河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2016届高三上学期第一次周考理综生物试题 Word版无答案
河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2016届高三上学期第一次周考理综生物试题 Word版无答案
河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2016届高三上学期第一次周考理综生物试题一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，四个选项中只有一个最佳选项。
1．下列叙述正确的是A.培养皿中的大肠杆菌菌落属于生命系统的种群层次B.细胞学说认为由于组成细胞的化学元素在无机自然界均可找到，因而细胞学说揭示了生物界和非生物界的统一性C.各种有机分子都因物种不同而存在结构差异D.HIV、蓝藻和酵母菌共有的结构是核糖体2．下表是生物体部分有机物的检测实验，对表中有关实验的分析正确的是A.人体部分细胞在缺氧时能产生物质①，但同时不产生CO2B.物质②包括多种化合物，在各种生物细胞中的种类相同C.核糖体是结构最简单的细胞器之一，其组分不包括物质③D.物质④在小麦胚乳中含量很高，对其水解产物能采用②的检测方法3．已知一批基因型为AA与Aa的豌豆种子数之比为1：4，将这批种子种下，自然状态下，其子一代中胚的基因型为AA、Aa、aa的种子数之比为A.4:4:1B.3:2:1C.7:6:3D.2:2:14．科学家为研究激素水平与水稻穗、粒发育的关系，将水稻幼穗的分化及灌浆结实过程划分为不同阶段，并测定了水稻穗分化过程中内源激素含量的动态变化，结果如图.下列叙述错误的是A.若生长素在Ⅰ期起促进作用而Ⅱ期表现出抑制作用，说明其生理作用具有两重性B.由于脱落酸能抑制细胞的分裂，因此在Ⅲ期﹣Ⅳ期脱落酸含量逐渐降低C.Ⅲ﹣Ⅴ期生长素含量降低有利于花粉形成，此阶段生长素含量与结实率呈正相关D.赤霉素含量在Ⅴ期后急剧增加，由此推测它可能与籽粒的结实密切相关5．如图为人体某过程的变化曲线。
下列有关叙述中，正确的是A.若该图表示在温度交替变化的环境中健康人的皮肤血流量变化，则AB段感受刺激的是温觉感受器，此时血液中甲状腺激素明显增多B.若某健康人A点前从未接触过某病菌，该图A、C两点表示该病菌先后两次侵入此人体后引起的抗体浓度的变化，则AB、CD段产生抗体的浆细胞都来自两种细胞的分化C.若该图表示正常人一天内体温变化，则说明人的体温随环境温度的变化而波动D.若该图表示正常人进食后的血糖浓度变化，则AB段血液中胰岛素含量上升，肝脏在BD段起到了重要作用6．某弃耕农田植物种类40年间的变化情况如表。
高三理综(生物部分)第一次模拟考试试题(扫描版)
1-6 CBDCAD29.（10分，除特殊外每空1分）（1）水稻根细胞无氧呼吸产生酒精，酒精使幼根细胞死亡，幼根变黑、腐烂（写出“无氧呼吸”1分，“酒精使细胞死亡”1分。
共2分）（2）促进灌浆期高浓度CO2处理后净光合速率与对照组相比提高最多（2分）（3）降低 CO2浓度升高，暗反应速率加快，NADP+与ADP、Pi含量增高，光反应速率加快，O2浓度升高（写出“CO2浓度升高，暗反应速率加快”1分，“光反应速率加快”1分，“O2浓度升高”1分。
共3分）30. （9分，除特殊外每空1分）（1）相对静止状态（2）-90mV Na K（3）Na、K（2分，顺序不能颠倒）（4）较长 Ca2+通道打开时间较长（2分）31. （8分，除特殊外每空1分）（1）种群在单位面积或单位体积中的个体数（2分）取样方法随机取样（2）稳定衰退（3）夏腊梅属于灌木，在与乔木竞争阳光时处于劣势（2分）32.（12分，除特殊外每空2分）（1）一对同源染色体上 F1在减数分裂形成配子时，同源染色体非姐妹染色单体发生交叉互换，产生了不含X基因的配子(写发生基因突变不给分)（2）两条非同源染色体上 55/64（3分）（3）26/27 （3分）37.（15分，除特殊外每空2分）（1）以尿素为唯一氮源脲酶（2）小当两个或多个细菌连在一起时，平板上显示一个菌落（3分） 30-300（3）滤膜（4）固体斜面培养基38. （15分，除特殊外每空2分）（1）减少农药的使用，以减轻环境污染（或减少田间管理工作量，或降低生产成本等。
答出其中一点即可得2分）（2）可转移至受体细胞并整合到受体细胞染色体DNA分子上（3分）（3）筛选出含Bt蛋白的基因的受体细胞（4）转化（5）目的基因是否插入了受体细胞的染色体DNA分子上DNA分子杂交技术抗虫的接种实验（或将棉铃虫接种于抗虫棉上，合理即可）。
高三上学期第一次考试生物试卷 Word版含答案
高三年级第一次考试理综生物试题第I卷一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.寨卡病毒是一种RNA病毒，能引起人患病。
下列有关寨卡病毒的叙述正确的是A.具有中心体等结构B.在人体细胞内其RNA具有生物活性C.可寄生在细菌细胞内D.含有A、T、U、G、C五种碱基2.生命活动离不开细胞，人类研究细胞的脚步从未停息。
以下关于细胞的研究正确的是A.分析根尖分生区细胞的遗传物质必须提取其DNA和RNAB.用一定手段破坏造血干细胞的骨架系统可以阻断其分裂分化C.用差速离心法对破碎的叶肉细胞进行处理只能得到各种细胞器D.用乳酸菌作为实验材料可以研究生物膜系统在结构和功能上的联系3．提倡有氧运动的原因之一是避免肌肉细胞无氧呼吸产生大量乳酸。
下图为人体运动强度与血液中乳酸含量和氧气消耗速率的关系。
结合所学知识，分析下列说法正确的是A．c～d段肌肉细胞中的ATP将被大量积累B．运动强度大于c后，肌肉细胞CO2的产生量将大于O2消耗量C．运动强度大于c后，肌肉细胞CO2的产生与无氧呼吸无关D．若运动强度超过b，人体获得能量的途径只有有氧呼吸4.右图表示在适宜的光照、CO2浓度等条件下，某植物在不同温度下的净光合作用速率和呼吸作用速率曲线。
下列有关说法中错误的是A．与光合作用相比，与呼吸作用有关酶的适宜温度更高B．在40℃之前，总光合作用速率大于呼吸作用速率C．温度在30℃时总光合作用速率和净光合速率最大D．当温度大于40℃时，该植物不再进行光合作用5.下图表示真核细胞一个细胞周期中染色体的行为变化。
下列有关叙述正确的是A．b～a可以表示一个完整的细胞周期B．植物细胞中，e～a时期细胞无核基因转录的发生C．mRNA的翻译只能发生在b～c时期D．细胞中的DNA含量在b～a时期相同，细胞中染色体数目在b～c时期最多6.下列关于生物学实验的叙述，正确的是A．在电子显微镜下拍摄到的叶绿体的结构照片属于物理模型B．利用健那绿和吡罗红混合染色剂将细胞染色，可以显示DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布 C．用斐林试剂检验某组织样液，若出现砖红色沉淀则说明其中不含蔗糖D．选取经低温诱导的洋葱根尖制作临时装片，不能观察到染色体向两极移动现象第Ⅱ卷三、非选择题：包括必考题和选考题两部分。
高三生物上学期第一次周考试题-人教版高三全册生物试题
某某省某某市清城区三中高三第一学期第一次周考生物试题本卷满分100分，时间90分钟一、选择题（共30题每题2分共60分）1.下列有关化合物的描述正确的是（）A．单糖都是动植物细胞共有的糖类B．脂肪和多糖都属于生物大分子C．蛋白质和DNA是所有细胞共有的化合物D．磷脂和胆固醇均属于组成动物细胞膜的脂质2．下列关于细胞结构和功能的叙述，不正确的是（）A．根尖分生区细胞和叶肉细胞不都有细胞周期，但化学成分却在不断更新B．抑制细胞膜上载体活动或者影响线粒体功能的毒素都会阻碍根细胞吸收矿质离子C．植物细胞的胞间连丝只有信息交流的作用无物质运输的功能D．线粒体和叶绿体内的蛋白质并不是都由核基因控制合成的3．“膜流”是指细胞的各种膜结构之间的联系和转移，下列有关叙述正确的是（）A．质壁分离现象是“膜流”现象的例证B．蛋白质和RNA进出细胞核发生膜流现象C．胰岛素的分泌过程发生膜流现象D．枯草杆菌和酵母菌都能发生膜流现象4．2015年7月，《科学》杂志揭示出炎症和内质网的物质合成功能障碍有关，下列关于内质网的叙述错误的是（）A．内质网膜的基本骨架由磷脂分子和蛋白质分子共同构成B．附着在内质网上的核糖体所合成的蛋白质能分泌到细胞外C．炎症的发生可能与内质网不能合成某些物质有关D．内质网可以与细胞膜、核膜相连，提供细胞内物质运输的通道5．下列关于细胞的组成成分、结构和功能的描述，正确的是（）A．吡罗红甲基绿染色剂可进入细胞染色，体现了细胞膜的选择通过性B．真核细胞必须有叶绿体才能进行光合作用C．葡萄糖不能被线粒体直接利用是因为线粒体外膜不能识别葡萄糖D ．RNA 彻底水解可得到四种产物6.如图为测量萌发的小麦种子细胞呼吸方式的装置图，下列相关说法正确的是 （ ）A ．图示说明萌发的小麦种子细胞进行了无氧呼吸B ．图中萌发的小麦种子细胞的细胞质基质产生的H]最多C ．萌发的小麦种子细胞有氧呼吸的第二阶段产生水D.有色液滴移动的距离可代表细胞呼吸消耗氧气的量7．某同学设计的渗透装盆实验如图所示（开始时状态），烧杯中盛放有蒸馏水．图中猪膀胱膜允许单糖透过．倒置的长颈漏斗中先装人蔗糖溶液一段时问后再加入蔗糖酶（微量）．有关该实验描述正确的是（）A ． 漏斗中液面开始时先上升．加酶后即下降B ． 漏斗中液面先上升，加酶后继续上升．然后下降．最后保持内外液面基本相平C ． 漏斗中液面先上升，加酶后继续上升，然后保持一定的液面差不变D ． 加酶后在烧杯中可检侧出的有机物仅有葡萄糖8．在最适温度下，图甲是H 2O 2酶活性受PH 影响的曲线，图乙表示PH=b 时H 2O 2分解产生的O 2量随时间变化。
高三生物第一次周练题
高三生物第一次周练测试题罗平一中郑乔花班级姓名成绩一、选择题（本大题共6小题，每小题6分，共36分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。
）1．下列有关细胞结构与功能的叙述，错误的是（）A．核仁与核糖体RNA的合成有关B．细胞的衰老与细胞代谢的速率加快有关C．细胞膜功能的复杂程度与膜蛋白的种类与数量有关D．癌细胞转移与细胞膜上糖蛋白等物质的减少有关2．下列是关于细胞分裂的叙述，正确的是（）A．在一个细胞周期中，DNA的复制在间期，蛋白质的合成在分裂期B. 基因型AABb的某动物进行细胞分裂，此动物细胞内染色体数最多时细胞中含有4个A 基因C．有丝分裂中期，发生联会的同源染色体排列在赤道板上D．赤道板仅仅是细胞有丝分裂过程中出现的一种结构3．下列关于酶的叙述中全部不正确的组合是（）①绝大多数酶是在核糖体上合成的，生物体缺乏某种酶就可能出现这种酶缺乏症②胰岛B细胞一定能产生酶；酶只有在细胞内才起催化作用③生物体内的酶是由活细胞产生的，能产生酶的细胞，都能产生激素④同一种酶可存在于分化程度不同的活细胞中⑤低温能降低酶活性的原因是其破坏了酶的空间结构⑥酶通过降低化学反应的活化能来提高化学反应速度⑦酶既可以作为催化剂，也可以作为另一个化学反应的底物A．②③⑤⑥B．③④⑥⑦C．①④⑥⑦D．①③⑥⑦A．两者前期染色体组数目相同，核DNA分子数目相同，但染色体行为不同B．两者中期染色体数目相同，核DNA分子数目相同，但染色体行为不同C．两者后期染色体行为不同，染色单体数目不同，核DNA分子数目不相同D．两者后期染色体行为和染色体组数目均不同，核DNA分子数目相同6．4.下图为真核细胞内细胞呼吸的部分过程，下列有关叙述正确的是A．①、②过程进行的场所一定不同B．①、②过程一定都有A TP生成C．①、②过程一定都有[H]生成D．图示过程中没有氧气的消耗29．（6分）某生物兴趣小组的同学做了“探究玉米种子萌发的环境条件”实验：在甲、乙、丙、丁四个烧杯中分别放等量的棉花，再将相同数量的玉米种子放在上面，在不同条件下进行培养。
河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第一次考试生物试题 Word版含答案
高一上学期第一次考试生物试题一、选择题（共30小题。
60分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
）1.在生命系统各个层次中，能完整的表现出各项生命活动的最微小层次是（）A.分子层次B.细胞层次C.种群和群落层次D.个体层次2.下列有关细胞的叙述正确的是（）A.一切生物体的生命活动都是在细胞内完成的B.SARS病毒没有细胞结构,也能独立进行繁殖等生命活动C.任何细胞都具有细胞膜、细胞质和细胞核等结构D.多细胞生物依赖各种分化的细胞密切合作,共同完成复杂的生命活动3.下列有关植物体构成描述正确的是（）A.细胞→器官→系统→植物体B.组织→器官→细胞→植物体C.细胞→组织→器官→植物体D.细胞→器官→组织→植物体4.用一般光学显微镜观察生物的细胞与组织，下列叙述错误．．的是（）A．用10倍物镜观察水绵玻片时，玻片与物镜的距离为0.5 cm，若改用30倍物镜观察时，则玻片与物镜的距离应调整在1.5 cm左右B．若载玻片上有d字母，则视野下往往呈现p字母C．观察向日葵叶片气孔时，若将玻片向右移动，则视野中气孔向左移动D．视野下观察到细胞质顺时针流动，实际上细胞质流动方向完全相同5.观察右图，下列叙述不正确的是（）A．若图示组成细胞的化合物，则A中含有的元素为H、O。
B．若图示活细胞中的各种化学元素，则A应是C元素。
C．若该图是完全脱水后的细胞，则A可表示蛋白质。
D．若图示组成细胞的化学元素，则其中微量元素的总量不超过3%6.下列几种生物中，细胞结构与其他三种生物有明显区别的是（）A．草履虫 B．念珠藻 C．水绵 D．酵母菌7.已知苯丙氨酸的分子式是C9H11NO2，那么该氨基酸的R基是（）A．—C7H7N B．—C7H7 C．—C7H7O D．—C7H5NO8.下列有关DNA与RNA叙述错误的是（）A．DNA和RNA都由磷酸、五碳糖和含氮碱基组成B．DNA和RNA的基本单位都是核苷酸C．细胞核中只有DNA而无RNA，所以未被吡罗红染成红色D．DNA与RNA都能携带遗传信息9.下列有关糖类和脂质的叙述，错误的是（）A．脂质中的磷脂是构成生物膜的重要成分，所有细胞都含有磷脂B．植物细胞中的多糖主要是淀粉和纤维素，动物细胞中的多糖主要是乳糖和糖元C．固醇类物质在细胞的营养、调节和代谢中具有重要功能D．葡萄糖、核糖、脱氧核糖是动植物细胞共有的10.人体内有20多种微量元素，它们的含量很少，但是对人体的健康却起着重要的作用。
河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第二次考试生物试题
河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2014-2015学年高一上学期第二次考试生物试题注意事项：1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
2．答卷前考生务必将自己的班级、姓名、考号和考试科目用钢笔分别填在答题卷密封线内。
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一、单项选择题（共40题每小题1.5分，共60分）1.下面各种说法正确的是（）A.人的各种反射活动都需要多个细胞的参与，不可能由一个细胞独立完成，因此，细胞不可能是生命活动的基本单位B.生命系统的结构层次包括从原子、分子到生物圈的各个层次C.原核生物中既有自养生物又有异养生物D.细胞学说揭示了植物细胞与动物细胞的区别2．下列叙述中，正确的是（）A．SARS病毒不具有细胞结构，所以不具有生命特征B．一只草履虫就是一个细胞C．精子不具有细胞结构，只有形成受精卵才具有细胞的结构和功能D．细胞是一切生物的结构单位和功能单位3．下列组合，在生命系统的层次中依次属于种群、群落、和生态系统的一组是（）①一个池塘中的全部生物②一片草地上的全部昆虫③某水库中的全部鲫鱼④一根枯木及枯木上的所有生物A．①②④B．③①④ C．①②③ D．②③④4. 在生物体内含量极少，但对维持生物体正常生命活动必不可少的元素是（）A.Fe.Mn.Zn.MgB.Zn.Cu.Mn.CaC. Mg.Mn.Cu.MoD.Zn.Cu.B.Mn 5．经化学分析后断定某物质不含无机盐，则该物质可能是（）A．叶绿素B．甲状腺激素 C．胰岛素D．纤维素6．下列关于高倍显微镜的使用中，正确的 ( ) A．因为藓类的叶片大，在高倍镜下容易找到，所以可以直接使用高倍物镜观察B．在低倍镜下找到叶片细胞，即可换高倍物镜C．换高倍物镜后，必须先用粗准焦螺旋调焦，再用细准焦螺旋调到物像清晰D．为了使高倍物镜下的视野亮一些，可使用最大的光圈或凹面反光镜7.豌豆叶肉细胞中的核酸，含有的碱基种类是（）A.1种B.4种C.8种D.5种8．下列物质除哪项外，完全水解后的产物都相同（）A．肝糖元 B．淀粉 C．乳糖 D．麦芽糖9．有一条多肽链，分子式为Cx HyOpNqS，将它彻底水解后，只得到下列四种氨基酸。
河南省许昌市鄢陵县第一高级中学2016届高三上学期第二次周考英语试题 Word版含答案
高三英语第二次周考一、阅读理解：共20题每题2分共40分AReading is the key to success．Apparently every successful person develops a passion for reading．This is because reading is a key element to obtain the information required to understand something．For instance, lawyers have to study and learn every established law on their specific branches．Sometimes the law changes according to people‟s needs．A good lawyer has to be informed about the latest news in the court．A doctor has to be informed of the latest advances in medicine.Reading is very important for all mankind．Everything is relative in this world , especially reading．Reading can open many doors and it can lead you into a path of success．Studies have confirmed that reading to your unborn child is very good．This way your child will develop a passion for reading.How do you develop a passion for reading? There is only one way you can boost your passion for reading．Let me explain this to you．If you want to learn how to ride a bike, you have to get on the bike as many times as possible until you have learned．It works the same way with reading．If you want to boost your reading , take a book and read it all the way through．When you finish reading your first book , take another book and do the same．Try to read as much as you can．If you are going out , grab a magazine , a book , an article or something to read．There is a very important factor behind the reading —reading comprehension．It‟s what makes you understand the meaning behind the text．Let‟s assume that you read a document and you are supposed to explain the meaning of the document．How would you explain the document if you couldn‟t capture the message of the author?1．The first two paragraphs mainly talk about_______.A.the key to successB.the importance of readingC.what reading comprehension isD.how to develop a passion for reading2．We can define reading comprehension as________ .A.a strong passion for readingB.the latest information in readingC.a very important factor behind the readingD.something that makes people understand what they read3．The author develops the passage mainly by________.A.following the natural time orderB.presenting opinions and giving examplesparing the opinions of different peopleD.presenting a cause and analyzing its effects4．What do you suppose the following paragraph will talk about ?A.Popular reading websites.B.Famous people who love reading.C.The importance of reading at school.D.Ways to improve reading comprehension.BAs the population of the planet increases, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways. All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted. Humans demand these lights. They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets safe. The problem is that researchers are finding that all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well.Less than 10 years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attractive meteor shower (流星雨). The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic. If I did thattoday, I wouldn't be able to see the meteor shower as well. Due to the increase in street lights, I would surely be run over by a car.Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. If you've ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity. The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide.One of the saddest parts of light pollution is that most of it is unnecessary and most of the outdoor light that we use is wasted. One only needs to look at a row of street lights to see how much of the light shines upwards and lights the sky; a total waste of electricity.Additionally, somewhere electricity needs to be produced, and the production of electricity creates pollution by releasing greenhouse gases. This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life.Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife. Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light. It has been long known that tiny baby sea turtles become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea.Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect. Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contribution to light pollution.5．Which of the following is the effect of light pollution?A.Many animals species have died out.B.More traffic accidents happen every day.C.The air we breathe may be polluted.D.It is much easier for us to watch meteor showers.6．What can be inferred from the text?A.We are almost at a loss how to deal with light pollution.B.Global warming results in light pollution in some way.C.Astronauts can‟t see clearly in space nowadays.D.Some animals use natural light to direct their movements.7．What will probably be provided following the last paragraph?A.Helpful tips for surfing the Internet.B.Approaches to decreasing light pollution.C.Benefits of searching on Google.D.More bad effects of light pollution.CThe Beijing International Marathon has acquired a new name among some disappointed participants Smogathon.About 30,000 runners, many from other parts of China or abroad, awoke in the Chinese capital on Sunday to an orange sun glowing weakly through a dirty haze(雾霾). Some ran anyway. Some ran away. But no one cancelled on the advice of the organizers, the Chinese Athletic Association and the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Sports, because those organizations did not call it off. That has made participants call the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), which has approved the 26-mile, or 42-kilometer race, to set air quality standards in the future to avoid damaging the runners‟ health. Th e association could not be reached by telephone on Sunday. “Does the IAAF have guidelines?” asked Chas Pope, a British engineer who took part in the marathon on Sunday. “If they don‟t, they should consider it,” said Mr. Pope, who has lived in Beijing for 11 years and runs several long-distance races each year. “It‟s meant to be fun and good for your health,” Mr. Pope said of the marathon. “But in such air, it‟s just ridiculous to be running,” he said. He abandoned the course. “Most of my overseas friends pu lled out,” he said. “And quite a few of my Chinese friends too, but a lot didn‟t. I think they don‟t know as much about the health impact.”Images on Twitter and Chinese social media showed Chinese runners wearing a variety of face protections, from light cloth masks to World War I-style gas masks. Still many completed the race without masks. “Today‟s race should definitely have been called off or rescheduled,” said Zhang Kai, Beijing-based campaigner with Greenpeace East Asia. “What happened today to this sports even is just another reminder to the government that much remains to be done to China‟s energy and industrial structure to solve pollution,” said Mr. Zhang. “If the battle against pollution is a marathon, it is now time to catch up on speed.”In the end, the race was won by two Ethiopians: Girmay Birhanu Gebru won the men‟s race in 2 hours, 10 minutes and 42 seconds while Fatuma Sado Dergo won the women‟s in 2 hours, 30 minutes and 3 seconds, breaking Chinese women‟s advantage of the race for the las t 22 years.The favored Chinese woman runner, Gong Lihua, told China News Net that the smog didn‟t affect her too much but it interfered with many people‟s ability to sweat, affecting their performance.8．The underlined sentences “Some ran anyway. Some ran away.” mean“_______”.A.Some runners who dropped out returned to run.B.Some runners gave up after running a short distance.C.Not all runners continued to run.D.Most runners quit the race.9．Why did participants call the IAAF?A.To tell it the Beijing International Marathon was also named Smogathon.B.To appeal to it to set air quality standards in the future.C.To tell it the 42-kilometer race should be cancelled.D.To appeal to it to make some laws to prevent pollution.10．Which of the following states does Chas Pope agree to?A.A dirty haze is harmful to health.B.Running in any air is good.C.The marathon in China should be cancelled.D.Friends should learn from each other.11．Zhang Kai thinks the battle against pollution _______.A.will be the most urgent thing in ChinaB.should be got rid of immediatelyC.is connected with China‟s unreasonable energy and industrial structureD.will remind all the Chinese to reduce pollutionDWaiting anxiously to be reunited with the son he had not seen for 13 years, Phil Baker took a walk along the beach with his wife Lyn to relax himself. His boy Benji, 21, was finally back to Australia after living most of his life in the UK, half a world away from his dad.As he looked out at the ocean, wondering how his son might have changed over the years, Phil saw some people on the kayaks (小艇) in trouble on the water. Without hesitation, he dived into the sea to help. And as he carried a stricken young man trembling and semi-conscious to the shore, he realized the young man was his long-lost son. “I looked at his face, and something occurred to me,” says Phil. “Those brown eyes were very familiar.” Although Phil had seen just a few photos of his son since the boy was eight years old, he recognized him at once.It would be reasonable to suppose it was a father‟s instinct that incited Phil to help—but at the moment he dived into the water to go to the aid of the struggling group, he only thought he was helping a stranger in trouble.He said, “Two people were desperately paddling on one of the kayaks and it seemed like someone fell into the water. I told Lyn, …Something is not right; I‟m going to help.‟ ”“I took off my T-shirt and threw my keys on the sand. Diving into the water, I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying in the water. He was shaking violently. Linking arms with one instructor, I helped to carry the man out of the water. He was drifting in and out of consciousness and his hands and feet were blue.”Then Phil looked into the boy's eyes and wept as he realized the stricken stranger was his own son. Phil recalled, “I asked the instructor, …what‟s his name?' ” He replied, …Benji‟. In an instant, I knew that stranger was my boy. I ch ecked his breathing and pulse and said, “It's me, your dad. You're going to be OK.”Benji tells how it felt to be saved by his long-lost dad. “All I remember was waking up on the beach and seeing my dad there,” he says, “And I recognized his face straight away.”12．What can we know about the Bakers?A.Phil and his wife lived in Australia.B.Phil knew he was going to save his son.C.Benji was going to see off his son on the beach.D.Benji and Phil were separated because of Benji‟s education.13．In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “incited” can be replaced by “_____”.A.causedB.remindedC.forcedD.advised14．From the passage, it can be inferred that ____________.A.Phil is willing to help people in needB.Benji drowned because he could not swimC.Benji had the same brown eyes as his fatherD.the instructors told Phil that Benji was his son15．Which of the following shows the right order of the story?a. Phil and his wife waited for their son on the beach.b. Benji left his father at the age of eight.c. Phil saved a boy and recognized he was his own son.d. Benji recognized his father Phil.e. Phil saw some people were in trouble and decided to help.A.a, b, c, e, dB.b, a, e, c, dC.a, b, e, d, cD.b, e, a, d, cEYou might take a car, a bus, or a bike to school. But in Bangladesh, instead of waiting for a school bus to come down their street, many students wait for a school boat to come down the river. That‟s right—these students attend school on a boat!Bangladesh is very close to sea level. 16The flooding creates many problems. For the nearly 160 million people living there, the periodic flooding means that they are often unable to access roads, electricity, or telephones.Growing up in Bangladesh, Mohammed Rezwan was often troubled by the destruction. In 1998 he founded an organization called Shidhulai. The name means “self-reliance .” The purpose of the organization is to help the people of Bangladesh receive an education and also to bring technology and an improved quality of life to poor people in remote areas of the country. In 2002, Rezwan began transforming boats into schools. Each boat was built to house between 30 and 35 students. _ 17The only difference was that they floated on a river.18Today Rezwan and his organization operate 88 boats in northern Bangladesh. About half the boats are used as schools, and the other half are used as temporary houses during the flood season. In addition to the schools and the temporary housing, there are also a floating technology and training center, a library that allows students to check out books, and a health-care center. The school boats travel along the rivers and pick up students for classes that include computer technology, agriculture, and human rights.At night the boats provide additional learning opportunities for students and adults. 19They study using solar lamps that are charged during the day at stations near the river. Special equipment on the boats also projects lessonsonto big screens made from sailcloth. People can come down to the riverbank to watch films. In all, these boats help educate close to 90,000 families in Bangladesh.By floating down the rivers, the school boats provide more than books. 20“This …library‟ boat inspired me,” said 18-year-old student Shanto Islam, who enjoys reading science fiction books. “I started to dream.” Islam now wants to attend a university.A. The boats had everything you might find in a regular classroom.B. Parents living in the area are happy to have the boats.C. These boats have been a great success.D. Both of them can attend evening courses.E. He did not want to design houses, though.F. For this reason the land is flooded for five months of every year.G. They also deliver knowledge, opportunity, and hope to all generations.二、完形填空：共20题每题1分共20分A good friend of mine passed away in June. John had cancer. Before you offer 21, you should know that he didn‟t want to be mourned(哀悼). It‟s been a hard request to follow, but he felt he had lived a 22life. As the cancer progressed, we fell into a(n) 23of exchanging semi-regular emails. We generally 24talking about his illness until the very end, 25we talked about everything else: from baseball to snowstorms, to my garden and his art. We talked as if nothing would 26. I‟d mention a beach trip and John would tell me about surfing there when he was younger. I‟d talk about some press(新闻) 27that I would be attending and he‟d tell me about the time he went to a party 28by JPMorgan‟s descendants(后代). In this way, John gave me a(n) 29view of my world; it became layered with his stories.One of our favorite things to do was 30email the other if we happened to findan interesting movie on television. The other night, I31 a very good movie, andwithout thinking about it I 32for my laptop to send him an email, and then I 33he wasn‟t there to receive it. I put my laptop down with a small 34of uneasiness --- and found something else to watch.It‟s hard not to have a digital presence today. While John wasn‟t an active socialmedia 35,he did have at least two email addresses, a LinkedIn account, and awebsite where he shared his art. Now that he‟s36, these thing still exist, thoughunattended.I‟m sure his work email has been closed, but I hav e no idea if anyone is 37his other email address, or has the intention of contacting LinkedIn, or has 38to hiswebsite. I‟m sure at some39the registration will come to an end and his site willbe closed, but until then, John has a(n) 40online.21．A.sympathy B.assistance C.money rmation22．A.poor B.special C.full mon23．A.trap B.pattern C.arrangement D.experience24．A. avoided B.allowed C.hated D.hesitated25．A.and B.since C.so D.but26．A.exist B.change C.stop D.continue27．A.misunderstanding B.performance C.event D.problem28．A.hosted B.included C.participated D.cooperated29．A.wiser B.richer C.clearer D.easier30．A.frequently B.immediately C.directly D.properly31．A.made up B.thought of C.came across D.brought in32．A.handed B.paid C.made D.reached33．A.realized B.reminded C.analyzed D.checked34．A.thought B.sense C.piece D.matter35．municator B.supporter C.participant D.researcher36．A.finished B.departed C.gone D.disappeared37．A.collecting B.monitoring C.looking D.treating38．A.approach B.route C.method D.access39．A.point B.length C.situation D.level40A.home B.place C.address D.friend三、语法填空：共10题每题1。
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河南省鄢陵县第一高级中学2016届高三上学期第一次周考理综生物试题
一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，四个选项中只有一个最佳选项。
1．下列叙述正确的是
A.培养皿中的大肠杆菌菌落属于生命系统的种群层次
B.细胞学说认为由于组成细胞的化学元素在无机自然界均可找到，因而细胞学说揭示了生物界
和非生物界的统一性
C.各种有机分子都因物种不同而存在结构差异
D.HIV、蓝藻和酵母菌共有的结构是核糖体
2．下表是生物体部分有机物的检测实验，对表中有关实验的分析正确的是
A.人体部分细胞在缺氧时能产生物质①，但同时不产生CO2
B.物质②包括多种化合物，在各种生物细胞中的种类相同
C.核糖体是结构最简单的细胞器之一，其组分不包括物质③
D.物质④在小麦胚乳中含量很高，对其水解产物能采用②的检测方法
3．已知一批基因型为AA与Aa的豌豆种子数之比为1：4，将这批种子种下，自然状态下，其子一代中胚的基因型为AA、Aa、aa的种子数之比为
A.4:4:1
B.3:2:1
C.7:6:3
D.2:2:1
4．科学家为研究激素水平与水稻穗、粒发育的关系，将水稻幼穗的分化及灌浆结实过程划分为不同阶段，并测定了水稻穗分化过程中内源激素含量的动态变化，结果如图.下列叙述错误的是
A.若生长素在Ⅰ期起促进作用而Ⅱ期表现出抑制作用，说明其生理作用具有两重性
B.由于脱落酸能抑制细胞的分裂，因此在Ⅲ期﹣Ⅳ期脱落酸含量逐渐降低
C.Ⅲ﹣Ⅴ期生长素含量降低有利于花粉形成，此阶段生长素含量与结实率呈正相关
D.赤霉素含量在Ⅴ期后急剧增加，由此推测它可能与籽粒的结实密切相关
5．如图为人体某过程的变化曲线。
下列有关叙述中，正确的是
A.若该图表示在温度交替变化的环境中健康人的皮肤血流量变化，
则AB段感受刺激的是温觉感受器，此时血液中甲状腺激素明显增
多
B.若某健康人A点前从未接触过某病菌，该图A、C两点表示该病菌先后两次侵入此人体后引起的抗体浓度的变化，则AB、CD段产生抗体的浆细胞都来自两种细胞的分化
C.若该图表示正常人一天内体温变化，则说明人的体温随环境温度的变化而波动
D.若该图表示正常人进食后的血糖浓度变化，则AB段血液中胰岛素含量上升，肝脏在BD段起到了重要作用
6．某弃耕农田植物种类40年间的变化情况如表。
下列有关叙述正确的是
A.表中数据是在植物丰富的区域采用样方法获得的
B.该农田不同地段物种组成上的差异是群落垂直结构的体现
C.表中草本植物的丰富度最高
D.该区域中所有草本植物、所有灌木植物、所有乔木和所有生活的动物构成了该群落
29. （6分）图甲表示在密闭容器内，受光照等环境因素的影响，某植物净光合速率的变化（不考虑O2浓度变化对呼吸速率的影响）。
图乙表示该植物在不同光照强度下，单位时间内CO2释放量和O2产生总量的相对变化。
请据图回答：
（1）图甲中，t1—t3时段，随时间的延长，密闭容器内CO2浓度出现的变化趋势可能
是。
（2）图甲中，t3—t4净光合速率下降的主要原因是，暗反应减弱。
t5—t6限制净光合速率的外界因素是。
（3）图乙中光合作用强度等于呼吸作用强度时的光照强度是（填字母），可以与图甲中的（填字母）在意义上相对应。
（4）图乙中当光照强度由c→d时，与c时相比，d时叶肉细胞内C3化合物的含量将
（“不变”、“增加”、“减少”）。
30.（16分）某二倍体植物的花色由位于三对同源染色体上的三对等位基因(Aa、Bb、Dd)控制，研究发现体细胞中的d基因数多于D基因时，D基因不能表达，且A基因对B基因表达有抑制作用（如图甲），某突变体细胞基因型与其可能的染色体组成如图乙所示(其他染色体与基因均正常，A、B基因不在图示染色体上，且产生的各种配子正常存活)。
(1)根据图甲，正常情况下，黄花性状的可能基因型有：_____和_______。
(2)基因型为AAbbdd的白花植株和正常纯合黄花植株杂交，F2植株的表现型及比例为_______________，F2白花中纯合子所占的比例为______。
(3)图乙中，③的变异类型属于染色体畸变中的_______________；基因型为aaBbDdd的突变体花色为______。
(4)为了确定aaBbDdd植株属于图乙中的哪一种突变体，设计以下实验。
实验步骤：让该突变体与基因型为aaBBDD的植株杂交，观察并统计子代的表现型与比例。
结果预测：
①若子代中_______________，则其为突变体①；
②若子代中黄色:橙红色=1:5，则其为突变体②；
③若子代中________________，则其为突变体③。
31.（7分）埃博拉病毒是一种单链RNA病毒，具有极强的感染性。
人体感染后会出现恶心、呕吐、发热等症状。
如图是埃博拉病毒入侵后人体启动的体液免疫和细胞免疫的途径，据图回答下列问题。
(1)图中B、E的名称分别是________、________。
与A细胞相比，B细胞内显著增多的具膜细胞器有___________。
E与F结合体现了细胞膜的______________功能。
(2)人体感染埃博拉病毒后，体温维持在39℃，此时人体产热量和散热量的关系是_______________，其中与产热直接相关的激素有______________(写出两种)。
此外，人体还会出现心率加快的临床症状，调节此过程的中枢位于_____________上。
32.（10分）下图甲是一个草原生态系统的物质循环和能量流动示意图；图乙是该生态系统中鼠摄食后能量的流向示意图。
(图中a~e代表过程，A~C代表能量)。
请据图回答：
(1)草原群落中的碳进入无机环境的途径是(填图中字母)，图中能量进入群落的途径主要是 (填生理过程)。
其次可能有 (填生理过程)。
(2)为控制草原鼠害，对鼠的种群密度调查宜采用法；若较长一段时间多次调查所获得的数据基本不变，说明该鼠种群的年龄组成为型。
某时期调查发现，该草原鼠种群的年龄组成如图丙，该鼠种群数量增加，这将直接导致大量减少，使草原生态系统遭到严重破坏。
(3)狼能够依据鼠留下的气味去捕食，鼠同样也能够依据狼的气味或行为躲避猎捕，可见狼和兔种间数量保持相对稳定的调节属于。
(4)图乙中B的含义为；B的能量除图中所示去路外，还有一部分是。
若A 中能量为1.6×109kJ，B中能量为1.4×109kJ，某种天敌同化的能量为2.4×108kJ，则该生态系统中从鼠到其天敌的能量传递效率为__________。
39．（15分）【生物选修1】
“树橘柚者，食之则甘，嗅之则香”，每年的10月，正是柑橘大量上市的季节。
橘子全身都是宝：不仅果肉的营养价值高，药用价值较高，其皮、核、络、叶都是“地道药材”。
请回答下列问题。
(1)江南某橘子盛产地想建立一个大型的果酒、果醋加工厂，需要的发酵菌种是和________。
分离纯化这两种微生物的常用方法是：将103-107倍的稀释液分别吸取0.1mL加入到固体培养基上，用涂布器将菌液铺平。
这种接种方法称为。
(2)提取桔皮的胡萝卜素过程中，萃取加热时需安装冷凝回流装置，其目的是______________。
(3)四川某一果汁加工厂在制作橘子汁的过程中发现果汁有些浑浊，为了提高出汁率，则可加入适量的________________使果汁变得澄清。
(4) 为了保持某橘子品种的品质，可用组织培养繁殖试管苗。
培养外植体的培养基中常用的凝固剂是________________。
培养基中的生长素和细胞分裂素用量的比值____________(填“高”或“低”)时，有利于芽的分化。
对培养基彻底灭菌时，应采取的灭菌方法是________________________。
40．（15分）如图为培育转基因小鼠的部分过程示意图。
请回答下列问题：
(1)若需在短时间内获得较多的目的基因，通常采用_______技术。
若需在短时间内获得较多的转基因小鼠，可以将处于_____________的早期胚胎进行______________。
(2)图中的A细胞通常为_________细胞，将目的基因导入该细胞常用的方法是__________________。
(3)小鼠出生后可用其尾巴进行DNA检测，通过__________________方法，检测出携带目的基因的小鼠。
至于目的基因是否合成相应的蛋白质，可从转基因小鼠中提取蛋白质，并用相应的抗体进行___________杂交，若有杂交带出现，则表明小鼠体内的目的基因__________。