新视野第四册sentence structure

Sentence structureUnit 1plete the following sentences by translating theChinese into English, using the expression “other than”1.We never go to church other tan for funerals andweddings. (除了去参加葬礼和婚礼之外)2.I have no ambitious other than to live an independentlife.(除了过一种独立的生活之外)3.He insists the designs have no great meanings, otherthan that they appealed to his eye. (除了他们很吸引他的眼球之外)4.He doesn’t eat pork, but other than that, he’ll eatjust about everything. （但除此外，他什么都吃）5.I don’t know the exact location of th e church, otherthan that it’s somewhere in the town center.(除了知道它在市中心的某个地方)Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, using “would/need/should/might/must have done” structure.1.With all this work on hand, he shouldn’t have b eento the cinema last night.（昨晚不应该去看电影）2.I would have told him the answer （会告诉他答案）had it been possible, but I was so busy then.3.They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled.In fact, they needn’t have gone at all.（他根本不需要去）4.If Henry did not attend the conference last night,he must have had too much work to do.（一定是有很多工作要做）5.Philip might have been injured seriously （可能受了重伤）in the car accident.Unit 2Rewrite the following sentences after the model. Use “if…had +past participle” in the if-clause, and “would/could +have +past participle” in the main clause.1.I had no idea that you were coming. So I didn’t meetyou at the airport.If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport.2.He did not try to leave the country. So he was notstopped at the border.If he had tried to leave the country, he would have been stopped at the border.3.We did not find him earlier. So we could not save hislife.If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.4.I failed to catch that plane. So I was lucky not tobe killed in the air crashIf I had caught that plane, I would have been killed in the air crash.5.He was in poor health. So he didn’t write many books. If he had been in good health, he could have written many books.Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, using “it” as the formal subjects.1.With so much going on at the office, it is a wonderto find （令人吃惊地发现）that Mr. Lawrence has much time left for anything else.2.It is a surprise for us to find（我们非常吃惊地发现） that television enjoys its greatest competitiveadvantage on information.3.You’ll soon find that it is a waste of time to arguewith him.（与他争论是浪费时间）4.It is a comfort to know （令人宽慰地了解到）thatthere’s always someone to keep an eye on the kids.5.It is a relief for us to know我们宽慰地了解到) thatthe driver was able to control the car during the storm weather.Unit 3Study the models and rewrite each of the following sentences using the structure “be V-ed + to” with the verb provided. Pay attention to the tense and voice in the structureModel1: People suppose that a welfare client cheats. (suppose)A welfare client is supposed to cheat.Model 2: It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion. ( report)Two people are reported to have been killed in the explosion.1.People believe that the wanted man is living in NewYork. (believe)The wanted man is believed to be living in New York.2.It is said that many people are homeless after thefloods. (say)Many people are said to be homeless after the floods.3.People say that three men were arrested after theexplosion. (say)Three men are said to have been arrested after the explosion.4.It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbingover the wall. (think)The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.5.It is reported that four people were seriouslyinjured in the accident. (report)Four people are reported to have been seriously injured in the accident.There are verbs in English that can be followed either by an infinitive or an “-ing”form, but with different meanings. Rewrite each of the followingsentences with the verb in brackets and take care to think whether to use “-ing” form or infinitive. Model: The government no longer took care of our chairs. (stop)The government stopped taking care of our chairs.1.He did send her flowers, but it didn’t have anyeffect.He tried sending her flowers, but it didn’t have any effect.2.I don’t feel sorry about telling her what Ithought, even if I upset her.(regret)I don’t regret telling her what I thought, even ifI upset her.3.The window was broken because I didn’t close itwhen I left. (forget)The window was broken because I forgot to close it when I left.4.We feel sorry but we have to inform you that thematerials you ordered are out of stock. (regret) We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are out of stock.5.He first welcomed the new student and thenexplained college regulations. (go on)He welcomed the new student and then went on to explain the college regulations.Unit 4“Rather than” is used like a conjunction to link words or expressions of the same type. Combine the following sentences using “rather than”.1.Concentrate on indoor delights and you’ll be muchbetter appropriated. Don’t concentrate on outdoor fights.Concentrate on indoor delights rather than outdoor fights and you’ll be much better appreciated.2.As a result of the development of computertechnology many people may eventually be able to work at home. They don’t have to go to the office. As a result of ……work at home rather tha n go to the office.3.Some people say that the pupils’ achievementsthis term will be measured by a formal test. They are not to be measured by their teacher’s assessment.Some people say ……by a formal test rather than their teacher’s assessment.4.They argued that their products should bedeveloped on the basis of need. Products should not be developed on the basis of profit.They argued ……on the basis of need rather than profit.5.During weekends the businessmen may spend timeestablishing friendship and mutual trust. They would not discuss any particular item of business. During weekends……establishing friendship and mutual trust rather than discussing any particular item of business.Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, usi ng “twice as…as”, “three times as…as” , etc.1.Prices are going up so rapidly. Petrol now is twiceas expensive as it was a few years ago.（现在汽油的价格是几年前的两倍）2.Have you visited their house Theirs is about threetimes as big as ours.（他们的屋子大约是我们的三倍大小）3.The company estimates its annual revenue peraverage customer at about $2,000 as compared to $860 in the United States. That’s partly due to the fact that Latin American consumers talk two to four times as long as on the phone as people in North American.（拉丁美洲电话客户的通话时间是北美洲客户的二至四倍）4.In spite of the fact that the fee for cell phonesis typically twice as much as for calls made over fixed lines, 移动电话的资费通常是固定电话资费的两倍）they are still very popular, especially among the young people.5.Fiber-optic cable is a tremendously efficientcarrier of information. Lasers shooting light through glass fiber can transmit 250,000 times as much data as a standard telephone wire.（可以传送高达标准电话线25万倍的数据）Unit 5Study the model sentence of “not/never so …as” structure and rewrite the following sentences using the same structure.Model: I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.1.The distance between them is great, but it is notunbridgeable.The distance between them is not so great as to be unbridgeable.2.The unity of the masses with the party is strongerthan everThe unity of the masses with the party is never so strong as it is now3.The punishment was harsh because Maggie would loseher position, but she was lucky not to lose her pay. The punishment was harsh because Maggie would lose her position, but it was not so bad as losing her pay. 4.I’ve heard the terrible noise once or twice before,but this one is louder.I’ve heard the terrible noise once or twice before, but never so loud as this one.5.Men are more peaceful, more graceful with each otherthan ever.Men are never so peaceful, so graceful each other as they are now.Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, using “might as well”1.My father always gets information from the locallibrary. You might as well go there to see whether there is the information you need.（你不妨去那里看看有没有你需要的资料）2.While you live alone, you can do as you like. We mightas well call it freedom.（我们不妨称之为自由吧）3.They miss you very much. You might as well ring andtell them you’re going to visit them.（你不妨打电话告诉他们你要去看望他们）4.It’s no good waiting for the bus. We might as wellwalk home.（我们不妨走回家吧）5.This passage is too difficult for us to read. Wemight as well find an easier one to read.（我们不妨找一篇容易一些的读吧）Unit 6When the subject of a sentence is an infinitive or a that-clause, it is not usual to put it at the beginning. More often, we use the pattern “It is +adjective+ todo/that-clause”. Rewrite the following sentences with the pattern discussed.1.to go there next Monday is pointless—there’s apublic holiday.It’s pointless to go there next Monday—there’s a public holiday.2.to talk about having high moral standards is easy,but, in practice, what would one really do in sucha situationIt’s easy to talk about having high moral standards, in practice, what would one really do in such a situation3.to see different cultures and ways of life isinteresting.4.It’s interesting to see different cultures and waysof life.5.That she refuses to talk to you is reallyastonishing.It is really astonishing that she refuses to talk to you.6.That she comes straight to me when she arrives isimportant.It is important that she comes straight to me when she arrives.“suppose” can be used as a conjunction. As a conjunction, “suppose” is followed by a clause, used in the s ense of “what would/will happen if…”. Rewrite the following sentences with the help of the condition provided, using “suppose”1.What would you doCondition: objecting to carrying out a particular management order and being afraid of the manager. Suppose you object to carrying out a particular management order and you are afraid of the manager, what would you do2.How would you explain it to your newly-married wife Condition: having just got married and being about to work abroad for three years.Suppose you have just got married and you are about to work abroad for three years, how would you explain it to your newly-married wife3.Would you explain to remove the doubtsCondition: someone not understanding why you didn’tarrest Harry.Suppose someone couldn’t understand why you didn’t arrest Harry, would you explain to remove the doubts 4.Would you throw him outCondition: your tenant failing to pay the rent in time. Suppose your tenant fails to pay the rent in time, would you throw him out5.Where could you get helpCondition: being a very heavy smoker, anxious to break the habitSuppose you are a very heavy smoker and are anxious to break the habit, where could you get helpUnit 7“more than” can be followed by a noun or adjective to express the meaning of “having g reater value or importance than something else” or “not only…” rewrite the following sentences after the model. Model: The book, however, is not only an argument against the latest racially-biased theory.The book, however, is more than an argument against the latest racially-biased theory.1.Being healthy is not merely a question of not beingill.Being healthy is more than a question of not being ill.2.I was not only a little upset at not being invitedto the wedding.I was more than a little upset at not being invited to the wedding.3.this story is not just interesting; it is educationalas well.This story is more than interesting; it is educational as well.4.Hepworth is not only a filmmaker; he had learnt tofind stories that would have genuine popular appeal. Hepworth is more than a filmmaker; he had learnt to find stories that would have genuine popular appeal.pared our achievements today with what we startedout to be, it is not simply a miracle brought about by years of exceptionally hard work.Compared our achievements today with what we started out to be, it is more than a miracle brought out by years of exceptionally hard work.“nothing less than” can be followed by a noun or adjective to emphasize how surprising or important something is. Rewrite the following sentences after the model.Model: Luca Cavalli-Sforza, a Stanford professor, labored with his colleagues for 16 years to create exactly the first genetic map of the world.Luca ……to create nothing less than the first genetic map of the world.只需把斜体单词变为nothing less than 即可。