高考语法专题：定语从句
高考语法专题：定语从句考纲新研读考查的重点是介词+关系代词which，whom引导的定语从句；非限制性定语从句也时有考查。
1.限制性定语从句句子作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰部分叫先行词。
(1)关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose,在句子中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
that,指人或物：who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?the finger (that) i put into my mouth was not the one(that) ihad dipped into the cup.which,指物：a chemical’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.(作主语)the film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语)who, whom, whose,指人，分别做主语、宾语和定语：the man who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster. who’s the man (whom) you just talked to?this is the room whose window faces south.介词后指人用whom,指物用which。
介词可提前，也可在后；在后时可用who, that，也可省略：this is the room in which we lived last year.= this is the room(which/that) we lived in last year.who’s the man with whom you just shook hands?= who’s the man (who/whom/that) you just shook hands with?但是固定搭配,介词不能提前：is this the book which she was looking for?(2)关系副词：when, where, why,在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
when,指时间：i still remember the day when (on which) i first came to beijing.比较：i still remember the day that i spent in beijing.where,指地点：this is the house where (in which) i lived two years ago.比较：this is the house that i bought two years ago.why,指原因：在“reason”后：the reason why he was late is that the car broke down on the way.比较：the reason that he gave us is not reasonable.共6页，当前第1页123456(3)the same...as; such...as引导的定语从句：this is the same pen as i lost yesterday.you should pay more attention to such mistakes as you made last time.this is such an interesting book as everyone likes to read.(4)定语从句典例：li hua is one of the boys who are never late for school.(who指boys)李华是从不迟到的男孩之一。
li hua is the only one of the boys who is never late for school.(who指one)李华是男孩中唯一从不迟到的。
is this new teaching building the one you visited last night?(变为陈述句后，is移到building之后。
)is this the new teaching building you visited last night?(变为陈述句后，is移到this之后。
)who is the man that is talking with our teacher?(为避免重复，用that不用who)(5)定语从句应注意的几点：a. that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句的区别：the fact that we talked about is very important.(that引导的是定语从句，that作宾语，可省略。
)the fact that the chinese invented the compass is known toall.(that引导的是同位语从句，that不作成分，不能省略，句子介绍的是fact的具体内容。
)b.用that不用which：两者都可表物，大部分情况可通用，但下列情况例外：先行词为all, few, much, little, nothing, everything, anything等：all that must be done has been done.there is little that i can do for you.先行词被all, few, little, any, the very, the only, first，second,last或形容词的最高级修饰时：that’s the only thing that we can do now.this is the best novel that i have ever read.先行词既有人也有物时：my father and his teacher talked of things and persons (that)共6页，当前第2页123456they remembered in the school.c.用which不用that：指物，在介词后或引导非限制性定语从句：i’ll never forget the day on which i joined the army.that was the way (in which) she looked after us.football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.2.非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，而非限制性定语从句只是附加说明，如果去掉，主句意思仍然清楚。
非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开，由which, who, whom, whose, where, when、等引导：his brother, who is a pla man, wrote to him.(只有一个哥哥)his brother who is a pla man wrote to him.(不只一个哥哥) football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.we’ll put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy.he took out a piece of paper, on which were written some words.they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.比较：“他有两个女儿,其中一个是护士。
”he has two daughters, one of whom works as a nurse.(非限制性定语从句)he has two daughters, and one of them works as a nurse.(并列句)另外，as和which引导非限制性定语从句，可代替整个句子，as指熟知的内容，引导的句子可在句首、句中和句尾；而which指没想到的事情或客观事实，且只能在句尾。
比较：as is known to all, taiwan belongs to china.the earth, as we know, goes around the sun.he is against the idea, as can be expected.he has to work on sundays, which he doesn’t like.she remarried, as we had expected.3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句(1)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰物时用which不用that, 修饰人时用whom不用who。
例如：this is the room in which we lived last year.who’s the comrade with whom you just shook hands?(2)注意:固定搭配,介词不能提前。
例如：is this the book which she was looking for?(3)既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。
例如：共6页，当前第3页123456behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his image.life is a piece of white paper, on which everyone can put oneor two of their own words down.they arrived at an old church, in front of which stood a bigcrowd of people.also present were two of his colleagues, one of whom was injured.高考新剖析1. a person__________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.［XX年高考天津卷］a. whob. whomc. whosed. whoever2. my friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him. ［XX年高考全国卷ⅱ］a. whichb. thatc. whered. itca3. we went through a period _________communications were very difficult in the rural areas.［XX年高考上海卷］a. whichb. whosec. in whichd. with which4. what surprised me was not what he said but__________ he said it.a. the wayb. in the way thatc. in the wayd. the way which5. anyway, that evening, __________ i’ll tell you more about later,i ended up staying at rachel’s place.a. whenb. wherec. whatd. which6. george orwell, __________was eric arthur, wrote manypolitical novels and essays.a. the real nameb. what his real namec. his real named. whose real namecadd7. —why does she always ask you for help?—there is no one else__________ , is there?a. who to turn tob. she can turn toc. for whom to turnd. for her to turn8. she was educated at beijing university, __________she went onto have her advanced study abroad. 共6页，当前第4页123456a. after thatb. from thatc. from whichd. after which9. his movie won several awards at the film festival, __________was beyond his wildest dream.a. whichb. thatc. whered. it10. he was educated at the local high school, __________ he wenton to beijing university.a. after whichb. after thatc. in whichd. in thatbdaa精题新探究•__________ is often the case with children, amy wascompletely better by the time the doctor arrived.a. thatb. whichc. asd. it2. this is one of the most exciting football games__________ i have everseen.a. whereb. thatc. whatd. which3. the course normally attracts 20 students per year, __________ up to half will be from overseas.a. in whichb. for whichc. with whichd. of whom4. children, in my opinion, __________creative ability is unthinkably rich, is seldom taken notice of by us, __________ should be trained in that area.a. which; thatb. whose; whichc. which; whichd. whose; thatcbdb5. at last, the thief had to hand in everything__________ he hadstolen to the police.a. whichb. whatc. whateverd. that6. __________ is known to the world, china’s liu xiang became the first asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the olympic games.a. thatb. whichc. asd. it7. i don’t know the reason__________ you were absent from the meeting, but i am not sure that someone will tell me the reason __________ you haven’t told me.共6页，当前第5页123456 a. why; that b. that; whyc. because; whyd. of which; that8. when she came back from abroad, lucy told us about thecities and the people__________ she had visited.a. thatb. whoc. whered. whichdcaa9. because of the traffic jam__________ i was caught, i was late for the meeting.a. by whichb. in whichc. thatd. where10. in my hometown, there is a mysterious dark hole, __________ depth has never been measured.a. thatb. wherec. whichd. whose11. on the whole, the time __________the students devote to the game in the internet cafes without doubt has a great effect on the study in the school.a. in whichb. on whichc. whend. that12. can you think of some cases _________students obviously know the problems but can’t work them out?a. asb. wherec. whyd. whichbddb13. alice stood in front of the window, __________ she could watchher classmates playing football.a. from thereb. wherec. from whered. there14. she kept telling her father to pay attention to his own health, __________ ,in fact, didn’t help at all.a. whichb. hec. itd. while15. jackie robinson williams hoped to become as famous as the player __________he was named.a. after whomb. whichc. as whod. thatcaa。
高考英语 14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法
高考14种从句用法总复习之定语从句用法定语从句一、定语从句用法讲解用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般跟在先行之后。
用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词。
关系代词有who, whom, whose(指人)；that, which(指物),用来代替先行词。
that也可以指人,which 不能指人。
who, whom, which, that 在定语从句中作主语或者宾语；whose在定语从句中作定语。
例如：This is the boy who is good at English.This the boy (whom) Mr. Cheng teaches every day.This is the boy whose father is an English teacher.This is the desk whose leg is broken.= This is the desk the leg of which is broken.= This is the desk of which the leg is broken.This is the book that/which was bought by Tom yesterday.This is the book (that /which) he bought yesterday.This is the book whose cover is gone.注意：关系代词在定语从句中作宾语可以省略。
用来引导定语从句的副词（when, where, why）叫关系副词。
when, where, why代替前面的表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。
关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
例如：I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.This is the school where Mr. Cheng works.This is the reason why Li Ping is often late for class.二、定语从句用法定语从句是中学阶段的语法重点，也是历年高考的热点。
语法专题一：定语从句
语法专题一：定语从句1. 定语从句的几个基本概念：1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常位于定从的前面。
2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。
3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。
作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。
作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略；指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。
注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。
作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。
作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。
4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦可用介词+which替代。
所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。
5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。
(1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。
(2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。
(3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。
(4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。
注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。
2. 一些特殊用法：1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况：(1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, theonly, the very等修饰时；(2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时；(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时；(4) 先行词既有人又有物时；(5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。
高考英语语法专题：定语从句
高考英语语法专题：定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时能够省略）who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，能够用and this来代替，意为“这个点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing ,something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just ,very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是级或被形容词级修饰时。
高考英语定语从句用法归纳及注意事项大全
高考英语定语从句用法及注意事项一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）who指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词2、as的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as注意：thesame…as表示同一类，不同一个thesame…that表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用andthis来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above, asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theo ne等不定代词时。
2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时。
3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时。
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题定语从句确实是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，同时作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词（一）定语从句一样由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于主句先行词之后，定语从句之首，，起着连接先行词和定语从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
先行词：定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
关系代词that 人/物主语宾语Which 物主语宾语Whom 人宾语Who 人主语宾语Whose 人/物定语As 人/物主语宾语先行词在定语从句中作的语法成分关系副词when 时刻名词状语Where 地点名词状语Why 缘故reason 状语关系副词when（指时刻，在定语从句中作时刻状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指缘故，在定语从句中作缘故状语）。
who, whom, whose, which, that, as的使用先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who/that,同时不能省略She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语，用whom/who/that,能够省略That is the girl whom/who/that I teach. 那个确实是我教的女孩。
先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，用which/that,同时不能省略The work that/which has just been finished is very important. 刚刚完成的那份工作专门重要。
先行词指物，在定语从句中作宾语，用which/that,能够省略This is the book which/that I want to read. 这确实是我想读的一本书。
高考高中英语核心语法详解 定语从句
高考高中英语核心语法详解定语从句关系从句//定语从句一、基础知识1. 由来：两个句子之间要有一个重复元素产生关联。
重复点上改写为关系词，由此产生关系从句。
这个重复点在主要从句中称为先行词（antecedent）。
在关系从句中称为关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
结构一般比较固定：先行词+关系词+从句例：The boss lives opposite my house. 那位老板住在我家对面。
He is very rich. 他很富有。
说明：the boss 和he 为重复点；下面保留boss，把he改写为who，组成一句话：The boss who lives opposite my house is very rich. 住在我家对面的那位老板很富有。
boss称为为先行词；who为关系引导词；who引导的句子称为关系从句或定语从句。
2.内涵:忌重复原则决定，目的让句子更紧凑；尾重原则，决定重点信息后置。
3.先行词：被关系从句所修饰的词The tall man who is standing over there is my uncle. 正站在那儿的高个子男士是我叔叔。
man为先行词。
4. 关系词：让两个句子产生关联；具有双重角色；（1）角色一：代替前面的先行词；（2）角色二：起到连接作用，并在其引导的句子中承担相应语法成分；例：This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的那本书。
that代替前面的先行词book; that同时是其引导句子中bought的宾语。
5. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区分口诀: 有无逗号；限定不限定；展开不展开；a. 限制性: 从句紧跟先行词，两者之间无逗号，并且句意特别指定先行词，并不展开。
b.非限制性：先行词与从句中间用逗号隔开;句意非特指不限定，从句继续展开。
例：限制性There is a tribe of busy little people who live in the Frozen Zone.一个忙碌的小人部落住在冰冻区。
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导，关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外，还作从句的句子成分。
1.限制性定语从句Who的先行词是人，作定语从句的主语：This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.Whom的先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语：This is the man whom I talked about the other day.Which 的先行词是物，作从句的主语和宾语Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.This is the book which I like best.上述例句都可改用that.Whose是个关系形容词，在从句中作定语。
A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
He will never forget the day when the accident took place.This was the room where we studied.Do you know the reason why he was late?2.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词（许多是专有名词），也可以是整个主句，它对先行词不加限定，只起附加说明作用，如果没有，也不影响句意和语法结构。
非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.She was late again, which was annoying.区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。
高考重难点语法-定语从句的经典归纳
定语从句1.定语从句基本概念定语从句：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
2.定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose），as 等。
关系副词包括where，when，why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
7.注意事项：2. 定语从句中的主谓一致①定语从句中的谓语动词由先行词决定。
例如：I, who am your good friend, will try my best to help you.②当“one of +复数名词”后接定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词和复数名词一致，用复数；而“the only one of +复数名词”后接定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词和the only one一致，用单数。
例如：Susan is one of the students who have won the prize three times.Susan is the only one of the students who has won the prize three times.3. 定语从句中的插入语现象定语从句中的关系词后面有时会加入一些句子作插入语，如I think, I believe, I expect, I guess, I am sure等。
解题时，去掉插入语，会使句子简单化。
例如：Mr Lee made another discovery, which (I think) is very important.4. 通常只用that，不用which, who或whom的情况：①当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, few, much, none等不定代词时。
高考英语语法专题- 定语从句
14.（09宁德质检） To the woman teacher’s disappointment, the student___ she thought highly failed the final exam. A. of whom B. of which C. for whom D. for which 答案：A
5.（福建卷）By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,_____appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. Of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 答案：D 7.(陕西卷）The man pulled out a gold watch,_____ were made of small diamonds. A.the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 答案： D 10.(江苏卷）The Science Museum,____ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. A. Which B. what C. that D. where 答案:A
28.（09岳阳信息） We hope that the measures to control the stock market,_____ are taken by the government, will work. A. that B. where C. which D.what 答案：C
高考英语复习定语从句
语法复习四：定语从句（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。
（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。
1）用that而不用which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, …；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only, very, any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。