2020北京高三英语一模七选五汇总带答案 精校版

2020西城一模Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out from the “crowd” and be different from other people by means of changing their clothing. Some examples of these “standing out” became very popular and were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of one’s self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to be worn on a person’s body. This covering is a “necessity”, which brings a lot of variety into the lives of people and makes their image more complete.The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in the life of every single person on the planet. The choice of clothing is as important as identification through the color of hair, skin and gender. As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner, every owner “nests” a certain value in it depending on his mindset or today’s mood. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a means of communication with the outside world. 47Clothes have a significant impact on the understanding of the people nearby as well as the person wearing them. For instance, a suit can make a person feel more confident and organized, which would eventually change even the gestures of the person. 48 Sometimes, fashion may play a vital role in a person’s life, especially when the person is applying for the job he wants. Fashion also creates a message that is required by a situation the person finds himself in. This can be simply proved by analyzing one’s reaction on people wearing different types of clothing. 49___ Thus, even the smallest companies make wearing a suit one of the requirements for their employees.50 Fashion, with all its symbolism and features, form an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. It is a part of the self-realization that is required for finding a place in life and has become a tool for achieving harmony with the inner world. The more diverse the society around us, the more fashion-trend will appear and surprise us.A.Fashion helps us realize our dreams.B.This was the moment when fashion appeared.C.Fashion and identity are inseparable companions.D.Clothing was designed to serve people in their daily life.E.The preference is always given to people dressed in “business style”.F.It is the way of telling people about the “state” and the “status” of its owner.G.Wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very casual one2020海淀一模Is there a link between social media and depression? Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health? Ifs complicated.1In a recent study, the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.46 Specifically, for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers, she likely had a 0.64-point higher depression score.A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social media users. The finding was that "problematic social media use" was one of the main themes f o r people whose mental health was affected by social media. You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem, or your alcohol use may become problematic. 47There's one important thing to remember about survey research because two things happen together, it's not necessarily true that one causes the other. 48 For all we know, it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.49 If you think that we shouldn't paint social media with one broad brush, you're on the right track. On the one hand, participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress. On the other hand, cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants. Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.Ifs certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying, comparing yourself to idealized images, and constantly monitoring your profile, are bad f o r your mood. It's also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages. Given the inconclusive research, it's safe to say that at least we shouldn't write off social media altogether. 50 Anyway, you cannot use it as a crutch f o r coping with other stressors and mental health problems.A.It's the same with social media.B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying sociallyconnected.G.For example, just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn'tmean social media use causes depression.2020朝阳一模What Your Nose KnowsY our sense of smell enriches your experience of the world around you. Different scents can change your mood or transport you back to a distant memory. Y our ability to smell also plays a key role in your health. 46The things we smell are actually the tiny molecules(分子) released by substances all around us. When we breathe in these molecules, they stimulate specialized sensory cells high inside the nose.47 But a given molecule can stimulate a combination of these receptors, creating a unique representation in the brain. W e perceive that representation as a smell.248 A stuffy(不通气的) nose or a harmless growth in the nose can block air and thus scents from reaching the sensory cells. Certain medications, like some blood pressure pills, can change smell, but these effects are usually temporary. Y our smell should come back once you’ve recovered or stopped the medication. But some things can cause a long-lasting loss of smell. A head injury or virus, for example, can sometimes damage the nerves related to smell. 49 According to Dr. Davangere Devanand, an expert on neurodegenerative(神经变性的) diseases and smell loss, the main reason appears to be that the functioning of the brain regions involved in smell and memory becomes damaged as we grow older.But problems with your ability to smell may be more than normal aging. They can sometimes be an early sign of serious health conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease. Devanand’s group is studying the relationships between smell dysfunction and certain disease.Researchers are also looking for ways to avoid smell loss. Some studies suggest that smell training may help you improve your ability to distinguish and identify scents. 50 But the question remains as to whether and how this might work.A. Many things can cause smell loss.B. People may have lost their ability to smell before they notice it.C. Each of these sensory cells has only one type of scent receptor.D. It may improve your brain’s ability to interpret low levels of scents.E. As people get older, many of them couldn’t identify certain kind of smell.F. If your ability to smell declines, it can affect your physical well-being and everyday safety.G. And with age, there is a decline in the ability to smell to some extent in the nose, but much more in the brain itself.2020丰台一模For serious birders who regularly observe birds in the wild, ignoring climate change isn’t possible. We have been seeing and documenting the effects of a warming climate since at least the 1950s.46 Glossy black great-tailed grackles (美洲黑羽椋鸟), for example, previously found primarily in the tropics (热带), first reached southeastern California in 1964. They are now found throughout most of the state.New research from the National Audubon Society highlights the dangers of the trend. For its new report, “Survival by Degrees,” Audubon scientists analyzed the current geographic ranges of 604 North American bird species, and modeled how those ranges would change at different levels of warming. At a global temperature rise of three degrees Celsius, they found that 389 of those species—or nearly two-thirds of those studied—would become endangered, losing much of their current habitat. 473Why does this matter to anyone who’s not a bird watcher? For one thing, birds play a crucial role in the ecology, keeping down insect populations and serving as food themselves for larger predators (食肉动物). 48 Their shifting ranges warn of increasing droughts, floods, fires, rising seas and unlivable cities.49 Audubon scientists modeled what would happen at lesser levels of warming, and the results are striking. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees would reduce the danger for three-quarters of those threatened birds. Audubon’s report “Survival by Degrees” is not a depressing forecast but rather a call to action. It stresses the need for action at every level, by individuals and governments alike, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.As a lifelong birder, I’m proud of the role my tribe has played in documenting the effects of climate change. When local conditions change, particular types of frogs or wildflowers may decrease and disappear, few will notice. 50 I hope people can pay close attention to the urgent message in this new report and work together for solutions. Birds tell us we don’t have time to wait.A. We still have time to do something about it, however.B. But they also serve as a visible symbol of broader environmental shifts.C. This would greatly benefit humans, reducing the potential suffering for people.D. But when a bird species disappears, we dedicated birders document the change.E. In recent decades, that has meant a consistent northward shift in where species are found.F. The changes will make birding exciting, with birders finding new species in unexpected places.G. Even if some could shift their range northward, they would soon start to run out of room on the map.2020延庆一模Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as4“Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isn’t easy. 46The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in5making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.2020密云一模Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing-the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu. but it's potentially more dangerous.Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉) . But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can't reproduce on their own. 46Viruses can infect every living thing-from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can eater our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 47 For example, HIV, which causes AIDS. attacks the T-cells of the immune system.But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 48 "Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult. " Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told6Scientific American, "because viruses don't leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded."49 First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者) . Second. viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. 50 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.C. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.D. There's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus.E. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.G. Bat is a flying mammal with a long lifespan, whose temperature is high, similar to a fever.2020平谷一模The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.46 But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. 47 These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people —often women and children — spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they don’ t have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties.48 And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. 49 But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste-water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.50 We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.A. Clean drinking water is fundamental.B. As individuals, what can we do to help the issue?C. The search for water becomes their main occupation.D. This important work needs to continue and to expand.E. Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F. In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G. However, there are still at least 2. 1 billion people around the world living without safe water.2020石景山一模How Smartphone Adds to Your WeightUsing a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. 467The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating.“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone.The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food—ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate—until they were satisfied.47 On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile. Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. 48“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study—carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands. He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childhood. 49A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food a ccepted.”50 A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.A. They also eat more fatty food.B. They also ate more when reading a magazine.C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain.D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day.G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.2020高三适应性考试An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49 Y ou will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? …Or what?50 However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.8A.This is a ready-made support for you.B.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D.Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.E.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these.F.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might reallymean.9西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C海淀一模：46. D 47. A 48. G 49. B 50. F朝阳一模46．F47．C48．A49．G50．D丰台一模46. E47.G48. B49. A50. D延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A密云一模：46-50 FABEC平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D10。