DMT Application in Cardiovascular
免疫比浊法检验血浆D-二聚体在心脑血管疾病中的临床价值体会
·135·大 医 生D O C T O R2020年第23期作者简介：陈晓波，本科，中级检验师，研究方向：临床免疫学检验。
通信作者：唐海妹，本科，副主任医师，研究方向：心血管疾病，E-mail：******************。
免疫比浊法检验血浆D-二聚体在心脑血管疾病中的临床价值体会陈晓波 唐海妹 （如东县中医院，江苏南通 226400）摘要：目的 探究免疫比浊法检测血浆D-二聚体水平在心脑血管疾病中的临床应用价值。
方法 选取2019年11月至2020年9月如东县中医院收治的150例心脑血管疾病患者作为研究对象。
共分为冠心病组、急性心肌梗死组、脑梗死组，每组50例。
另选取同期在如东县中医院体检的50例健康者作为对照组。
三组患者均在如东县中医院接受治疗，对四组受试者均以免疫比浊法进行血浆D-二聚体的检验，对比三组患者在治疗前及治疗后的血浆D-二聚体水平，同时比较三组患者治疗前后与对照组受试者的血浆D-二聚体水平。
结果 与对照组相比较，三组患者治疗前及治疗后的血浆D-二聚体水平均明显高于对照组（P ＜0.05）；但治疗后，三组患者的血浆D-二聚体水平与治疗前比较均明显降低（P ＜0.05）。
结论 以免疫比浊法检测血浆D-二聚体水平，有着较高的临床应用价值，可用于疾病诊断参考。
关键词：血浆D-二聚体；免疫比浊法；心脑血管疾病Clinical Value of Immunoturbidimetry in Detection of Plasma D-dimer in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular DiseasesCHEN Xiaobo TANG Haimei（Rudong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Nantong，Jiangsu 226400，China）Abstract：Objective To explore the clinical application value of immunoturbidimetry in the detection of plasma D-dimer in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods From November 2019 to September 2020，150 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Rudong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided into coronary heart disease group，acute myocardial infarction group and cerebral infarction group with 50 cases in each group. Another 50 healthy people in Rudong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the same period of time were selected as the control group. Three groups of patients were treated in Rudong Hospital of Traditional Chinese medicine. The Four groups of subjects were tested for plasma D-dimer by immunoturbidimetric method. The plasma D-dimer levels of the three groups of patients before and after treatment were compared，and the plasma D-dimer levels of the three groups of patients before and after treatment were compared with those of the control group. Results The plasma D-dimer levels of the three groups of patients were significantly lower than before treatment（P ＜0.05）；compared with the control group，the plasma D-dimer levels of the three groups of patients before and after treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group（P ＜0.05）. Conclusion The immunoturbidimetric method for detecting plasma D-dimer levels has high clinical application value and can be used as a reference for disease diagnosis.Keywords：plasma D-dimer；immunoturbidimetry；cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases在机体内发生纤维蛋白降解之后，血浆内就会产生一种特异性物质，即为D-二聚体，在血栓的形成中，纤维蛋白发挥了重要作用，简单来说就是纤维蛋白的沉淀、聚集，使得血栓逐渐形成[1-2]。
心血管活动调节-中英文
Endocrine regulation
Hormones control heart rate
Hormones such as catalysts and thyroid Hormones can increase or decrease heart rate
Hormones control blood pressure
The regulatory mechanism of cardiovascular activity
03
The regulation of cardiovascular activity
CHAPTER
Neurodiscussion
Neural control of heart rate: The autonomous nervous system regulates the heart rate by releasing neurotransmitters that either stimulate or inhibit the heart muscle
The heart has its own neural network that can regulate its own rate and rhythm
Autonomous regulation of blood pressure
The kidneys can regulate blood pressure by increasing salt and water
Cardiac Contractility Control
02
The myocardium contracts and relaxes rhythmically, adjusting the force of contract to meet the body's demand for blood flow
药物涂层球囊在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变介入治疗中的应用
基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费（２０４２０２１ｋｆ０１３２）通信作者：蒋学俊，Ｅ ｍａｉｌ：ｘｊｊｉａｎｇ＠ｗｈｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ药物涂层球囊在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变介入治疗中的应用菲尔凯提·玉山江 蒋学俊（武汉大学人民医院心内科武汉大学心血管病研究所心血管病湖北省重点实验室，湖北武汉４３００６０）【摘要】药物涂层球囊（ＤＣＢ）已成为冠状动脉介入治疗的有效手段之一，目前在支架内再狭窄、小血管病变、分叉病变中得到了广泛的应用。
但在慢性完全闭塞（ＣＴＯ）病变中应用的相关研究较少，现结合ＤＣＢ的作用机制和ＤＣＢ在ＣＴＯ病变中应用的相关报道，阐述ＤＣＢ在ＣＴＯ病变中可能发挥的作用。
【关键词】药物涂层球囊；慢性完全闭塞病变；经皮冠状动脉介入治疗【ＤＯＩ】１０ １６８０６／ｊ．ｃｎｋｉ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００４ ３９３４ ２０２４ ０１ ０１６ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＤｒｕｇ ＣｏａｔｅｄＢａｌｌｏｏｎｉｎＩｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｒｏｎｉｃＴｏｔａｌＣｏｒｏｎａｒｙＯｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎＦｅｉｅｒｋａｉｔｉ·Ｙｕｓｈａｎｊｉａｎｇ，ＪＩＡＮＧＸｕｅｊｕｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣａｒｄｉｏｌｏｇｙ，ＲｅｎｍｉｎＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｏｆＷｕｈａｎＵｎｉｅｒｓｉｔｙ；ＣａｒｄｉｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，ＷｕｈａｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ；ＨｕｂｅｉＫｅｙＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｏｆＣａｒｄｉｏｌｏｇｙ，Ｗｕｈａｎ４３００６０，Ｈｕｂｅｉ，Ｃｈｉｎａ）【Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ】Ｄｒｕｇ ｃｏａｔｅｄｂａｌｌｏｏｎ（ＤＣＢ）ｈａｓｂｅｃｏｍｅｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍａｉｎｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｆｏｒｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙａｒｔｅｒｙｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｈｅｒａｐｙ，ａｎｄｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｉｎｉｎ ｓｔｅｎｔｒｅｓｔｅｎｏｓｉｓ，ｓｍａｌｌｖｅｓｓｅｌｌｅｓｉｏｎｓ，ａｎｄｂｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎｌｅｓｉｏｎｓ．ＴｈｅｒｅｉｓｌｉｍｉｔｅｄｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｔｈｅｕｓｅｏｆＤＣＢｉｎｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｔｏｔａｌｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ（ＣＴＯ）ｌｅｓｉｏｎｓ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ，ｔｈｉｓａｒｔｉｃｌｅｗｉｌｌｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｔｈｅｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｒｏｌｅｏｆＤＣＢｉｎＣＴＯｌｅｓｉｏｎｓｂｙｃｏｍｂｉｎｉｎｇｔｈｅｉｒｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆａｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｒｅｌｅｖａｎｔｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄｉｎＣＴＯｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ．【Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ】Ｄｒｕｇ ｃｏａｔｅｄｂａｌｌｏｏｎ；Ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｔｏｔａｌｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｌｅｓｉｏｎｓ；Ｐｅｒｃｕｔａｎｅｏｕｓｃｏｒｏｎａｒｙｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ 慢性完全闭塞（ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｔｏｔａｌｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＣＴＯ）病变被认为是介入心脏病学中最复杂的冠状动脉病变。
心血管功能英语作文初中
心血管功能英语作文初中标题，The Importance of Cardiovascular Health。
Nowadays, cardiovascular health has become a hot topic in our society. With the rapid pace of modern life and the prevalence of sedentary lifestyles, more and more people are facing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is crucial for us to understand the significance of cardiovascular health and take proactive measures to maintain it.First and foremost, let's delve into what cardiovascular health encompasses. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels, which work together to pump blood throughout the body. When this system functions efficiently, it ensures that oxygen and nutrients are delivered to every cell while waste products are removed. A healthy cardiovascular system is essential for maintaining overall well-being and vitality.Regular physical activity plays a pivotal role in promoting cardiovascular health. Engaging in activitiessuch as jogging, swimming, or cycling not only strengthens the heart muscle but also improves blood circulation and lowers blood pressure. Moreover, exercise helps to control weight, reduce stress, and enhance mood, all of which contribute to a healthier heart.In addition to exercise, a balanced diet is equally important for maintaining cardiovascular health. Consuminga variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins provides essential nutrients that support heart function and lower the risk of heart disease. It is advisable to limit the intake of saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium, as they can increase thelikelihood of developing cardiovascular problems.Furthermore, avoiding harmful habits such as smokingand excessive alcohol consumption is crucial for protecting cardiovascular health. Cigarette smoke contains numerous toxins that damage blood vessels and increase the risk of atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildupof plaque in the arteries. Similarly, excessive alcohol consumption can raise blood pressure and contribute to heart disease. Therefore, quitting smoking and moderating alcohol intake are essential steps towards maintaining a healthy heart.Moreover, regular health check-ups are essential for early detection and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Routine screenings for conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes can help identify risk factors before they escalate into serious health issues. By monitoring key indicators of cardiovascular health, individuals can take proactive measures to address any concerns and make necessary lifestyle changes.In conclusion, cardiovascular health is paramount for overall well-being and longevity. By adopting a proactive approach that includes regular exercise, a balanced diet, avoidance of harmful habits, and routine health screenings, we can safeguard our heart health and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Let us prioritize ourcardiovascular health today for a healthier and happier tomorrow.。
frontiers in cardiovascular medicine 文献格式
frontiers in cardiovascular medicine 文献格式【实用版】目录1.引言：介绍 Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 的重要性和主题2.主题一：心血管疾病的预防和治疗3.主题二：心血管疾病的诊断和检测4.主题三：心血管疾病的研究进展和未来方向5.结论：总结 Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 对心血管疾病研究的贡献正文心血管疾病是全球范围内的主要死亡原因之一，对公共卫生造成了严重的影响。
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 是一本开放获取的科学期刊，致力于发表关于心血管医学的最新研究成果。
本文将从三个主题来介绍该期刊的研究内容。
首先，心血管疾病的预防和治疗是 Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 关注的重点之一。
该期刊发表了大量关于心血管疾病风险评估、预防策略以及新型治疗方法的研究文章。
这些文章为心血管疾病的防治提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导。
其次，心血管疾病的诊断和检测也是该期刊的重要主题。
期刊内收录了许多关于心血管疾病诊断新技术、新型生物标志物以及无创检测方法的研究成果。
这些成果有助于提高心血管疾病的早期发现和诊断准确性，从而改善患者的预后。
最后，心血管疾病的研究进展和未来方向也是 Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 关注的焦点。
期刊发表了许多关于心血管疾病发病机制、疾病进展和转归的研究文章，以及针对未来心血管疾病研究的趋势和挑战的讨论。
这些文章有助于全面了解心血管疾病研究的最新动态，并为未来研究提供方向。
总之，Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 为心血管疾病研究领域提供了一个重要的学术交流平台。
该期刊发表的大量研究成果为心血管疾病的预防、诊断和治疗提供了有益的参考，展示了心血管疾病研究的最新进展和未来方向。
2020中国动态血压监测指南
摘要高血压是心脑血管疾病的重要危险因素。
动态血压监测已成为识别和诊断高血压、评估心脑血管疾病风险、评估降压疗效、指导个体化降压治疗不可或缺的检测手段。
本指南对2015年发表的《动态血压监测临床应用专家共识》进行了更新，详细介绍了动态血压计的选择与监测方法、动态血压监测的结果判定与临床应用、动态血压监测的适应证、特殊人群动态血压监测、社区动态血压监测应用以及动态血压监测临床应用展望，旨在指导临床实践中动态血压监测的应用。
关键词 动态血压监测；血压管理；指南；高血压2020 Chinese Hypertension League Guidelines on Ambulatory Blood Pressure MonitoringWriting Group of the 2020 Chinese Hypertension League Guidelines on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.Corresponding Author: WANG Jiguang, Email: jiguangwang@2020中国动态血压监测指南中国高血压联盟《动态血压监测指南》委员会指南与共识AbstractHypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has become an indispensable technique for the detection of hypertension, risk assessment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, therapeutic monitoring, and guidance of the individualized treatment. Based on the “2015 expert consensus on the clinical use of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring”, the current guideline updates recommendations on the major issues of ABPM, such as the device requirements and methodology, interpretation of the reported results, clinical indications, application on special populations, the utility in the community and future perspectives. It aims to guide the clinical application practice of ABPM in China.Key words ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; blood pressure management; guideline; hypertension(Chinese Circulation Journal, 2021, 36: 313.)高血压是心脑血管疾病的重要危险因素，与心脑血管疾病发病和死亡密切相关[1-3]。
心血管功能英语作文高中
心血管功能英语作文高中Cardiovascular Function。
Cardiovascular function refers to the ability of the heart and blood vessels to efficiently transport blood and oxygen throughout the body. A healthy cardiovascular system is essential for overall health and well-being.There are many factors that can affect cardiovascular function, including diet, exercise, stress, and genetics. A diet high in saturated and trans fats can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Regular exercise can help improve cardiovascular function by strengthening the heart and blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, and reducing the risk of obesity and diabetes.Stress can also have a negative impact on cardiovascular function. Chronic stress can cause the release of hormones that increase heart rate and bloodpressure, which can lead to damage to the heart and blood vessels over time. Genetics also play a role in cardiovascular function, as certain genetic mutations can increase the risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular conditions.There are many ways to improve cardiovascular function, including making healthy lifestyle choices such as eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, managing stress, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption. In some cases, medication or surgery may be necessary to treat cardiovascular conditions.Overall, maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system is essential for a long and healthy life. By making healthy lifestyle choices and seeking medical care when necessary, individuals can improve their cardiovascular function and reduce their risk of developing cardiovascular disease.。
心血管功能英语作文
心血管功能英语作文Title: Understanding Cardiovascular Function: A Comprehensive Overview。
Introduction:The cardiovascular system plays a pivotal role in sustaining life by facilitating the circulation of blood throughout the body. Comprehending its intricate mechanisms is crucial for maintaining overall health and preventing cardiovascular diseases. In this essay, we will delve into the fundamentals of cardiovascular function, exploring its anatomy, physiology, regulation, and common disorders.Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System:The cardiovascular system comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart, a muscular organ, functions as a pump that propels blood throughout the body. It consists of four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.The atria receive blood returning to the heart, while the ventricles pump blood out of the heart to the rest of the body.Blood vessels form a network that transports blood to various tissues and organs. Arteries carry oxygen-richblood away from the heart, while veins return oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, facilitate the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between blood and tissues.Physiology of Circulation:The cardiovascular system operates through a series of coordinated events known as the cardiac cycle. During systole, the ventricles contract, pumping blood into the arteries. This is followed by diastole, during which the ventricles relax and refill with blood. This rhythmic cycle ensures continuous blood flow to meet the body's metabolic demands.Blood pressure, the force exerted by blood against thewalls of blood vessels, is regulated by various factors, including cardiac output, peripheral resistance, and blood volume. Maintaining optimal blood pressure is vital for ensuring adequate perfusion to organs and tissues.Regulation of Cardiovascular Function:The autonomic nervous system plays a central role in regulating cardiovascular function. The sympathetic nervous system stimulates the heart to beat faster and increases peripheral resistance, thereby elevating blood pressure. In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system slows heart rate and promotes relaxation, lowering blood pressure.Hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, released during times of stress or exertion, also influence cardiovascular function. Additionally, hormones like aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone regulate blood volume and electrolyte balance, further modulating blood pressure.Common Cardiovascular Disorders:Despite its remarkable resilience, the cardiovascular system is susceptible to various disorders. Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, and heart failure, are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Coronary artery disease results from the accumulation of plaque within coronary arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, strains the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other complications. Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, often due to weakened heart muscle or other underlying conditions.Conclusion:Understanding the intricacies of cardiovascularfunction is essential for maintaining heart health and preventing cardiovascular diseases. By adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and stress management, individuals can support optimalcardiovascular function and reduce their risk of developing heart-related conditions. Additionally, early detection and management of risk factors can significantly improve outcomes for those affected by cardiovascular diseases. Through continued research and education, we can strive towards a world where cardiovascular health is prioritized, leading to longer, healthier lives for all.。
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*Adapted from Schubert R, Lidington D and Bolz SS. Cardiovasc Res (2008) 77:8-18.
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Summary
• Controlling vessel diameter has the greatest impact on vascular resistance.
Functional Approaches to Studies in Vascular Biology
Jim Park, PhD
Chief Scientific Officer* Adjunct Research Faculty†
DMT A/S* Skejby Science Center Skejbyparken 152 DK8200 Aarhus N Denmark DMT-ASIA* Rm 28C No. 8 Dong Fang Road Lu Jia Zui Financial District Shanghai 200120 P.R. China University of Michigan† Department of Internal Medicine Division of Nephrology Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5680 USA DMT-USA, Inc* 201 E. Liberty Street Suite 6 Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA
• Myogenic responses and myogenic tone a major, innate property to regulate vascular diameter.
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
How can one measure direct vascular function without worrying about in vivo endogenous influences such as neuronal or hormonal factors?
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Arteriolar Myogenic Tone and the Myogenic Response
• Myogenic tone: a state of partial constriction even after all external influences are removed, at a constant pressure level. • Myogenic response: The change in tone in response to a change in pressure. • An autonomous response (pressure-dependent) of resistance artery smooth muscle to respond to changes in mechanical load • Crucial for setting vascular resistance
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
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Basic Principles of Myography
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Basic Principles and Concepts of Myography
Myography: The study of isolated muscle function
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Summary
• Three basic layers found in the vascular wall
• Adventitia (fibroblasts/macrophages)
– Inflammation – Neuronal control
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Controlling Vascular Diameter
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Mechanisms Controlling Vascular Blood Flow in Resistance Arteries
• Regulating blood vessel diameter
Vascular resistance (viscosity x length)/RADIUS4
• Mechanisms in resistance arteries
– Myogenic tone and the myogenic response – Metabolic influences – Neuronal influences
Lumen
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
General Anatomy of the Artery
• Adventitia
– Made up of elastin and collagen – Contains fibroblasts, mast cells and macrophages – Contains varicosities that hold nerves
DMT
General Anatomy of the Artery
Tunica media
– Composed of layers of smooth muscle – Defined by the internal and external elastic lamina – In smaller arteries, external elastic lamina less well-defined – Number of layers vary with artery size
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Functional Approaches to Studies in Vascular Biology
I. Basic vascular physiology
a. Arterial structure and function
b.
Mechanisms controlling vascular diameter
Dl Anatomy of the Artery
Artery Vessel Wall Cross Section
Endothelium Internal elastic lamina Vascular smooth muscle External elastic lamina Adventitia Tunica Media
• ~ 6 layers in 300µm vessels • Monolayer in 30 - 50µm vessels
– The contractile component of the artery
20µm
Electron micrograph from: Uehara, Y., Fujiwara, T. & Kaidoh, T. “Morphology of vascular smooth muscle fibers and pericytes: scanning electgron microscopic studies. Pp. 237-251. In Ultrastructure of Smooth Muscle. Ed. P.M. Motta, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990, Boston, USA.
• Provides a level of intrinsic constriction for vasodilators
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
DMT
Arteriolar Myogenic Tone and the Myogenic Response
40mmHg 80mmHg
•Myogenic response in a mouse resistance artery. •Initial pressure increase distended the diameter from 65µm to 68µm. •Five minutes after increase in pressure, diameter reading = 52µm.
• Contributes to vasodilation • Contributes to maintenance of laminar flow • Maintains an anti-thrombotic surface in the vessel lumen
DANISH MYO TECHNOLOGY
• Intima (endothelium)
– Source of potent vasodilators – Laminar flow – Anti-thrombotic/anti-coagulant
• Media (smooth muscle)
– Main contractile component – Oriented to maximize control of diameter
– Force during isometric contractions – Changes in diameter