【二轮推荐】2013届高中新课标生物二轮总复习(湖南用)限时训练：16 免疫调节
2013届高考化学二轮总复习限时训练 第03课时 离子反应 新人教版(湖南专用)
第3课时离子反应1.(2011·安徽)室温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是( )A．饱和氯水中：Cl－、NO－3、Na＋、SO2－3B．c(H＋)＝1.0×10－13mol·L－1溶液中：C6H5O－、K＋、SO2－4、Br－C．Na2S溶液中：SO2－4、K＋、Cl－、Cu2＋D．pH＝12的溶液中：NO－3、I－、Na＋、Al3＋2.(2011·新课标)能正确表示下列反应的离子方程式为( )A．硫化亚铁溶于稀硝酸中：FeS＋2H＋===Fe2＋＋H2S↑B．NH4HCO3溶于过量的NaOH溶液中：HCO－3＋OH－===CO2－3＋H2OC．少量SO2通入苯酚钠溶液中：C6H5O－＋SO2＋H2O===C6H5OH＋HSO－3D．大理石溶于醋酸中：CaCO3＋2CH3COOH===Ca2＋＋2CH3COO－＋CO2↑＋H2O3.(2012·江苏)下列表示对应化学反应的离子方程式正确的是( )A．用KIO3氧化酸性溶液中的KI：5I－＋IO－3＋3H2O===3I2＋6OH－B．向NH4HCO3溶液中加过量NaOH溶液并加热：NH＋4＋OH－=====△NH3↑＋H2OC．将过量二氧化硫气体通入冷氨水中：SO2＋NH3·H2O===HSO－3＋NH＋4D．用稀硝酸洗涤试管内壁的银镜：Ag＋2H＋＋NO－3===Ag＋＋NO↑＋H2O4.下列离子方程式书写正确的是( )A．过量的SO2通入NaOH溶液中：SO2＋2OH－===SO2－3＋H2OB．金属铝溶于氢氧化钠溶液：Al＋2OH－===AlO－2＋H2↑C．Al(OH)3的电离方程式：H＋＋AlO－2＋H2O Al(OH)3Al3＋＋3OH－D．NaHCO3溶液中加入过量的Ba(OH)2溶液：2HCO－3＋Ba2＋＋2OH－===BaCO3↓＋2H2O＋CO2－35.(2011·上海)某溶液中可能含有Na ＋、NH ＋4、Ba 2＋、SO 2－4、I －、S2－。
2013届高考英语二轮总复习 第19讲 细节理解题限时训练讲义 新课标(湖南专用)
第十九讲细节理解题(1)(8 min.)(原创)There are hundreds of travel writers. It will not be easy for you to make a mark, unless you are different. Reading the works of great travel writers and getting inspired by them are not a bad thing, but you should not copy their style and their approach. The world needs something new. Greatness is not achieved through following, it is achieved through leading, and to lead you need to choose your own approach!Being a travel writer can be _exacting. You must realize that you will not be the first one in a long line. Flights will not arrive on time for you, every hotel will not have a room for you, and you may not be able to make a living out of your work. So, you should be prepared mentally and physically before you begin your quest to explore the world.When you write a travel guide, you should remember that you are not the subject in your guide! You should always focus on the place that you are exploring. What is the difference between visiting a place and exploring it? The answer is very simple, when you visit a place you ask the question ‘where to go？’ and when you explore, you ask ‘why to go there？’ Your work should not turn out to be just a map which shows directions. It should explain why you chose a specific direction. If you are not curious while traveling, you will never have something new for your readers.I believe that every individual has a unique style of writing. You should dare to have a different approach. Avoid long personal stories and do not neglect grammar and punctuations.You should also take efforts to promote your work. You should make use of blogs, and popular social networking sites to promote your work. Try to establish contact with major publications. Once your work gets published in a big magazine, there is no stopping.There are many travel writers who say that this is the best job in the world. If you love traveling, you will love this job!1. According to the first paragraph, what do you need to do if you want to be a good travel writer?A. Develop your own style.B. Try to imitate others' approach.C. Read a lot of others' works.D. Get instructed by other writers.2. The underlined word “exacting” can be best replaced by “______”．A. interestingB. excitingC. rewardingD. challenging3. When you travel everywhere, what should you keep in mind according to Para.3?A. Patience.B. Curiosity.C. Judgment.D. Excitement.4. We can infer from the fourth paragraph that ______.A. places visited by thousands of writers have no untold storiesB. no one really has the time to read books with hundreds of pagesC. your reputation will be the same even with grammatical mistakesD. you can expect any miracles right after your first work is published5. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Making a good preparation.B. Visiting and exploring.C. Marketing yourself.D. Remembering some writing tips.(2)(8 min.)(2012·长郡中学月考五)Increasingly over the last few years, we have become familiar with the range of small electronic devices or “smart” accessories (附件，饰品). Pocket heartrate monitors for joggers and electronic maps are just the first examples of many new products that promise to change our lives in all sorts of surprising ways.As a scientist at New York University, Rosalind Picard tries out different smart accessories before they go on the market. One of these was the socalled “frown (皱眉) headband”. Rosalind was shocked to realize just how often she frowned. Stuck in a traffic jam recently, Rosalind kept hearing the sounds of the tiny sensor inside the band worn around her forehead —each time she frowned in annoyance, the sensor gave out a signal.Another computer scientist, Steven Feiner, is working on a pair of glasses that will do more than help you to see. Imagine you want to try a restaurant in a foreign city but you're not familiar with the dishes on the menu. If you are wearing a pair of Steven's glasses, all you have to do is glance above the restaurant's doorway and your glasses will immediately become windows to the Internet, offering you full details of the meals served inside. The glasses could also be used to help people make speeches, give chefs access to the latest recipes and even provide doctors with patient information while they carry out operations.At the moment, Steven's invention looks more like a large ski mask than a pair of glasses.It's a headset connected to a handheld computer and a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, which tracks the wearer's position. But he says that these headworn displays will eventually get smaller and lighter as technology improves.And, of course, this new technology has a fashionable as well as a useful application. A chemical engineer named Robert Langer has invented a new microchip that, if put inside a ring, can give off different smells according to a person's mood. That, of course, may or may not appeal to you. And, in the end, it is shoppers, not scientists, who will determine which of these smart accessories will succeed as fashionable items and which are sure to join history's long list of crazy inventions.It is clear, however, that as computers get smaller and cheaper, they will pop up in all sorts of easilywearable accessories, even in the buttons on your coat. What's more, this is something that's going to happen a lot sooner than we all expect.1. When Rosalind wore the headband, she was surprised at ______.A. how well the sensor workedB. how she was affected by trafficC. how strong the signal wasD. how comfortable it was2. For people eating out, Steven's glasses can ______.A. give them a restaurant's locationB. let them see a restaurant's environmentC. inform them about a restaurant's menuD. tell them about a restaurant's quality3. What is the current problem with Steven's glasses?A. Limited function.B. Inconvenience.C. High cost.D. Poor Internet access.4. In general, what does the writer think about smart accessories?A. They will soon be widely available.B. Much more research is needed into them.C. Only a few of them will appeal to shoppers.D. Most of them are considered to be crazy inventions.5. What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage?A. To advertise some smart accessories.B. To tell interesting stories about smart accessories.C. To argue that smart accessories are fashionable.D. To introduce the ideas of smart accessories.(3)(8 min.)(原创)From the car park at the foot of the Range of the Awful Hand, it is a short walk to what may be the darkest place in Scotland. The site is famous among a small group of enthusiasts who come here in black nights to stand, watch and wonder.The patch of ground is surrounded by 300 square miles of moorland(沼泽地), woods and lakes that form the rough wilderness of Galloway Forest Park in southern Scotland, and in a few weeks, officials at the park will take steps towards making it Europe's first dark sky park.Only two other parks in the world, one in Pennsylvania, the other in Utah, have been recognized by the International DarkSky Association, a USbased organization that seeks to preserve the darkest corners of the Earth. To earn dark sky park status, officials will submit digital photographs of the night sky taken through a fisheye lens(超广角镜头). Their application must also be supported by readings from light meters at different points in the park.In 1989, the British Astronomical Society set up a group called the Campaign for Dark Skies to highlight the growing issue of light pollution. W ith increasing urbanization come betterlit streets, roads and buildings, which send light needlessly up into the sky, hiding all but the brightest stars. According to some estimates, the amount of light sent into space costs around $110 million a year.“I f you go out in an urban street and look up at night, you might see 50, maybe 100 stars at best. But come to our park and when you look up, there are so many stars you can't count them. You can see shooting stars, satellites and the Milky Way, with its billions of stars. You don't even need a highpowered telescope: a pair of binoculars is brilliant，” said Keith Muir, an official at Galloway Forest Park.Steven Owens, a British astronomer, also said, “We've become a very urban population, and in doing so we've cut ourselves off from experiences people have had for hundreds and thousands of years.”“People have been looking up at the night sky, telling stories and passing on myths and legends for the whole recorded human history. But when we moved into cities, we lost that deepconnection with the universe. In setting up dark sky parks, we're trying to reconnect people with nature.”1. What attracts people most in Galloway Forest Park?A. The dark nights.B. The wonderful scenery.C. 300 square miles of moorland.D. The rough wilderness.2. What must be included for Galloway Forest Park to gain dark sky status?A. Some myths and legends.B. Some pictures of the Milky Way.C. Digital photographs of the night sky.D. Light meters used at different points in the park.3. Why was the Campaign for Dark Skies set up?A. To highlight the growing issue of light pollution.B. To preserve the wildlife in Scotland.C. To attract world's attention to the dark corners on earth.D. To prevent urbanization.4. In comparison with urban nights, people can ______ at Galloway nights.A. enjoy all the rough wildernessB. breathe fresh airC. enjoy countless starsD. count all the stars 5. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Observing StarsB. Europe's First Dark Sky ParkC. The International DarkSky AssociationD. Three Dark Sky Parks in the World(4)(8 min.)Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might even be more dirty than their gasolinepowered cousins.People in California love to tal k about “zeroemissions vehicles”， but people in California seem to be clueless about where electricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fire to make it. Aside from the new folks who have their roofs covered with solar cells, we get our electricity from generators. Generators are fueled by something — usually coal, oil, but also by heat generated in nuclear power plants. There are a few wind farms and geothermal(地热的) plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other word s, those “zeroemissions” cars are likely coalburning cars. It's just because the coal is burned somewhere else that it looks clean. It is not. It's as if the California Greensare covering their eyes —“If I can't see it, it's not happening.” Gasoline is an incredibly efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas (or another fuel) and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostly in the form of wasted heat — at the generator, through the transmission lines, etc.A gallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas won't get you nearly as far —so electric cars burn more fuel than gaspowered ones. If our electricity came mostly from nukes(核能发电厂), or geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we don't use much of those energy sources.In addition, electric cars' batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill. And finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When it's a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.1. What does “clueless” mean in paragraph 2?A. People are seeing the California Greens everywhere.B. People in California love to talk about “zeroemissions vehicles”．C. People in California love to have their roofs covered with solar cells.D. People there have no idea that so far electricity mainly comes from burning coal, oil, etc.2. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Electric cars are not clean at all.B. Electric cars are better than gasolinepowered ones.C. People cast doubts on electric cars' batteries.D. Gasoline is an efficient way to power a vehicle.3. The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car run ______.A. not less than 25 milesB. more than 25 milesC. no more than 25 milesD. not more than 25 miles4. According to the passage, electric cars ______.A. do not burn fuel and more environmentallyfriendlyB. are toxic because it is difficult for nature to clean it up when their batteries are buried in one spotC. are very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentratedD. are poisonous for a long time and will eventually end up in a landfill5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. being green is good and should be encouraged in communicationB. electric cars are not clean in that we get electricity mainly by burning somethingC. zeroemissions vehicles should be chosen to protect our environmentD. electric cars are now the dominant vehicle compared with g asolinepowered cousins答案第十九讲细节理解题(1)怎样成为一个优秀的旅游作家？作者给出了自己的建议。
【二轮推荐】2013届高中新课标生物二轮总复习(湖南用)限时训练11生物的变异.DOC
小专题11生物的变异1.人体细胞内含有抑制癌症发生的P53(P＋)基因。
下图表示从正常人和患者体内获取的P53基因的部分区域。
癌症患者的P53基因突变后为P－。
已知限制酶E识别序列为CCGG。
现有某人的P53基因部分区域经限制酶E 完全切割后，共出现170、220、290和460个碱基对的四种片段，那么他的基因型是A．P＋P＋B．P＋P－C．P－P－D．P＋P＋P－2.假如人工诱导某健康雄性小鼠成功地发生了1个基因突变，测得相关的蛋白质分子中有1个氨基酸改变，但该个体性状完全没有变化，则后代的情况可能的组合是①仍然没有变化②其下一代雄性个体中约有1/2发生改变③杂交后代之间相交，出现性状改变的个体④杂交后代之间相交，性状改变的个体全部为雌性A．①②B．②③C．③④D．①③3.生物的某些变异可通过细胞分裂某一时刻染色体的行为来识别。
甲、乙两模式图分别表示细胞分裂过程中出现的“环形圈”、“十字形结构”现象，图中字母表示染色体上的基因。
下列有关叙述正确的是A．甲图所示现象是因为发生了个别碱基对的增添或缺失B．甲图所示现象是因为发生染色体片段的易位C．乙图所示现象是因为非同源染色体之间进行了交叉互换D．乙图所示现象是因为同源染色体非姐妹染色单体之间发生交叉互换4.(2012·江苏卷)某植株的一条染色体发生缺失突变，获得该缺失染色体的花粉不育，缺失染色体上具有红色显性基因B，正常染色体上具有白色隐性基因b(见下图)。
如以该植株为父本，测交后代中部分表现为红色性状。
下列解释合理的是A．减数分裂时染色单体1或2上的基因b突变为BB．减数第二次分裂时姐妹染色单体3与4自由分离C．减数第二次分裂时非姐妹染色单体之间自由组合D．减数第一次分裂时非姐妹染色单体之间交叉互换5.图甲为果蝇体细胞中染色体结构模式图，图乙为该个体减数分裂形成配子时某细胞中的两对染色体。
下列说法正确的是A．图甲含有两个染色体组，图乙含有四个染色体组B．基因A、W之间遗传时遵循基因的自由组合定律C．图乙减数分裂完成后，若形成Da的卵细胞，则同时产生的三个极体的基因型是Da、dA、dAD．图乙减数分裂完成后，若形成了Dda的卵细胞，其原因只是减数第一次分裂后期同源染色体①和②没有分离6.(2012·广东卷)科学家用人工合成的染色体片段，成功替代了酵母菌的第6号和第9号染色体的部分片段，得到的重组酵母菌能存活，未见明显异常。
2013届高考英语二轮总复习 第22讲 推理判断题限时训练讲义 新课标(湖南专用)
第二十二讲推理判断题(1)(8 min.)(2012·师大附中一模)Back in the old days, when I was a child, we sat around the family round table at dinner time and exchanged our daily experiences. It wasn't very organized, but everyone was recognized and all the news that had to be told was told by each family member.We listened to each other and the interest was not puton; it was real. Our family was a unit and we supported each other, and nurtured each other, and liked each other, and — we were even willing to admit — we loved each other.Today, the family round table has moved to the local fastfood restaurant and talk is not easy, much less encouraged.Grandma, who used to live upstairs, is now the voice on long distance, and the working parent is far too beaten down each day to spend evening relaxation time listening to the sandbox experience of an eager fouryearold.So family conversation is as extinct as my old toys and parental questions such as “What have you been doing, Bobby？” have been replaced by “I'm busy, go to watch television.”And watch TV they do; count them by the millions.But it's usually not children's television that children watch. Saturday morning, the children's hour, amounts to only about 8 percent of their weekly viewing.Where are they to be found? Watching adult television, of course, from the Match Game in the morning, to the afternoon at General Hospital, from the muggings and battles on the evening news right through the family hour and past into Starsky and Hutch. That's where you find our kids, over five million of them, at 10 p. m．， not fewer than a million until after midnight! All of this is done with parental permission.Television, used well, can provide enriching experiences for our young people, but we must use it with some sense. When the carpet is clean, we turn off the vacuum cleaner. When the dishes are clean, the dishwasher turns itself off.Not so the television, which is on from the sun in the morning to the moon at night and beyond!Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the child when a program not intended for that child is viewed. Parents need to intervene. Nonintervention may be a wise policy in international affairs, but the results of parental nonintervention will not be wise at all.1. From the first two paragraphs one may infer that the writer's a attitude towards “the old days” is ______.A. preferringB. hatingC. being tired ofD. disappointing2. The working parent is not willing to listen to her (his) fouryearold chil d talking about his sandbox games because she (he) is ______.A. boringB. very tiredC. busyD. angry3. According to the writer, the responsibility for the kid's watching adult television and watching it for a long time should be undertaken by ______.A. the television stationsB. the societyC. TV programsD. their parents4. If we use television with some ______， television can provide our young people with much knowledge.A. instruction of expertsB. judgment of our ownC. direction of engineersD. indication of teachers5. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Parental nonintervention will not be praised.B. Nonintervention may be a good policy in international affairs.C. Parents must exercise some control and show some concern about the cultural influence on the children.D. Parents need to intervene.(2)(8 min.)(2012·师大附中二模)Dallas Children's Theater AcademyShow Biz Summer 2012Rosewood Center for Family Arts5938 Skillman*Dallas, TX 75231 * (214) 9780110Important Information* All classes are taught by DCT Theater Professionals!* All Grade Levels indicated are for Fall 2012.* Tuition Deposit required for registration.* Tuition balance due on the first day of class. No tuition refunds (退款).* DCT reserves the right to cancel any class; refunds made for cancellation.* Please accompany student to first day of class.* Registration begins onehalf hour before class time.* Questions? Call Nancy Schaeffer at (214) 9780110 or email nancy@How to RegisterMAIL: Fill out the form in this brochure.* Be sure to list the class and group that you want & the dates.* The registration form may be copied.FAX: Complete the registration form and fax it to DCT at (214) 9780118.PHONE: Call (214) 9780110.WEB: Visit __,_click on Academy ClassesDrama Days! — $175Entering Grades: Group A: K Group B: 1st & 2nd Group C: 3rd — 5thMon. — Fri. 9: 30 a．m. — 1 p．m. June 2 — June 6* Day One — come up with a character, work with your class to plan the play.* Day Two —create the situations and scenes for your oneofakind show!* Day Three — rehearse (排演) your part.* Day Four — pick a costume, get ready!* Day Five — SHOWTIME — invite family and friends to your Friday Showcase!* Bring a sack lunch and drink each day!Laugh out Loud —$175Entering Grades: 5＋Mon. — Fri.1: 30 p．m.—5: 00 p．m. June 23—June 27 Show Friday, June 27* Do you like comedy? Try your hand at the world of comedy in the class just for you!* Learn a comedy sketch from the old masters!* Tell a joke! Learn why old jokes can be the best!* Work with your class to put on a oneofakind Comedy Show for family and friends!Acting — Just Acting — $225Group A: Entering Grades K; Group B: Entering Grades 1st — 2nd; Group C: Entering Grades 3rd — 4th; Mon. — Fri. 9: 30 a．m. — 2: 30 p．m.; Session Ⅰ： July 28 — Aug. 1; Session Ⅱ： Aug. 4 —Aug. 8; Session Ⅲ： Aug. 11 — Aug. 15 * Are you ready to challenge your acting skills and try something new?* Start with the characters: Who are you? Be the star of your dreams.* Become the character you've always wanted to be.* Work with your class to create the plot.* Get ready to present your show for family and friends on the final Friday!Summer Scenes — $225Entering Grades 5th and 6th; Mon. — Fri.9: 30 a．m — 2: 30 p．m.; Session Ⅰ： July 28 —Aug.1; Session Ⅱ： Aug.4 —Aug.8; Session Ⅲ： Aug.11 — Aug.15* Do you want to be an actor?* Improve your skills with instruction from professional actors & directors.* Rehearse and perform scenes from your favorite plays.* Develop characters and polish performances!1. What is the purpose of the text?A. To earn money from the introduction.B. To attract readers to attend Summer Scenes.C. To persuade readers to attend Show Biz Summer 2012.D. To teach readers how to register for Show Biz Summer 2012.2. If you want to attend Show Biz Summer 2012, you should be aware that ______.A. there'll be no refunds in any caseB. tuition must be paid at least before June 2C. registration begins half an hour after class timeD. students had better be accompanied on the first day3. It can be inferred from the text that all the four oneweek specials ______.A. are intended for children aged below 7B. are all held at Rosewood Center for Family ArtsC. will take place in June or July and last five daysD. need students to bring a sack lunch and drink each day4. Which of the following classes suits those who want to be actors?A. Summer Scenes.B. Acting — Just Acting.C. Laugh out Loud.D. Drama Days!5. Where is the text most probably from?A. A newspaper.B. An entertainment magazine.C. A guide book.D. Part of a brochure.(3)(8 min.)(2012·长郡中学月考六)Have you ever ripped a dollar bill by mistake? If so, perhaps you taped it back together. Sometimes money is damaged in more serious ways. Then it is not easy to fix. If you cannot repair paper money, you cannot use it. You have to send badly damaged money to a special government office in Washington, D. C.The people who work in this office sit at long tables under bright lights. Their main tools are magnifying glasses and tweezers. Their job is to piece together the damaged bills. The workers try to find at least half of each of bill. Otherwise the government will not pay the owner for it.This office is very busy. It handles about 30, 000 cases per year. People may wait a long time before their case comes up, but it's worth it. The service is free, and you may get your money back.How is money damaged? Sometimes it is damaged in a fire. Then a person may have mostly ashes to send in. Sometimes money is damaged in a flood. Then the bills are faded and stuck together. People had sent money that had gone through the washing machine. Some bills have been chewed by animals. Others somehow got into blenders.Also some people don't like banks, so they hid their money in unusual places. If bills are buried in cans, they sometimes get moldy. Mice often nibble at money hidden in attics and basements.Once, a truck carrying money for a bank exploded. There was a big fire. The truck company sent in the remains of the bills. They were worth $2.5 million dollars. Thanks to the government workers, the company got a check for all the money.1. If you cannot repair money, you cannot ______.A. buy itB. use itC. hide itD. send it2. You can send badly damaged money to a government ______ in Washington, D. C.A. bankB. billC. officeD. tool3. Workers find half of a bill so the government will ______.A. pay the ownerB. fix the moneyC. call the ownerD. take the job4. Some people hide money because they don't like ______.A. firesB. checksC. miceD. banks5. Thanks to the workers, the company was able to ______.A. put out the fireB. get the money backC. write a checkD. buy the money back(4)(8 min.)(2012·十二校联考二)Poetry Writing Classes OnlineConsider it the caviar (鱼子酱) of literature: tiny eggs with wonderful taste. Poetry has inspired the human soul for thousands of years and there are those who still treasure its magnificence. If you hear mermaids singing or feel the wind or see the sun rising in ribbons then you are one of these happy few. Excellence in poetry is mysterious, but a quest(探索) is worth pursuing. In our courses, you will learn to control sound, structure, line, word, theme, etc. into wel lcrafted poems and you will improve your precision by experimenting with various timehonored forms. You will also learn how and where to market your work.LevelⅠPoetry Writing 10Week WorkshopUsing a balance of lecture, exercise, and comment on work from the instructor and classmates, this course gives students a firm grounding in all the basics of poetry writing.● Write twosix poems● Lectures on basics of poetry craft● Writing exercises● Present work for critique(评论)(two times)PoetryⅠ is for begi nners or anyone who wants to brush up on the fundamentals.Online ClassesTuition: $395, Returning Students $365. Registration Fee $25.Each class strictly limited to 16 students, ages 18 and up.● You can still enroll in this class!AdvancedPoetry Writing 10Week WorkshopFocusing on developing projects and receiving comment from the instructor and classmates, this course helps students sharpen their skills and work toward completion of publishable work. Begin or refine twosix poems.● Lectures that expand on basics of poetry craft● Writing Exercises● Present work for indepth critique (two times)Online ClassesTuition: $395, Returning Students $365. Registration Fee $25.Each class strictly limited to 14 students, ages 18 and up.● You can still enroll in this class!1. You learn the following on Poetry Writing Classes Online EXCEPT ______.A. where you can sell your poemsB. why it's worth seeking excellence in poetryC. how to write a wellcrafted poemD. how to sharpen your skills in poetry2. If you rejoin the online poetry writing classes, you should pay ______.A. $390B. $410C. $395D. $3653. If you are a beginner, you can start the courses from ______.A. July 14B. Aug. 14C. July 6D. Oct. 64. In Advanced Poetry Writing Class, you are asked to ______.A. lay steady foundations for the basis of poetry writingB. hand in your poems getting ready for publicationC. make comments on the works of your classmatesD. give some lectures on basics of poetry craft5. The passage is most probably from a ______.A. newspaper advertisementB. book reviewC. scientific magazineD. news report答案第二十二讲推理判断题(1)1. A 推理判断题。
2013届高考英语二轮总复习 第26讲 阅读简答限时训练讲义2 新课标(湖南专用)
第二十六讲阅读简答(二)(1)(10 min.)(师大附中2012届高三下学期模拟)He seems an unlikely hero, especially one that would save a kid from the jaws of a wild cougar(美洲豹) .Shen Huigang is just now getting recognition for his bravery in fighting off a cougar on Vancouver Island, Canada, during a family outing on Aug. 30.Shen, also known as Ian, was then an exchange student at Kwantlen Polytechnic University enjoying the afternoon on a beach near Ucluelet, a small town on the edge of the Pacific Ocean.With him was a friend, Myles Hagar, and Hagar's two grandchildren.Silently and suddenly a cougar appeared out of nowhere.By the time the two adults spotted the cat, believed to be young but still weighing 30 to 35 kilograms, it already had the head of 18monthold Julien in its mout h.Instinctively, the young man gestured as if he were ready for a fight, and tried to scare the beast off with the bag in his hands.On hearing the noise Shen made, the animal dropped the kid and Hagar grabbed his grandson from the cougar's jaws. Shen and Hagar gradually chased the animal back into the woods.“We also moved slowly to our vehicle, as we waved our fists and bags, pretending we wanted to fight with it, ”Shen said.“The vehicle wasn't far away but it felt like it took us a century to travel the short journey.”“Any hesitation, at any moment, even a second delay, would have resulted in certain death for Julien. The cougar was just about to break his neck and carry him away to be eaten in the forest.”Hagar said. Julien has since made a full recove ry.Parks Canada spokeswoman Arlene Armstrong told the National Post newspaper of Canada in an interview in August.“The two men acted properly by maintaining eye contact with the big cat and aggressively scaring it off.”1. How did Ian get recognition on Vancouver Island？(No more than 12 words)________________________________________________________________________2. What happened to Julien by the time the two adults saw the young cougar？(No more than 10 words)________________________________________________________________________3. Why did the cougar give up eating the kid？(No more than 8 words)________________________________________________________________________4. What if you are fighting with a wild cougar？(No more than 12 words)________________________________________________________________________(2)(10 min.)(浏阳一中2012届高三上学期第一次月考试题)John Irving Bentley was a Pennsylvanian physician who was found burned to death in his bathroomin December 1966. Many people were burned to death, but Bentley's case was very different from others' because he didn't die in a house fire. Dr. Bentley was a victim of spontaneous human combustion (人体自燃)．Dr. Bentley was last seen alive on December 4th, 1966. Some friends had been visiting him and they didn't leave his home until about 9 o'clock in the evening. The following morning a meter reader named Don Gosnell arrived at Bentley's home and let himself in. Gosnell headed straight for the basement where the meter(计量表) was kept. While he was down in the basement, Gosnell became aware of some strange smell and he also noticed the presence of some light blue smoke. Naturally, the meter reader(抄表员) was curious about this and he went upstairs.Gosnell found more smoke in the bedroom and an inspection of the bathroom revealed Bentley's fate. All that remained of him was the lower half of his right leg. Bentley's foot was still inside his slipper. The rest of Bentley's body had been reduced to ashes, some of which were on the floor of the bathroom, while the rest of them were down in the basement because the heat from the blazing body had burned a hole in the floor.At the time it was thought that Dr. Bentley might have set himself on fire with his pipe. This theory was dismissed soon because the Bentley's pipe was found on its stand beside his bed in the next room.Nobody has ever been able to offer a satisfactory explanation for what happened to Dr. Bentley. He was just one of many victims throughout the years, whose death is a mystery and may always be so.1. Why did Don Gosnell come to Dr. Bentley's home that morning? (No more than 9 words)________________________________________________________________________2. What made Don Gosnell go up to the bedroom from the basement? (No more than 12 words)________________________________________________________________________3. What happened to Dr. Bentley? (No more than 15 words)________________________________________________________________________4. Why was it impossible that Dr. Bentley set himself on fire with his pipe? (No more than 9 words)________________________________________________________________________(3)(10 min.)British reporters are known for doing almost anything to get a story. But reports that a newspaper secretly listened to telephone messages of murdered schoolgirls and other private citizens have produced shock and anger.On Friday, British police arrested Andy Coulson, former editor of Britain's bestselling newspaper, News of the World. The investigation led him to resign in January as communications director to Prime Minister David Cameron.The arrest came in a widening investigation of telephone hacking(窃听). Other accusations include paying police for information on stories.The company News International stopped publishing the weekly News of the World. News International belongs to Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, also known as News Corp. The 168yearold newspaper published for the last time on Sunday.Police say the victims also include parents of soldiers killed in Iraq and Afghanistan.Prime Minister Cameron called the hacking reports “disgusting”. But he himself is facing attention for having asked Andy Coulson to serve as his media adviser. Mr. Coulson resigned from News of the World in 2007. He left when a reporter was jailed for listening to the phone messages of Britain's royal family members. The prime minister says Mr. Coulson told him he had no knowledge of the phone hacking incidents. He says he wanted to give Mr. Coulson a “second chance”.Rupert Murdoch was born in Australia. He became a citizen of the United States in 1985 so he could buy American television stations. His father, Keith Murdoch, was a famous World War Ⅰ reporter who later led an Australian newspaper group. After his father died, the younger Murdoch took control of the two newspapers that his father owned.Today, he is a media “colossus(巨头)”. He doesn't control the media in every country but it's_very_difficult_to_travel_to_most_parts_of_this_world_without_encountering_a_Rupert_Mur doch_media_product._1. How old is News of the World? (No more than 3 words)________________________________________________________________________2. According to the passage, how did News of the World get news information? (No more than 7 words)________________________________________________________________________3. What does the underlined sentence “it's very difficult to travel to most parts of this world without en countering a Rupert Murdoch media product.” mean? (No more than 13 words)________________________________________________________________________4. List the victims of the telephone hacking. (No more than 15 words)________________________________________________________________________(4)(10 min.)(湖南省邵阳市2012届高三第一次联考)Sorry Mom, Carrots Won't Actually Improve EyesightLike many kids, I didn't like vegetables —especially carrots and broccoli. Adults frequently told me that carrots would improve my eyesight, so that seemed like a good reason to try liking them.There was one person who didn't tell me this; he actually told me the opposite. My grandfather overheard somebody tell me that carrots would improve my eyesight. He didn't say anything immediately, but he let me in on a little secret after that person left the room — it was all a big lie. Carrots do not improve your eyesight.Sure, carrots contain betacarotene, which metabolizes into Vitamin A and everyone agrees that is essential for maintaining eye health, but it does not improve it (unless the body is deprived of it to begin with). Also, it really has nothing to do with carrots, the necessary vitamins can come from any source.So where did this myth come from?During World War Ⅱ， the British were particularly good at shooting down Nazi bombers at night, when it's almost impossible to see other planes. It was as if they had superhuman sight, and they did. They had radar.Once news stories started to circulate about these pilots with seemingly superhuman eyes, the government needed a good explanation to prevent the Germans from learning about thistechnology: Carrots.Flight Lieutenant John Cunningham, nicknamed “Cats Eyes” for his incredible ability to shoot down enemy planes, had a natural love for carrots. The story wrote itself and they explained that they were feeding other pilots a lot of carrots to improve their eyesight too.1. What function do people usually think the carrot has？(No more than 5 words)________________________________________________________________________2. According to the passage, why is the carrot important for eyesight？(No more than 12 words)________________________________________________________________________3. What made people think the British soldiers had superhuman sight？(No more than 15 words)________________________________________________________________________4. Why did this myth spread out that carrots can improve eyesight？(No more than 16 words)答案第二十六讲阅读简答(二)(1)1. He saved a kid from the jaws of a wild cougar.2. The cougar had his head in its mouth.3. Because it was scared by Ian./Because Ian scared it off.4. You should maintain eye contact with it and scare it off.(2)1. To read the meter of Dr. Bentley's home.2. Some strange smell and the presence of some light blue smoke.3. His body was reduced to ashes except the lower half of his right leg.4. Because his pipe was found in another room.(3)1. 168 years old.2. By telephone hacking and paying police.3. Rupert Murdoch media products are sold in most parts of the world. / Rupert Murdoch media products have great effects on most parts of the world.4. Murdered schoolgirls, parents of soldiers killed in Iraq and Afghanistan, and Britain's royal family members.(4)1. It can improve people's eyesight.2. Because it contains vitamin A, which is essential to maintain eye health.3. They were particularly good at shooting down Nazi bombers at night./They used radar toimprove their shooting Nazi bombers at night.4. Because the British government used carrots as an explanation to prevent the technology radar letting out./ Because the British government wanted to prevent the technology radar letting out.。
2013高考生物二轮复习 选择类
2013高考生物二轮复习：选择类专题概述：选择题是历年高考的必考题型，每年生物选择题在高考中都占一定比重。
选择题能考查所学知识的要点和知识之间的内在联系，能考查用文字、图表、图解等形式阐述生物学事实、概念、原理和规律的能力。
命题内容覆盖面广，范围大，试题难度不一，多以中低档题为主，个别难度较大。
考纲要求：高考生物选择题给出的信息可以蕴涵在文字，也可以蕴涵在图表中，这些图表可以是模式图、示意图、装置图、曲线图、数据表格等。
这类题型相对独立，她具有信息量大、概念强、知识覆盖面广、考查的角度和层次多等特点，它不仅可以考查学生对基础知识的掌握情况，而且在一定程度上也可以考查学生各方面的能力，如推理能力、图文理解及分析能力、信息转换能力等。
考点分析：考点一、判断正误选择题具体考点：判断正误选择题的类型及解决方法1.迷惑概念型迷惑概念型题要从多个概念中区分、判断出符合题干要求的选项，是迷惑概念题型的解题关键。
解答此类试题时，首先要认真审题，找出“题眼”——概念，然后进行知识迁移，即回顾教材中对该概念的准确描述并进行思维拓展，从内涵和外延两方面去印证题干与选项之间是否相符，最后做出准确判断。
准确、规范地记忆基本概念，认真仔细地审出“题眼”，然后将题干与选项进行科学印证，是解答此类试题的“三步曲”。
2.直接判断型直接判断题型的解决方法是将获得的准确信息与已知的基本概念、基本原理相比较，判断选项的正误。
本题的考查要求考生要有扎实的细胞结构及生命历程的知识基础。
重视基础的理解和拓展是做好本类题型的关键。
3.分析判断型做此类型题的关键在于审题，分析判断型选择题是在题干和备选项中要求学生对概念、观点和结论进行分析、判断和评价。
解题时要充分重视试题提供的资料，全面细致分析该题有无限制条件、隐含条件、干扰因素，对试题中关键字词作重要标记，另外要注重读题，切勿草率答题。
常用方法：（1）推理法：根据题干中隐含的已知条件，进行逻辑推理或运算，找出知识之间的因果关系或层次关系，从而做出正确判断。
2013年高考新课标2卷(生物部分)
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标Ⅱ）理科综合能力测试（生物部分）一、选择题：每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．关于DNA和RNA的叙述，正确的是A．DNA有氢键，RNA没有氢键 B．一种病毒同时含有DNA和RNAC．原核细胞中既有DNA，也有RNA D．叶绿体、线粒体和核糖体都含有DNA参考答案：C【命题立意】：主要考查DNA和RNA的分布以及空间结构。
【解题思路】：在tRNA中，也存在碱基之间的互补配对，故也有氢键，A错；一种病毒中只能含有一种核酸，要么是DNA要么是RNA，B错；核糖体是由核糖体蛋白质和核糖体RNA组成，不含有DNA，D错。
所以答案选择C。
2.关于叶绿素的叙述，错误的是A．叶绿素a和叶绿素b都含有镁元素B．被叶绿素吸收的光可用于光合作用C．叶绿素a和叶绿素b在红光区的吸收峰值不同D．植物呈现绿色是由于叶绿素能有效地吸收绿光参考答案：D【命题立意】：主要考查叶绿素的元素组成和功能。
【解题思路】：植物在进行光合作用时主要吸收的红光和蓝紫光，由于绿色植物几乎不吸收绿色光，所以植物的叶片一般呈现绿色。
3.下列与微生物呼吸有关的叙述，错误的是A．肺炎双球菌无线粒体，但能进行有氧呼吸B．与细菌呼吸有关的酶由拟核中的基因编码C．破伤风芽孢杆菌适宜生活在有氧的环境中D．有氧和无氧时，酵母菌呼吸作用产物不同参考答案：C【命题立意】：考查与典型微生物代谢相关的知识点，具有一定的综合性。
【解题思路】：破伤风芽孢杆菌的代谢类型是异养厌氧型，在有氧的环境中，破伤风芽孢杆菌的代谢要受到抑制，C错。
4．关于免疫细胞的叙述，错误的是A．淋巴细胞包括B细胞、T细胞和吞噬细胞B．血液和淋巴液中都含有T细胞和B细胞C．吞噬细胞和B细胞都属于免疫细胞D．浆细胞通过胞吐作用分泌抗体参考答案：A【命题立意】：考查对免疫细胞和淋巴细胞之间内在联系的理解。
【解题思路】：免疫细胞中包括淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等；根据淋巴细胞生成的场所，淋巴细胞又可以分为B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞，所以A错。
【二轮推荐】2013届高中新课标生物二轮总复习(湖南用)限时训练参考答案—综合测试卷.DOC
配套试卷综合测试卷(一)1．D支原体无细胞壁；该人造细胞为原核生物，其增殖方式为二分裂；由于该人造细胞的遗传物质来自人工合成的蕈状支原体的DNA，其代谢方式与山羊支原体不同。
2．B水和无机盐是植物生命活动所必需的物质；生态系统的生物部分包括生产者、消费者和分解者，因此作物、杂草、害虫和细菌等分解者共同组成了农田生态系统的生物部分；灭虫可使农作物的能量尽可能流向对人类有利的方向，即调整能量流动的方向；杂草与农作物形成了竞争关系，锄草可减轻种间竞争，利于作物生长。
3．B“分子马达”是一种蛋白质，其合成需要经过转录和翻译过程；其基本组成单位是氨基酸；每个氨基酸分子中至少都有一个氨基，R基中也可能含有氨基，故一个氨基酸分子中有可能含有多个氨基；细胞内的直接能源物质是A TP，故“分子马达”的运动消耗的能量由ATP提供；RNA聚合酶是以DNA的一条链为模板合成新的RNA分子的，故RNA聚合酶是沿DNA模板移动的“分子马达”，B项错。
4．D森林生态系统的抵抗力稳定性比较强，恢复力稳定性比较弱，火灾过后的恢复过程将是一个非常缓慢的过程；本次大火过后，将使某些生物失去栖息地，从而影响当地的生物多样性。
5．A合成并分泌与该病毒特异性结合的抗体的细胞是浆细胞；抗体与该肠道病毒特异性结合形成抗原－抗体复合物，并被吞噬细胞清除；记忆细胞不会产生抗体，在相应的抗原再次侵入机体后会迅速增殖分化成浆细胞。
6．C从题图中箭头可知，进化的实质是基因频率的改变(a)，A项错误；b是指突变和选择导致基因频率的改变，B项错误；现代生物进化理论继承了达尔文的进化论的核心观点：自然选择学说，C项正确；生物多样性包含基因多样性、物种多样性和生态系统多样性，故D项错误。
7．Ⅰ.(1)蔗糖溶液浓度和半透膜面积(2)0.5 g/mL(3)蔗糖溶液浓度速率(4)缩短记录的时间间隔(5)结果不会相同；原因是钠离子和氯离子可以通过半透膜Ⅱ.(1)不受细胞内K元素进入活细胞的方式为主动运输，需要有氧呼吸提供能量，缺氧条件下吸收将会受到抑制(2)基本等于解析：本实验主考查了渗透作用，实验命题点主要是自变量，因变量与无关变量的控制。
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小专题16免疫调节
1.(2011·长安一中高三质量检测)肉毒杆菌毒素是从肉毒杆菌提取的一种细菌毒素蛋白，它能阻遏乙酰胆碱释放，从而起到麻痹肌肉的作用。
美容医疗中通过注射适量的肉毒杆菌以达到除皱效果。
肉毒杆菌毒素除皱的机理最可能是
A．抑制突触前膜内的突触小泡与突触前膜融合
B．抑制核糖体合成乙酰胆碱
C．抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性，阻遏与受体结合的乙酰胆碱被清除
D．与突触后膜上乙酰胆碱受体特异性结合，阻止肌肉收缩
2.下列不属于免疫过程的是
A．花粉引起体内毛细血管扩张
B．移植的器官被患者排斥
C．骨髓瘤细胞与B淋巴细胞融合
D．病原微生物被体内吞噬细胞吞噬
3.有资料表明，严重的排异反应使人类心脏移植的存活率只有47%，但人类的角膜移植成功率为100%。
医学研究表明人的角膜、大脑、软骨、妊娠的子宫等，都能容忍外来的抗原蛋白而不产生排异反应，这种现象在医学上称为“免疫赦免”。
这些部位称“免疫赦免区”。
科学家认为，免疫赦免区的细胞有赦免基因，它能启动自杀程序让免疫细胞自杀，因而使后者不能产生抗体。
下列有关说法正确的是
A．移植心脏难以存活的主要原因是供者与受者组织相容性的差异
B．“免疫赦免”现象说明人体的免疫系统存在一定的缺陷
C．妊娠子宫的这种“免疫赦免”特性不利于胚胎的正常发育
D．使移植器官获得“免疫赦免”的主要途径是用药物抑制细胞免疫
4.2007年9月18日，制药企业美国默克公司进行的艾滋病疫苗试验被叫停。
英国《卫报》日前也以这样的标题表达了人类对艾滋病疫苗研究的悲观情绪——《人类可能永远找不到艾滋病疫苗》。
下列相关叙述不正确的是A．HIV主要攻击人体的T细胞，从而使人失去免疫能力
B．艾滋病病毒在同一患者体内也具有多样性，这就使免疫系统很难对机体内所有的艾滋病病毒产生有效的免疫反应
C．HIV的遗传物质RNA的高度变异性给疫苗研制带来重重困难
D．疫苗的使用会使病毒发生变异，进而产生对抗病毒药物的耐药性
5.挪威科学家最新的研究显示，气候变暖将提高人类患腺鼠疫的可能性。
这种疾病是由鼠疫杆菌(宿主为啮
齿动物)引起的，鼠疫杆菌释放类毒素，使患者出现中毒性休克综合征。
科学家从病愈患者的血清中提取的抗毒素对腺鼠疫患者有显著疗效。
下列说法正确的是
A．与鼠疫杆菌合成、释放类毒素有关的细胞器有核糖体、内质网、高尔基体和线粒体
B．抗毒素是一种抗体，是效应T细胞产生的淋巴因子
C．类毒素是一种抗原，能引起人体的免疫反应
D．该免疫过程属于细胞免疫
6.如图表示病菌感染人体后，免疫细胞作出应答的部分过程。
下列有关叙述错误的是
A．同一病菌感染不同的人后所引起的患病程度可能不同
B．图中②为T细胞，④为B细胞
C．⑦与④在功能上的区别是⑦能产生抗体，④能产生淋巴因子
D．图中免疫为特异性免疫，属于人体的第三道防线
7.某种淋巴细胞能够分泌一种称为穿孔素的蛋白质。
穿孔素可将被病毒感染的细胞或肿瘤细胞的膜溶解而形成孔洞，导致该细胞解体死亡。
下列有关说法不正确的是
A．效应T细胞能识别靶细胞与细胞膜上的糖蛋白有关
B．指导穿孔素合成的基因在浆细胞中也存在
C．穿孔素是淋巴细胞分泌的一种抗体
D．淋巴细胞分泌穿孔素的过程要依赖膜的流动性
8.麻风杆菌侵入人体后，发生的免疫作用属于
a．特异性免疫b．非特异性免疫c．体液免疫d．细胞免疫
A．ac B．ad
C．bc D．bd
9.(2011·北京卷)实验一：用不带特殊病原体的小鼠进行如下特异性免疫实验，过程如图1，结果如图2。
(1)实验中，对B组小鼠的处理是作为A组小鼠的对照处理。
(2)从图2可知，Ⅱ组与Ⅳ组相比，小鼠脾脏中的活细菌数量的增长趋势相同，说明血清中的抗体不能有效抑制脾脏内的细菌繁殖。
注射来自于A组小鼠的T细胞后，在4天内Ⅰ组小鼠脾脏中的活细菌数量无明显变化，说明该组T细胞(活化T细胞)抑制细菌数量的增长。
由此推测该细菌生活在____________________。
(3)实验中，Ⅰ～Ⅳ组小鼠感染的是细菌X，感染的时间是在注射T细胞或血清的前1天。
实验二：在体外观察小鼠的T细胞和巨噬细胞(一种吞噬细胞)对细菌X的杀伤力，结果如图3。
(4)由图3可知，能有效杀伤细菌X的是活化巨噬细胞，而不是活化T细胞。
(5)有人假设，活化T细胞释放某种物质活化了巨噬细胞。
若用体外实验验证该假设，实验组应选择的实验材料包括______________(填选项前的符号)。
a．培养过活化T细胞的培养液
b．培养过巨噬细胞的培养液
c．A组小鼠的巨噬细胞
d．B组小鼠的巨噬细胞
e．培养过未活化T细胞的培养液
f．细菌X
(6)该系列实验的目的是研究小鼠抗细菌X的免疫应答。
10.世界各地爆发的甲型H1N1流感是由一种新型的甲型H1N1流感病毒引起的，该病毒含有猪流感、禽流感和人流感三种流感病毒的基因片段，其遗传物质为RNA。
甲型H1N1流感的早期症状与普通流感相似，部分患者会出现突然高热等症状。
我国已研制出甲型流感疫苗，该疫苗是采用世界卫生组织推荐的甲型H1N1流感病毒株(疫苗生产株)接种于鸡胚，经病毒培养、收获病毒液、灭活病毒、浓缩、纯化、裂解后制成；卵清蛋白过敏者等人群不适宜接种。
请阅读上述材料，分析回答下列问题。
(1)甲型流感病毒是一种新型的病毒，这种可遗传变异来源于基因重组。
该病毒基因的基本组成单位是核糖核苷酸。
(2)甲型流感疫苗属于灭活的微生物或灭活疫苗类型。
如果卵清蛋白过敏者接种该疫苗，该人体内的免疫系统有可能会把疫苗当作过敏原，从而引发过敏反应。
(3)如人的体细胞膜表面嵌有甲型流感病毒抗原—MHC复合体，则表明甲型流感病毒已侵入该细胞，则消灭该病毒首先要通过__________________。
(4)成功接种疫苗后，人感染甲型流感病毒后一般不会患病，用简单的图示表示人体免疫系统发生二次免疫作用的全过程。