2012北京中考一模基础知识汇总
2012年北京市各区一模试题分类解析(数学理)(17)：几何证明选讲.pdf
十七、几何证明选讲
13.（2012年海淀一模理13）如图，以的边为直径的半圆交于点，交于点，于点，，，那么=，=.
答案：60°
11.（2012年西城一模理11） 如图，为⊙的直径，，弦交于点．若，，则_____．
。
12．（2012年东城一模理12）如图，是⊙的直径，直线切⊙于点，且与
延长线交于点，若，，则=．
答案：。
12．Rt△ABC内接于圆，，PA是圆的切线，A为切点， PB
交AC于E，交圆于D．若PA=AE，PD=，BD=，则AP=，AC=．
答案：，.
10.（2012年东城11校联考理10）如图，已知是⊙的切线，是切点，直线交⊙于两点，是的中点，连结并延长交⊙于点，若，则=.
答案：。
11.（2012年石景山一模理11）如图，已知圆中两条弦与相交于点，与圆相切交延长线上于点，若，，则线段的长为 ．
答案：。
3．是圆的切线，切点为，交圆于两点，，则=( B )
A. B. C. D.
12．与是的直径，，是
延长线上一点，连交于点，连交于点，若，则
．
答案：3。
12．是直径延长线上一点， 是
的切线，是切点，，，则 ．
答案：。
2,4,6
F
B
E
O
C
P
D
A
C
F
D
E
A
B。
2012北京市各区中考数学一模试卷及答案试题试卷_1 (2)
顺义区2012届初三第一次统一练习 数学学科参考答案及评分细则二、填空题（本题共16分，每小题4分，）9．4；10．25()x x y -； 11．11.4； 12， 2)π+，π． 三、解答题（本题共30分，每小题5分） 13()12cos303-︒+--1213⎛⎫=+-- ⎪⎝⎭……………………………………………… 4分 113=+ 43= …………………………………………………………………… 5分 14．解： 221x y x y +=⎧⎨-=⎩①②①+②，得 33x =．1x =． …………………………………………………… 2分 把1x =代入①，得 12y +=．1y =． ………………………………………………………… 4分 ∴原方程组的解为 1,1.x y =⎧⎨=⎩ ………………………………………………… 5分15．证明：∵AB=AC ，∴B C ∠=∠． …………………………………………………………… 1分 在△ABD 和△ACE 中，,,,AB AC B C BD CE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∴ △ABD ≌△ACE ．……………………………………………………… 3分 ∴ AD=AE ． ……………………………………………………………… 4分∴∠ADE =∠AED ． ……………………………………………………… 5分16．解：6931x x x x -⎛⎫⎛⎫-÷- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭2693x x x x x -+-=÷ …………………………………………………… 2分 2(3)3x xx x -=-3x =- ……………………………………………………………………… 4分当2012x =时，原式=201232009-=．…………………………………… 5分17．解：（1）∵点(4,)A m 在反比例函数4y x=（0x >）的图象上， ∴414m ==． …………………………………………………………… 1分 ∴(4,1)A ．将(4,1)A 代入一次函数y x b =-+中，得 5b =．∴一次函数的解析式为5y x =-+． …………………………………… 2分（2）由题意，得 (0,5)B ， ∴5OB =．设P 点的横坐标为P x ．∵OBP △的面积为5， ∴1552p x ⨯=．…………………………………………………………… 3分 ∴2P x =±．∴点P 的坐标为（2，3）或（-2，7）． ………………………………… 5分 18．解：设A 户型的每户窗户改造费用为x 元，则B 户型的每户窗户改造费用为(500)x -元． ……………………………… 1分 根据题意，列方程得5400004800005x x =-． 解得 4500x =．经检验，4500x =是原方程的解，且符合题意．…………………………… 4分 ∴5004000x -=．答：A 户型的每户窗户改造费用为4500元，B 户型的每户窗户改造费用为4000 元．…………………………………… 5分MF EDCBAFE DCO BA四、解答题（本题共20分，每小题5分）19．解：（1）∵在□ABCD 中，∠B=60°，AB=4，∠ACB=45°，∴∠D=60°，CD=AB=4，AD ∥BC ． ……………………………… 1分 ∴∠DAC=45°． 过点C 作CM ⊥AD 于M ， 在Rt △CDM 中，sin 4sin 6023CM CD D ==︒=cos 4cos602DM CD D ==︒=．………………………………… 2分在Rt △ACM中，∵∠MAC=45°， ∴AM CM==∴2AD AM DM =+=．…………………………………… 3分∵EF ⊥AD ，CM ⊥AD ， ∴EF ∥CM ．∴12EF CM ==在Rt △AEF 中，AF EF ==4分∴22DF AD AF =-=-=．……………………… 5分20．（1）证明：连结OD ．∵AB 是⊙O 的直径，∴∠ADB=90°． ……………………………………………………… 1分 ∵∠A=30°， ∴∠ABD=60°．∴∠BDC =1302ABD ∠=︒． ∵OD=OB ，∴△ODB 是等边三角形． ∴∠ODB=60°．∴∠ODC=∠ODB+∠BDC =90°． 即OD ⊥DC ．∴CD 是⊙O 的切线．…………………………………………………… 2分（2）解：∵OF ∥AD ，∠ADB=90°，∴OF ⊥BD ，∠BOE=∠A =30°． ……………………………………… 3分∴112DE BE BD ===． 在Rt △OEB中，OB=2BE=2，OE ==．………… 4分 ∵OD=OB=2，∠C=∠ABD -∠BDC =30°，∠DOF=30°， ∴CD =tan 30DF OD =︒=∴CF CD DF =-== ……………………………5分21．解：（1）此次共调查了100名学生． …………………………………………………1分（2）填表：…………………………………………………3分（3）补全统计图如下：到校方式条形统计图 到校方式扇形统计图．…………………………………………………………………………5分22．解：（1）四边形DFCE 的面积S = 6 ，△DBF 的面积1S = 6 ，△ADE 的面积2S = 32 ． …………………………………… 3分（2）2S = 214S S （用含S 、1S 的代数式表示）． ………… 4分 （3）□DEFG 的面积为12． ………………………………………… 5分五、解答题（本题共22分，第23题7分，第24题7分，第25题8分） 23．解：（1）△=244(1)(3)k k k --+=2244812k k k --+=812k -+ ……………………………………………………………… 1分∵方程有两个不相等的实数根， ∴10,0.k -≠⎧⎨∆>⎩ 即 10,8120.k k -≠⎧⎨-+>⎩∴k 的取值范围是32k <且1k ≠． …………………………………… 3分 （2）当方程有两个相等的实数根时，△=812k -+=0．∴32k =． ………………………………………………………………… 4分 ∴关于y 的方程为2(6)10y a y a +-++=．∴2'(6)4(1)a a ∆=--+2123644a a a =-+--21632a a =-+2(8)32a =--．由a 为正整数，当2(8)32a --是完全平方数时，方程才有可能有整数根． 设22(8)32a m --=（其中m 为整数），32p q =（p 、q 均为整数）， ∴22(8)32a m --=．即(8)(8)32a m a m -+--=．不妨设8,8.a m p a m q -+=⎧⎨--=⎩两式相加，得 162p q a ++=．∵(8)a m -+与(8)a m --的奇偶性相同，∴32可分解为216⨯，48⨯，(2)(16)-⨯-，(4)(8)-⨯-， ∴18p q +=或12或18-或12-．∴17a =或14或1-（不合题意，舍去）或2．当17a =时，方程的两根为1172y -±=，即12y =-，29y =-．…… 5分 当14a =时，方程的两根为822y -±=，即13y =-，25y =-．…… 6分当2a =时， 方程的两根为422y ±=，即13y =，21y =． ………… 7分24．解：（1）∵抛物线y =mx 2+2mx +n 经过点A （-4，0）和点B （0，3），∴1680,3.m m n n -+=⎧⎨=⎩ ∴3,83.m n ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩． ∴抛物线的解析式为：233384y x x =--+．………………………… 2分 （2）令3y =，得2333384x x --+=，得10x =，22x =-， ∵抛物线向右平移后仍经过点B ，∴抛物线向右平移2个单位．……… 3分∵233384y x x =--+ 233(21)388x x =-++++2327(1)88x =-++． ………… 4分∴平移后的抛物线解析式为2327(1)88y x =--+． …………………… 5分（3）由抛物线向右平移2个单位，得'(2,0)A -，'(2,3)B ．∴四边形AA ’B ’B 为平行四边形，其面积'236AA OB ==⨯=．设P 点的纵坐标为P y ，由'OA P △的面积=6， ∴1'62P OA y =，即1262P y ⨯= ∴6P y =， 6P y =±．………………………………………………… 6分当6P y =时，方程2327(1)688x --+=无实根， 当6P y =-时，方程2327(1)688x --+=-的解为16x =，24x =-．∴点P 的坐标为(6,6)-或(4,6)--．……………………………… 7分25．解：（1）完成画图如图2，由BAC ∠的度数为 60°，点E 落在 AB 的中点处 ，容易得出BE 与DE 之间的数量关系 为 BE=DE ；…………… 3分（2）完成画图如图3．猜想：BE DE =．证明：取AB 的中点F ，连结EF ．∵90ACB ∠=︒，30ABC ∠=︒，∴160∠=︒，12CF AF AB ==． ∴△ACF 是等边三角形．∴AC AF =． ① …… 4分∵△ADE 是等边三角形，∴260∠=︒， AD AE =． ②∴12∠=∠． ∴12BAD BAD ∠+∠=∠+∠．即CAD FAE ∠=∠．③ ………………………………………… 5分 由①②③得 △ACD ≌△AFE （SAS ）． …………………………… 6分 ∴90ACD AFE ∠=∠=︒． ∵F 是AB 的中点，∴EF 是AB 的垂直平分线．∴BE=AE . ……………………………………………………… 7分 ∵△ADE 是等边三角形， ∴DE=AE .∴BE DE =． …………………………………………………… 8分EAB C (D )图221F EDB C A图3。
2012年北京中考一模数学试题分析考试内容
2012初三一模数学试题分析（海、西、东）二、试题特点1、检测功能①突出四基的考查，部分题目以能力立意，突出重点章节和重点知识的考查②既延续着北京中考试题的命题规律，又在此基础上适当创新试题，力争全方位检测考生的数学基础知识水平③试题有区分度2、预测功能充分结合新课标和北京考试说明要求①注重基础知识的灵活应用及基本数学思想在题目中的渗透（如第8题和12题）②相似，勾股，三角函数等基本运算工具在几何题目中的应用（20或21）③代数综合侧重在一元二次方程和二次函数的结合，将运算巧妙融入其中，考查考生的基本运算能力（23）④操作型问题仍然以能力立意，找出解决题目的方向和本质特征成为考查思维的主要特点（22）⑤几何综合题目仍然以重点知识（几何变换为背景），考查考生的综合应用能力.（24）⑥二次函数综合题目均作为压轴题出现，考查初中学生在初中阶段对函数的理解和综合思维能力（25）三、海淀、西城、东城三区的部分试题归类新颖点：考查空间观念的有关题目2012西城5．由n个相同的小正方体堆成的几何体，其主视图、俯视图如下所示，则n的最大值是A．16B．18C．19D．202012海淀8. 8.下列图形中，能通过折叠围成一个三棱柱的是A B C D考查归纳和推理能力从变换的角度和运动变化来研究三角形、四边形、函数图像等图形，通过“对称、动点的运动”等研究手段和方法，来探索与发现图形性质及图形变化，在解题过程中渗透空间观念和合情推理。
选择基本的几何图形，让学生经历探索的过程，以能力立意，考查学生的自主探究能力，促进培养学生解决问题的能力．图形在动点的运动过程中观察图形的变化情况，需要理解图形在不同位置的情况，才能做好计算推理的过程。
在变化中找到不变的性质是解决数学“动点”探究题的基本思路,这也是动态几何数学问题中最核心的数学本质2012东城8. 如图，在正方形ABCD中，AB=3cm，动点M自A点出发沿AB方向以每秒1cm的速度向B 点运动，同时动点N自A点出发沿折线AD—DC—CB以每秒3cm的速度运动，到达B点时运动同时停止.设△AMN的面积为y（cm2），运动时间为x（秒），则下列图象中能大致反映y与x之间的函数关系的是2012西城8．8．对于实数c、d，我们可用min{ c，d }表示c、d两数中较小的数，如min{3，1-}=1-.若关于x的函数y = min{22x，2()a x t-}的图象关于直线3x=对称，则a、t的值可能是A．3，6 B．2，6-C．2，6 D．2-，62012东城12.如图，正方形ABCD的边长为10，内部有6个全等的正方形，小正方形的顶点E、F、G、H分别落在边AD、AB、BC、CD上，则DE的长为．2012西城12．12．如图，直角三角形纸片ABC中，∠ACB=90°，AC=8，BC=6．折叠该纸片使点B与点C重合，折痕与AB、BC的交点分别为D、E. (1) DE的长为；(2) 将折叠后的图形沿直线AE剪开，原纸片被剪成三块，其中最小一块的面积等于．2012海淀12. 在平面直角坐标系xOy中, 正方形A1B1C1O、A2B2C2B1、A3B3C3B2, …,按右图所示的方式放置. 点A1、A2、A3, …和B1、B2、B3, …分别在直线y=kx+b和x轴上. 已知C1(1, -1),C2(23,27-), 则点A3的坐标是 ;点A n的坐标是.2012西城21．如图，AC 为⊙O 的直径，AC=4，B 、D 分别在AC两侧的圆上，∠BAD=60°，BD 与AC 的交点为E ． (1) 求点O 到BD 的距离及∠OBD 的度数； (2) 若DE=2BE ，求cos OED ∠的值和CD 的长．2012海淀20．如图，△ABC 内接于⊙O , AD 是⊙O 直径, E 是CB 延长线上一点, 且∠BAE =∠C .（1）求证：直线AE 是⊙O 的切线； （2）若EB =AB , 54cos =E , AE =24，求EB 的长及⊙O 的半径．2012东城21. 如图，△ABC 中，以BC 为直径的⊙O 交AB 于点D ，CA 是⊙O 的切线， AE 平分∠BA C交BC 于点E ，交CD 于点F ． （1）求证：CE =CF ； （2）若sin B =35，求DF ∶CF 的值．操作类型问题根据条件信息，结合图形的特征，适当运用几何图形变换按要求进行作图，然后求解。
2012年北京市各区一模试题分类解析(数学理)(2)：函数.pdf
8AUnit1 Friends第七课时Study skills&Main task(新授课) 【学习目标】 2.运用合适的形容词来描述一个朋友的相貌和品质 3.根据写作要求为自己的文章构思 4.学会交朋友，善于发现朋友的优秀品质。
【学习重点】1.四会单词和重点词组与句型。
2.运用本单元的语言知识写一篇关于朋友的文章。
【学习过程】 ’anmen _________ is the _________ city square in the world. Our classroom has an area of about 70 __________ metres 2.smiling adj. smile smiles, smiled 她明亮微笑的眼睛使她看起来漂亮又友好。
Her __________, _________ eyes _________ _________ _________ pretty and kind. 格林先生微笑着坐下。
Mr Green sat down, _____________. Mr Green sat down ________ ________ ________ ________ _______ ________. 3.handsome adj. （男子）英俊的，的；（女子体态）优美的；可观的；大方的，慷慨的 副词:handsomely 形容词比较级:handsomer 最高级:handsomest 名词:handsomenessWe should ____________. hard work 这是一项艰苦的工作。
It’s _________________________. work hard 他总是工作很努力。
He ____________________________. 6.patient adj. 有耐心的。
n. 病人。
他总是对他的病人有耐心。
2012北京市语文中考各区一模试题汇--名著阅读
2012北京市语文中考各区一模试题汇编名著阅读【东城】8.名著阅读（3分）儒家经典《孟子》相传所作。
它长于言辞，善于用例。
《生于忧患，死于安乐》一文开头一连列举了六个历史人物在逆境中成长的例子，是为了阐明的观点；《鱼我所欲也》则用的事例，论证了即使普通人也有“舍生取义”之心的看法。
答案：孟子及其门人生于忧患（乞人）不受嗟来之食（共3分。
共3空，每空1分）【西城】8．名著阅读（3分）《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，收录了从西周到①时期的诗歌305篇，故也称“②”，这些诗歌分为“风”“雅”“颂”三个部分，其中《蒹葭》属于“风”“雅”“颂”中的“③”。
答案：春秋诗三百风（国风）评分标准：共3分。
共3空，每空1分，该空有错不得分。
【朝阳】8．名著阅读（3分）强调人的道德修养是儒家思想的重要组成部分，“己所不欲勿施于人”，孔子告诫我们要胸怀宽广，宽恕待人；①认为人都有“本心”，道义尊严比生命更为重要，《②》一文中的“舍生取义”和③的故事讲的都是这个道理。
答案：①孟子②鱼我所欲也③不受嗟来之食（行道之人和乞丐不接受施舍）（共3分。
每空1分，有错该空不得分）【海淀】8．名著阅读（3分）我国第一部诗歌总集《诗经》，收入自西周初年至春秋中叶五百多年的诗歌305篇。
先秦称为“诗”，或“诗三百”。
西汉时被①尊为经典，始称“诗经”。
《诗经》中的许多诗歌采用了起兴的表现方法，如《关雎》中“关关雎鸠，在河之洲”，就是以雎鸠起兴，引出淑女和君子；又如《蒹葭》中“②”，就是用③起兴，引出④。
答案：①儒家②蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜③蒹葭④伊人（共3分。
共4空，①②空，每空1分；③④空每空0.5分）【通州】8．名著阅读（3分）《论语》是①家学派的经典著作之一，由孔子的弟子及其再传弟子编撰而成。
记录了②的言行，集中体现了孔子的政治主张、道德观念、教育原则及学习方法等，如“礼让为国”、“见贤思齐”、“有教无类”。
关于学习方法的语录“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆”，阐述了③的辩证关系。
北京市17区县2012年中考一模语文试题分类汇总综合学习篇
北京市17区县2012年中考一模语文试题分类汇总综合学习篇北京市17区县2012年中考一模语文试题分类汇总总综合学习篇综合性学习篇01东城综合性学习(共10分) 今年正值雷锋逝世50周年，为响应校团委号召，深入理解雷锋精神，初三1班开展了“雷锋精神在我身边”的调查实践活动。
9.第一小组收集了两则材料，请你提取相关信息，说说学习雷锋的三个理由。
(3分)【材料一】雷锋在“少年儿童最喜欢的偶像、榜样”中的提名位次调查项目提名人次所占比率位次偶像1871.71%7榜样4784.7%1(数据来源：2012年3月6日中国青少年研究中心《少年儿童的偶像与榜样的12个特点》)【材料二】中宣部常务副部长雒树刚接受采访时说，在学雷锋活动中，大家对雷锋精神确实有不同的解读。
我想我们不能探究雷锋是怎么想的，但是有一个解释大家应该都认同：不管做什么职业，雷锋都一定要把它做好，这应该说是他的职业理想或者说是他的职业梦想。
所以，不管雷锋选择了什么岗位，或者说是组织上安排他到了什么样的岗位，他都把现在的岗位作为自己最大的职业梦想，而且一定要在这个岗位上成就自己的职业梦想。
雷锋精神为什么在今天仍然得到这么多青年人的推崇和爱戴，就在于雷锋永远是追求最好。
他把自己的职位和热爱祖国、为人民服务很好地结合起来了。
理由：⑴⑵⑶10.第二小组收集了网络上对于雷锋精神的不同理解，请分别概括他们的看法(每项不超过10个字)，并从中得出自己的理解。
(5分)歌唱家：学习雷锋不是说说而已，首先要有一个崇高的信仰。
学习他是我们小时候的事，那真是一段美好而又难忘的回忆!AC竹石：雷锋形象对中国来说是一笔巨大的社会财富，他是社会善的象征。
否定雷锋的形象，否定雷锋曾经的付出和奉献，对于中国来说是一个灾难。
国防社区：雷锋精神不只是乐于助人，其实更应提倡“螺丝钉”精神。
大家在平凡的岗位上兢兢业业就是在学雷锋，就是在为社会作贡献，这种常态化的奉献其实更具有现实意义。
2012年北京市各区中考一模语文基础知识汇编
2012年北京市各区中考一模语文基础知识汇编【东城】1.下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是 CA.拮据（jù）执拗（niù）着落（zhuó）满载而归（zǎi）B.追溯（sù）脊梁（jí）濒临（pín）贻笑大方（yí）C.绮丽（qǐ）粗犷（ɡuǎnɡ）解剖（pōu）高瞻远瞩（zhǔ）D.酝酿（rǎnɡ）淡薄（bó）祈祷（qǐ）茅塞顿开（sè）2.对横线处选填汉字的判断正确的一项是 BA. 意(恣，姿)判断：“恣”有“放纵，没有拘束”的意思，而“姿”有“容貌”的意思，所以横线处应填“姿”。
B.言简意（赅，骇）判断：“赅”有“完备”“全”的意思，而“骇”有“惊吓”“震惊”的意思，所以横线处应填“赅”。
C.滴水之恩，当泉相报（涌，踊）判断：“涌”有“冒出”的意思，而“踊”是“往上跳”的意思，所以横线处应填“踊”。
D.一叶目，不见泰山（障，嶂）判断：“障”有“阻隔”“遮挡”的意思，而“嶂”是“直立像屏障的山峰”的意思，所以横线处应填“嶂”。
3.下列病句修改正确的一项是 AA.无数成熟的树叶间的果子金黄火红。
修改：将“树叶间”移至“无数成熟”前，并删除一个“的”。
B进入二十一世纪以来，世界科技发展突飞猛进，中国的社会变革也在提高。
修改：将“突飞猛进”改为“提速”。
C.作为北京市区内面积最大、品种最多的郁金香展，在中山公园开幕。
修改：删除“面积最大、”。
D.我们将在河道两侧最大密度加大种树密度，提高城市绿化。
修改：将“种树密度”中的“密度”删去。
4.下列句子标点符号使用正确的一项是 DA.他问我是如何将宏大的历史浓缩在140分钟的音乐舞蹈史诗《复兴之路》之中的？B.语文学科考试以教育部制订的《全日制义务教育语文课程标准》为依据，以《课程目标》规定的内容为考试范围。
C.“诗有什么作用？”台湾美学家蒋勋说，“我常常觉得诗只是在最哀伤最绝望的时刻，让你有面对生命的平静”。
2012北京一模简答
2012中考英语北京模拟试题分类汇编1.2012昌平一模Have you ever bee n in a rain forest? There aren t' any in Europe but there are some in Africa, Asia and South America. I was in a rain forest on ce. It was hot and dark. It was also very wet.Water was falli ng from the leaves of the trees like rain. The ground was covered with dead leaves but there were thousa nds of new plants grow ing.The most excit ing plants were the large trees. Some were 50 meters high. I could only see little pi eces of blue sky through the leaves. All the trees had small plants grow ing on them, and some of these had beautiful, brightly colored flowers.It was very no isy. I could hear lots of birds. They were hard to see but I saw one gree n and red p arrot flying high above me. It was beautiful. The insects（昆虫）also made a lot of noise and I could feel them on my arms and legs.I did n ‘ see any mon keys. They were p robably slee ping high up in the treet op s. I did see a small sn ake on the gro un d. I hate sn akes so I walked quickly but carefully out of the forest.I would n like to live in a rain forest but I am happy that I could see one before they all disa pp ear from Earth.64.Has the writer bee n to a real rain forest?65.Were there many leaves or flowers on the ground?66.What did the writer see above his head?67.Why did the writer walk quickly and carefully out of the forest?68.How does the writer think of rain forests?2.2012朝阳一模If you drive in New Zeala nd, it is n ecessary for you to take a little time to lear n the road rules —for your own and others safety. There are a few things that you might find different from driving in your country. Here 'ssome in formati on to help make your drivi ng exp erie nee in New Zeala nd a safe and enjoyable one.Keep leftIn New Zeala nd, traffic travels on the left-ha nd side of the road and the driver sits on the right of the car. When you are turning, you should be careful to the left side. Remember to kee p your eyes on the road ahead. It is easy to draw your atte nti on to the beautiful p arts in New Zeala nd.Crossing “ Give Way ” ruleIf you 're turning, give way to all cars that are not turning. In all other situations, give way to cars crossing or coming from your right. One lane（行车道）bridgesMany roads in New Zeala nd have one lane bridges on them. At one lane bridges, cars travelli ng in one directio n must give way to cars going in the other directio n. Any of the sig ns （标志）show n in the left picture mea n that you are coming to a one lane bridge. Slow dow n and check for traffic coming the other way. The smaller arrow shows which directi on has to give way.Animals on the roadWatch out for farm ani mals on the road, esp ecially in the coun tryside. When you see them, pl ease slow dow n. You may n eed to stop and let the ani mals go p ast you or move slowly up beh ind and follow the farmer ' isstruct ions.SeatbeltsIt is a law that all the drivers must wear their seatbelts. If you are caught not weari ng your seatbelt, you will be fin ed.More informationInformation on road safety, including the New Zealand Road Code are available （可得至U的）by going to WWW .n t .nz or by phoning New Zeala nd Transport Age ncy 0800 699 000 or visit aa.co .nz.64.Does traffic travel on the left side of the road in New Zeala nd?65.What should drivers do whe n they see the sights in Picture 3 while driv ing?66.When do drivers n eed to follow the farmer s in struct ions?67.How many road rules in New Zeala nd are men ti on ed?68.What does the writer want to tell us?3.2012大兴一模Red Ribb on Week is held every year, usually duri ng the last week of October. It started with a p olice officer n amed —Kiki II Camarena. He was sent to Mexico in order to investigate调查）a Mexican drug company and stayed there for four and a half years. His efforts helped put a stop to several major drug making compani es. So the bosses wan ted to murder the men who brought them dow n. When Camare na left his office for a lunch date with his wife on February 7, 1985, a car drove up and kid napp ed（ W架） him, and a month later he was killed. At that time he was only 37 years old.Shortly after his death, people in Camarena s town began wearing red ribbons in his honor. Then Camarena s high school friend, Henry Loza no, started Camare na Club. Hun dreds of people joined the club and pro mised to be drug-free in order to honor the death of Camare na. And the n schools in several states bega n to join in. Now, at the end of every October, millio ns of America ns wear red ribb ons in memory of —Kiki II Camare na.iSo jnatio9i88R；eiefRibb on Week was foun ded in America.Red Ribbon Week has become the largest drug education and prevention organization in the United States. It en courages com mun ities to sta nd up aga inst drugs and it en courages childre n to make a pro mise not to take drugs in their life.64.Is Red Ribbon Week held at the end of October in America?65.How long did —Kiki II Camarena stay in Mexico?66.What did —Kiki II Camarena do there?67.Why do people wear red ribb on duri ng Red Ribb on Week?68.What ‘ the passage mainly about?4.2012东城一模So if you ‘ rtso busy, maybe it ‘ time you slowed down and enjoyed a meal with a friend. There has been a new trend（趋势）in food recently —getting away from fast food and moving toward —slow food II .For years, the pace of life was increasing for most people. They were too busy to cook. The trouble including buying, preparing and clea ning up after a meal was beco ming more bother tha n it was worth clearly. Luckily, there were smart bus in ess people who took the cha nee to p rovide a —fast II vt^yJeal with the p roblem. Almost over ni ght, you could drop by the sup ermarket and buy compi ete meals in p ackages. All you had to do was to heat it and you could be eati ng a delicious meal in 5 minu tes. Just add salt.Still too slow? OK, just drive your car up to the fast-food restaura nt, order your meal and with in 2 minu tes it will be han ded over to you with salt.The p roblem is health. Fast food has much more oil, salt and empty calories and far less vitam ins tha n food freshly prep ared at home. And so, since people have always wan ted to live Ion ger and healthier, a small but grow ing popu lati on is choos ing not only fresh food, but also orga nically（有机）grow n food —food that has nt’bee n grow n with chemical fertilizers（化肥）.Ano ther reas on for cha nges in eati ng habits is un doubtedly social. Over the cen turies, meal times have bee n used to visit, laugh and learn. That doesn fitwith today s lifestyle and many people are looking for ways to return to that.Goodbye McDon ald f sFin ally, there ‘s someth ing sp ecial about planning your meal, buying just the right in gredie nts（原料）and see ing something on your table that looks just like the picture in your recipe book（菜谱）.So if you ‘ reoo busy, maybe it s time you slowed dow n and enjoyed a meal with a friend.64.Do some people begin to enjoy —slow food II ?65.Why did people start eat ing fast food?66.Where can people get a meal in two minu tes?67. What i s meant by — GoocMyDonald ‘ s II?68. What are the adva ntages of food prep ared at home?5.2012房山一模The Internet has become one of the most imp orta nt p arts in our life. The Internet is a large, worldwide collectio n of compu ter n etworks.A n etwork is a small group of compu ters put together. The Intern et is many differe nt n etworks from all over the world. These n etworks are called the Intern et. Once you have lear ned to use the Intern et, you can have a lot of in terests in the World Wide Web. At the same time you will find it is helpful and your life is far more in terest ing tha n before.To know the Intern et, we are suppo sed to know the World Wide Web.The World Wide Web has bee n the most popu lar deve lopment of the Intern et. It is like a big electr onic book with millio ns of p ages.These p ages are called home pages. You can find in formati on about almost anything in the world on these p ages. For exa mple, you can use the Intern et i nstead of a library to find in formatio n for your homework. You can also find information about your favorite sports or film stars, talk to your friends or even do some shopping on the Intern et. Most p ages have words, pi ctures and even sound or music.E-mail is a tool people ofte n use through the Intern et.An e-mail is a way to send messages to others. It ‘ much quicker and chea per tha n sending a letter. If you want to send e-mails, you must have an e-mail address. This address must have letters and dots （ 点）and an — @|| （ meaning — at II This is what an address looks like: Emily @ star. net. Write a message, type in the person ‘ e-mail address, and then send the message on the Internet. People don ‘have to use stamps, envelopes or go to the post office since the invention of the Intern et.Quick, easy and interesting--that ‘the Internet!64. Is the Internet one of the most imp orta nt p arts in our life now?65. What is a network?66. What is the World Wide Web like?67. Why do people p refer sending an e-mail to po st ing a letter?68. What is the p assage mainly about?6.2012丰台一模How many text messages （短信）do you send a day? 10, 50 or over 100? Now sending text messages is part of our lives. But how does text ing affect our everyday lives?Accord ing to a study, young people p refer text-messag ing to talk with friends no matter where they are. They eve n want to do it un der the no ses of parents and teachers. It seems that some tee nagers just can ‘st op text ing. This could be bad for their studies and health. For exa mple, Ann, a 16-year-old girl from New York, lost feeli ng in her hands after sending over 100 texts a day from her mobile phone. She will have to have surgery （夕卜科手术 ）on her wrists （ 手腕）inorder to fix the p roblem. But text ing isn ‘all bad. It helps to make our lives better in some ways. Today many tee nagers greet each other on holidays by sending text messages in stead of writi ng paper cards.sefldl®gtiletelr s teaCbs»fme save my pocket money, II said Chen Qi, 16, a boy from Sichuan. -frie —liyibeitausjEot saves paper. IIText ing can improve relati onships betwee n young people and their paren ts. In the US, man parents send their kids texts in stead of shout ing at them. Some say texts are more frien dly tha n sp oke n messages. It ‘ also easier for tee nagers to acce pt them.Sending text messages is beco ming more and more popu lar. But whe n you send text messages, kee p the follow ing advice in mind:♦♦♦♦♦ Be po lite. Reply to people whe n they send you a message. It is good to let people know that you have received their messages.64. Is sending text messages part of our lives?65. What do young people like better, text-messagi ng or talki ng with each other?66. Why did Ann lose feeli ng in her han ds?67. What adva ntages of text ing are men ti oned in the p assage?Don ‘send text messages while riding a bike or walking along a busy street. It is dangerous. Don ‘send the same text message over and over again. If you haven ‘received a reply, send a different message. If you have someth ing really important to say, use the phone or make plans to meet in person rather tha n using a text. Try to kee p the text message short and make sure that your mea ning is clear.68.What is the p assage mainly about?7.2012海淀一模Lear ning to un dersta nd your mother well is what you should do. Here are the best ste ps towards a better relati onship with her. They are not n ecessarily surprising, but they have worked for many peop le. Try them.探Remember your mother ‘ ageAs children, we often do not think of our mother as having an age. Knowing our mother s age, not just in numbersof years but in terms of her p sychological and p hysical state, often helps us to un dersta nd her better.探Liste n to your motherI have found that sometimes the things my mother told me long ago are p retty useful. If you respect her point of view, even if you do not share it, it will help your mother feel close to you.探Ask your mother about your childhood historyIf you are lucky eno ugh to have livi ng family, thi nk of your life as a jigsaw pu zzle and ask as many questi ons as you can to put the picture together. Un dersta nding your roots and your childhood can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family which you share with your mother.Taking any measure to un dersta nd our mother is the topic of how we un dersta nd ourselves. We should follow the way of her life. When we are able to acce pt our mother —with all her faili ngs, we can un dersta nd her better and it can also help us to know about our shortco min gs. Remember that un dersta nding our mother is really about un dersta nding ourselves.64.Should we lear n to un dersta nd our mother well?65.What can help us un dersta nd our mother better?66.How do we make our mother feel close to us?67.Why do we ask our mother about our childhood history?68.What does the writer want to tell us?8.2012怀柔一模Lang Lang is one of the youngest and most famous pianists of our time. The New York Times said, -He is stunning.（令人震惊）II However, the story of Lang Langs life is much more interesting than this simple sentence.Lang Lang was born in 1982 in Shenyang, China. He was watch ing a Tom and Jerry carto on on televisi on whe n he first heard Wester nclassical music. He was only two years old the n. Lang Lang bega n tak ing piano less ons at the age of three. He won the first prize in the Shenyang Piano Competition only two years later. From then on, he won many awards.However, Lang Lang s success came at a p rice. His father was very strict with him. He was p ractici ng the piano while other childre n of his age were p lay ing games and havi ng fun. When Lang Lang was nine, his father quit his job and took him to Beiji ng. There, Lang Lang en tered the fin est music academy in China.At the age of just 17, Lang Lang got his big chanee. In August 1999, at a famous musical event in the USA, a pianist sudde niy fell ill. Lang Lang was chose n to p lay in p lace of that piani st. It was a great success and Lang Lang s life was cha nged forever.Today, Lang Lang gives about 150 p erforma nces a year. He has p layed with the greatest orchestras in the world and at huge events such asthe 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.Lang Lang says he is tha nkful to his parents because they have always en couraged and supported him.64.Is Lang Lang a famous piani st?65. Why is Lang Lang tha nkful to his paren ts?66. When did he win the first p rize in the Shenyang Piano Comp etiti on?67. How did Lang Lang get his big cha nee to cha nge his life?68. Accord ing to the p assage, what made Lang Lang successful?9.2012门头沟一模For many of us, the idea of a family is a lot narrower （ 变窄了 ）than it used to be. Today children go away to college, and take up jobs wherever cha nces seem greatest. So in stead of grow ing up in a family with grandparen ts, aun ts, un cles and cous ins, many of us are truly conn ected only to our parents and brothers.Many kids today know little of the lives of their relatives and don ‘ care dee ply about them. Whether we realize itor not, this feeli ng of being disc onn ected makes people feel a kind of Ion ely.— People n eed to feel conn ected,Brow ne, a doctor in the USA. — And they will do it in the easiest ways.could be easier than forming （形成）a connection to famous people?This isn fsomething unusual, of course. People cried when Mei Yanfang died in 2003. It harmless to feel that way. But that s unhealthy, because these relationships aren t'two-way.For that, we need to stay connected to our own families. We ll never turn back the clock to keep families from break ing. But parents can help by telli ng their childre n stories about their gra ndparen ts, aunts and cous ins, and by telli ng them the children ‘ latest activities and interests.We can use tech no logy to kee p conn ected with each other. It ‘ easy to sende-mails to gran ddad.Better yet, take a vacati on with members of your relatives — not with any other person. A week or soof relax ing vacatio n can be a greatway to tie up family ties. And whe n a bad thing happens, no one can be as helpful as your relatives. Because no matter how much we cry for the famous people, they can ‘ be there to cry for us.64. Are many of childre n truly conn ected only to their parents and brothers?65. How does this feeli ng of being disc onn ected make people feel?66. Where is Joy Brow ne from?67. What can we use to kee p conn ected with each other?68. What ‘ the main idea of the passage?10.2012平谷一模Acne （粉刺）is a very com mon skin disease. In fact it is the com mon est skin disease among peop le. Many tee nagers get acne. Usually it lasts only a couple of years and the n it disa pp ears. However, some people still have acne after the age of 20. And 5% of men over 50 still have acne. Acne— runs in the family f . So if your parents had had acne,get the disease too. And you n eed to look after your skin.What causes acne? Where does acne come from? The huma n body p roduces oil; this kee ps the skin and hair healthy. But at times the body produces too much oil. Then the oil closes the holes round the hairs on the face. If the holes are closed, spots app ear. This is called acne.The followi ng in formatio n will help you to know some truths about acne. • Some of your friends will say: f If you have acne, you mustn Acne is not caused by diet, so you can eat all your favourite foods.• — If I ‘ ve got bad acne, I should wash my face more often. un der theskin, not above the skin. II says J II When ea^TilIectednWer!t: aren ‘ natural and in most ways‘ t e at foods like chocolate and fried potatoes. hi ng the facWso n oit! Wasnswer. The p roblem lies—Luckily you can only get acne on your face. f Wrong! Peopte^^egena e nechest and back.So what can you do if you have acne? If you have bad acne,don t wear a tie; a tight collar（领子）around the neck usually makes the acne worse.if its a su'nny day, get out into the sun. Sunshine helps acne get better.see a doctor. Therse many safe skin creams for acne.if you have very bad acne, your doctor may give you p ills to take. This makes your body p roduce less oil.And try not to worry. Most acne will be over in two years. If it helps, think of the Mexica n hairless dog. It is the5•答）on ly ani mal that gets acne. And there are no doctors for Mexica n hairless dogs!64.Is acne a very com mon skin disease?65.How long does acne usually last?66.What causes acne?67.Where can people get acne?68.What is the p assage mainly about?11.2012顺义一模When my family moved to America in 2010 from a small village in Guan gdo ng, China, we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture. One of the rules is that young people should always respect elders. Uni uckily, this rule led to my very first embarrassme nt in the Un ited States.I had a p art-time job as a waiter in a Chin ese restaura nt. One time, whe n I was servi ng food to a middle-aged couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly. I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly. As soon as I said that, her face showed great dis pleasure. My man ager, who happened to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sen sitive（敏感）America ns are and how they dislike the description —old II . I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife. After the couple heimy reas on, they un derstood that the p roblem was caused by cultural differe nces, so they laughed and were no Ion ger an gry.In my village in China, people are proud of being old. Not so many people live to be seve nty or eighty, and people who reach such an age have the most kno wledge and exp erie nee. Young people always respect older people because they know they can lear n from their rich exp erie nee.However, in the United States, people think —growing old II is a problem since —old II shows tha' retire or that the body is not work ing well. Here many people try to kee p themselves away from grow ing old by doing exercises or joggi ng, and wome n put on make up, hoping to look young. When I told the couple in the restaura nt that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young. I had told them something they didn ‘want to hear.After that, I changed the way I had been with older people. It is not that I don ‘respect them any more; I still respect them, but now I don ‘show my feelings through words. ----By Jack64.Is Jack a boy from a small village in the US?65.Do people like or dislike to be called Jack ‘ hometbwh?n66.How did the couple feel whe n Jack called them —elderly II?67.Who in troduced the reas on p atie ntly to Jack?68.What should we lear n from Jack ‘ exp erie nee?12.2012西城一模In November of 1995, Leslie was work ing for the Dep artme nt of Social Services in North Caroli na. Her job is to take children out of dangerous home situations and place them in foster homes （寄养家庭）.During her first such task, Leslie saw that the childre n she had come to pick up were carry ing all of their things in p lastic bags. They did n ‘have suitcases （手提箱）for their clothes. Wanting to help these children, Leslie asked her mother if she could have the family s old suitcases to give to them.Leslie s 10-year-old sister Abby asked how many foster children there were in the area and found out that there were 300. Most of those children had to carry their things from place to place in plastic bags. Leslie s care and the thought of those 300 childre n made young Abby take action. Abby decided to ask people to give away their old suitcases to these foster childre n. She bega n making and hanging po sters, sp eak ing at churches, and ask ing other childre n for help. But after a few weeks, she had not received any ones. Abby decided to buy some suitcases with her mother s help. That s how Abby Burn side set up her p rogram, Suitcases for Kids. By March of 1996, Suitcases for Kids had collected and sent 175 suitcases to the foster childre n.Fin ally, Abby s efforts were no ticed by the media. Her story was in n ews papers and magaz ines and Abby app eared6on popular television shows. As the story became known, Abby s local chapter （分支机构）received more and more suitcases, until it collected4,000 suitcases in 1996. Soon, Abby was traveling to different states to help set up new Suitcases for Kids cha pters. By the end of 1996, there were Suitcases for Kids cha pters in 19 differe nt states. After two full years, Suitcases for Kids had set up chapters in all 50 states. By its sixth year, the little organization reached international attention, having chapters in more than ten countries. Now thousands of children around the world can carry their things in suitcases in stead of p lastic bags just because a 10-year-old girl decided one day that she just wan ted to he Ip.64.Was Leslie s work to help the foster children?65.What did the childre n use to carry their things at first?66.Why did Abby decide to take actio n?67.In which year did each state have Abby s chapters?68.What made Abby help the childre n successfully?13.2012延庆一模How fit are you? Do you look after yourself? Do you eat healthily or do you eat anything you like? Ast on Villa Football Club are en couragi ng their p layers and local childre n to eat healthy food. They know that what you eat is the key to success.Eating the right thingA good diet is a basic part of sport these days. Ast on Villa man ager Martin O Neill s sport and health exp erts, have chose n a secret wea pon— orga nic food （food grow n without chemicals）. Fit ness man ager Jim Henry eats with his pl ayers and said: —I chose to orga nic food for Ast on Villa becauseve read studies showing that orga nic food has higher levelsof vitam ins. He believes that the best way to get vitam ins is to eat the best fresh food.Eating after the matchHead chef at Ast on Villa, Lan Edge, feeds p layers with the best food as soon as they finish an away match. He says, ——Food is very imp orta nt to sp orts stars and p articularly after a game. There is an hour of opportunity whe n they n eed to eat to get the best muscle stre ngth. Teaching healthy eatingEvery one at Ast on Villa enjoys orga nic food at their trai ning ground. But the club is also worried about the un healthy diet among local childre n who p refer sweets and un healthy fast food. As part of their work in the com muni ty, Ast on Villa has opened up their kitche n and in vited childre n from local schools to their club. Villa midfielder, Nigel ReoCoker, visited the childre n on the opening day. —The kitche n is helping to deve lop a healthy way of life.A final word from the kitchenHead chef Ian says: —Footballers know how important food is to their pro fessi on and nine times out of ten, they gofo r the healthiest choice. II Do you watch your diet? If you do and you keep yourself healthy, you can be a winner!64.Is a good diet a basic part of sport these days?65.What s the best way to get vitam ins?66.When is the best time to feed p layers?67.Why has Ast on Villa in vited local children to their club?68.What does the writer want to tell us in the p assage?14.2012燕山一模Researchers find that people become happier and exp erie nee less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life tha n they were whe n they were eightee n years old.The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup （民意调查） Orga ni zati on questio ned them by tele phone in 2008. At that time, the people were betwee n the ages of eightee n and eighty-five. The researchers asked questi ons about emotio ns like happin ess, sad ness and worry. They also asked about men tal or emoti onal stress.Arthur Stone at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress werehighest among adults betwee n the ages of twen ty-two and twen ty-five. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached答）their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seve nties. The people least likely to report feeli ng n egative emoti ons were those in their seve nties and eighties.Researchers say they do no t know why happin ess in creases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more tha nkful for what they have and have better con trol of their emoti ons. They also spend less time thinking about bad exp erie nces.Professor Stone says the emoti onal p atter ns could be lin ked to cha nges in how people see the world, or maybe eve n cha nges in brain chemistry.The researchers also con sidered po ssible in flue nces like hav ing young childre n, being unempio yed or being sin gle. But they found that in flue nces like these did not affect the levels of happin ess and well-be ing related to age.The study also showed that men and wome n have similar emoti onal p atter ns as they grow older. However, wome n at all ages reported more sad ness, stress and worry tha n men.64.How many people were questio ned to do the survey?65.What were the questi ons in the survey about?66.Who were happier accord ing to the survey, people in their thirties or people in their sixties?67.Could havi ng childre n affect the levels of people s happin ess?68.What does the writer want to tell us?15.2012大兴Street art is sp readi ng quickly all over the world. You can find it on build ing, sidewalks and street sig ns from Tokyo to P aris.It is said that the movement（运动）began in New York in the 1960s. Young adults would use paint in special cans to put their words and other pictures on walls and train cars around the city. One well-known street artist（艺术家）is Swoon. She cuts out paper pictures of people and puts them on walls. Swoon didn t 'start her career（生涯）as a street artist. She studied art but, as time went on, got bored with the works she saw in museums and galleries（美术馆）.The people enjoyed Swoon s strong and interesting style.Street artists do their work for a reason. Some of them choose street art because it is closer to the peop le. Some artists try to express their political opinions in their works. Advertising companies also advertiseme nts. The New York dep artme nt store Saks Fifth Avenue recen tly used a street artist win dows and shopping bags.In today s world, artists can show their pictures to the people all over the world on theuse street art in theirS desig n for their sho pInternet. Many people,however, say that see ing a picture on the Internet is n ever as good as see ing it live. Street art lives with the en ergy and life of abig city. There it will continue to cha nge and grow.64.Did street art start from P aris?65.Where did the street artists paint at the beg inning?66.What did peo pie thi nk of Swoo n s street art?67.How did the dep artme nt store use street art?68.What does the writer mainly talk about in the last p aragra ph?16.2012 房山Many of us don t 'pay much attention to the importanee of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you cansurely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be give n a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in a nu mber one pl ace.There are several causes leadi ng to poor eyesight like not eno ugh food, genes （基因）and age. Televisi ons, compu ters andreadi ng are also the causes of havi ng poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of the compu ter, it is best to take a break everyonce in a while. Somethi ng dirty can cause redn ess and they will make you feel un comfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If thishappens, the best way is to clea n your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to p rotect your eyes from harmful thin gs.For exa mple, weari ng sun glasses can serve as a great way to p rotect8。
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字音【东城】1.下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A.拮据（jù）执拗（niù）着落（zhuï）满载而归（zǎi）B.追溯（sù）脊梁（jí）濒临（pín）贻笑大方（yí）C.绮丽（qǐ）粗犷（ɡuǎnɡ）解剖（pōu）高瞻远瞩（zhǔ）D.酝酿（rǎnɡ）淡薄（bï）祈祷（qǐ）茅塞顿开（sâ）【参考答案】C【西城】1．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A．哺育（fǔ）笨拙（zhuō）惩恶扬善（chãnɡ）B．狭隘（yì）粗犷（ɡuǎnɡ）茅塞顿开（sâ）C．游弋（yì）淡薄（bï）自给自足（jǐ）D．绮丽（qǐ）蓓蕾（lãi）忍俊不禁（jīn）【参考答案】C【朝阳】1．下列词语中加点字的读音有误的一项是（）A．蓓蕾(lěi) 哺育(bǔ) 联袂(mâi) 不屈不挠(náo)B．坎坷(kē) 伫立(zhù) 氛围(fēn) 斤斤计较(jiào)C．活泼(pō) 瞥见(piē) 粗犷(ɡuǎnɡ) 毛遂自荐(suì)D．倔强(juã) 恣意(zì) 狭隘(ài) 水涨船高(zhǎnɡ)【参考答案】B【海淀】1．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A．蓓蕾（bâi）和煦（xù）碰撞（chuànɡ）无边无垠（yín）B．拮据（jū）活泼（pō）执拗（niù）高屋建瓴（línɡ）C．胆怯（quâ）避讳（huì）允许（yǔn）买椟还珠（dú）D．倾注（qīnɡ）魁梧（wú）濒临（bīin）茅塞顿开（sài）【参考答案】B【丰台】1．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A.寒噤（jìn）绮丽（qí）妄自菲薄（fěi）B.笨拙（zhuï）蓓蕾（lěi）络绎不绝（yì）C.胆怯（qiâ）哺育（pǔ）刚正不阿（ē）D.庇护（bì）粗犷（guǎng）言简意赅（gāi）【参考答案】D【昌平】1．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A．即使(jí) 粗犷(guǎng) 扣人心弦(xuán)B．恣意(zì) 广袤(mào) 满载而归(zài)C．绮丽(qǐ) 坎坷（kē）恰如其分（fân）D．哺育(pǔ) 相宜（yí）杞人忧天(qǐ)【参考答案】B【通州】1．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的是（）A．蓓蕾(lãi）哺育（bǔ）络绎不绝（luî）B．霎时(shà) 瞥见（piē）刚正不阿(ā)C．星宿(xiù）广袤（mào）得陇望蜀（lǒnɡ）D．粗犷(kuànɡ) 拮据(jū) 中流砥柱(dǐ）【参考答案】C【房山】1．下列词语中加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）A．哺育（bǔ）称职（chânɡ）毛遂自荐(suì)B．粗犷（ɡuǎnɡ）豁达（huî）载歌载舞（zài）C．拮据（jū）活泼（pō）随声附和（hã）D．刹那（shà）惩罚（chãnɡ）厚此薄彼（bï）【参考答案】B字形字义【东城】2.对横线处选填汉字的判断正确的一项是（）A. 意(恣，姿)判断：“恣”有“放纵，没有拘束”的意思，而“姿”有“容貌”的意思，所以横线处应填“姿”。
B.言简意（赅，骇）判断：“赅”有“完备”“全”的意思，而“骇”有“惊吓”“震惊”的意思，所以横线处应填“赅”。
C.滴水之恩，当泉相报（涌，踊）判断：“涌”有“冒出”的意思，而“踊”是“往上跳”的意思，所以横线处应填“踊”。
D.一叶目，不见泰山（障，嶂）判断：“障”有“阻隔”“遮挡”的意思，而“嶂”是“直立像屏障的山峰”的意思，所以横线处应填“嶂”。
【参考答案】B【西城】2．对下列各组词语中加点字的解说正确的一项是（）A．安排——安适解说：两个“安”字意思相同，都有“安置”的意思。
B．求索——探索解说：两个“索”字意思相同，都有“寻求”的意思。
C．濒临——身临其境解说：两个“临”字意思相同，都有“靠近”的意思。
D．任性——任劳任怨解说：两个“任”字意思相同，都有“任凭”的意思。
【参考答案】B【朝阳】2．依据对下列各组词语中加点字的解释，判断词语意思都不正确的一项是（）A．期盼不期而遇解释：“期”有“盼望”的意思。
判断：“期盼”指期待，盼望；“不期而遇”指不盼望某人却正好遇见。
B．断言不言而喻解释：“言”有“说”的意思。
判断：“断言”指十分肯定地说；“不言而喻”指不用说就可以明白。
C．琐屑不屑置辩解释：“屑”有“琐碎”的意思。
判断：“琐屑”指琐碎；“不屑置辩”指事情太琐碎，不值得争辩。
D．顾客三顾茅庐解释：“顾”有“看”的意思。
判断：“顾客”指来商店看东西的人；“三顾茅庐”指多次到茅庐中看别人。
【参考答案】D【海淀】2．依据对下列各组词语中加点字的解释，判断词语意思都正确的一项是（）A．神气——心旷神怡解释：“神”有“精神”的意思。
判断：“神气”指精神饱满；“心旷神怡”指心情舒畅，精神愉快。
B．绝境——络绎不绝解释：“绝”有“走不通的；没有出路”的意思。
判断：“绝境”指没有出路的境地；“络绎不绝”指（人、马、车、船等）走的路走不通。
C．奥妙——莫名其妙解释：“妙”有“美妙”的意思。
判断：“奥妙”指深奥、美妙；“莫名其妙”指不知道它有多么的美妙。
D．强壮——自强不息解释：“强”有“力量大”的意思。
判断：“强壮”指力量大、健壮；“自强不息”指自己不断使自己力量大，永远不懈怠。
【参考答案】A【昌平】2．依据对下列各组词语中加点字的解释，判断词语意思都正确的一项是（）A.碧波——随波逐流解释：“波”有“波浪”的意思。
判断：“碧波”指碧绿色的波浪；“随波逐流”指随着波浪起伏，随着流水飘荡。
比喻没有主见，随着潮流走。
B.触及——触景生情解释：“触”有“接触”的意思。
判断：“触及”指接触到；“触景生情”指接触到当前的情景而产生某种感情。
C.较量——斤斤计较解释：“较”有“比较”的意思。
判断：“较量”指用竞赛或斗争的方式比较本领、实力的高低；“斤斤计较”形容过分比较微小的利益或无关紧要的事情。
D.淡薄——厚此薄彼解释：“薄”有“轻视”的意思。
判断：“淡薄”指冷淡、轻视；“厚此薄彼”指重视或优待一方，轻视或慢待另一方。
【参考答案】A病句【东城】3.下列病句修改正确的一项是（）A.无数成熟的树叶间的果子金黄火红。
修改：将“树叶间”移至“无数成熟”前，并删除一个“的”。
B进入二十一世纪以来，世界科技发展突飞猛进，中国的社会变革也在提高。
修改：将“突飞猛进”改为“提速”。
C.作为北京市区内面积最大、品种最多的郁金香展，在中山公园开幕。
修改：删除“面积最大、”。
D.我们将在河道两侧最大密度加大种树密度，提高城市绿化。
修改：将“种树密度”中的“密度”删去。
【参考答案】A成语俗语【西城】4．结合语境，在下列句子中的横线处填写词语正确的一项是（）①就要到达泰山山顶了，可原本拥有雄心壮志的同学们都累得纷纷停了下来，没有了动力。
张老师大声说道：“同学们，_________，大家要一鼓作气啊！”②一踏进学校大门，就能看见学校的校训——_________，它要求学生具有奋发图强、勇往直前的精神，具有自觉向上、永不松懈的态度。
A. ①句填“行百里者半九十”②句填“自强不息”B. ①句填“行百里者半九十”②句填“不屈不挠”C. ①句填“世上无难事，只怕有心人”②句填“自强不息”D. ①句填“世上无难事，只怕有心人”②句填“不屈不挠”【参考答案】A【朝阳】3．下列句子中加点的词语运用不正确的一项是（）A. 科学的巨大成就很多都是以大胆的幻想为出发点的。
科技工作者，需要有思想，敢于异想天．．．开．，才有可能成为杰出的科学家。
B. 在学校的诗歌鉴赏研讨会上，一位著名诗人进行了精彩的演讲，既有班门弄斧．．．．的谦逊，又有旁征博引的渊博，受到了同学们的热烈欢迎。
C. 书到用时方恨少．．．．．．．，有些人在参加工作以后才发现自己所学是那么不足，感叹自己在上学时没有能注意积蓄足够的学识与能力。
D. 中美两国在一些问题上出现纷争，这是正常的。
我们“不能一叶障目，不见泰山．．．．．．．．．”，应该看到对话与合作仍是两国关系的主流。
【参考答案】B【顺义】3．下列句中加点的词语使用有误的一项是A.大运会开幕式的设计都很完美，尤其是“春天的故事”和最后的点火环节，更是美轮美奂，令人叹为观止．．．．。
B. 上一次的金融风暴席卷全球，各行业经济损失严重，这其中以银行业首当其冲．．．．。
C.殊不知，磨刀不误砍柴工．．．．．．．，写作前先行设计好写作提纲，可以使写作事半功倍。
D.俗话说“吃一堑长一智．．．．．．”，只有铭记历史，中华民族才能自我认知，自我奋斗，自我保护。
【参考答案】D关联词【海淀】3. 在下面语段中，依次填入关联词语最恰当的一项是（）天才与常人在智力上有区别，在非智力方面有区别。
通常情况下，在非智力方面，天才往往表现出一种强烈的使命感，也许他自己也说不清这使命感究竟是什么，始终存在着，通过其言行体现出来，这种使命感就是他对自己生命的责任心。
A. 如果就与其不如B. 不是而是只要就C. 不仅也但是并且D. 因为所以既然就【参考答案】C【门头沟】3．在下面语段中，依次填入关联词最恰当的是（）年轻的朋友，你百般不如意，万事不顺心，你可以有一千种理由苦闷、埋怨，不能有一种理由让你放弃理想和追求，你毕竟年轻，美丽的青春仍牢牢在握，希望属于你，这个世界属于你！A．虽然然而而且B．纵使但是因为C．假如那么所以D．只要虽然但是【参考答案】B【昌平】3．在下面语段中，依次填入关联词语最恰当的一项是学生的差异是客观存在的，正确认识学生差异是实施素质教育的前提。
差异是客观存在的，我们不能用一把尺子衡量所有的学生，要承认差异、尊重差异、因材施教，使每个学生都能得到发展。
A.即使也而是B.因为就所以C.假如就那么D.既然就而是【参考答案】D【怀柔】3. 在下面语段中，依次填入关联词语最恰当的一项是（）对于恶搞杜甫，人们意见不一，由于杜甫的意外走红，让更多的人开始关注诗歌，知道今年是这位大诗人1300年诞辰。
A.虽然但是并B.尽管而且所以C.因为所以并且D.既然但是而且【参考答案】A【燕山】3. 在下面语段中，依次填入关联词语最恰当的一项是没有特效，没有英雄，没有煽情，就这样像细无声的春雨般湿润了我们的心田。