主句后，也可位于主句中间。
[针对演练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A football fan is a person who/that has a strong interest in football.
2．Can you lend me the novel which/that you read the other day?
3．I have bought the same dress as she is wearing.
4．As is known to all, the compass was first made in China.
5．She is one of the few girls whose grade is above average.
6．This is the best film that I have seen.
7．I know the student from whom I borrowed the book.
8．She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
9．Do you still remember the day when we first met?
10．This is the reason why he didn't attend the lecture.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I still remember the day when_I_first_came_to_Beijing.
我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。
2．My daughter, whose_job_requires_her_to_do_a_lot_of_travelling,_is always away from home.
我的女儿经常不在家，她的工作需要出差。
3．This is the only thing (that)_we_can_do_now.
这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
4．The old man has two sons, one_of_whom_is_a_doctor.
那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。
5．The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean, as_we_all_know.
我们都知道太平洋是最大的洋。
Ⅲ.短文改错
The Big Bang Theory, one of the most popular comedy in America and even around the world these days, tell stories about four male scientists and a beautiful waitress.
These scientists are smart in their fields, especial Sheldon. He has a really high IQ in physics and he is very bad at getting along with others. Fortunately, his roommate Leonard was very tolerant and always forgives him at every time Sheldon makes
a mistake. The wai
a dream of becoming an actress.
The comedy has gained popularity among people aged from 18 to 49. Its special and funny stories make people falling in love with it in short time.
答案：第一句：comed y→comedies; tell→tells
第二句：especial→especially
第三句：and→but
第四句：was→is; 去掉at
第五句：naming→named; whom→who/that
第七句：falling→fall; short 前加a
高一英语定语从句教案
高一英语定语从句教案 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句： 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词 3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有where, when, why。关系词常有3个作用：1）引导定语从句。2）代替先行词。3）在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、关系代词和关系副词的意义及用法 指人：who, that,(指人常用who,不常用that) 主语 指物：which, that 指人：whom, who, that（who常用在在非正式和口语体中） 宾语(关系代词作宾语时常可省略) 关系代词指物：which, that 定语：whose （whose + n.=of which + n. ） 关系词 时间：when 关系副词----状语地点：where = 介词+ which 原因：why 解题技巧：关键看从句缺何种成分 三、例句练习讲解 1.Yesterday I helped an old man ＿lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2.The man ＿you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。 3.This is the pen ＿he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的笔。 4.He has a friend ＿father is a doctor. 他有个父亲是医生的朋友。 注意：whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替，例： 门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？ Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 5.I still remember the day ＿I first came to this school.我仍然记得第一次来到这学校 的那一天。 6.Shanghai is the city ＿I was born. 上海市我出生的地方。 7.Please tell me the reason ＿you missed the plane. 请告诉我你错过航班的原因。 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+which”引导的从句替换 8.易错题：This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起而做错题。
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
高中英语 定语从句教学设计优质课
T e a c h i n g D e s i g n Grammar — The Attributive Clause (I) (who, whom, which, that, whose) 淅川二高贾丽君 I. Teaching aims: 1. Help students understand what the Attributive Clause is and its function. 2. Enable students to use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in the Attributive Clause properly. 3. Encourage students to express their love to fathers using the Attributive Clause. II. Teaching important and difficult points: Enhance students’ proficiency and accuracy in using the relative pronouns to write the Attributive Clauses. III. Teaching methods: Task-based teaching method; Audio-lingual method; Cooperative learning; Group discussion IV. Teaching steps: Step I：Lead in 1. Guess a riddle. This is a man who loves us very much. This is a man whose love is as great as a mother’s.
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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定语从句导学案
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night wasn’t hungry. 3. The noodles ___________ you cooked were delicious. 4. I have a room __________ window faces south. 5. The girl _______________ I met is Lucy. 【注意】 that 与which 的区别 先行词指物时，引导词只用that不用which的四种情况： 1. 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every ,all 等修饰时。 2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 3. 先行词中既有人又有物时。 4. 先行词被the very, the only 修饰时。 先行词指物时，引导词只用 which 不用that 的两种情况： 1. 介词后。 2. 非限制性定语从句中。【练一练】 1. They had nothing ________ could cure of his disease. 2. This is the most impressive film _______ has ever been put on. 3. We have to consider the first thing ______ starts our work. 4. 5. 6. 7. That is the only way ______ leads to
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(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
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高一英语定语从句讲解精华版完整版
高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
定语从句 一、基本概念：定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week
（二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.
高中英语定语从句 例句
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2017高一英语定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解 1．定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase which was very reasonable. Those who work hard will make progress. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句, who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句， 修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. The man to whom you talked just now is my old friend.（whom不可省略） 3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. He failed the exam again ,which made his father angry. 4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 5．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： We live in a house,__________ windows face the sea. We live in a house,___________ the windows face the sea. We live in a house, the windows__________ face the sea We live in a beautiful house, and the windows _________ face the sea Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=_____________________=_________________ （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. =The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：
高中英语定语从句导学案(1)
Period 1 Grammar (relative pronouns of attributive clause sⅠ) 【学习目标】 1.To know some basic definitions, such as attributive clauses (定语从句), antecedent (先行词), relative pronouns（关系词）. 2.To learn how to choose a relative pronoun — that,which,who,whom,whose,as. 【学习重点与难点】 Important point: To grasp the way of selecting a relative pronoun. Difficult point: To identify the sentence parts (subject or object) that relative pronouns function as in attributive clauses. 【使用说明与学法指导】 1、带着预习案中问题导学中的问题自主设计预习提纲，对概念进行梳理，作好必要的标注和 笔记。 2、认真完成基础知识梳理，在“我的疑惑”处填上自己不懂的知识点，在“我的收获”处填写自 己对本课自主学习的知识及方法收获。 3、熟记relative pronouns of attributive clauses基础知识梳理中的重点知识。 预习案 一、问题导学 观察句子。 1.The boys are from Class One. They are playing basketball. → The boys who are playing basketball are from Class One. 2.The student is Wang Kun. The teacher has praised him. → The student whom the teacher has praised is Wang Kun. 3.The factory is over there. It produces cars. → The factory which produces cars is over there. 4.Football is a game. Most boys like football. → Fo otball is a game which most boys like. 二、知识梳理 1. 定语从句：一个句子作_______，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词。 2. 主句中被修饰的名词或代词叫_________。引导定语从句的词叫做_______。 3.关系词的三个作用：指代_________；位于定语从句句首，引导整个____________； 关系词在定语从句中________(作/不作)成分。 三、预习自测 请找出下列句子中的先行词和关系词。 1.The boy who is wearing a black jacket is my friend. 2.That’s the girl whom I teach. 3.The cake that my mother made is for my birthday. 4.He lent me the book which you talked about yesterday. 5.They all enjoyed the story that I told. 6.The man who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 7.There is an old man who wants to see you. 8.The problem that we are facing now is how to collect so much money. 9.These are the trees which I planted last year.