(江苏专版)2017高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题3阅读理解类型4人物介绍讲练

类型4| 人物介绍考查要点方法技巧1.人物最显著的性格、品德特征。

2．人物的重大、有影响的经历。

3．人物最杰出的功绩、贡献、成就。

4．人物成长的时代背景。

1.把握事件发生的时间、空间及顺序。

2．理清事情发生的背景、起因、过程及结果。

3．感悟人物的情感和心理活动。

(2016·全国乙卷·A)You probably know who Marie Curie was，but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below，who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860－1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931，Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (1907－1964)If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O'Connor (1930－present)When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S.Supreme Court.O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (1913－2005)On December 1，1955，in Montgomery，Alabama，Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil－rights movement.“The only tired I was，was tired of giving in，” saidParks.21．What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A．Her social work. B．Her teaching skills.C．Her efforts to win a prize. D．Her community background.22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?A．Her lack of proper training in law.B．Her little work experience in court.C．The discrimination against women.D．The poor financial conditions.23．Who made a great contribution to the civil－rights movement in the U．S.?A．Jane Addams. B．Rachel Carson.C．Sandra Day O'Connor. D．Rosa Parks.24．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A．They are highly educated. B．They are truly creative.C．They are pioneers. D．They are peace－lovers.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了100年以来历史上四位在不同领域做出杰出贡献的女性先驱。

长难句解读：If it weren't for Rachel Carson，the environmental movement might not exist today.分析：本句为含有条件状语从句的复合句，使用了虚拟语气。

翻译：如果不是Rachel Carson的话，今天的环保活动就可能不会存在。

21．A[细节理解题。

根据Jane Addams下的第一句话“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何一个受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)”可知，在历史上，Jane Addams以她的社会工作而出名，故选A 项。

]22．C[细节理解题。

根据Sandra Day O'Connor下的第一句中“she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman”可知，她没能在法律事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，这与C项“对于女性的歧视”相符，故选C项。

]23．D[细节理解题。

根据Rosa Parks下的“...it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year，and kicked off the civil－rights movement.”可知，它导致了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动，这场运动持续了一年多，开始了民权运动，故选D 项。

]24．C[推理判断题。

通读全文可知文中提到的这几位女性都是不同领域的先驱，都在各自领域中做出了巨大贡献，故选C项。

]A(2016·泰州第一学期期末考试)Ernest Hemingway was not only a commanding figure in 20th－century literature，but was also a_pack_rat．He saved even his old passports and used bullfight tickets，leaving behind one of the longest paper trails of any author.“Ernest Hemingway: Between Two Wars”，which opens on Friday at the Morgan Library & Museum，is the first major museum exhibition devoted to Hemingway and his work.The largest and most interesting section focuses on the 20's，Hemingway's Paris years，and reveals a writer we might have been in danger of forgetting：Hemingway_before_he_became_Hemingway．The exhibition does not fail to include pictures of the bearded，manly，Hem. He's shown posing with some kudu he has just shot in Africa and on the bridge of his beloved fishing boat，the Pilar，with Carlos Gutiérrez，the fisherman who became the model for “The Old Man and the Sea”．But the first photo the viewer sees is a big blowup of a handsome，clean－shaven，19－year－old standing on crutches.This is from the summer of 1918，when Hemingway was recovering from wounds at the Red Cross hospital in Milan and trying to turn his wartime experiences into fiction.The evidence at this exhibition suggests that，in the early days，he often wrote in pencil，mostly in cheap notebooks but sometimes on whatever paper came to hand.The first draft of the short story “Soldier's Home” was written on sheets he appeared to have snatched from a telegraph office.The impression you get is of a young writer seized by inspiration and sometimes barreling ahead without an entirely clear sense of where he is going.F．Scott Fitzgerald ( some of whose letters with Hemingway is also on view) famously urged him to cut the first two chapters of “The Sun Also Rises”，complaining about the “elephantine fa cetiousness” of the beginning，and Hemingway obliged，getting rid of a clunky opening that now seems almost “meta”．In 1929，in a nine－page penciled critique，Fitzgerald also suggested numerous revisions for “A Farewell to Arms”. Hemingway took some of these，but less graciously，and soon afterward his friendship with Fitzgerald came to an end.The papers at the Morgan show a Hemingway who is not always sure of himself.There are running lists of stories he kept fiddling with，and there are lists and listsof possible titles，including the 45 he considered for “Farewell” and 47 different endings for the novel.In display case after display case，you see Hemingway during his Paris years inventing and reinventing himself，discovering as he goes along just what kind of writer he wants to be.In a moving 1925 letter to his parents，who refused to read “In Our Time”，his second story collection，he writes: “You see I'm trying in all my stories to get the feeling of the actual life across—not just to describe life—or criticize it—but to actually make it alive.So that when you have read something by me you actually experience the thing.You can't do this without putting in the bad and the ugly as well as what is beautiful.”By the time the Second World War broke out，Hemingway had solidified into the iconic figure we now remember: Papa.Even J．D.Salinger calls him this.And a blustery，cranky Hemingway appears in 1949 when aboard the Pilar he grabs an old fishing diary and begins scrawling an angry letter to Harold Ross，the editor of The New Yorker，complaining about Alfred Kazin's review of “Across the River and Into the Trees”，not，in truth，a very good book.But，Hemingway，often drinking and depressed，didn't know it，his best work was behind him by then.欧内斯特·海明威是20世纪文坛中一位举足轻重的人物。