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第十三章Deng Xiaoping’s SpeechIn the short span of the last dozen years, the rapid development of our country has delighted the people and attracted world attention. This suffices to prove the correctness of the line, principles and policies adopted since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee. No one could change them, even if he wanted to. After all that’s been said, I can sum up our position in one sentence: we shall keep to this line and these principles and policies. Since we introduced the reform and open policy we have drawn up many rules and regulations covering all fields of endeavor. Clear-cut guideline and policies concerning economic and political affairs, science and technology, education, culture and military and foreign affaires have been worked out and expressed in precise terms. The recent Eight Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee was a success. It declared that the rural household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output should remain unchanged. Any change in that system would cause concern among the people, who would say that the Central Committee had altered its policy. In the initial stage of the rural reform, there emerged in Anhui Province the issue of the “Fool’s Sunflower Seeds”. Many people felt uncomfortable with this man who had made a 1 million yuan. They called for action to be taken against him. I said that no caution should be taken, because that would make people think we had changed our policy, and the loss would outweigh gain. There are many problems like this one, and if we do not handle them properly, our policies could easily be undermined and overall reform affected. The basic policies for urban and rural reform must be kept stable for a long time to come. Of course, as the reform progresses, some of these policies should be improved or amended as necessary. But we should keep firmly to our general direction. It doesn’t matter much whether we can come up with new ideas. What matters is that we should not change our policies and should not make people feel that we are changing them. Then, the prospects for China will be excellent.(选自《英译邓小平文选》)Chinese IntellectualsThe last twenty years had brought nearly half a million Chinese intellectuals into the Western world, especially into the United States. It was said that Shanghai’s musicians abroad could form a world class symphony orchestra. A similar story had been told in science, medicine and sports circles. Chinese intellectuals emigrated because they believed they could not bring their talent into full play in the homeland. They often felt depressed and frustrated for a variety of reasons. The situation was so grim that there was once a serious shortage of qualified personnel as they kept going abroad. It didn’t change much until the early 1990s when the efforts were made by the government to upgrade the status of the intellectuals, both social and economic.(选自《英语世界》)第十四章The Golden DeltaPositioned on the coast of the East China Sea and in the lower reaches of the mighty Changjiang River, the Changjiang Delta is one of the famous river deltas in the world. From Nanjing and Zhanjiang in the west to the shores of the East China Sea, from Tongyang Canal in the north to the Hangzhou Bay in the south, the delta covers an area of 35,267 square kilometers. The delta has an excellent geographical position: being a hub of transportation linking the coastal areas with interior hinterland of China, and possessing superb harbours situated along the global shipping route, from wich one can easily reach all the major ports of the world. It also enjoys climatic advantages. Adequate rainfall and temperate, humid climate make it ideal for agriculture, the plantation of various cash crops and the development of a diversified economy. The delta also abounds in natural resources. It was formed by the gradual merging through the ages of various sandbars and alluvions at the mouth of the Changjiang River. Set in the delta like a glistening pearl is Lake Taihu, one of China’s five largest fresh water lakes. It covers an are of over 2,400 square kilometers and has fifty smaller lakes scattered around it like stars or chessmen. All these lakes, together with the fertile land in the area make the delta quite a find in the world.The delta has undergone a marked development in economy since ancient times. During the Spring and Autumn period and the period of the Warring States (722B.C.----221 B.C.), it was on the excellent economic foundation in this region that the kingdoms of Wu and Yue developed into powerful stes. From then on, the delta has been known as a land of plenty and “the home of silk”. As early as the Tang and Song dynasties, it had already played an important role in the development of national economy. After several thousand years of intense and continuous cultivation, the economy in this area is highly developed. It is now one of our country’s important bases for production of grains, for industry and for foreign trade and a center of culture and scientific research.(选自《上海外国语大学翻译练习》)Yuyuan GardenYuyuan was originally the private garden of Pan Yunduan, the governor of Sichuan Province during the Ming Dynasty. The garden, whose construction began in 1559 and was completed in 1577, boasts a long history of more than four centuries. It covers an area of over 20,000 square meters and is divided in some thirty different scenes, connected by twisting corridors and passages. The layout of the pavilions, terraces, towers, rockeries and ponds shows much originality in affording a wide view in a small confined space. Buildings in the garden, ornamented with fine brick designs and wood carvings, are characteristic of the Southern architectural style of the Mingand Qing Dynasties. One scene is the Hall for Summoning Spring, used by the uprising army of the “Small Sword Society”in 1853 as their headquarters in the northern part of the old city. Since the 16th century, the garden has undergone many changes and suffered repeated devastation. On the eve of the liberation of old China, the garden was reduced to a desolate waste. When new China was founded, it was restored and opened to the public in 1961. Since then it has remained a place of popular resort in Shanghai.(选自《上海外国语大学翻译练习》)第二十章The Development of China’s WestSince last year, General Secretary Jiang Zemin has on many occasions mentioned China’s west, and especially referred to its development as “a big strategy” to highlight its importance. The opportunity now has arisen to implement the strategy, for Chinese economy has developed to a point where the markets for industries, particularly for traditional ones in the east coast become saturated and a new one is waiting to be found while it is increasingly imp erative for China’s west to develop.With respect to the development of China’s west, there are two major aspects to claim our attention. First, infrastructure facilities should first be built in the west which covers a vast expanse of land, but lacks a well-developed transportation system. Now it is decided that the State investment will tilt in favor of the west. The recently announced decision to press with the project of transmitting natural gas from the west to the east is a case in point. A 4200-kilometre-long natural gas pipeline will be constructed from Xinjiang (where a very rich natural gas reserve has been discovered in its Tarim Basin) to Shanghai, passing through eight provinces and municipalities. It is expected that the energy infrastructure and industrial mix along the pipeline will be significantly altered. Such a huge project requires a large amount of funds, and accordingly both domestic and international investment is encouraged to fund the project.Second, ecological environment in that part of the country should be improved. It can be said that at present China has basically solved its food problem, and is now enjoying a relative oversupply of grain. In the past the shortage of food forced us to grow grain in the land once covered with forests and woods. Now with a large food surplus, the government enables farmers to reconvert farmland to forests, grasslands and lakes by providing them grain for free. It is believed that by implementing the strategy of developing China’s west, the weste rn region will assume an entirely new look in its ecological environment and become an attractive place for foreign investment.（选自《使用翻译教程》）Seasons for Tourism in ChinaChina is a vast land with the diversity of its natural attractions and great variations in climate, which make it ideal for tourism in any season of the year. Spring and Summer are supposed to be the best times to tour cites like Beijing, Shanghai and Xi’an. If you dislike the cold of winter, you may find Kunming an attractive city to visit, for it is spared temperature extremes. Apart from its all-year-round spring weather, Kunming also delights tourists with its two fascinating scenic spots: the Stone Forest and the Dianchi Lake. From there tourists may venture to Xishuangbanna to enjoy the sub-tropic scenery, or proceed to Guilin to take a downstream excursion on the Li River to Y angshuo, for the local saying has it that “While the most beautiful scenery in China is in Guilin, the most fascinating part of a Guilin tour is in Y anghsuo”. A tour of these beautiful places will be a most rewarding experience for visitors. Harbin is particularly good for sightseeing in January and February, and therefore it is highly recommended to Hong Kong and Macao compatriots who have never seen snow before. In these two months, Harbin turns itself into a world of ice and snow, where tourists can either enjoy the ice festival or go skiing and skating by themselves.（选自《汉英翻译指导》）。