wind_to_battery
bms电路工作原理
bms电路工作原理Battery Management System (BMS) is an essential part of a lithium-ion battery pack, which is widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. It serves to monitor the state of the battery, control various parameters such as voltage and temperature, and protect the battery from overcharging, overdischarging, and overheating. BMS plays a critical role in ensuring the safety, performance, and longevity of the battery pack.BMS电路是锂离子电池组的一个重要部分，被广泛应用于电动汽车和储能系统中。
它的作用是监测电池的状态，控制诸如电压和温度等各种参数，并保护电池免受过充、过放和过热的危害。
BMS在确保电池组的安全性、性能和使用寿命方面起着至关重要的作用。
From a technical perspective, BMS operates by continuously monitoring the voltage, current, and temperature of each individual battery cell within the pack. It uses sophisticated algorithms to determine the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of the battery, allowing it to make precise decisions about charging and discharging. Additionally, BMS may incorporate features such as cellbalancing, where it equalizes the charge among individual cells to ensure their longevity and uniform performance.从技术角度来看，BMS通过持续监测电池组内每个单独的电池单体的电压、电流和温度来运行。
FutabaT8FG中文说明书完整版
FutabaT8FG中⽂说明书完整版Futaba T8FG中⽂说明书完整版FUTABA○ R 8FG SUPER 14-CHANNEL RADIO CONTROL SYSTEM FASST-2.4GHz Multi-ch/7-ch mode selectable 途⽤DE 负业Y- ⾃商CR 果禁后严L BY 者，VI 违流交习学供仅INSTRUCTION MANUAL C0682 1M23N22209前⾔：、、经过⼏个⽉的努⼒，FUTABAT8FG 英⽂版说明书关于《基础操作》《接收机与舵机的连接》《连接菜单功能》、《附录》的章节终于翻译完成了。
当初起⼼翻译该说明源⾃我在5IMX 发的⼀个帖⼦，⼤意是号召⼤家将本说明拆分，动⽤群体⼒量各⾃翻译⼀部分再整合成⼀本全中⽂化的说明书，可惜响应者寥寥趋近于⽆。
其实，那个时候我连该遥控器都没有！后来，我购⼊了亚拓600EFLPRO，但遥控器还是没钱买。
当时纠结于10CG与T8FG，最终选择了T8FG！不过，想要购⼊还得等段时间！那段时间，我在⽹上不停的寻找T8FG的中⽂说明。
可惜，除了戴东官先⽣翻译的25 页版本的以外，其余的⼤多是发帖说要翻译，结果后来杳⽆⾳讯。
想等现成的看来不⾏了。
途于是，我就想着把该说明书给翻译成中⽂的，在⾃⼰的T8FG到⼿后能有个中⽂说明书读读。
⽤DE 负业再于是，就开始了这项现在令我极度后悔与抓狂的⼯程。
因为我的英⽂⽔准很⼀般，为了翻译，所以将英⽂版的说明书打印出来，准备先在纸上翻译后再转到电脑上。
可翻译了5 页以后发现⾃⼰都看不清上⾯写的什么了。
Y-⾃商⽆奈只好坐在了电脑前重新开始这项⼯程。
由于⽹上英⽂PDF 版说明书已加密，所以其中内容⽆法进⾏编辑，CR 果禁只能采⽤截图加PHOTOSHOP 修改的⽅式获得图⽚内容。
⾄于⽂字，因为有了陈巍强MONEYCWQ先⽣翻译的FUTABA后严12FG 遥控器说明书在前，⽽T8FG和12FG 功能与说明⼜差不多。
USERS’MANUAL WIND TURBINE GENERATOR SYSTEM说明书
USERS’MANUALWIND TURBINE GENERATOR SYSTEM(2008-8-16)2Warnings:●This guide has been carefully checked by engineers of Yangzhou Shenzhou Wind-driven Generator Co.,Ltd.●Please excuse from specification alterations without notice.●It is required to comply with the local law,regulation or the permission from local government before installing WTGS.●Only under no wind weather should proceed with the installation,maintenance and dismantling of WTGS.●The installation of wind turbine generators including mechanical and electrical equipment should be operated by professional personnel.Special attention should be paid also.●Color or figuration of pictures might be varied against physical goods.●Two-year warranty is offered with inverter six months since the purchasing date (natural disaster or case of force majeure should excluded from the warranty).●Please do not leave the wind turbines working under the unload state (eg.Without connecting with battery bank)●Please do not dismantle the inner structure of wind turbines until get any instructions from us.Any personal actions without our hints to dismantle should be excluded from the rights of warranty.SW G3Distinguished end users,We are appreciating your purchase of WTGS developed by Yangzhou Shenzhou Wind-driven Generator Co.,Ltd.What we offer to you are wind turbine generators that are with the advantages of easy installation,stable performance and strong service durability.These WTGS have been sold to more than sixty countries with the total sales volume 40,000sets.Engaged in manufacturing wind turbine generators since 1996，we target at developing and selling wind turbines for civil use and small-scale industry.Our products have received wide welcome from both home and abroad customers.Based on the appliance of excellent materials such as Nd-Fe-B,aluminum alloy,carbon fiber etc.and progressive exterior design and technical level,our products have been receiving wide welcome from customers home and abroad.Please indulge yourself in the infinite convenience that brought to you by utilizing wind power.If you have any questions,please refer to this manual or consult the distributors.Yangzhou Shenzhou Wind-driven Generator Co.,LtdAddress:Xinhe Industrial Park,Xiannv Town,Jiangdu City,Jiangsu Province,China Postal code:225267Phone:0086-514-86292873/86290068Fax:0086-514-86290873URL:SW G4ContentsModels&specification table---------------------------------------------------------------------5 Wind turbine generator constituent diagram-----------------------------------------------------------6 Wind turbine generator installation------------------------------------------------------------------8 Battery configuration specification-------------------------------------------------------------------14 Electrical wiring-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 Maintenance----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------20 How to disconnect wind turbine generator system------------------------------------------------22 FAQS------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23S WG51.Models &specification tableThe manual is applied to the following wind turbine generators:ModelFD2.1-200FD2.5-300FD2.7-500FD3.0-1000FD3.6-2000Rated power (W)20030050010002000Rated voltage (V)24242448120Rotor diameter (M) 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.7 3.2Start-up wind speed (m/s)32.5222Rated wind speed （m/s ）67899Security wind speed (m/s)3535353535Ratedrotatingspeed （r/m ）450400400400400Blade material fiber glass fiber glass fiber glass fiber glass fiber glass Blade No.33333Suggested batterycapacity12V100AH*212V150AH*212V200AH*212V200AH*412V200AH*10ModelFD4.0-3000FD6.4-5000FD8.0-10000FD12.0-20000Rated power(W)300050001000020000Rated voltage(V)240240240360Rotor diameter(M) 4.5 6.48.010.0Start-up wind speed(m/s)2222Rated wind speed （m/s ）10101012Security wind Speed (m/s)45452545Rated rotating speed （r/m ）22020018090Blade material Fiber glass Fiber glass Fiber glass Fiber glass Blade No.3333Suggested batterycapacity12V200AH*2012V300AH*2012V400AH*2012V600AH*30SW G62.Wind turbine generator constituent diagram2.1Constituent diagram for wind turbine 2KW and below:Note:The actual packing contents are not represented by the above diagram.Please refer to the packing list for the contents you have ordered.SW G2.2Constituent diagram for wind turbine3KW and above:GS WNote:The actual packing contents are not represented by the above diagram.Please refer to the packing list for the contents you have ordered.783.Wind turbine generator installation3.1Tower assemblyFirstly,choose installation yard.Wind turbine generator should be installed as high as possible to a certain extent to be far away from the obstacles in order to obtain relatively strong wind speed.Meanwhile,the soil quality of installing site should be taken into consideration.Please avoid installing wind turbine generator systems on soft sands,uneven ground or areas where the ground can be easily influenced by the climates.The distancebetween the battery bank and the site of installing wind turbine generator should be also taken into consideration.The shorter the distance is,the shorter the transmitting cables will be involved.Thus,there will be less power that will be wasted during the process of transmission.If the distance is longer,we do recommend you having much thicker standard cables in order to prevent any power waste.Please refer to the tower users ’manual for tower assembly.After tower assembling,please position the upper section of tower on the stand (please refer to the following pic.).The height for the tower is 1m to 1.5m for the sake of installing turbines easily.SW G93.2Procedures to assemble the wind turbine generator.(1)To elicit the generator cables with cables for anemoscope and dogvane (anemoscope and dogvane for 3KW &above models)from the tower bottom to the tower end by using the thin steel wires.(2)Hang up the wind generator by crane or chain block together with triple-angle stand.Make sure the generator axis face above and adjust the generator to make it near to the upper flange of tower upper section.(3)<For 2kw &2kw below models>connect the cables to the three output wires from the generator (three-phase wires,without identifying positive and negative electrodes).(4)<For 3kw &3kw above models>there are three thicker cables from the generator making “To turbine ”.Connect these three wires to the generator rear terminal marking “generator input ”(three-phase wires,without identifying positive and negative electrodes).Connect the two thinner cables (marking “Signal Out+”and “Signal out-”)to the single terminals with positive +and negative -.Elicit the dogvane cable from the dogvane position hole and insert the aviation plug from the cable into theSW G10terminal of dogvane bottom.And then position the dogvane to the generator by bolts (Please refer to the following pic.).Special attention needs to be paid to the position of installing dogvane.Make sure that the five holes are successfully positioned before screwing the bolts.After finished the cable connection and dogvane installation,fix up the cables by the rubber plate inside the generator (please refer to the following pic.)SW G11(5)Adjust the height and position of the generator to make sure the gyro flange aiming at the upper flange of tower,and then screw all the bolts (not screw deadly).Finally screw all the bolts deadly.(6)Position the blade hub to the generator axis (blade hub for 3KW &3KW has already been installed on the generator).Special attention should be paid to the flat key to be aimed at the pit on hub.(7)Blade installation.Make note that the concave face of blades is towards wind.Cover the press plate and screw the bolts.Special attention should be paid to the blade balance when install the blades.First,do not screw the bolts deadly,adjust the blades to make sure the equal distance between the blade tips and then screw the bolts deadly (Please refer to the following pic.)SW G12Make sure L1=L2=L3(allowed difference:±5mm).Screw the bolts according to the following orderafter finishing adjustment.Please choose torque wrench when screw the bolts for blades,please refer to the following table for theSW G13according torqueModel Required torque （Nm ）200W,300W 15±1500W,1KW,2KW 30±13KW,5KW,10KW,20KW50±1※Please following the above regulation when installing the blades.Any mistakes result in blade or hub broken due to not following the regulation will be excluded from our responsibility.(8)Install the front nose cone.Note:it is required to install the rear nose cone for 3KW,5KW and 10KW.(9)<2KW &2KW below models>Install the tail vane onto the end of the tail rod on the ground,and then install the tail rod with tail vane onto the generator.Insert the axis pin and screw the bolts (Attention:put on the taper liner).※Notes:The tail rods for 2KW &2KW below models are designed to have the distortion at the end,please do not revise it.(9)<3KW &3KW upper models>Please thread the anemoscope able into the anemoscope pole,and then insert the aviation plug on the anemoscope terminal (Attention:the holes of anemoscope plug should be perfectly matched).Position the anemoscope on the anemoscope bracket by bolts.The place where anemoscope will be installed should be square and near the wind turbine generator.It should be vertical against the ground with the height less than the generator.3.3Tower erectionPlease refer to the users ’manual for tower for the detailed tower erecting procedures.SW G144Battery configuration specificationsBattery bank should be put in a building where is broad and ventilated with stable temperature and dry air.According to the output voltage of the battery to decide the number of battery and choose a way to connect them in series or in parallel,and then design the shelf to place batteries,controller and inverter.To connect batteries in parallel or series,according to the requested capability and voltage,and greased all the wire heads with butter or other anti-corrosion material.To avoid the interference of electro magnet,the lead between battery and controller should be less than 3meters.As the suggested battery capability of all models of wind turbine generator,please refer to the model and parameter table.The means of linking battery in series:Connect the anode of one battery to the cathode of the other in consecutive.The graph as follow (the red position is the anode of the battery,and the blue position is the cathode of battery)The means of linking battery in parallel:connect the anode of one battery to the anode of the other,and the cathode of one battery to the cathode of the other.The graph as follow (the red position is the anode of battery,and the blue position is the cathode of battery)SW G15※As the notices and instructions of battery,please refer to the battery manual.SW G165.Electrical wiring5.1Off-grid solution (please refer to the followingdiagram).Make sure that the voltages among the wind turbine output,battery bank and inverter input should be the same.Please do not mistakenly connect the position cathode and the negative cathode,whichSW G17might burn down the generator,batteries or inverter.5.1.1Connection procedure(1)<3KW &3KW upper models>Connect the signal cables to the signal terminals on controller (Attention to differentiate the positive cathode and negative cathode);Insert the plug of anemoscope cable into the anemoscope terminal on controller.And then connect the controlling signal cables to controller;(2)Connect negative cathode of the DC output on controller with the negative cathode of battery;(3)Connect positive cathode of the DC output on controller with the positive cathode of battery;(4)Connect the three wires from generator to the terminals for generator on controller (not need to pay attention to the wire color.Three-phase output,not need to differentiate the positive and negative cathode);(5)Switch off the inverter,and then connect the negative cathode of battery bank to the inverter ’s;(6)Connect the positive cathode to the inverter ’s;(7)Turn on the inverter,and then connect the household appliance to the inverter.Switch off the inverter when you finish the usage;※If there is any requirement for the DC,you can connect directly to the battery or connect to the DC output terminal on controller (not all the models have the DC output terminals).SW G185.2On-grid solution (please refer to the followingdiagram).SW GOn-grid connection should follow the local law permission.And on-grid inverter should be purchased by the customers;※Please see the users’manual of controller for3KW&3KW upper models when connecting the 3KW&3KW upper modelsGS W19206MaintenanceTo maintain the whole system smooth operation,we need to carry on the inspection andmaintenance regularly for wind-driven generator,because its condition maybe extremely bad or even possible to meet all kinds of complex weather condition.6.1Notes:(1)To check the tower cable whether too loose or too tight and do adjustment in time,especially at theinitial stage of installation or after suffering the heavy wind.(2)We should pay attention to the maintenance electrolyte altitude of the batteries,if reduced,increasepromptly.For the concrete method,please refer to the users’manual of the batteries.(3)Before suffering the storm or execrable weather,we do suggest to take the tower down in order toavoid the unpredictable loss.(4)In order to prevent any unpredictable loss,we do recommend laying down the tower before the storm or any adverse weathere.6.2Maintenance schedule(Please refer to the following table)No.Item AfterWinter AfterStormPer year Per fiveyearsPer tenyears1Check blades:look for cracks orabnormal bends.If you locate anydamage caused by storms or weather,replace the blades as using damagedor unbalanced blades will compromisethe efficiency and lifetime of thewindmill.√√√2Grease ball bearings.√√3If it is guyed cable tower,check forcable tension and adjust as needed.√√√4Check to see if nuts and bolts haveremained tight on mill and tower.√√5Check electric power cables forcorrosion and damage.If you detect√√S WGany abnormal corrosion,replacecables.√6Check state of the rotor for abnormaltear and wear.If needed,replace orretool to ensure proper functioning.7Replace gaskets.√√8Paint touch up areas with weatherdamage.9Replace blades with new set of blades.√√10Replace electric power cables goingfrom windmill to converter/controller.GS W7How to disconnect wind turbine generator system(1)Only under no wind weather can proceed with the disconnection of wind turbine generator system.And turn off the inverter switch.(2)<3KW &models above 3KW>Wind turbine 3KW and aboveFirstly,shut down the wind turbine generator.We could set the switch as manual on the operation board,and then press the button of clockwise or reversal,until the blades face to the wind in 90degrees,to realize the generator shutdown.When the blades stop rotate,disconnect the link of the three output wire with the controller,then make a short circuit to avoid the blades to continue to rotate.Press again the clockwise or reversal button to make sure the blades backward to the direction of the earth to prevent from the damage of blades when put down the generator.Disconnect the link of the signal wires,dogvane and anemoscope with the controller.(3)<2KW &models below 2KW>disconnect the link between the three output cables and controller,and then make a short circuit of the three cables.(4)Disconnect the link between battery and controller.(5)Disconnect the link between inverter and battery.S W G8FAQS1.Why doesn't the electric equipment work normally after it is connected to the system?Please check the left energy of batteries,for the equipment can't work smoothly if the energy is not enough.But if the energy is enough,make sure whether the wiring between batteries and inverter is correct.2.Why can't the batteries be charged?Check whether the blades are turning or not,because the generator has no output at too high or too low wind speed.But if the blades are running normally,please disconnect the cables of batteries and inverter at first,then check the output of the generator with a voltage meter.If the output is in gear,please examine the batteries are ok or not,if the output is zero,please check the cable of the generator.3.Why can't the blades turn at a normal wind speed?If the output wire of the generator is connected short,the blades don't work,please disconnect the cables of batteries and inverter,and then check the generator's cable.4.Whether can the using time of electro-equipment be prolonged through enhancing the capacity of the batteries?If the suggested batteries capacity is added,it will cause the batteries to be a situation of lacking energy in a long time,which will influence the life-span of batteries and lead waste.5.The generator of 3KW and above can't automatic follow the wind direction.1)Check the anemoscope is broken or not.Method:observe the controller to make sure whether it can show the wind speed or not.2)Check the dogvane is broken or not.Method:pull out the plug of the dogvane from the controller,andyou will see three lines with the mark of 1,2,3.Measure the resistance of 1and 2with the multimeter,S W Git should be about1000Ω.And then measure the resistance of1and3,2and3respectively.The both of figures should be equal to the figure of1and2.3)If the above checked result is normal,then ensure that the controller board is set on the automaticsituation.Otherwise,it can't automatic follow the wind direction.If like this,it still can't follow the wind direction,maybe because the wind speed is too low.Only when the wind speed is more than3m/s and keeps the speed more than30seconds,can it follow the wind direction and change the angle of facing wind.GS W。
大学英语四级词汇(带例句、音标)
大学英语四级词汇1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更(例) These clothes are too large; they must be altered.这些衣服太大,得修改.2.burst vi.,n. 突然发生,爆裂例)They burst out laughing. 他们突然大笑起来. 搭配)a burst of laughter 突发的笑声3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)(例)We have to dispose of this pile of old papers and magazines. 我们得把这堆旧报纸和杂志处理掉(例)Man proposes. God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天.4.blast n. 爆炸;气流 vi. 炸,炸掉(例)The blast from the bomb blew out all the windows in the area. 炸弹爆炸的冲击波震破了这个地区的所有窗户.(例)They've blasted away the rock to build the new road.他们已炸掉这块岩石以便修一条新的路.5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽(例)His old car consumed much gasoline. 他的旧汽车耗油很多.6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的(例)We split the wood into long thin pieces. 我们把木头劈成长长的薄片.7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃(例)He spat into the river. 他把痰吐到河里8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出(例)I spilt the coffee - it spilt all over my book.我洒了咖啡,溅了我一书.9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略(例)She slipped on the wet floor and fell.她滑倒在湿地板上了.10.slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯片(例)She fell over and slid across the shiny floor.她跌倒了,滑过了发亮的地板.(例)have a slide on the ice 在冰上滑行11.bacteria n. 细菌12.breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔(例)The islanders are a strong breed of people.这些岛上的居民是一种体格强壮的人.(例)Some animals will not breed in cages.有些动物在笼子里不产崽.13.budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排(搭配)a government budget 政府预算(例)We should learn how to save money by budgeting .我们应该通过安排开支而节省钱14.candidate n. 候选人(例)He offers himself as a candidate for the chairman. 他自荐为主席候选人. 15.campus n. 校园(搭配)在校园中 on campus16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的(例)17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换(例)She transformed the room by painting it.她油漆了房间使它为之一新.18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递(例)The World Cup final is being transmitted live to over fifty countries. 世界杯决赛现正向五十多个国家作实况转播.19.transplant v. 移植(例)The doctor succeeded in transplanting a kidney from one twin to another. 医生成功地把孪生儿之一的肾脏移植到另一人身上.20.transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具(例)The goods were transported by train. 货物是用火车运来的.21.shift v. 转移;转动;转变(例)The wind shifted to the north. 风转向北吹.(例)Shall I shift the chairs 我把椅子移动一下好吗22.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化(例)The weather varies from day to day. 天气一天天变化.23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见(例)I thought it would rain, but the clouds have vanished and it's a fine day. 我原以为天要下雨的,可是云消失了,是个好天.24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子(例)She swallowed some milk. 她咽下几口牛奶.25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心(例)Suspicion crept into his mind. 不由得他不产生怀疑.(搭配)above suspicion 无可置疑under suspicion受到怀疑26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的(例)I am suspicious of that woman.我很怀疑那位妇女d a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的(例)The weather is mild today;it is neither hot nor cold.今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热.28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的(例)a tender mother 慈母 a tender expression on her face她脸上温柔的表情 tender flowers 柔弱的花朵29.nuisance n.讨厌(的人或事物)(例)What a nuisance! I've forgotten my ticket.真讨厌,我忘记带票了.30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的;无价值的(例)in-无+significant 有意义的,意义深长的--〉无关紧要的;无用的31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进(例)No one knows how to accelerate the rate of growth. 没人知道如何提高生长率.32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的(例)You are an absolute fool! 你是个十足的傻瓜!33.boundary n. 分界线,边界(例)这道栅栏是我的地和她的地的分界线.34.brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住(车)(例)His brakes failed on a steep hill. 他的车闸在陡峭的山坡失灵了.35.catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目(例)It is the catalog of all the books in the library. 这就是图书馆里所有书籍的目录.36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的(例)a vague idea 模糊的想法(例)He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.我问他出了什么事时,他一无所知.37.vain n. 徒劳,白费(例)All our work was in vain. 我们所有的工作都白费了.38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的(例)Some of the species of birds are extinct. 有几种鸟类已经绝种了.39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的(例)What an extraordinary idea! 多么离奇的想法!40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因(例)My agent has power to sign my name. 我的代理人有权代我签字.(例)Rain and sun are the agents which help plants to grow.雨水和太阳是促使植物成长的因素.42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精(例)I never touch alcohol. 我从不饮酒.43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求(例)The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁每个人节约用水.44.appreciate vt. 感谢,赏识,欣赏(例)I appreciate your help. 我感谢你的帮助.(例)Do you appreciate good wine 你会鉴赏好酒吗45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准(例)I don't approve of smoking. 我不赞成抽烟.(例)My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes.我的父母不准许我吸烟.46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励(例)Praise always stimulates him to make greater efforts. 表扬能激励他更加努力.47.acquire vt. 取得,获得;学到(例)She acquired a knowledge of the English by careful study.她认真学习而精通英语.48.accomplish vt .完成,到达;实行(例)I accomplished two hours' work before dinner.我在吃饭前完成了两小时的工作.(例)to accomplish a purpose 达到目的work n. 网状物;广播网,电视网;网络(例)a network of railroads 铁路网50.tide n. 潮汐;潮流(例)The tide is down. 潮退了.(搭配)swim/go with with the tide 顺应潮流,随波逐流51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的(例)What a tidy room! 多么整洁的房间呀!52.trace vt. 追踪,找到 n. 痕迹,踪迹(例)They traced the criminal to a house in the city.他们追踪罪犯到了城里的一座房子里.(例)They searched the building but did not find any trace of the criminal. 他们搜查了这座楼房,可是没有发现罪犯的一点踪迹.53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨(例)She died under torture. 她受严刑拷打致死.54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛(例)The children wandered in the woods. 孩子们在森林里漫步.55.wax n. 蜡(例)Candles are made from wax. 蜡烛是蜡做的.56.weave v. 织,编(例)I wove a mat. 我编了一张席子.57.preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持(例)The Town Council spent a lot of money to preserve the old castle.市政委员会花了不少钱来维修那座古城堡.(例)You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 你可以用盐保存肉或鱼.(例) It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order.警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序.61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待;谩骂(例)He was charged of abusing a privilege. 他因滥用特权而被起诉.62. academic a. 学术的;高等院校的;研究院的(例)The question is purely academic. 这是一个纯学术性的问题.63. academy n. (高等)专科院校;学会(例)an academy of music 音乐学院(例)Academy Award 金像奖64. battery n. 电池(组)(例)Our bus won't start because the battery is flat. 我们的大客车发动不起来了,因为电池坏了.65. barrier n. 障碍;棚栏(例)The police put a barrier across the road. 警察设了路障.66. cargo n. (船,飞机等装载的)货(例)We sailed from Perth with a cargo of raw ion. 我们装着一船生铁从佩思启航.67. career n. 生涯,职业(例)My grandfather was a career teacher; it's the only job he'd ever done.我祖父教了一辈子书,教书是他所干过的唯一的工作.68. vessel n. 船舶;容器,器皿;血管(例)There were many vessels in the harbor today. 今天港口有许多船只.(例)A pot is a vessel for holding food. 锅是盛食物的器皿.69. vertical a. 垂直的(例)Walls are usually vertical. 墙通常是垂直的.70. oblige v. 迫使,责成;使感激(例)The police obliged him to leave. 警方强迫他离开.71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊(例)Is the meaning still obscure to you 你觉得意思仍然不清楚吗72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度(例)I agree with you to some extent. 我部分地同意你.(例)What is the extent of your garden 你的花园有多大73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的(例)Paint the exerior walls of the house. 给房子的外墙刷漆.74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的(例)External causes become operative through internal causes.外因通过内因而起作用.75. petrol n. 汽油76. petroleum n. 石油77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁(例)The letter was delayed three days by the train accident. 这次火车事故使这封信耽搁了三天.78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽(例)Sugar can decay the teeth. 糖能蛀蚀牙.79. decent a. 像样的,体面的(例)a decent house 一所像样的房子80. route n. 路;路线;航线(例)We came by a longer route than usual. 我们走了一条比通常要长的路来的.81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏 n. 毁灭,[pl.]废墟(例)She poured water all over my painting, and ruined it. 她把水全倒在了我的画上,把画毁了.(例)We saw the ruins of the church. 我们看见了这座教堂的废墟.82. sake n. 缘故,理由(例)Never do wrong for the sake of money. 绝不要为金钱而做坏事.(搭配)for the sake of 为了…好处;为…着想,为了…缘故83. satellite n. 卫星(例)They receive television pictures by satellite. 他们通过人造卫星接收电视图像.84. scale n. 大小,规模;等级;刻度(例)They are preparing for war on a large scale. 他们正在大规模地备战.85. temple n. 庙宇86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的,(例)The work is tedious. 这工作令人厌倦.87. tend vi.易于,趋向(例)People under stress tend to express their full range of potential. 处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力.88. tendency n.趋向,趋势(例)Prices continue to show an upward tendency. 物价呈持续上升趋势.89. ultimate a.最大的,最终的 n. 极端(例)What's your ultimate objective 你的最终目标是什么90. undergo v. 经历,遭受(例)91. abundant a. 丰富的,充裕的,大量的(例)Iraq is abundant in petroleum deposits. 伊拉克石油储量丰富.92. adopt v. 收养;采用;采纳(例)They adopted our methods. 他们采用了我们的办法.93. adapt vi. 适应,适合;改编,改写 vt. 使适应(例)She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 她很快就适应了这种新气候.94. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位;单身汉(例)He remained a bachelor all his life. 他终生未娶.(例)Are you a Bachelor of Arts 你是文学学士吗95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的;临时的;非正式的(例)96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 设陷阱捕捉(例)The police set a trap to catch the thief. 警察设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套.(例)They were trapped in the burning hotel. 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里.97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的(例)If that room is vacant, we can practice there. 如果那个房间空着,我们可以在那练习.98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器(例)His wife's death left him a vacuum in his life. 他妻子的去世使他的生活变得空虚.99. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的(例)He will take an oral examination. 他将接受口试.100. optics n. (单,复数同形)光学(例)The optic theory originated with Einstein. 光学理论是爱因斯坦首创的.101. organ n. 器官,风琴(例)The heart is a vital organ. 心脏是维持生命必须的器官.(例)He plays the organ in church. 他在教堂弹奏风琴.102.excess n 过分，过量，过剩（例）after cooking the fish ，pour off any excess fat. 烹完鱼后，倒掉多余的油。
风能的发展潜力和优势英语小作文
风能的发展潜力和优势英语小作文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1The development potential and advantages of wind energy are super cool! Wind energy is like a big breath of fresh air for our planet because it is clean, renewable, and good for the environment. It's like having a superhero that can help save the Earth!First of all, wind energy is unlimited because the wind is always blowing somewhere. This means that we will never run out of wind energy, unlike non-renewable sources like coal or oil. By using wind energy, we can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and help combat climate change. How amazing is that?Another awesome thing about wind energy is that it doesn't produce any pollution. When we use wind turbines to generate electricity, there are no harmful emissions released into the air. This helps to keep our air clean and our planet healthy for future generations. Plus, it's so cool to see those big wind turbines spinning around and making energy!Wind energy also has economic benefits. By investing in wind power, we can create jobs in the renewable energy sector and stimulate economic growth. This means more opportunities for people to work in a clean and sustainable industry. And because wind energy is free, it can help to lower electricity costs for everyone. How cool is that?In conclusion, wind energy has huge potential and lots of advantages. It's clean, renewable, and good for the environment. By harnessing the power of the wind, we can create a brighter and cleaner future for ourselves and for the planet. So let's all support wind energy and help make the world a better place!篇2Wind power is a super cool way to make electricity! It comes from the wind blowing really strong and turning big wind turbines. These wind turbines look like giant fans and they spin around really fast when the wind blows.There are many advantages to using wind power. First of all, it's a renewable energy source, which means we can use it over and over again without running out. That's awesome because we won't have to worry about running out of energy like we do with fossil fuels. Also, wind power doesn't produce any pollution, soit's great for the environment. It helps us reduce our carbon footprint and fight climate change.Another cool thing about wind power is that it's getting more and more popular. People are starting to realize how important it is to use clean energy sources, and wind power is a big part of that. More and more wind farms are popping up all over the world, and they're producing tons of electricity. That's super cool because it means we can rely less on dirty energy sources like coal and oil.The future of wind power is looking really bright. As technology gets better, wind turbines are becoming more efficient and cheaper to make. That means we can produce even more electricity from wind power in the future. Plus, there's still so much untapped potential for wind power. There are lots of windy places in the world where we could build more wind farms and harness even more energy.In conclusion, wind power is amazing! It's clean, renewable, and super cool. With its growing popularity and untapped potential, wind power is definitely a great energy source for the future. Let's keep harnessing the power of the wind and make the world a cleaner and greener place!篇3Title: The Potential and Advantages of Wind EnergyHey guys, do you know that wind energy is super cool? It's a renewable energy source that is created by the movement of air, and it has a lot of potential and advantages. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, wind energy is awesome because it's clean and green. Unlike fossil fuels like coal or oil, wind energy doesn't produce any harmful greenhouse gases that can pollute the air and contribute to climate change. So, using wind energy can help protect our planet and keep it healthy for future generations.Another great thing about wind energy is that it's abundant and free! The wind is always blowing somewhere, so we can harness its power to generate electricity without worrying about running out. And because the wind is free, we don't have to pay for it like we do for other sources of energy. That means we can save money on our electricity bills and help reduce our dependence on non-renewable resources.Plus, wind energy is versatile and can be used in many different ways. We can use large wind turbines to generateelectricity for homes, schools, and businesses, or we can use smaller windmills to pump water or grind grain. And because wind energy can be generated locally, it can create jobs and stimulate economic growth in rural communities.In conclusion, wind energy has a lot of potential and advantages that make it a great choice for powering our world. It's clean, abundant, and free, and it can help us protect the environment and save money. So let's harness the power of the wind and embrace a brighter, more sustainable future for all of us!篇4Wind energy is awesome! It has so much potential and advantages that can help make the world a better place. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, wind energy is renewable, which means we can use it over and over again without running out. This is super cool because it helps us reduce our reliance on fossil fuels, which are not only bad for the environment but also running out. So, by using wind energy, we can make sure there will always be plenty of energy for the future.Second, wind energy is clean. When we use wind to generate electricity, we don't create any pollution or harmful gases that can harm the air, water, or soil. This is important because it helps us keep our planet healthy and safe for all living things. Plus, it can help us fight against climate change, which is a big problem facing the world right now.Another great thing about wind energy is that it's becoming more and more affordable. As technology improves and more wind farms are built, the cost of producing wind energy keeps going down. This means more people can have access to clean and renewable energy without having to spend a lot of money.And let's not forget about the job opportunities that come with wind energy. Building and maintaining wind farms create lots of jobs for people in different fields, from engineering to construction to maintenance. This can help boost the economy and improve the lives of many people.In conclusion, wind energy has so much potential and advantages that can benefit both the environment and society. It's a clean, renewable, and affordable source of energy that can help us create a sustainable future for generations to come. So, let's keep supporting wind energy and make the world a better place!篇5Wind energy is so cool! It has so much potential and advantages, just like a superhero saving the planet. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, wind energy is renewable, which means it will never run out. The wind is always blowing, so we can always use it to generate electricity. This is super important because we won't have to worry about running out of energy like we do with fossil fuels.Another awesome thing about wind energy is that it's clean. When we use wind turbines to generate electricity, we don't produce any pollution or greenhouse gases. This means we can help fight climate change and keep our planet healthy.Wind energy is also cost-effective. It may seem expensive to build wind turbines at first, but once they are up and running, they can produce electricity for a long time without needing much maintenance. This can help us save money in the long run.In addition, wind energy can create jobs. We need people to design, build, and maintain wind turbines, as well as people to work in wind energy research and development. This can help boost the economy and create new opportunities for people.Overall, wind energy has so much potential and advantages. It's clean, renewable, cost-effective, and can create jobs. Let's harness the power of the wind and make the world a better place!篇6Title: The Potential and Advantages of Wind Energy DevelopmentHey guys, do you know that wind energy is a super cool and awesome source of renewable energy? Today, let's talk about the amazing potential and advantages of wind energy development!First of all, did you know that wind energy is totally free? Yup, that's right! Wind is a natural resource that is always blowing around us, and we can use special machines called wind turbines to capture the wind's energy and turn it into electricity. This means we don't have to pay for fuel like we do with other types of energy, how cool is that?Another great thing about wind energy is that it's super good for the environment. When we use wind energy, we don't release any harmful greenhouse gases into the air like we do when we burn fossil fuels. This helps to reduce air pollution andfight against climate change. So, by using wind energy, we are helping to protect our planet!What's more, wind energy is also creating a lot of jobs. When we build wind farms and maintain wind turbines, we need lots of workers like engineers, technicians, and construction workers. This not only provides job opportunities for people but also helps to boost the economy.And guess what? Wind energy is also super reliable. Even when the sun is not shining, or the rain is pouring, the wind is still blowing. This means we can generate electricity from wind energy all year round, which helps to ensure a stable and secure energy supply.In conclusion, wind energy has incredible potential and so many advantages. It's free, clean, creates jobs, and is reliable. By investing in wind energy, we can build a more sustainable and brighter future for ourselves and the planet. Let's harness the power of the wind and make the world a better place!篇7Wind energy is super cool! It's like using the power of the wind to make electricity. Isn't that amazing?Wind energy has a lot of potential to grow and become even more awesome. One of the biggest advantages of wind energy is that it's renewable. That means we can keep using it over and over again without running out. The wind will always blow, so we can always make more energy from it.Another super cool thing about wind energy is that it's clean. That means it doesn't pollute the air like some other forms of energy do. So, it helps us keep our planet clean and healthy. Isn't that great?Wind energy also has the advantage of being cost-effective. Once we set up the wind turbines to capture the wind's energy, we can generate electricity without having to spend a lot of money on fuel. That means we can save money and still have plenty of power to use.With all these advantages, it's no wonder that wind energy has so much potential to grow in the future. It's a clean, renewable, and cost-effective source of power that can help us protect the environment and save money. So let's keep harnessing the power of the wind and make the world a better place!篇8Wind energy is super cool! It has so much potential and advantages. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, did you know that wind is a renewable energy source? That means we can never run out of it! The wind keeps blowing and blowing, so we can use it to generate electricity over and over again. This is awesome because we won't have to worry about running out of energy like we do with fossil fuels.Another great thing about wind energy is that it's clean and doesn't produce any pollution. When we burn fossil fuels like coal and oil, it releases harmful gases into the air that can make us sick and harm the environment. But with wind energy, there are no harmful emissions. That's good news for our planet!Wind energy also has the potential to create a lot of jobs. When we build wind farms and install wind turbines, we need lots of people to do the work. This means more jobs for everyone and a boost to the economy. Plus, once the wind farms are up and running, they don't require a lot of maintenance, so those jobs will stick around for a long time.And last but not least, wind energy is becoming more and more affordable. The technology for harnessing the power of the wind has improved a lot over the years, making it cheaper to produce electricity from wind energy. This means that more andmore people can access clean, renewable energy without breaking the bank.So as you can see, wind energy has a ton of potential and advantages. It's good for the environment, good for the economy, and good for our future. Let's keep supporting the development of wind energy so we can all enjoy these benefits for years to come!篇9I can't write an essay longer than 2000 words, but I can give you a summary of the potential and advantages of wind energy in a more casual and simple way.Hey guys, did you know that wind energy is super cool? It's like a superhero that can save the planet! Wind energy has a lot of potential to help us in the future.First of all, wind energy is renewable, which means we can use it over and over again without running out. That's awesome because we won't have to worry about hurting the Earth. Also, wind energy doesn't produce any harmful gases like coal or oil, so it's really clean and good for the environment.Another cool thing about wind energy is that it's free! We don't have to pay for the wind, it's everywhere for us to use. And since it's free, we can save a lot of money on our electricity bills.Plus, wind energy is getting better and better every day. People are finding new ways to capture the wind and turn it into electricity more efficiently. That means we can use more wind power without hurting the planet.So, let's all cheer for wind energy and help it grow. It's our friend and it can make the world a better place for us and for our future. Yay for wind energy!篇10Wind energy is awesome! It has so much potential and so many advantages. Let me tell you all about it!First of all, wind energy is renewable. That means we can keep using it over and over again without ever running out. Isn't that cool? And because wind is always blowing somewhere, we can always count on it to generate power for us. That's super important for the environment because it helps reduce the amount of pollution and greenhouse gases that are released into the air.Another great thing about wind energy is that it'scost-effective. Once we have the turbines set up, they can keep producing electricity for a long time with very little maintenance. That helps keep our electricity bills down and makes it easier for more people to have access to clean energy.And did you know that wind energy can create jobs too? Building, installing, and maintaining wind turbines all require people to work on them. That means more opportunities for people to find employment and contribute to the growing green economy.Overall, wind energy is a win-win situation. It's good for the planet, good for our wallets, and good for creating more jobs. So let's embrace the power of the wind and help it reach its full potential!。
大专a级英语试题及答案
大专a级英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The meeting is scheduled to start at 9:00 am. If you are late, please ________.A. call meB. call inC. call offD. call on答案：B2. The new policy will ________ the economic growth of our country.A. promoteB. protectC. preventD. provide答案：A3. The book is ________ for children to read.A. suitableB. availableC. accessibleD. affordable答案：A4. The company has ________ a new marketing strategy to increase sales.A. developedB. discoveredC. designedD. determined答案：A5. He is ________ to be the best candidate for the job.A. qualifiedB. capableC. eligibleD. competent答案：A6. The project has been ________ due to lack of funds.A. delayedB. canceledC. suspendedD. abandoned答案：A7. She ________ her keys everywhere but couldn't find them.A. looked forB. searched forC. hunted forD. sought for答案：B8. The teacher asked the students to ________ their essays before submitting them.A. reviseB. reviewC. editD. correct答案：A9. The ________ of the house was damaged by the storm.A. roofB. wallC. floorD. foundation答案：A10. The company is ________ to expand its market share.A. determinedB. eagerC. willingD. ready答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ of the meeting has been postponed due to the weather conditions.答案：date2. The ________ of the project is expected to be completed by the end of this year.答案：construction3. The ________ of the company is to provide high-quality products to its customers.答案：mission4. The ________ of the book is quite interesting and thought-provoking.答案：plot5. The ________ of the city has been greatly improved with the new infrastructure.答案：transportation6. The ________ of the company has been growing steadily over the past few years.答案：revenue7. The ________ of the river has been a topic of concern for environmentalists.答案：pollution8. The ________ of the new policy will be discussed at the next meeting.答案：implementation9. The ________ of the building is quite impressive with its modern design.答案：architecture10. The ________ of the company's success can be attributed to its innovative strategies.答案：key三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
高中英语真题：高考真题周周练(11)
高考真题周周练（11）阅读理解AThe oldest and most common source (来源) of renewable energy known to man, biomass is one of the most important forms of energy production in the United State s and elsewhere. Since such a wide variety of biomass materi als is everywhere — from trees and grasses to agricultural and city-life wastes — biomass promises to play a continuing role in providing power and h eat for millions of people around the world.According to the Union of ConcernedScientists (UCS), biomass is a kind of renewable energy sour ce that produces no carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), because the energy it contains comes from the sun. Whe n plant matter isburned, it gives off the sun's energy. In this way, biomass ser ves as a sort of natural battery (电池) for storing the sun's energy. As long as biomass is produc ed continuously — with only as much grown as is used — the “battery” lasts forever.According to the Energy Information Administration, biomas s has been one of the leading renewable energysources in the for several years running through 2007, maki ng up between 0.5 and 0.9 percent of the nation's total electri city supply. In 2008 — although the numbers aren't all in yet — wind power probably took over first place because of the ra pid development of wind farms across the country.Producing power from biomass helps reduce some 11 milli on tons of carbon dioxide each year. Some homeowners also try to make their own heat by using biomass materials. Such practice may save homeowner's money, but it also produces a lot of pollution. So, the best way is to encourage power plan ts to use it.21. Why is biomass considered as “a sort of natural battery”?A. It burns merely plant matter.B. It keeps producing electric ity.C. It stores the energy from the sun.D. It produces zero carb on dioxide.22. We learn from the text that in 2008 ______.A. wind power would be the leader of renewable energyB. there was a rapid growth of electricity productionC. biomass might become the main energy sourceD. 0.5~0.9% of power supply came from biomass23. Why does the author encourage power plants to use biom ass?A. To prevent the waste of energy.B. To increase produc tion safety.C. To reduce pollution.D. To save money.24. Where does the text probably come from?A. A research plan.B. A science magazine.C. A book review.D. A business report.BSome people will do just about anything to save money. An d I am one of them. Take my family's last vacation. It was my six-year-old son's winter break from school, and we were heading home from after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airl ine, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in , so I had to get bac k. But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.The next day, my husband and son were offered more cred its to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged — okay, ord ered — them to wait it out at the airport, to "earn" more DeltaDollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh?Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these d ays, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NB C's Todayshow for over a decade. I have written a couple of books incl uding one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believ e in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your mo ney's worth. I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, cloth es for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend ona classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.25. Why did Delta give the author's family credits?A. Their flight had been delayed.B. They had early bookin gs.C.They took a later flight. D. Their flight had been cancelle d.26. What can we learn about the author?A. She is very strict with her children.B. She seldom makes a compromise.C. She rarely misses a good deal.D. She is interested in cheap products.27. What does the author do?A. She's a teacher.B. She's a housewife.C. She's a media person.D. She's a businesswoman.28. What does the author want to tell us?A. How to expose bad tricks.B. How to reserve airline sea ts.C. How to spend money wisely.D. How to make a busines s deal.完形填空Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to clim b the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 41 , but on their way back conditionswere very 42 . Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew th at if Simon 43 alone, he would probably get back 44 . Bu t Simon decided to risk his 45 and try to lower Joe down th e mountain on a rope (绳).As they 46 down, the weather got worse. Then another 47 occurred. They couldn't see or hear each other and, 48 , Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice (峭壁). It was 49 for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe's 50 was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipic e. 51 , after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 52 . In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 53 into a huge crevasse (裂缝) in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in te rrible pain. He couldn't walk, but he 54 to get out of the crev asse and started to 55 towards their camp, nearly ten kilom eters 56 .Simon had 57 the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 58 , but h e didn't want to leave 59 . Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe's voice. He couldn't 60 it. Joe was t here, a few meters from their tent, still alive.41. A. hurriedly B. carefullyC. successfullyD. early42. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. norma l43. A. climbed B. worked C. rested D. conti nued44. A. unwillingly B. safelyC. slowlyD. regretfully45. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life46. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked47. A. damage B. storm C. changeD. trouble48. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by choiceD. by luck49. A. unnecessary B. practical C. importantD. impossible50. A. height B. weight C. strengthD. equipment51. A. Finally B. Patiently C. Surely D. Quic kly52. A. stand back B.take a rest C. make a decision D. hold on53. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed54. A. managedB. plannedC. waitedD. hoped55. A. run B. skate C. move D. march56. A. around B. away C. above D. along57. A. headed for B. traveled toC. left forD. returned to58. A. dead B. hurt C. weakD. late59. A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediatelyD. anxiously60. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept单词拼写1. Lisa, I didn't ______ (认出) you -- you've had your hair cut!2. I usually just have a ______ (三明治) for lunch.3. Mr. White announced that he would go to in ______ (二月).4. The story was first written in English and later ______ (翻译) into Chinese.5. The village children like to go ______ (游泳) in the nearby river.6. One of our ______ (邻居) kept a very beautiful garden.7. The English teac her gives the class a ______ (听写) almost every day.8. David turned and walked off in the ______ (相反) direction.9. I suggest that we have ______ (定期) meetings.10. Rose rushed ______ (向楼下) to answer the door.翻译1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
铅酸蓄电池行业术语(中英文)
10.容量温度系数，temperature coefficient of capacity。
11.负载电压，on-load voltage。
12.初始电压，initial voltage；平均电压，mean voltage。
4.隔板，separator (of a battery )；电解质、电解液，electrolyte。
5.极群组、plate pack，由隔板和正、负极板组组成的部件。
6.端子、板柱，terminal (of a battery)；正极端子、正极柱，positive terminal；负极端子、负极柱，negative terminal。
13充电终止电压，end-of-charge voltage。
14.循环，cycle；使用寿命，service life；额定容量，rated capacity。
15.析气，gassing；短路电流，short-circuit current；自放电，self-discharge。
16.热失控，thermal runaway，在恒压充电期间发生的一种临界状态。此时，蓄电池的电流及温度发生一种累积的互相增强的作用并逐渐增强导致蓄电池的损坏。
Batteries for electric motorcycles ------Applicable to models of electric vehicles: light electric vehicles and electric motorcycles
Batteries for electric tricycles ----------Applicable to models of electric vehicles: light electric motorcycles and electric tricycles
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A schematic of a single battery cell
The entire Distributed Energy Storage System (DESS) includes the battery; the power conversion system (PCS); the wind farm and grid interfaces; backup power for emergency battery temperature regulation; and equipment for local and remote performance monitoring, data collection, system control and other communications. We’ve contracted with S&C Electric, a Chicago-based company that provides equipment and services for electric power systems, to design and build the PCS and to provide turnkey installation services for the DESS. GridPoint Inc., a leading innovator in smart grid technology, is providing the communications and control system for system integration, remote control and data access. This system will allow the battery system to be the first of its kind to act like a power plant, including selling power into the MISO market and responding to Automatic Generation Control signals.
Project Summary
Xcel Energy will test a one-megawatt wind energy battery-storage system, using sodiumsulfur (NaS) battery technology. The test will demonstrate the system’s ability to store wind energy and move it to the electricity grid when needed, and to validate energy storage in supporting greater wind penetration on the Xcel Energy system. NaS technology has been selected for this project because of its high storage capacity; its ability to handle a large number of charge-recharge cycles as would be incurred with an intermittent renewable energy resource; its large scale and potential for even larger scalability; its dynamic response to system changes; and its demonstrated commercial performance and availability. We’ve purchased the battery from NGK Insulators Ltd., a Japanese firm involved in the manufacture and sale of power-related equipment. Versions of this technology are already being used in Japan and in a few U.S. applications, but this is the first domestic application of the battery as a direct wind energy storage device.
Project partners
University of Minnesota Great Plains Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory Minwind Energy, LLC.
The project has been selected to receive a $1 million grant from Minnesota’s Renewable Development Fund.
W I N D - T O - B AT T E RY P RO J E C T
As the nation’s number one wind power provider, Xcel Energy wants to harness renewable energy to the greatest extent possible. With that focus, we have launched a groundbreaking project to test cutting-edge technology for storing wind energy in batteries. Our project marks the first use of direct wind energy storage technology in the United States. Energy storage is key to expanding the use of renewable energy. Integrating variable wind and solar energy production to the needs of the power grid is an ongoing issue for the utility industry and will become even more important as the penetration of both of these renewable resources increases. The technology we’re testing has the potential to reduce the impact caused by the variability and limited predictability of wind and solar generation. Xcel Energy is testing emerging technologies and energy storage devices as part of our overall Smart Grid strategy, which aims to modernize and upgrade the grid to allow for easier integration of renewable energy sources.
1-800-481-4700
© 2008 Xcel Energy Inc. Xcel Energy is a registered trademark of Xcel Energy Inc. Northern States Power Company-Minnesota, an Xcel Energy Company 08-11-417 11/2008
In-service date First quarter 2009 Location Luverne, Minn., about 30 miles east of Sioux Falls, S.D., connected to a nearby
11-megawatt wind farm owned by Minwind Energy, LLC.
Project Objectives
Areas of testing that Xcel Energy will perform during the demonstration period include: energy, enabling a shift of wind-generated energy from off-peak to on-peak availability. for the variability and limited predictability of wind generation resources. the wind energy storage system to be a viable peak-load resource. of spinning reserve, and evaluate any special relay requirements for a spinning reserve frequency response characteristic. distribution grid system and therefore allow the system to more effectively integrate wind into system operations. This includes the ability of the battery discharge and recharge process to be used to buffer and/or smooth the wind generation output ramp rates; the optimal mix of battery uses between demand shaping, generator leveling and contingency reserve response; the ability to provide reactive load support and frequency support.