雅思写作方法之段落发展列举法
雅思写作之技巧举例论证技巧
雅思写作之技巧举例论证技巧一、写作技巧1.明确论点和论据在写作前，要明确论点和论据。
论点是你要阐述的观点，论据则是用来支持论点的具体例子或数据。
确保论点和论据之间有逻辑关系，论据能够充分支持论点。
2.选择合适的例子选择具有代表性和相关性强的例子，能够更好地支持论点。
例子可以是个人经历、研究报告、统计数据等，但要确保其真实性和可信度。
3.描述例子在写作时，要对例子进行详细的描述，包括时间、地点、人物、事件等。
这有助于让读者更好地理解例子，并能够更好地支持论点。
4.避免偏题在举例论证时，要避免偏题。
始终围绕论点展开论述，不要偏离主题。
5.引用数据如果可能的话，可以引用数据来支持你的论点。
数据可以是官方统计数据、研究报告等，但要确保其准确性和可信度。
6.总结例子在给出例子后，要对例子进行总结，指出其与论点的关系，以及如何支持论点。
这有助于让读者更好地理解例子和论点之间的关系。
二、技巧举例论证例子1.题目现代科技对人们的生活产生了很大的影响，请举例说明其对人们生活的积极影响。
2.论点现代科技对人们的生活产生了很大的积极影响。
3.论据现代科技的发展使得医疗技术得到了很大的改善，例如，人们可以通过互联网进行远程医疗咨询，这大大方便了那些行动不便或者偏远地区的人们获得医疗服务。
此外，现代科技还使得交通出行变得更加便捷和安全，例如，人们可以通过GPS导航系统来规划最佳路线，减少出行时间和风险。
另外，现代科技还为人们提供了更多的学习机会和资源，例如，在线课程和电子书使得人们可以在任何时间和地点进行自我提升和学习。
4.总结通过远程医疗咨询、GPS导航系统和在线课程和电子书等现代科技的例子，我们可以看到现代科技对人们的生活产生了很大的积极影响。
雅思 论证段展开方式
论证段的扩展：（重中之重）每一个中心句还应有三到四句支持句。
这对大部分考生来说是最为困难的一部分。
一般来说，解决该问题有五种方法，分别是：·Explanation(解释和说明)：解释和说明中心句的意思或原因。
·Extension (延伸中心句并阐述影响)：将中心句或解释中心句的句子扩展一下，阐述它的影响。
·Examples（举例）：在需要的时候，举例说明，有助于更加形象地叙述事情。
·Sorting（分类）：当一个中心句有几个分论点支持时，可以将论点分类说明。
·Contrasting（对比）：描述相反的情形，这在考生实在无法落笔时特别有用。
考生可以有选择地使用以上五种方法，也可以在一个句子当中结合使用，而不必遵从上面的顺序。
接下来，我们用上面广告的题目来示范，完成每一个段落。
练习一：中心句：广告的主要功能之一就是帮助消费者发现并购买到合适的商品扩展句一：：广告就是通过不同的媒体，比如电视、收音机、报纸、杂志、小册子，诸如此类，发布有关产品或者服务的信息扩展句二：有了广告的存在，消费者可以获得市场最新的信息，包括产品或服务的特点，由此作出更明智的购买决定。
扩展句三：相对而言，如果没有广告的话，消费者因缺乏对市场上更好产品的认识，有可能购买一件不能够满足自己需要的产品。
答案：One of the main functions of advertising is to assist consumers to find and buy suitable products.(主体部分第一段中心句)第一句：Common knowledge is that advertising refers to presenting information relating to a product or service by a variety ofmedia, such as television, radio, newspapers, magazines,brochures, and so forth.(大意：广告就是通过不同的媒体，比如电视、收音机、报纸、杂志、小册子，诸如此类，发布有关产品或者服务的信息。
英语写作展开段落方法.doc
展开段落方法一．举例法For example,/ for instance,/ take …for example, ……..A good/ clear case in point is that….A typical/perfect example can be found in…..……, such as….……, including…………, which may include…..For example, high school students are often organized into small discussion group to enhance their learning efficiency in the classroom.By taking part in more physical exercises, students are less likely to develop various diseases, such as obesity, heart attack and the flu.二．列举法1) Firstly secondly thirdlyFirst second thirdFirst of all second finally/ lastlyIn the first place in the second place last but not least2) To begin with/To start with/For a start /Initially/primarilyAlso/ besides/ moreover/ furthermore/ what’s more/ in addition/ more importantly/ what’s worseOn top of that/ apart from….. /in addition to…., ……..3) one main advantage of… is ……Another benefit is ……One major problem of ….is…..Another big risk is…..One effective measure to… is…..Another sound approach is ……One of the negative impacts of… is….Another adverse effect is……Furthermore, there is a third undesirable development: …..三．引用法1. 是否可以用教育和职业培训来应对罪犯In many situations, providing criminals with education is a more effective approach to reforming them. According to some fascinating research, compared with offenders who are simply thrown into prison, those who have been offered a proper education tend to show less violent behavior and are less likely to commit crime again after being released.句型：According to a recent study, …..According to some fascinating research, …..According to a recent article published in the world-famous Nature Journal, ……..According to a recent survey conducted by a group of American researchers of the University of Chicago, …Interestingly, a recent study found that ……In fact, a recent survey showed that….As a matter of fact, a recent opinion poll revealed that …..Study after study has demonstrated that……After many years of painstaking research, scientists are now able to prove that……四因果法谈在公共场所禁烟的必要性From a public health point of view, it is absolutely necessary to ban smoking in all public place, including restaurants, subway stations, office buildings and the streets. This is essentially because many non-smokers are often forced to breathe in side-stream smoke exhaled by smokers. Study after study has confirmed that second-hand smoking leads to a more insidious health risk since such type of smoke contains more, smaller partic les and is therefore more likely to be deposited deep in lungs. Unfortunately, the extremely lucrative nature of the tobacco industry typically discourages many governments of the world to take resolute actions against smoking. Consequently, the adverse effects of passive smoking are not discovered until our health has suffered extensive damage.句型Because/since / as/ now that….. , ……Because of/ due to/ owing to/ thanks to, ……The apparent reason is …..One simple reason is ……It is evident that the biggest reason for this is……套句：One of the main reasons is that……Another major cause is that ….Finally, ….is found to be the third contributing factor.Therefore,/ thus,/ as a result,/ consequently,/ as a natural consequence, ……Lead to/ give rise to / contribute to/ result in……..段落展开方法之五小结法讨论直接捐给当地贫困社区还是把钱给慈善组织On the other hand, there are many reasons why some people prefer to give money to the poor in their local communities. First, after seeing how poverty has deeply affected the lives of their neighbors at first hand, they really understand the scale of the problem and they really want to be part of the effort to address it. Second, these donors can see for themselves how the money being spent and how their generous donations are making a big difference to the whole community. It isno wonder that they are delighted to provide direct financial support because there is a clear connection between their altruism and the positive changes it brings.学语言要不要当地的文化和生活方式In addition, some interesting aspects of the language are reflected in the lifestyle of the native speakers. In the USA, for example, many people actually prefer the peaceful way of life in a small city with little traffic, which is vividly describe as a “one-stoplight” town. Similarly, the fact that a large number of business owners in Britain operate in their own small house in the country gives rise to the expression “cottage industry”. Thus, it is no exaggeration to say that lifestyle is indeed one of the richest sources of language that all learners must tap into.注：It is no wonder that…..Therefore, it is safe to say that….Therefore, it is logical to conclude that….Thus it is no exaggeration to say that….It goes without saying that…..Needless to say that……六．对比法In comparison, ….In sharp contrast, ….Compared with A, B…..On the other hand, ……While/whereas….., ……..。
雅思大作文分段思路总结
雅思大作文分段思路总结一、雅思大作文分段思路如下：第一段：提出观点，引出话题。
根据提示性词语（比如I believe that...；I suggest that...），首先明确作者的观点，即认为什么是重要的、有价值的。
此处需要适当阐述观点，以便让读者了解作者的态度和看法。
第二段：阐述理由，展开论述。
这一段需要进一步阐述自己的观点，给出令人信服的理由来支撑观点。
分段展开，让论述更有条理。
第三段：比较异同，补充观点。
如果话题涉及两个事物，这一段可以比较它们的异同，并补充自己的观点。
分段展开，让论述更有条理。
第四段：总结观点，强调价值。
这一段可以总结前文所述的观点，并强调其价值或意义。
二、示例：2019年12月的题目作为例子：Nowadays people are living in a 'thrown-away' society where they use things for a short time and then throwaway. What cause this and what problem it may lead to?审题：利用1分钟弄清题目、类型。
包括：题目类型是什么?要求讨论的话题是什么?有几个问题?常见大作文题型有以下五个大类：To what extent do you agree or disagree?Discuss both views and give your opinion.Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?What are the reasons and is there any solution can be taken?To what extent do you agree or disagree? Do you think it is a positive trend or negative?那么上题就是第四种报告说明类型的题目，讨论的话题就是人们用完就丢弃这种现象，两个问题：原因和影响利用3-5分钟列提纲好多考生在真实考试中会省略这一步，觉得费时间、没必要。
雅思五段作文范文模板
雅思五段作文范文模板第一段，引入话题。
在引入话题的部分，我们需要简要介绍文章要讨论的内容。
我们可以使用一些引人注目的事实、数据或者引用一些权威人士的观点来引起读者的兴趣。
在这一部分，我们需要明确表达我们的立场或者观点，为后面的论证做好铺垫。
第二段，论证第一个观点。
在这一部分，我们需要详细论述第一个观点。
我们可以列举一些具体的例子或者数据来支持我们的观点。
同时，我们也可以引用一些权威人士的观点来加强我们的论证。
在论证完第一个观点之后，我们需要总结本段内容，并过渡到下一个观点的论证。
第三段，论证第二个观点。
在这一部分，我们需要详细论述第二个观点。
同样地，我们可以列举一些具体的例子或者数据来支持我们的观点，也可以引用一些权威人士的观点来加强我们的论证。
在论证完第二个观点之后，我们需要总结本段内容，并过渡到下一个观点的论证。
第四段，讨论对立观点。
在这一部分，我们需要讨论一些对立的观点。
我们可以列举一些对立观点的理由，并对这些理由进行逐一反驳。
我们需要展现出我们对这些对立观点的理解，并通过论证来证明我们的观点更加合理。
第五段，总结全文。
在这一部分，我们需要对全文进行总结，并重申我们的观点。
同时，我们也可以展望一下未来的发展趋势或者给出一些建议。
在总结全文之后，我们可以用一些积极的话语来鼓励读者对我们的观点持有开放的态度。
雅思五段作文范文模板。
近年来，全球气候变化日益严重，给人类社会和自然环境带来了巨大的影响。
因此，我们迫切需要采取行动来应对气候变化。
本文将从减少碳排放、发展可再生能源和保护生态环境等方面，探讨应对气候变化的策略。
首先，减少碳排放是应对气候变化的关键。
碳排放是气候变化的主要原因之一，因此减少碳排放是非常重要的。
政府可以通过制定相关政策来限制工业企业和汽车排放的碳量，推广绿色出行方式，鼓励居民节能减排。
同时，企业也可以加大技术投入，提高生产效率，减少能源消耗，从而减少碳排放。
其次，发展可再生能源也是应对气候变化的重要举措。
段落发展几种手段
段落发展的几种手段1．列举法(listing)作者运用列举法，是通过列举一系列的论据对topic sentence中摆出的论点进行广泛、全面地陈述或解释，列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。
Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didn't read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lunch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door that said "Wet Paint" and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldn't get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand.根据本段主题句中的关键词组everything I did went wrong，作者列举了8点内容，分别由first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch time等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。
凤凰国际英语雅思写作6举例法写段落
举例法是通过提供实例来扩展段落的一种方法。 这是一种常用的而且易于为初学者掌握的段落展 开法。它用具体的事例来阐述主题句中的支配思 想，展开支配思想中所概括的尚未展开的内涵， 用实例来支持主题句中的观点，从而使其得到较 为充分和完整的表达。
Useful Words
for example for instance such as take the case of Take X as a typical example
In order to prevent non-smokers from being affected, measures must be taken to reduce the chances of smoking. A lot of work can be done concerning this. For example, in some public places, such as in theatres, cinemas, smoking should be forbidden. Even on the train or plane people should not allowed to smoke. Doctors, teachers, government leaders should take the lead not to smoke. Above all, the harmfulness and dangers caused by smoking should be made known to all through newspapers, broadcast, or TV programs. Also, the growing of tobacco and the production of cigarettes should not be encouraged. Only in this way can we effectively reduce the chances of smoking.
雅思写作中的段落结构与衔接技巧
雅思写作中的段落结构与衔接技巧在雅思写作中，合理的段落结构和良好的衔接技巧是提升文章质量和得分的重要因素。
本文将介绍一些在雅思写作中常用的段落结构和衔接技巧，以帮助考生写出流畅、逻辑清晰的文章。
1. 引言段引言段通常用于引入话题和提出观点。
可以使用一两个引人注目的句子或者问题来激发读者的兴趣，并阐述你的观点。
同时，引言段应该包含一个明确的论点，为接下来的段落提供一个中心思想。
2. 主体段主体段通常是文章的核心部分，用于支持和发展论点，提供相关证据和详细的例子。
在写作主体段时，可以采用以下结构：（1）论据和例子：首先提出一个具体观点或者论据，然后使用相关的事实、数据、例子或者引用来加以支持。
在提供例子时，可以使用个人经历、观察到的现象、历史事件等进行论证。
（2）解释和分析：对于提供的论据和例子，需要进行解释和分析，引导读者理解你的观点和论证过程。
这样可以增加文章的可信度和逻辑性。
（3）过渡和衔接：在主体段之间，以及主体段与引言段之间，需要使用过渡句或衔接词来进行衔接，使整篇文章更加连贯。
3. 结论段结论段是整篇文章的总结和提出建议的部分。
在写结论段时，需要回顾引言段中的论点，并总结主体段的观点和论证。
可以根据文章内容提出一些建议或者对未来的展望。
4. 衔接技巧除了段落结构，衔接技巧也是提高雅思写作连贯性的关键。
在文章中使用适当的衔接词和词组可以更好地连接句子和段落，使文章更易读且思路清晰。
以下是一些常用的衔接词和词组：（1）衔接不同观点：on the one hand, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary等。
（2）衔接相同观点：similarly, likewise, in the same way, in addition, furthermore等。
（3）列举：for example, for instance, such as, namely等。
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英语组织文章结构的三大原则是时间、空间和逻辑。
时间原则指按事情发展的基本顺序来安排内容；空间原则是从视觉效果出发，按照事物、事情存在、发生和发展的空间顺序来安排内容；而逻辑原则是按照事物发展过程中的逻辑关系——从一般到个别、个别到一般、比较与对比、因与果、分类、问题与解决等来安排内容我。
每一种逻辑关系又可以用不同的方式来进行组织。
本文重点讨论“一般到个别”中“列举”的方式。
一般到个别（general-to-specific）也称为抽象到具体(abstract-to-concrete)的结构，是典型的西方文章结构，很多西方学者认为这是有别于东方螺旋型思维（spiraling）的直线型思维。
按照这种结构组织的段落一般先就题目提出具有一般意义的论点（topic sentence），然后再以详细的阐述、分析或事例等论据来支持此观点。
论据的组织方式又可分为列举（listing）和举例（exemplification）.这种组织方式既适用于一篇文章，也适用于一个段落。
如：
Color-blind people have problems that people who perceive color never think about. Perhaps the greatest handicap of color-blind person is evident when they select occupations. For example, they cannot work as interior decorators, commercial photographers, painters, a irline pilots, or railroad engineers. The second problem is with traffic signs and signals. Those that are red-green colorblind have trouble seeing stop signs found on shady streets be cause they may not notice them against the leaves. In addition, they have trouble identifyin g signal lights and must memorize the position of the light to know which signal is being gi ven. And perhaps less of a problem is that of dressing. Those who are fashion-conscious avoi d brightly colored wardrobe so that they will not wear clashing colors.
这一段中采用列举加举例的方式。
首句提出论点，主旨（the controlling idea）是“problems”,后面用三个方面来阐述，从the greatest handicap,到the second problem最后到less of a problem,三方面分别是occupation、traffic signs and signals和dressing.这三个方面之间也是按照从大到小，从最常见的到最少见的，而对于每一方面的支持和论证，作者又分别采用了举例和列举方式（for exampl e; in addition等）。
一般到个别的基本框架是：
Topic sentence (main idea)
Explanation/detail 1
Explanation/detail 2
Explanation/detail 3
1、2、3 之间又按照:
The most general------the least general
The most common------the least common
The most popular------the least popular
对于在课堂教学中的使用，教师可以做具体的演示。
如讨论是什么因素导致了交通堵塞。
课上b rainstorming后得到以下论据：
1.over-population
2.too many cars
3.insufficient roads
4.unreasonable design of infrastructure
5.people’s awareness
6.driving offenders
7.police
8.rules and regulations
要使用列举的方式，可以将上述论据进行分类，前四点可作为客观原因，5、6两条可作为主观原因，最后两条可以作为政府的宏观管理问题。
组织方式如下：
Topic sentence: There are several factors causing traffic jams.
Explanation 1: The leading contributor is overpopulation, which leads to too many c ars available even though more roads have been constructed. The situation will be worse if t he infrastructure is not reasonably designed.
Explanation 2: Apart from these objective reasons, part of the blame should be laid on people’s awareness. There are many driving offenders either because they are drunk or t hey do not think it important to keep to the traffic rules and regulations.
Explanation 3: Besides, the police’s supervision also plays an essential role. If they do not manage well, traffic jams are more likely to occur.
列举的方法尤其有利于初学写作的考生模仿和借鉴，它不失为一种快速成文的有效途径。
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