Traver In Britain(UK)
英国社会与文化知识点试题
chapter1Ageneralsurvey1、UK全称:Officialname---theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.----theUnitedKingdomoftheUK每个nation的capitalCapitalcity NationalEmblemEngland London roseScotland Edinburgh Thistle蓟花Wales Cardiff加的夫Daffodil水仙花NorthernIreland Belfast贝尔法斯特Shamrock三叶草2、NorthernIreland:LoughNeagh:thelargestlake inBritainwhichcoversanareaof396k㎡(内伊湖)3、Scotland:BenNevis:thehighestmountain inBritain（本尼维斯山）4、Edinburgh:1.thecapitalcityofScotland2.economiccenterofScotland3.atouristcitysecondonlytoLondoninUK(RoyalMiles&PrincesStreet)皇家英里大道&王子大街（1）Edinburghcastle(十字皇宫）:symbolofEdinburgh&situatedona moundofVol（2）Windsorcastle(温莎城堡）:largestoccupiedcastle（3）Holyroodpalace（荷里路德宫）：theofficialresidence（住处）oftheMonarch oftheUnitedKingdominScotland,locatedatthebottomoftheRoyalMileinEdinburgh,attheoppo siteendtoEdinburghCastleThestoneofdestiny命运之石Coronationstone加冕石==referredtoinEnglandReferendum苏格兰公投5、EnglandMountain-thePennines(北乃恩山脉)BackboneofthecentralNorthernEnglandLondonEast-poorWest-richimportantriverinLondon：Thames泰晤士河LondonEye：thelargestFerrisWheel摩天轮inEurope/BigBen=ElizabethTowerthelargestfour-facedchimingclockWestminsterAbbey威斯敏斯特教堂PalaceofWestminster威斯敏斯特宫HouseofParliament国会大厦BuckinghamPalace白金汉宫3、FurtherinformationNationalcurrency（本国货币）：GBP=GreatBritainPound（英镑）Nationalday：Queen’sBirthday2nd SaturdayofJunesince1952实际=April21,1926Nationalflag：UnionFlagadoptedonJan1st1801Nationalflower：roseLocation：WesternEurope6、Geography(Q:DescribethegeographicalpositionofBritain?).Location---LocatedoffthenorthwestcoastofEurope ---anislandcountrysurroundedbyfourseas.tothesouthbytheEnglishChannel,whichseparatesitfromcontinentalEurope .totheeastbytheNorthSea .tothewestbytheIrishsea.tothenorthbytheAtlanticOcean 7、Land&People.veryunevenlydistributed:90%urban10%rural.Britain multiracial societyand1in20peopleareof non-European ethnicity 8、Climate :a Favorable MaritimeClimate （海洋性气候） Q:.arainy,changeableandunpredictableweather .mild （温和的）wintersandcoolsummers.asteadyandreliable （稳定的）rainfallthroughouttheyear.asmallrangeoftemperature(4-6℃inthenorthinWinter,and12-17℃inthesouthinsummer) AndFactor 影响因素.Thesurroundingwaters Q:.south-westwinds.NorthAtlanticDrift （北大西洋漂流）9、TheBritishIsles,GreatBritain,England,theUnitedKingdomandtheBritishCommonwealth Officialname+TheBritishIsles-----GreatBritain(England,Wales,Scotland) -----NorthernIreland(alsoknownasUlster)-----TheRepublicofIreland(alsotheIrishRepublic,formerly Eire) -----Numerous smallerislandsernment1、政治体制--议会制君主立宪制ConstitutionalMonarchy 君主立宪制ParliamentaryDemocracy 议会民主制 2、Monarch 君主:QueenElizabeth Ⅱ Born:April21,1926QueensinceJune2,1952 Officiallytheheadofstate,thecountryisactuallyrun BythegovernmentandledbythePrimeMinister3、MagnaCarta(=GreatCharter)大宪章KingJohn(agreedin)1215 Q:WhatpowersdoestheQueenhave? -Shereignsbutdoesnotrule(临朝不理政)Theoretically,sheisthesourceofallgovernmentpowers: .anintegralpartofthelegislature.headoftheexecutive,legislativeandjudiciarybranches .thecommander-in-chiefofallarmedforcesoftheCrown .”supremegove rn or”oftheChurchofEnglan d4、Parliament :Legislativebody Locatedin WestminsterQ:Parliamentconsistsof theSovereign,theHouseofLords&theHouseofCommons Parliament （aFrenchwordforatalking-place) .Femalesallowedtovoteuntil1918 BritishIslesUnitedKingdomIreland RepublicNorthern OfIrelandIreland GreatBritainScotlandWalesEngland WalesEngland.Aby-electionisheldwhenaMemberofParliamentdies,retiresorresigns(递补选举)Q:MainFunctionofParliament:.tomakelaws.tocontrolandcriticizetheexecutivegovernment.tocontroltheraisingandthespendingofmoney.todebatethemajorissuesofthedayTheHouseofLords上议院ConsistsoftheLordsSpiritual(神职议员)andthelordsTemporal(世俗议员）withtheLord chancellor（大法官）asthePresidentoftheHouseTheheadoftheHouseofCommons--theSpeaker议长NextonlytothePrimeMinisterHouseofCommonsnumberofmembers6505.Executive行政Executivebody:theSovereign,PrimeMinister&CabinetNo.10DowningStreet唐宁街10号→Legislature-Parliament→HouseofLords(semi-political)→HouseofCommons(Political)Monarch(non-political)→Executive:PrimeMinister&Cabinet(Political)→Judiciary:HouseofLords(non-political)Chapter3GeneralElection&PoliticalParties1.GeneralElection(1)Theelectorate(选民，有选举权者):About99%ofthepopulation(excludingcriminals,insane(疯的）people,etc)intheUKhaverighttovote.(2)Constituencies(选区):about650(3)Thetermofaparliament:5years(4)Thepartywhichholdsa majority oftheseatsinparliamentformsagovernment,withitspartyleader asPrimeMi nster(5)InBritainthecitizensaged18orover havetherighttovote.(6)InBritainacandidatemustbeatleast21orover withthedeposit（押金）of500pounds.(7)TheUK’s First-Past-the-Post(简单多数票当选)electoralsystem.Q:Itwascoinedasananalogytohorseracing1).Thewinneroftheraceisthefirsttopassaparticularpointonthetrack.2).Allotherrunnersautomaticallyandcompletelylose.3).Itis“winner-takes-all”(赢者统吃)4).Thecandidatemustreceivethelargestnumberofvoteswins.UnitedKingdomgeneralelection,2010The ConservativeParty,ledbyDavidCameron,wonthelargestnumberofvotesandseatsbutstillfelltwentyseat sshort.Thisresultedina hungparliament（悬垂议会）wherenopartywasabletocommandamajorityintheHouseofCommons.Coalitiontalks（联合声明）beganimmediatelybetweentheConservativesandtheLiberalDemocratsandlastedforfivedays.OnTuesday11M ay,BrownannouncedhisresignationasPrimeMinister,makingtheendof13yearsofLabourgovernment.Thiswas acceptedbyQueenElizabethⅡ,whotheninvitedDavidCamerontoformagovernmentandbecomePrimeMiniste r2.PoliticalPartiesHistoryofPoliticalParties---Priortothemid-19th:TheTory(托利党)TheWhig(辉格党)---Betweenthemid19th centuryand1920s:TheTories--theConservativeParty(保守党)TheWhig--theLiberalParty(自由党)---Post1920s:TheConservativePartyTheLabourPartyQ:.relativelyrichandprivileged.thepartyofthecentral-right.opposedtogreatchangesinsociety.haveabeliefinprivateenterpriseandfreedomfromstatecontrol.maintenanceoftheexistinginstitutionsasitspolicyBigNames.WinstonChurchill:PM1940-1945&1951-1955.MargretThatcher:PM1979-1990.DavidCameron:PM2010-presentQ:.relativelypoorandunderprivileged.thepartyofcentral-left(thereformist,non-revolutionary).aimingatthenationalizationasthemeansofproductionanddistribution.fewresourcesandheavilydependentonthetradeunions.haveamajoreffectonUK’s NationalHealthServiceBigNamesTonyBlair1997-2007GordonBrown2007-2010EdwardMiliband2010-2015JeremyCorbyn2015-presentChapter4Economy Introduction:1.Factoryoftheworld2.BritishDisease---amockingtermQ:Whatis“BritishDisease”?(1)atermusedtocharacterizeBritain’s economicdecline afterthewars.(2)Britain’s slowgrowth ofproductivity,soaringinflation,and largeunemployment3.a majordeveloped capitalistcountry4.6th largesteconomyin20125.3periodsofBritain economicevolution.Steadydevelopmentinthe50sand60s;.Economicrecessioninthe70s;.Economicrecoveryinthe80s;.Bythe1880s,dominant intheworld,*onethirdof thewo rld’smanufacturedgoods*half itscoalandiron*half itscotton.By1900,overtakenby USandGermany6.ReasonsforRelativeDeclineQ:WhatcausestherelativedeclineofUKEconomy?(1).heavilyintodebtinordertofinancethewar.(2).theeraoftheBritishEmpirewasover-decolonization殖民地独立(lossesofrawmaterial&market).(3).militaryexpense(untiltheprocessofdecolonizationcompletedinthe1960s).$.lackedinvestmentinmodernequipmentandnewproducts.$.lowratesofdomesticindustrialinvestment$.highrateofoverseasinvestment$.lackofacloserelationshipbetweenindustryandbanks.Absolutedeclinea.Introductionandrelativedeclineb.ReasonsforrelativedeclineEconomyc.RecentHistoryThecurrent PrimaryIndustriesUKeconomy SecondaryIndustriesTertiaryIndustriesCasesAnalysisPositiveEffectsNegativeEffects7.Primaryindustries--EnergyProduction.5%ofnationalwealth.Coal.oilandgas:NorthSea(decline since1999).producerandexporter.offshoreoilindustry8.Secondaryindustries*manufacturing(20%ofnationalwealth)Pharmaceuticals(GlaxoSmithKline),chemicals(ICI)Aerospace航天(3rd largestintheworld)Electronicsindustry(4th largestintheworld)9.Tertiaryindustries.Serviceindustries(65ofnationalwealth).Domesticactivity:retailing,tourism.Internationalservices(10%~70%).Financialandbusinessservices10.LondonStockExchange(伦敦证券交易所)In2010,amarketcapitalization(资本总额)ofUS$2.63trillion,madeitthefourthlargeststockexchangeintheworldandthelargestin EuropeChapter5literature1.OldEnglishPeriod(449-1066)Background:TheAnglo-SaxonsfromNorthernEuropebroughttheirlanguage,thebasisofModernEnglish,asw ellasaspecific poetictradition.OldEnglishliteratureisalsocalledAnglo-SaxonLiterature.✓Beowulf《贝奥武夫》:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-Saxons北欧大陆盎人迁移英格兰的英雄史诗，杀死海怪(seamonsterGrendel)teMedieval(中世纪)EnglishLiterature(1066-14thcentury)difficultiesandcalamities(灾害),suchasfamine,plague,andwar,(darkage)theBlackDeathfolkliterature(民间文学)✓RobinHood《罗宾汉》*GeoffreyChaucer杰弗里.乔叟-thefatherofEnglishpoetry(wisdom,humor,humanity)✓TheCanterburyTales．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．《坎特伯雷故事集》(26stories) Itismadeupofaseriesofstoriestoldby pilgrims(朝圣者）toentertaineachotherontheirwaytotheChristianChurchatCanterbury3.EnglishRenaissancePeriod(15thcentury-early17th century)Staredin ItalyTheRenaissance-a Frenchword whichmeans rebirthorrevivalHumanism人文主义-theessence(本质)oftheRenaissance,thedignityofhumanbeing(人的尊严)&theimportanceofthepresentlife(珍惜当下).PeakofEnglishRenaissance:ElizabethanDrama英国文艺复兴时期的巅峰:伊丽莎白戏剧*WilliamShakespeare威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616)✓Tragedies:RomeoandJuliet,Hamlet,Othello,KingLear李尔王,Macbeth麦克白✓HistoricalPlays:RichardⅢ,RichardⅡ,HenryⅣ,HenryⅤ✓Comedies:TheTamingoftheShrew悍妇,AMidsummerNight’sDream仲夏夜之梦,TwelfthNight,TheTempest,TheMerchantofVenice威尼斯商人Sonnet十四行诗(Afourteen-linelyricpoemwithasingletheme,usuallywritteniniambicpentameter)抑扬格五步格诗*ThomasMore托马斯.莫尔(1478-1535)✓Utopia《乌托邦》*JohnMilton约翰.弥尔顿(1608-1674)✓ParadiseLost《失乐园》*FrancisBacon弗兰西斯.培根✓Essays《随笔》4.TheNeoclassicalPeriod(新古典主义时期1660-1798)*AlexanderPope亚历山大.蒲伯(1688-1744)✓AnEssayonMan人论(=ParadiseLost)*SamuelJohnson塞缪尔.约翰逊✓TheDictionaryofEnglishLanguage/London(英语辞典)9年*JonathanSwift乔纳森.斯威夫特✓Gulliver'sTravels格列夫游记*DanielDefoe丹尼尔.笛福✓RobinsonCrusoe鲁宾逊漂流记*HenryFielding亨利.菲尔丁英国小说之父✓TheHistoryofTomJones,aFounding弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事5.TheRomanticPeriod浪漫主义时期(1798-1832).twomajornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realistic)andWalterScott(romantic) *RobertBurns罗伯特.彭斯✓ARed,RedRose一朵红红的玫瑰/AuldLongSyne往昔时光*WilliamWordsworth威廉.华兹华斯(beganwith)LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集/IWanderedLonelyasaCloud✓“湖畔”派诗人:WilliamWordsworth威廉.华兹华斯SamuelTaylorColeridge塞缪尔.泰勒.柯勒律治RobertSouthey骚赛*SamuelTaylorColeridge塞缪尔.泰勒.柯勒律治TheRimeofAncientMariner古舟子咏*GeorgeGordonByron乔治.戈登.拜伦✓DonJuan唐.璜*JohnKeates约翰.济慈✓OdetotheWestWind西风颂*WilliamBlake威廉.布莱克✓SongsofInnocence天真之歌✓SongsofExperience经验之歌SirWalterScott沃尔特.斯科特爵士(endedin)✓Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》(12世纪英国”狮心王”查理)*JaneAusten简.奥斯丁upper-middle-class✓SenseandSensibility理智与情感✓PrideandPrejudice傲慢与偏见✓Emma爱玛6.TheVictorianPeriod(1837-1901)维多利亚时期*CharlesDickens查尔斯.狄更斯✓OliverTwist雾都孤儿✓ATaleofTwoCities双城记✓GreatExpectations远大前程TheBronteSisters*CharlotteBronte✓JaneEyre简爱*EmilyBronte✓WutheringHeights呼啸山庄*AnneBronte✓AgnesGrey安格尼斯.格雷*WilliamThackeray威廉.萨克雷✓VanityFair名利场*ThomasHardy托马斯.哈代✓TessoftheD’Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝*OscarWilde奥斯卡.王尔德✓TheHappyPrinceandOtherTales快乐王子故事集✓TheNightingaleandtheRose夜莺与玫瑰7.TheModernPeriod*GeorgeBernardShaw乔治.伯纳.萧✓SaintJoan圣女贞德✓Pygmalion卖花女(MyFairLady窈窕淑女)Chapter6EducationTheUKSchoolSystem:compulsory(义务)betweenagesof5and16years,totalof11years1、Co-educatedSchools:1).admit bothboysandgirls联合教育学校2).AcademicYear:dividedintothreeterms,withholidays atChristmas,Easter,andinthesummer3).followthe NationalCurriculumguide-lines setdownbygovernment2、StateSchool:totallyfundedbythe government andfree3、IndependentSchool:foundedbythefeeschargedtothe parents(publicschool公学)4、PrimaryEducation:Pre-schoolingwhichcalled NurserySchool5、SecondarySchools:1).GrammarSchools(文法中学3%)：“the11plus”examination,preparingstudentsforhighereducation.2).ComprehensiveSchools(综合中学83%):Noentranceexam,generaleducation.3).SecondaryModernSchool(现代中学7%)6、ThehighSchoolCurriculum:1)16years:GCSE Examination2)16-18years A-LevelCourse:3-4subjectsstudentschoosethesubjectstheywishtostudy.3)18years:A-LevelExaminationGCSE:GeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(中学生毕业证书)7、HigherEducation:receivefundsfromthe centralgovernment.Theamountoffundingisbasedon itssize,thenu mberofstudentsitteaches,andtheresearchitconducts8、EntranceProcedures:1).Studentscanapplytoamaximumof6universities/institutions.2).Admission--selectiononbasisof Alevelresults&aninterview9、FamousUniversities:1)TheUniversityofOxford:1.The oldestuniversity intheEnglishspeakingword.2.TeachingexistedatOxfordin1096anddevelopedrapidlyfrom1167.2)TheUniversityofCambridge:second-oldest (1281)---TwocharacteristicsofOxfordandCambridgeCollegesystem(学院制度)Tutorialsystem(导师制度)3)TheUniversityofLondon:1.Itwasfoundedin1836.(联邦制大学)2.a federation ofcolleges4)BuckinghamUniversity:theonly independent university5)OpenUniversity:UKlargestuniversityfor part-time higherChinese&BritishEducationSystemChineseHigherEducationEliteedu.VSMassedu.EnrollmentexpansionResourcesarestrainingEducationqualityissuffering IntensecompetitioninthejobmarketUnit7BritishForeignRelation1.---imperialhistory---geopoliticaltraits 地缘政治特点 2.HowForeignPolicyismade? ForeignPolicy→ThePM&Cabinet →Governmentdepartments3.Whenthesecondworldwarended,itwasstillthelargestmilitarypowerinwesternEurope.4.TheNuclearClubRussia,USA,France,Britain,Israel,China,India,Pakistan,NorthKorea 5.WhydoesBritainhaveitsnuclearnavalforce? ---Becauseit’satraditionalseapower. YearChina Age Britain Year5PrimarySchool1 1 Elementary School6 2 27 3 38 4 49 5 5 106 6 11 SecondarySchool7 7 JuniorMiddle School12 8 8 139 9 14 GCSECourseGCSEExaminations10 10 SeniorMiddleSchoo l15 11 11 16 A-LevelCourse A-LevelExaminations12 1217 136.MemberofUNSecurityCouncil联合国安理会---oneofthefivepermanentmembers(greatinfluence)---othermembers--Russia,China,theUS,France7.MemberoftheEuropeanUnionSince19738.MemberofNATO北约---NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization---asystemofcollectivedefense9.TheCommonwealthofNations英联邦国家---TheBritishcommonwealthisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.殖民地10.TheUKanditsrelationwiththeUSA.AlliedduringWWⅡ√.WorkedtogetheragainstUUSR√.The1956SuezCrisis×11.Conclusion.Britainisnolongerasuperpower,butitstillhasgreatinfluenceinmilitarypowerintheworld(navy,nuclear).Britainforeignpolicyinfluencedmainlybyitshistoryandgeopoliticaltraits..Britainsitsataveryimportantseatinmanyinternationalinstitutions,suchastheUN,theEU,NATO,Common wealth,etc.Chapter8TheBritishMedia1.Whatfunctionsdoyouthinkthemediahave?.providepeoplewithinformationaboutpoliticalandsocialissues.provideweatherreports.carryadvertising.usedforeducationalpurposes.provideaforumforpeopletoexpresstheirviews.seekadvice.givepeopleentertainment.serveforthepoliticalandeconomicsystem.workasamonitor2.Newspaper(types)(1)Thequalitypress(thebroadsheets)严肃类大版面报纸(2)Thetabloids(thegutterpress)通俗类小版面报纸3.SomequalitynewspaperinUK(1)Times《泰晤士报》oldestdailynewspaper(2)TheDailyTelegraph《每日电讯报》--工党右(3)TheGuardian《卫报》(4)TheObserver《观察家报》oldestSundaynewspaper4.SometabloidsinUK(1).TheDailyMail《每日邮报》--保守党(2)DailyMirror《每日镜报》--工党(3)TheSun《太阳报》Chapter9Sports1.Football1)FootballAssociation(FA)2)FootballHooligans流氓，恶棍Policepatrolthestreets,pubsnearthefootballgroundsareclosed,andshopslocktheirdoor.2.TennisWimbledon温布尔顿3.GolfByScottishatSt.Andrew’s圣安德鲁斯4.HorseRacingRoyalAscot英国皇家爱斯科赛马会5.Equestrianism马术Chapter10Festival1.Religionsholiday:Christmas/Easter2.Nationalholiday:Queen'sbirthday3.Regionalholiday:EnglandBonfireNight篝火之夜NorthernIreland:St.Patrick’sDay圣帕特里克节3.17Scotland:Hogmanay除夕12.31Wales:Eisteddfod诗歌音乐比赛会Chapter4.2作家作品时代作者作品OldEnglishPeriod Beowulf《贝奥武夫》LateMedieval(中世)EnglishLiterature( 1066-14thcentury)RobinHood《罗宾汉》GeoffreyChaucer杰弗里.乔叟thefatherofEnglishpoetryTheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》EnglishRenaissancePer iod(15thcentury-early 17thcentury) WilliamShakespeare莎士比亚Tragedies:RomeoandJulietHamletOthelloKingLear李尔王Macbeth麦克白HistoricalPlaysRichard3,Richard2Henry4,Henry5Comedies:TheTamingoftheShrew悍妇AMidsummerNight’sDream仲夏夜之梦TwelfthNightTheTempestTheMerchantofVenice威尼斯商人Sonnet十四行诗抑扬格五步格诗ThomasMore托马斯.莫尔(1478-1535)Utopia乌托邦JohnMilton约翰.弥尔顿(1608-1674)ParadiseLost失乐园FrancisBacon弗兰西斯.培根Essays《随笔》TheNeoclassical新古典主义Period(1660-1798) AlexanderPope亚历山大.蒲伯(1688-1744)AnEssayonMan人论，人性本恶SamuelJohnson塞缪尔.约翰逊TheDictionaryofEnglishLanguageLondonJonathanSwift乔纳森.斯威夫特Gulliver'sTravels格列夫游记DanielDefoe丹尼尔.笛福RobinsonCrusoe鲁宾逊漂流记HenryFielding亨利.菲尔丁英国小说之父TheHistoryofTomJones,aFounding弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事TheRomanticPeriod浪漫主义时期RobertBurns罗伯特.彭斯ARed,RedRose一朵红红的玫瑰AuldLongSyne往昔时光WilliamWordsworth威廉.华兹华斯LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集IWanderedLonelyasaCloudSamuelTaylorColeridgeTheRimeofAncientMariner古舟子咏GeorgeGordonByronDonJuan唐.璜JohnKeats约翰.济慈OdetoaNightingale夜莺颂PersyByssheShelley雪莱OdetotheWestWind西风颂WilliamBlake威廉.布莱克SongsofInnocence天真之歌SongofExperience经验之歌SirWalterScott斯科特爵士Ivanhoe艾凡赫JaneAusten简.奥斯丁SenseandSensibility理智与情感PrideandPrejudice傲慢与偏见Emma艾玛TheVictorianPeriod(18 37-1901) CharlesDickens查尔斯.狄更斯OliverTwist雾都孤儿ATaleofTwoCities双城记GreatExpectations远大前程CharlotteBronteJaneEyre简爱EmilyBronte WutheringHeights呼啸山庄AnneBronte AgnesGrey安格尼斯.格雷WilliamThackeray威廉.萨克雷VanityFair名利场ThomasHardy托马斯.哈代TessoftheD’Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝OscarWilde奥斯卡.王尔德TheHappyPrinceandOtherTales快乐王子故事集TheNightingaleandtheRose夜莺与玫瑰TheModernPeriod GeorgeBernardShaw萧伯纳SaintJoan圣女贞德Pygmalion卖花女(MyFairLady窈窕淑女)。
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国庆日6月11日 国 歌《天佑女王吾王》官方语言英语,货币英镑.首都伦敦,主
英国历史演变过程英语作文
英国历史演变过程英语作文The history of the United Kingdom is a tapestry wovenwith rich cultural threads and significant events. From its early beginnings as a land inhabited by various Celtic tribes, Britain has seen a multitude of transformations.The Roman conquest in the 1st century AD marked a pivotal moment, introducing new governance and infrastructure. The subsequent invasion by the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century reshaped the cultural landscape, leading to the establishment of the English language.The Norman Conquest in 1066, led by William the Conqueror, was a defining event that consolidated the English monarchy and influenced the nation's legal and social systems. The Middle Ages saw the rise of powerful monarchs and the emergence of a distinct national identity.The Renaissance period brought about a rebirth of artsand sciences, with figures like William Shakespearecontributing to the cultural renaissance. The Elizabethan era was a time of great exploration and the expansion of theBritish Empire.The Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries was a transformative period, with Britain leading the way in technological advancements and economic growth. This era also saw the rise of the working class and significant socialreforms.The 20th century was marked by two World Wars, which had profound effects on British society and its global standing. Post-war Britain experienced a period of reconstruction and the establishment of the National Health Service, reflecting a shift towards a more equitable society.Today, the United Kingdom continues to evolve, navigating its place in the European Union and the world. Its history is a testament to resilience and the ability to adapt to the changing tides of time.。
Traval in the UK
牛津、巨石阵、巴斯、莎士比亚、湖区；爱丁堡、约克、剑桥、伦敦对象：没有固定收入的大学生目的：感受英国人文气息线路：地图（行前准备：签证、订飞机票、火车票、巴士票、门票、网上订住宿）详细路线：交通，景点，美食Time: July -- AugustGZ -- London (Heathrow)(China Southern Airlines, Direct Flight, 14 hrs)Day 1 LondonJet lag: strolling around in London or enjoying street views on a sightseeing bus, getting a general idea of the city:●very clean●not many cars or people●distinctive red booths and red double-decker buses●Bicycle Rental ServiceDay 2 London -- Oxford Oxford -- LondonNorthwest to London, bout 1 hour by trainOxford is one of the most popular tourist destinations in England. There is good reason for this popularity, as the city remains relatively small, and the attractions of the University and other historic buildings are clustered within easy walking distance around the medieval core of the city.●Buy a ticket of a sightseeing bus with headphones for scenic spotsintroductions; Adult 13.5 pounds per person; the bus will start from the railway station and drive along the main streets of Oxford and back to the station; 20 bus stations in the town, you may get on or get off the bus in every station within 24 hours; 12 different languages including Chinese are available; the bus will stop for a while in every popular scenic spot when the tourists could hear the introduction of the scenic spot from the headphones ●Oxford University colleges (the oldest university in the English-speakingworld, and the world's second-oldest surviving university )✓The University is a "city university" in that it does not have a main campus;instead, colleges, departments, accommodation, and other facilities are scattered throughout the city centre.✓Christ Church (the largest of the Oxford University colleges), its dining hall is one of the shooting sites of Harry Potter●Bodleian Library, the main research library of the University of Oxford, isone of the oldest libraries in Europe, and in Britain is second in size only to the British Library with over 11 million items.●Blackwell’s Books, the largest academic bookstore in the world.●University Church of St. Mary the Virgin, It was here that the first library ofthe university was established, and legend has it that the first gatherings of Masters and students was held here as early as the 12th century.●Hertford Bridge, popularly known as the Bridge of Sighs, isa skyway joining two parts of Hertford College over New College Lane. Day 3 London -- Bath Bath -- Stratford-upon-AvonBathBath became a World Heritage Site in 1987, showing its international cultural significance. It combines a wealth of Roman remains with elegant Georgian architecture to create one of the most historically interesting of Britain towns.●The Roman Baths were originally used from about 80-400AD, but theygradually fell into disuse, and were covered up by subsequent building on the site. Then in 1775 the baths and temple complex were discovered by accident, and they have been restored to their former glory. This is withouta doubt the best Roman site in England, and well worth seeing. Visitors cansee the Baths and Museum but cannot enter the water. An audio guide is available in several languages.●The Pump Room is a set of elegant chambers built above the old Romanbaths. It was to the Pump Rooms that the upper classes flocked when they came to Bath to "take the waters".●The Bath Abbey, (Abbey Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul) isan Anglican parish church and a former Benedictine monastery.●Bath International Puppet Festival is held annually from 25th March to 2ndApril, with lively and extraordinary performances and parades of large puppets●Bath International Music Festival takes place annually over 12 days in lateMay to early June, and stage a range of events featuring orchestral and classical virtuosos, jazz, folk, roots and world musicians, with collaborations and commissioned works.●Bath Film Festival is held in late October every year.Stratford-upon-Avon●Shakespeare's Birthplace, a rambling half-timbered house on Henley Streetwhere, it is believed, Shakespeare was born and spent his childhood years.A modern visitor centre is attached to the house, and here you will finddetailed exhibits covering Shakespeare's work and his life.●King Edward School is a public (i.e. exclusive) school based around a coreof historic buildings where Shakespeare himself once attended school.●New Place, Shakespeare’s retirement home from 1610 to 1616 until hisdeath.●William Shakespeare is buried in Holy Trinity church, and visitors can viewnot only his grave, but the parish registers that recorded his birth and hisdeath.●Anne Hathaway's Cottage is a twelve-roomed farmhouse where AnneHathaway, the wife of William Shakespeare, lived as a child in the village of ShotteryDay 4 Stratford-upon-Avon -- Lake DistrictThe Lake District is a mountainous region in Cumbria, North West England. A popular holiday destination, it is famous not only for its lakes, forests and mountains , but also for its associations with the early 19th century poetry and writings of William Wordsworth and the other Lake Poets.●The Lake District National Park includes nearly all of the Lake District. It isthe largest of England's National Parks provides an exciting mix of mountain and lake scenery.✓Windermere is the largest natural lake in England. It is located in the county of Cumbria and entirely within the Lake District National Park.✓St Martin's Church stands in the centre of the town of Bowness-on-Windermere, south to Windermere. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Windermere✓Lakeside is a small settlement at the south end of Windermere. The steamers calling at Lakeside is now a steam-hauled heritage railway。
伦敦
伦敦伦敦是英国的首都、欧洲第一大城以及第一大港，也是欧洲最大的都会区之一兼世界四大世界级城市之一，与美国纽约、法国巴黎和日本东京并列。
伦敦被选为2011全球时尚之都，一举击败法国巴黎，美国纽约，景点Buckingham Palace白金汉宫这里曾经居住过英国历史上两位传奇式的人物：“爱美人不爱江山”的温莎公爵以及伊丽莎白二世。
英国的王宫。
建造在威斯敏斯特城内，是一座四层楼的正方形围院建筑，宫内有典礼厅、音乐厅、宴会厅、画廊等六百余个房间。
在宫前广场有胜利女神像站在高高的大理石台上，金光闪闪。
正面的大门富丽堂皇，外栅栏的金色装饰威严庄重，厚重铁门的浮雕营造出与宫殿十分和谐的氛围。
围墙里面，可以看到那些著名的近卫军士兵纹丝不动地伫立着。
周围占地广阔的御花园，为典型的英式风格园林Big Ben大本钟|伦敦的地标式建筑，关于英国的明信片或是风光照上，几乎都少不了它。
它还有个可爱的昵称——“大笨钟”。
中国人给大本钟起了一个可爱的外号叫做“大笨钟”。
大本钟代表了英国古典文化，是伦敦的标志，也是英国人的骄傲。
在以伦敦为背景的电影中，几乎无一例外会出现大本钟的身影。
大本钟位于伦敦西敏寺北端议会大厦98米高的钟塔内，建于1859年。
安装在西敏寺桥北议会大厦东侧高95米的钟楼上，钟楼四面的圆形钟盘，直径为6.7米，是伦敦的传统地标。
每当议会召开会议的时候，大钟上方的灯就会点亮。
一到夜晚，大钟在灯光的照耀下，静静地浮在夜空中，从对岸观望更觉壮观。
大英博物馆British Museum|馆内收藏有大量考古文物，体验时空之旅，阅读人类文明的辉煌过往大英博物馆（British Museum），又名不列颠博物馆，位于英国伦敦新牛津大街北面的大罗素广场，成立于1753年，1759年1月15日起正式对公众开放，是世界上历史最悠久、规模最宏伟的综合性博物馆，也是世界上规模最大、最著名的博物馆之一。
博物馆收藏了世界各地的许多文物和图书珍品，藏品之丰富、种类之繁多，为全世界博物馆所罕见。
英国发展史英文
英国发展史英文如下：Britain has a long history of development, which can be traced back to the Palaeolithic Age. After the emergence of Neolithic culture, Britain gradually formed its own unique civilization. However, due to the influence of the Romans and other factors, the native British civilization was gradually replaced by the Roman civilization.After the Roman withdrawal from Britain, the Anglo-Saxons began to migrate to Britain and gradually formed their own culture. At this time, there were many tribes in Britain, which led to many bloody struggles and battles. After the Saxons and other invaders were assimilated, Britain gradually formed a unified Anglo-Saxon civilization.With the rise of the Christian religion in Britain, it became a Christian country. The Viking invasion in the ninth century brought some changes to Britain, but it was not very significant. After the Norman Conquest in 1066, Britain underwent a series of changes, which was influenced by the Norman culture and formed its own unique Norman civilization.During the Middle Ages, Britain's economy was mainly based on agriculture and trade. The industrial revolution in the 18th century was the turning point for Britain's development. It changed Britain from an agricultural country to an industrial power. After the industrial revolution, Britain became the world's first superpower and played a leading role in international affairs.In modern times, Britain's economy and politics have undergone many changes. Although it has lost its superpower status, Britain still has a significant influence in international affairs. Its culture, education and science and technology are also well-known around the world.In short, Britain's history is a long and complex process of development, which has undergone many changes and transformations. It has gradually formed its own unique culture, economy, politics and other aspects of modern society, becoming an influential country in the world.。
英德客源国概况
2.12
1.09 15.11
5.36
3.29 137.87
8.73
3.50 44.42
国别
合计
年龄 14≤ 15-24 25-44
53.23 273.11
性别 45-64
213.62
65≥
28.14
男
351.5
女
240.66
欧洲 小计 英国
592.16
24.05
61.84
2.65
4.18
24.34
25.96
4.70
43.19
18.64
德国
65.96
2.36
4.20
28.11
27.69
3.60
48.60
17.36
Great Britian 英国
Great Britian 英国
England 英格兰 首府：伦敦 London
Great Britian 英国
Greas on the Pentland Skerries, Orkney
Great Britian 英国
Wales 威尔士
首府：Cardiff 加迪夫
North Ireland 北爱尔兰 首府： Ards 阿兹
Thank You!
合计 （万人） 同比 增长 （%）
-2.23
入境方式 船舶
479.28
飞机
2142.12
火车
135.72
汽车
2984.43
徒步
7498.99
合计 英国
德国 欧洲 小计
13240.53
61.84
65.96 592.16
3.80
3.55 0.18
英国旅游 英语作文
英国旅游英语作文Title: Exploring Britain: A Journey through History, Culture, and Natural Beauty。
As one ventures into the land of kings and queens, knights and castles, and tea and scones, they embark on a journey through the vibrant tapestry of British culture and history. From the bustling streets of London to the serene landscapes of the countryside, a trip to Britain offers a kaleidoscope of experiences that leave an indelible mark on the traveler's soul.Upon arriving in Britain, one is immediately captivated by the grandeur of its iconic landmarks. The majestic Big Ben standing tall beside the River Thames, the imposing Tower of London steeped in centuries of history, and the magnificent Buckingham Palace, home to the British monarchy, all beckon visitors to delve into the rich heritage of this island nation.For those with a penchant for history, Britain is a treasure trove of ancient wonders. The mystical stonecircle of Stonehenge, shrouded in mystery and intrigue, invites contemplation of its enigmatic origins. Meanwhile, the Roman Baths in the city of Bath offer a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle of the ancient Romans, with its well-preserved ruins and thermal springs still drawing visitors from around the world.No exploration of Britain would be complete without a foray into its literary legacy. From the hallowed halls of Oxford University, where literary giants like J.R.R. Tolkien and C.S. Lewis once roamed, to the quaint village of Stratford-upon-Avon, birthplace of the immortal Bard, William Shakespeare, literature buffs are sure to find inspiration at every turn.Yet, Britain's allure extends beyond its urban landscapes, reaching into the heart of its breathtaking countryside. The rolling hills of the Cotswolds, adorned with picturesque villages straight out of a postcard, offer a tranquil retreat from the hustle and bustle of city life.Meanwhile, the rugged beauty of the Scottish Highlands, with its mist-shrouded mountains and shimmering lochs, evokes a sense of wild, untamed majesty.Of course, no visit to Britain would be complete without indulging in its culinary delights. From the hearty comforts of a traditional English breakfast, complete with bacon, eggs, and baked beans, to the delicate flavors of afternoon tea, served with freshly baked scones and clotted cream, Britain's gastronomic offerings are sure totantalize the taste buds.In conclusion, a journey through Britain is a voyage of discovery, where the past meets the present, and tradition mingles with modernity. From its historic landmarks to its stunning natural landscapes, from its literary legacy toits culinary delights, Britain offers a wealth of experiences that promise to leave a lasting impression on all who visit. So pack your bags, and embark on an adventure that will stay with you long after you bid farewell to this enchanting island nation.。
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• It is a fantastic combination of the new and the old • It has been an influential city for two millennia, and its history goes back to its founding by the Romans. • It has held the 1908, 1948 Summer Olympics and will hold the 2012 Summer Olympics.
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• The Old Town and New districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city.
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The British Library
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Manchester
• The second city of the United Kindom • The best place in the UK to locate a business
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The Three Graces
• a set of three historical buildings on the waterfront in the UNESCO World Heritage site of Pier HeadPier Head • The Royal Liver Building • The Cunard Building • The Port of Liverpool Building
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Peterhouse
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King’s College Chapel 国王学院
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The Bridge of Sighs
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The River Cam
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Albert Dock
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Cambridge
• It is a university town. • According to the 2001 United Kingdom census, the city's population was 108,863 (including 22,153 students). • 1209: founding of Cambridge • Peterhouse: the oldest college that still exists, founded in 1284
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Edinburgh Castle
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Old Town
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New Town
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The Buckingham Palace
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The Tower of London
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Parliament House(Westminster)
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Tower Bridge
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Manchester Cathedral
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Beetham Tower
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Liverpool
• A significant port city • By the 18th century, trade from the West Indies, Ireland and mainland Europe coupled with close links with the Atlantic slave trade furthered the economic expansion of Liverpool. • By the early 19th century, 40% of the world's trade passed through Liverpool's docks, contributing to Liverpool's rise as a major city. • It is rated as England’s finest Victorian city
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Edinburgh
• Capital of Scotland, the seat of the Scottish Parliament • Athens of the North, one of the major centers of Enlightenment, led by the Edinburgh University