2014年高考高中英语知识点详解及训练(108)：refer to、refer…to
2014届高三一轮复习英语精品资料 基础巩固(新课标专用)Book 1 Unit 3 含解析
Ⅰ。
联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)1．transport vt。
＆n．运输2．prefer vt.更喜欢→prefer to do.。
rather_than do.。
.宁愿……而不愿……3．persuade vt.说服→persuade sb. to_do/persuade sb. into doing sth。
/talk sb. into doing sth。
说服某人做某事4．be fond of 喜欢→be interested in/be crazy about sth./be in sth.对……感兴趣5．care_about关心；惦念→care for 喜欢；照料；关心；想要6．change_one’s_mind改变主意→make_up_one's_mind下决心7．give_in屈服;让步→give up放弃→give away泄密Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词) 1．disadvantage n．不利条件→advantage n．有利条件2．persuade vt.说服→persuasive adj.有说服力的3．graduate v。
＆n．毕业；毕业生→graduation n．毕业4．organize vt。
组织；成立→organization n．组织5．reliable adj.可靠的→rely vi。
依靠Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空）1．Ever_since（自从）I graduated_from(毕业) university, I've been trying to persuade(劝说）my fatherto stop smoking, but he is quite stubborn(固执的），and his attitude （态度) disappoints me.2．Among all the means of transportation(交通)，I prefer（更喜欢）thebus as it needs low fares(费用) and causes less pollution although it has some disadvantages(不便之处)．3．Once he has made_up_his_mind(下定决心)，it’s hard to persuade （说服) him to change_his_mind(改变他的主意）．He will never give_in（让步)．4．We have organized（组织）an outing to a valley(山谷）near our city.We'll gather at the school gate and cycle(骑车) to the destination.The whole journey(旅程) will cost us an hour according to the schedule(日程表)．5．We do care_about_details(关注细节) and we are determined（决定) to make sure all the information is from reliable(可靠的）sources。
2014年北京高考英语精彩试题与问题详解
2014年北京高考英语精彩试题与问题详解2014年高考英语试题以及答案第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共15 分）从每题所给的ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。
21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but22. ---Hi, let’s go skating.--- Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have filledC. am fillingD. will fill23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.A. byB. inC. forD. until24. ________carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..A. ObserveB. To observeC. ObservedD. Observing25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.A.watchB. to watchC. watchedD. watching26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..A.whoB. whichC. whenD. Where27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD.to be solved29._______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. AsB. WhenC. Even thoughD. In case30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why31.--- What time is it?--- I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ whenI arrived.A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started33.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whateverB. whenever.C. whereeverD. however34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. having recognizedD. having been recognized阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。
2014高考英语重点词汇讲解 c
2014高考英语重点词汇讲解 c特殊注意： care about表示在乎，常用于否定句;care for表示关心，喜爱，常用于肯定句。
39. carry 一般用法： carry表示搬运;carry on表示坚持;carry out表示执行。
特殊注意： carry没有方向性，可以表示随身携带。
40. case 一般用法： in case; in case of; in any case; inthis/that case特殊注意： in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟语气，即in case sb. should do的形式。
41. catch 一般用法： catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with 特殊注意： be caught表示陷入困境，如：He was caught inthe rain.42. cattle 一般用法：集合名词，动词要用复数形式。
如：Cattle are raised here. 特殊注意：一头牛可以用a head of cattle.43. chance 一般用法： by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…特殊注意：在chance后面可以用动词不定式或者of的结构作定语。
44. change 一般用法：change… for…表示把……换成……;change… into…表示把……变成……。
特殊注意：表示变化时是可数名词，表示零钱时不可数。
45. class 一般用法：集合名词，谓语动词单复数由其表示的意思决定。
特殊注意： in class表示在上课，in the class表示在班上。
46. close 一般用法：动词表示关闭;形容词表示亲密的;副词表示靠近。
特殊注意： close作副词时表示距离上的靠近，而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。
2014年高考英语词汇解析
2014年高考英语词汇解析A1.●abandon v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于2. ◎ability n. 能力；才能the ability to walk 行走的能力to the best of one’s ability 竭尽全力He completed the job to the best of his ability.3.●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的反义词：normal4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处a) be about to do sth…(when) I was about to go out when it began to rain. b) look about/around/round c) How/What about…询问情况或建议6 . above prep 在…上面above all 首先;尤其7. abroad ad.到(在)国外a) go /study /live abroad b) at home and abroad在国内外8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席absence from work/ school The decision was made in my absence.in the absence of 在缺少…条件下The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）2) 理解，掌握absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy absorb information/ knowledge be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒/嗜毒abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权12. accept vt. accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as…13.●access n.方法，通路，机会accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的14. accident n.事故，意外的事by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder. 16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现accomplishment n. 成就，成绩accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal17. according to 根据According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指责accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…19.●accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的be/ get/ become accustomed to doing20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.21. achieve vt 达到；取得achievement n 成就achieve success/victory/one’s goal;22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等）make great achievements23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.; cross a street; come/run across碰到25. act n.法令，条例vt.表演，扮演，行动,做事act as充当；扮演act out 把…表演出来26. action n. 行动take action to do sth put sth into action 把…付诸实施27. active adj. 积极的;主动的take an active part in /be active in 积极参加28.◎activity n. 活动outdoor activities 户外运动29.actual a.实际的actually adv. in (actual) fact 实际上30●adapt vi. 适应，适合，改编vt. 使适应adapt to change /the city lifeadapt oneself to the new surroundings adapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 适应31. add vt 添加，增加，补充说（that）add(…)to 添加add up 把…加在一起add up to总计为; 总数为a) His illness added to our trouble. b) He added that he would come again. c) Please add these figures up. d) These numbers add up to 100. e) He added some salt to the water.32. address n.地址vt.写地址；向…讲话（尤指演讲）address the letter to sb. 给某人寄信The letter was wrongly addressed. The president addressed the public.33.●adjust vt. 调整，调节，适应adjust your speed /the volume/ the cameraadjust to the dark/ the single life adjust yourself to the student life adjustment n.调整，调节34. admire v 钦佩.;羡慕admire sb for sth I admire John for his courage.35. admit vt （admitted ,admitted）1) 承认admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having doneHe admitted having stolen the money.2) 准许（入场，入学，入会）admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to He has been admitted to Beijing University.36.●adopt v. 收养，采用，采纳adopt a child the adopted son/ daughteradopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude37. advance vi推进，促进；前进adj. advanced 先进的/ 高级的in advance 预先，事先an advanced worker 38. advantage n. 优点，好处(可数名词) 反：disadvantagetake advantage of 利用have an advantage over 优于to sb’s advantage 对（某人）有利39. ◎advertise vt. 为…做广告1）为…做广告advertise a product / things2）登广告征求/寻找…advertise for a new sales manager40. advice n/u. advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 a piece of advice 一条建议give sb some advice on sth advise sb (not) to do; advise doing; advise that …(should)+do Our teacher advised that we should study hard.41. ●affect vt. 影响, 深深打动，使悲伤等Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.42. afford vt. 负担得起,抽得出(时间); 提供can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth I can’t afford a book/to buy the book43. afraid a. 害怕的；担心be afraid to do 因为害怕不敢做…; be afraid of doing 害怕…She was afraid to go out alone at night. She was afraid of waking him up.44. against prep 对着，反对, 靠着，迎着，衬着stand against the wall (靠墙站着) go against nature; be against sth 反对They are strongly against the plan. The pine tree were black against the morning sky.45. age n.年龄；时代vi. 变老for ages 多年; at an early age; at the age of …of the same age=of an age After his wife’s death he aged quickly.46. agree vi. 同意；应允1）agree with ①agree with sb / what you say/your opinion. ②表示一致;―(食物、天气、工作等)对…适宜‖：The weather does not agree with me. 这种天气对我不适宜。
高一英语必修四重要知识点归纳
高一英语必修四重要知识点归纳1. represent 代表，象征2. approach 接近，靠近3. defend 保护，保卫4. defend against 保卫。
以免受5. likely 可能的6. be likely to 很可能7. in general 总的来说，通常8. ease 安逸，减轻9. at ease 舒适，自由自在10. lose face 丢脸11. turn one’s back to 背对，背弃【重点句型】1. The first person to arrive was Tony Garciafrom Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼?家西亚，随后紧跟着的是来自英国的茱莉亚?史密斯。
△ 句中closely followed by。
是过去分词短语作伴随状语，一般现在分词作伴随状语的时候较多，但如果伴随的动作与所修饰的名词构成被动关系，则用过去分词。
2. Not all cultures greet each other the sameway, nor are they fortable in the same way with touching or distance betweenpeople.各种文化背景下的人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触的程度和相互间距离也并不一样。
△ 本句中not all“并不是所有的”，是部分否定，在英语中有一些用来表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词，如all, both, every, everything, entirely, pletely 等，与not 连用时，无论not 在它们前面还是后面，都构成部分否定，意为“并非所有。
都”，“并非每一。
都”。
3. These actions are not good or bad, but aresimply ways in which cultures have developed.这些行为都无所谓好坏，只不过是文化发展的不同方式而已。
2014年北京高考英语试题及答案详解
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试及答案英语（北京卷）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。
21. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.A. soB. orC. forD. but22. —Hi, let’s go skating. —Sorry, I’m busy right now. I _______ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have filledC. am fillingD. will fill23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.A. byB. inC. forD. until24. __ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab..A. ObserveB. To observeC. ObservedD. Observing25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.A.watchB. to watchC. watchedD. watching26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..A.whoB. whichC. whenD. Where27.________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD.to be solved29._______ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.A. AsB. WhenC. Even thoughD. In case30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.A. whereB. whenC. howD. why31.— What time is it? —I have no idea. But just a minute, I ______ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started33.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A. whateverB. whenever.C. whereeverD. however34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. having recognizedD. having been recognized第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2014年山西省高考英语重点词汇总结
高考题词汇总结阅读A单词：Curiosity n. specific n. celebration n.Guideline n. available adj. exhibit v.Present v. review n. announcement n.Official adj. ceremony n. challenge n.词组短语：Inform…of…inspire sb. To do sth. Be curious aboutBe selected as winning entries be included inAccuse sb. Of sth. Rob/rid sb. Of sth remind sb. Of sth.Cure sb. Of sth. warn sb. Of sth. Suspect sb. Of sth.Charge sb. Of sth. Persuade sb. Of sth. Free sb. Of sth.阅读B单词：Darken v. abundant adj. ever-lasting adj.Commercial adj. clearings n. decade n.Nest v. prohibit v. sizable adj.Confirmed adj. affectionately adv. Ruin v.Liberation n. evolution n. ignore v.词组短语：Fly over written accounts be equal toForce sb. To do sth. Contribute to under human careUnder control under discussion under presserUnder repair under construction under attackUnder guarantee under investigation under wayUnder no circumstance 绝不under consideration under the weather 身体不舒服阅读C单词：Tamer n. option n. confused adj.Accomplish v. whip n. lion n.Typical adj. conflict n. puzzled adj.Trick v. tolerant adj. supportive adj.词组短语：In reality focus on be faced withBe unsure about lose weight make progressDebate about improve one’s life take actionTake immediate action show off entertain the audience Hold on to make a decision ask for阅读D单词：Spanish n. Arabic n. reflect v.Found v. community n. note v.词组短语：Die out in an effort to do grow out ofBe content to do a wealth of remain unstudiedIn need of thanks to make efforts to do Set up be based on a starting point七选五词组短语：Develop Classic skills try out experiment with Go a long way in a meaningful way do with完形填空词组短语:As a general rule lead to be excited about Wear off put away be full ofStamp albums within a short time hand over toLook forward to the same is true of…at a timeDriver’s licenses单词:Boredom n. basement n. unfinished adj. Bath v. brush v. retirement n. Pastime n. principle n. well-organized Colorfully-printed half-filled newly-collected Obtain v.填空Fix v. outstanding adj. transformation n. Patience n. amazing adj. gradual adj. Clean up catch fire environmental cleanup It takes sb. Time or money to do paid offDrive …crazy/mad改错：With the help of since then as a result Share…with…year after year at no costIn size allow sb. To do sth.Juicy adj. tasty adj.按要求做题：Information n.__________(v.) curious adj._________(n.)Dark adj.___________(v.) abundant adj.________(近义词) Value n.__________(adj.) prohibit v.___________(近义词) Effect n._________（v.）real adj.__________(n.) Immediately adv.__________(adj.) special adj.__________(v.) Studied ___________(反义词) found v.___________(过去式)Wealth n.___________（adj.）read v._______________(反义词)Meaning n.__________(adj.) imagine v.____________(adj.)Environment n.__________(adj.) transformation n._____________(v.)Patient adj.___________(n.) actual adj.______________(adv.)Wonderful adj._________(adv.) pollute v._________(adj.)__________(n.) Convenient adj._________(n.)翻译：Pull the chestnut out of fire.Put the cart before the horse.Put your shoulder to the wheel.Reading enriches the mind.七选五具体答题步骤如下：步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。
2014高考陕西卷英语真题逐题解析
2014高考陕西卷英语真题逐题解析新东方在线2014高考落下帷幕，新东方在线高考名师团队联合西安新东方学校高考团队对陕西高考卷进行了深度评析。
以下是新东方在线联合西安新东方高中英语项目主管邓亚磊老师对2014年高考英语（陕西卷）试题进行的逐题解析，对2015年高考考生备考具有极强的指导意义。
语音题：1. o元音字母的发音，原词发音为 /əʊ/，A 选项发音为/ʌ/，B选项发音为/ɔ/，C选项发音为/əʊ/，D 选项发音为/ə/，所以答案是C2.ea元音字母组合的发音，原词发音为/iː/，A 选项发音为/eɪ/，B 选项发音为/e/，C选项发音为/ɪə/，D 选项发音为/iː/，所以答案是D3. s辅音字母的发音，原词发音为浊辅音/z/，A 选项发音为/ʒ/，B选项发音为/z/，C选项发音为/ʃ/，D 选项发音为/z/，所以答案是B4. th辅音字母组合的发音，原词发音为浊辅音，A 选项B选项C 选项发音为清辅音/θ/，D 选项发音为浊辅音/ð/，所以答案是D5. ow字母组合的发音，原词发音为/aʊ/，A 选项发音为/aʊ/，B 选项发音为/əʊ/，C选项发音为/ɔ/，D 选项发音为/əʊ/，所以答案是A单选题：11.—I got that job I wanted at the public library?--______! T hat’s good news.A. Go aheadB. CheersC. CongratulationsD. Come on解析: 情景对话题。
当表达祝贺的时候应该用C。
A,表示开始或者前行;B表示感谢或者再见;D表示鼓励。
12. It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like ____ for a swim?A. to goB. goingC. goD. having gone解析: 非谓语动词的微观语法点。
feel like doing ,答案应该选择B13. Please send us all the information______ you have about the candidate for the position.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what解析:定语从句。
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高中英语知识点大全（108）：refer to/refer…to
1、recognize vt. 辨认出；承认
Do you recognize his hand writing? 你能认出他的笔迹吗？
They recognized him to be a great leader. 他们承认他是一位伟大领袖。
He didn’t recognize that he had made a big mistake. 他不承认自己犯下了大错。
2、reduce
reduce the number of 减少……的数量；
reduce the cost/ one’s weight the price/ speed 降低成本/ 减肥/ 降价/ 减速
注意：reduce是increase的反义词。
与by连用表示“减少了多少”；与to连用则表示“减少到多少”。
[应用]完成句子
①今年吸烟人数已减少了30%
The number of smokers has been reduced _________30%.
②现在一辆自行车的成本已降低到50美元。
Now the cost of a bike has been reduced _______50 dollars.
Key:①by ②to
3、refer to/refer…to
1）refer 可用作及物动词，用于refer…to,表示“将……提交给”。
如：
refer this problem to the school. 把这个问题提交学校。
refer the matter to the United Nations. 将这件事情提交联合国。
2）refer 表示“谈到，涉及；查阅，参考，指”时是不及物动词，需用refer to结构。
如：
The book which you referred to is not in the library. 你所指的那本书不在图书馆。
His report refers to the situation in the Middle East. 他的报告谈到中东的形势。
短语：refer to the map/ one’s notes/ the dictionary 查阅地图/ 参考笔记/ 查字典注意：look up word in the dictionary 查字典
对比：refer to 指语言、内容与某人（物）有关；而point to表示用手指向某人（物）。
如：
I didn’t know whom she was referring to.我不知道她指的是谁。
She pointed to the map and explained to the students. 她指着地图给学生做出解释。
[应用]完成句子
①我在加拿大时，一位朋友经常提起白求恩大夫。
A friend of mine often ______ _______ Dr.Bethune when I was in Canada.
②两国把这件事提交给了联合国。
The two countries. _______the matter _______the United Nations.
Key:①referred,to ②referred,to。