Individual Questions_15_Simplified Chinese
中国文化习题及答案
中国文化练习题及答案P a r t1W i s d o m a n d B e l i e f s Unit 1 Confucian Thought on Heaven and Humanity Homework:(一）Questions:1) What is The Analects mainly about?2) What is Confucius’view on Heaven?3) What is Confucius’innovative idea about Heaven?4) What does the “heavenly mission”refer to?5) How is Confucius’concept of Heaven related to the modern ecological civilization?6) What is Confucius’interpretation of ren?7) According to Confucius, what is the most important part of li?8) What qualities are “persons of virtue”supposed to have?9) Why do people need to study music according to Confucius?（二）Translation1）天何言哉？四时行焉，百物生焉，天何言哉？2) 生生之谓易。
3）天地之大德曰生。
4）获罪于天，无所禄也。
5）仁者，人也，亲亲为大。
6）父母在，不远游，游必有方。
7）父母之年，不可不知也。
一则以喜，一则以惧。
8）己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。
9）己所不欲，勿施于人。
10）子生三年，然后免于父母之怀。
11）礼之用，和为贵。
12）知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。
（三）Careful Reading1、Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1)All the following are the titles of Confucius EXCEPT _____.A. an educatorB. a biologistC. a scholarD. a philosopher2)The expression “filial piety”most probably means being _____.A. loyal to the stateB. obedient to sister(s)C. responsibleD. dutiful to parents3) Which of the following can best describe Confucius’view on the relationship between man and nature/Heaven?A. Brothers.B. Husband and wife.C. Doctor and patient.D. Mother and son.4) Through burial and ancestral worship rituals, people can learn that______.A. nature is lifeless so it will never dieB. individual’s life can be everlasting by joining natureC. they should be grateful to their parents for giving them livesD. individual’s lifespan is short, so they should enjoy life as much as possible5) Which of the following is the most important part of Confucius’curriculum?A. Music.B. CalligraphyC. VirtueD. Mathematics6) Zi lu, Ran You and Gongxi Chi’s aspirations represent______, while Zeng Dian’s reflects_____.A. personal ambition; selfishnessB. lofty ideals; meaningless pursuitC. personal struggle; generous contributionD. individual contribution to society; harmony(四）Communication1) God bless2) Thank God3) Please God4) For God’s sake5) God forbid6) Man proposes, God disposes.7) God helps those who help themselves.Answers（一）Questions1. 1) The Analects is mainly about Confucius’ words and life story.2) Confucius regarded Heaven as nature.3) Confucius’innovative idea about Heaven is that Heaven (or nature) is the process of life creation.4)The heavenly mission is to accomplish Heaven’s purpose of protecting and improving life.5)Confucius advocated “standing in awe of the ordinances of Heaven”and warned against offending Heaven. This is, in essence, equivalent to the modern idea of staying in harmony with nature. So in this way Confucius’concept of Heaven is similar to the modern ecological civilization.6)Confucius interpreted ren as love of people, which begins with the love for one’s parents.7)According to Confucius, the most important part of li is the burial and ancestral worship rituals.8)Persons of virtue are supposed to have sound character and uplifted minds and they can shoulder important social responsibilities and make contributions to society. 9) According to Confucius, studying music can lift one’s spirit and help one appreciate beauty.（二）Translation1）Heaven does not speak in words. It speaks through the rotation of the four seasons and the growth of all living things.2) Continuous creation of life is change.3) The great virtue of Heaven and Earth is creating life.4) He who offends against Heaven has none to whom he can pray.5) The greatest love for people is the love for one’s parents.6) Children should not travel far while their parents are alive. If they have no choice but to do so, they must retain some restraint.7) Children should think often of the age of their parents. They should feel happy for the health and longevity of their parents. They should also feel concern for the aging of their parents.8) While fulfilling one’s own desires, allow others to fulfill theirs.9) Do not do toward others anything you would not want to be done to you.10) A child should not leave his parents’ bosom until he is three years old.11) The role of li is to maintain harmony among people.12) Simply knowing the highest standard of virtue is not as good as setting it as one’s goal. Setting it as one’s goal is not as good as enjoying practicing of it.（三）Careful ReadingB D D BC D(四）Communication1)上帝保佑[用于向某人表示关爱]2）谢天谢地，感谢上帝3）但愿[用于表示非常强烈的愿望]4）看在上帝的份上，行行好把[表示某事很重要]5）但愿（某事）不会发生6) 谋势在人，成事在天。
8508A_入门__gschi0100
8508A型参考级81/2位数字多用表操作简要说明福禄克公司北京办事处(Simplified Chinese)September 2004 Rev. 1, 8/08© 2004, 2008 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Specifications are subject to change without notice.All product names are trademark of their respective companies.8508A简明操作手册2有限保证和有限责任每台福禄克的产品在正常使用和维护的情况下保证没有材料和工艺上的缺陷。
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信阳师范学院成人教育学位英语考试真题
信阳师范学院成人教育学位英语考试真题Yanshan University Adult Education Degree English Exam QuestionsPart I Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:It is said that a university education in China is worth more every day, but only for men. The author of a book on the subject, Dr. Bianca P. Seabra dos Reis, reports, "Women work like men, but everything is harder for them. Men have more time to study because they are expected to study. Most women come to university only because their boyfriends or husbands do. They are not taken seriously." She is quick to add that women with a degree do get better jobs than others. They just have to work harder to get through the university system.1. According to the passage, who comes to university only because their boyfriends or husbands do?A) womenB) menC) neitherD) both2. It is implied in the passage that women students _______.A) have to work harder to get through the university systemB) are more serious than menC) study better than menD) are not taken seriously3. The author of the passage is a _______.A) manB) womanC) doctorD) professor4. What does the author mean by saying everything is harder for women in universities in China?A) they have more difficult assignmentsB) they experience discriminationC) they are not as intelligent as menD) they are too busy studying5. According to the passage, women students must work harder because _______.A) they are not as intelligent as menB) they are not taken seriouslyC) they don't care about studyingD) they have more difficult assignmentsPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Small talk is often seen as a way to avoid more serious topics of conversation. People often talk about the weather, their jobs, their hobbies, etc. without really saying anything important. Nevertheless, small talk can be very useful in building relationships. For example, if you are at a meeting or a party and don't know anyone there, you can start a conversation with someone by talking about something simple. It can help to breakthe ice and make people feel more comfortable. In this way, small talk can actually lead to more meaningful conversations.6. Why do people often engage in small talk?A) to avoid serious topicsB) to annoy othersC) to show offD) to make themselves feel important7. According to the passage, why is small talk useful in building relationships?A) it helps to avoid awkward silencesB) it breaks the ice and makes people feel more comfortableC) it shows that you are intelligentD) it impresses other people8. What does the phrase "break the ice" mean?A) to make people feel comfortableB) to end the conversationC) to start the conversationD) to avoid talking9. According to the passage, small talk can lead to _______.A) argumentsB) more meaningful conversationsC) gossipD) silence10. The passage suggests that small talk is _______.A) unimportantB) only for extrovertsC) necessary for building relationshipsD) a waste of timePassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:As the weather gets warmer, people start to spend more time outside doing physical activities. Running, biking, hiking, and swimming are all popular choices. Many people find that exercising outdoors is more enjoyable than going to the gym. They can breathe in the fresh air, enjoy the sunshine, and appreciate the beauty of nature. It can also be a great way torelax and reduce stress. So, if you want to get in shape, consider taking your workout outside.11. According to the passage, what are some popular outdoor activities?A) painting and knittingB) reading and writingC) running and bikingD) cooking and cleaning12. Why do many people find exercising outdoors more enjoyable?A) they can meet new peopleB) they can breathe in fresh air, enjoy the sunshine, and appreciate the beauty of natureC) it is more convenientD) it is cheaper13. What can outdoor exercise help to do?A) reduce stressB) increase stressC) improve memoryD) make you gain weight14. According to the passage, where is it preferable to exercise?A) in a fitness centerB) at homeC) outdoorsD) in a library15. The passage suggests that exercising outdoors can help you _______.A) socializeB) relax and reduce stressC) become more intelligentD) make more moneyPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Each year, thousands of people around the world take part in marathons. Some do it for charity, some for fun, and some forthe challenge. Whatever the reason, completing a marathon is an amazing accomplishment. The training required is rigorous and time-consuming, but many find it to be a rewarding experience. Whether you are an experienced runner or just starting out, running a marathon can be a life-changing event.16. Why do some people take part in marathons?A) for charityB) for funC) for the challengeD) all of the above17. According to the passage, what is required to complete a marathon?A) strict dietB) rigorous and time-consuming trainingC) team of coachesD) years of experience18. What is the reward for completing a marathon?A) a medalB) a trophyC) self-satisfactionD) money19. The passage states that whether you are experienced or not, running a marathon can be _______.A) a disappointmentB) an unpleasant experienceC) a life-changing eventD) a waste of time20. According to the passage, how many people around the world take part in marathons each year?A) thousandsB) millionsC) hundredsD) onePart II Vocabulary (20 points)Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence, there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choosethe one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.21. We must pay _______ attention to our health.A) closeB) closedC) closingD) closely22. Can you _______ what you said? I didn't quite catch it.A) repeatB) refuseC) renewD) revolt23. The company has decided to _______ the new product launch until next month.A) deferB) defeatC) departD) declare24. The evidence proves that he is _______ of the crime.A) innocenceB) innocentC) innocentlyD) inn25. Please remind me to _______ an appointment with the dentist.A) arrangeB) adjustC) activateD) amend26. My daughter is very _______ in science fiction movies.A) interestingB) interestedC) interestinglyD) interests27. The meeting has been _______ until next Tuesday.B) carryingC) carriedD) carries28. The manager asked his assistant to _______ the report by noon.A) finishB) finishedC) finishingD) finishes29. It's _______ good idea to go hiking on such a hot day.A) aB) theC) anD) one30. Smoking is not only bad for your health, but it also_______ others.A) affectingC) affectedD) affectPart III Cloze Test (10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank, there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one that best fits the context and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Marie Curie was a _______1_______ scientist known for her work on radioactivity. She was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1867, but moved to France to study at the Sorbonne University in Paris. In 1903, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, making her the first woman to win the award. In 1911, she won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, becoming the first person (and still the only woman) to win the award _______2_______ times. Unfortunately, her work with radioactive materials caused her to develop leukemia, and she _______3_______ died in 1934.1. A) famousB) fameC) famouslyD) fameless2. A) threeB) twoC) oneD) four3. A) suddenB) suddenlyC) suddentlyD) suddenlessPart IV Writing (30 points)Directions: This part is to test your ability to write. Use no less than 100 words to write an essay on the following topic.Topic: Describe your dream vacation destination and explain why you want to go there.Remember to organize your writing logically and clearly, and provide examples and reasons to support your opinions.---This document provides a glimpse into the types of questions that may be expected in the English exam for adult education degree students at Yanshan University. These questions cover a range of topics, including reading comprehension, vocabulary, and writing skills. It is important for students to practice regularly in preparation for this exam to ensure success. Good luck!。
译林版高一英语必修第二册(2019版)_Unit2_Extended_reading_名师教案
Unit2 Extended reading 名师教案教学目标By the end of this section, students will be able to:1. D escribe the change in the author’s attitudes and explain the reasons;2. Have a better understanding of tai chi including its history and the culture.教学重难点1. To understand and describe the change of feelings;2. To understand the philosophy of tai chi and Chinese culture behind it.教学过程Is the author supportive of practising tai chi? 本的观点和态度。
Step 3 First, the teacher has students scan the passage.Then he/she provides them with some graphsand has them choose the one that best describesthe change in the author’s attitudes.Sample answer: D.呈现四幅曲线图，让学生阅读文本，并选择最能表达作者兴趣变化的一幅，把抽象的心态具象化。
5’Individual WorkClass WorkStep 4 The teacher has students read the passage again. Then encourages students to find out anadjective to reflect the author’s attitudes indifferent periods with the help of Graph D andgive reasons.Sample answer:The first adjective is “hesitant”. At the verybeginning, when the author was suggested byher friend joining the Tai Chi Club, he通过让学生寻找形容词，引导学生在文中定位相关信息，将作者的心态变化自然而然地分为几个阶段，更好地描述作者的心态转变过程。
孙氏二十锦五禽戏心法口诀
Advances in Physical Sciences 体育科学进展, 2023, 11(3), 733-743 Published Online September 2023 in Hans. https:///journal/aps https:///10.12677/aps.2023.113104孙氏二十锦五禽戏心法口诀——连续性、整体性和通透性孙洪义香港城市大学系统工程系，香港收稿日期：2023年8月5日；录用日期：2023年9月7日；发布日期：2023年9月14日摘 要中华健身养生功法历史悠久、百花齐放、推陈出新、不断发展。
其中五禽戏、六字诀和八段锦等功法形象好记，安全可靠，深受广大群众的喜爱，并传播到50多个国家和地区。
本文首次提出五禽戏的历史应该有2100年而不是1800年，八段锦的历史应该是1700年而不是800年。
但是无论五禽戏，八段锦还是其他功法，有些套路越近越接近武术套路和表演套路，动作越来越多，动作越来越大，普通人望而生畏。
有的为了表演效果强调动作的美感并加入一些华而不实衔接动作，甚至有抖动发劲和丹田发声等辅助动作，夸张的衔接动作和频繁的姿势转换使得精气神不能聚集，聚集了也基本散掉。
简化版本确实方便学习和传播，但节奏更像体操，连续性、整体性和通透性有提高的空间。
另外一个特别普遍的疑问就是到底应该练五禽戏还是练八段锦？典型的回答是看个人的喜好和缘分，也有人建议两套功法一起练。
这些回答既不太明确也不现实。
本文根据中医的脏腑对应原理和本人多年参访学习和亲身尝试，编创了一套融合五禽戏，六字诀和八段锦的孙氏二十锦五禽戏(孙氏五禽戏)，并介绍了其中的动作、顺序、火候、剂量以及连续性、整体性和通透性等心法口诀。
文章还介绍了三套简化速效版本的五禽戏，用于特殊的工作生活环境，包括“文火抻拉五禽戏”，“武火运化五禽戏”和“坐式拉伸通透呼吸法”。
本文的目的是抛砖引玉，启发思考，促进中华养生功法的发展和普及。
24-form simplified Tai Chi Chuan
24-form tai chi chuanMovementsmencing (Qǐshì), Preparation, Beginning2.Part the Wild Horse's Mane (Yémǎ Fēnzōng)3.White Crane Spreads Its Wings (Báihè Lìangchì), Stork/Crane Cools Its Wings4.Brush Knee and Step Forward (Lōuxī Àobù), Brush Knee and Twist Step5.Playing the Lute (Shǒuhūi Pípā), Strum the Lute, Play Guitar6.Reverse Reeling Forearm (Daojuan Gong), Step Back and Drive Monkey Away7.Left Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Zuo Lan Quewei), Grasp the Bird's Tail1.Ward Off (Peng)2.Rollback (Lu)3.Press (Ji)4.Push (An)8.Right Grasp Sparrow's Tail (You Lan Quewei)9.Single Whip (Danbian)10.W ave Hands Like Clouds (Yunshou), Cloud Hands, Cloud Built Hands, WaveHands in Clouds11.S ingle Whip (Danbian)12.H igh Pat on Horse (Gao Tan Ma), Step Up to Examine Horse13.R ight Heel Kick (You Dengjiao), Separate Right Foot, Kick with Right Foot14.S trike to Ears with Both Fists (Shuangfeng Guaner)15.T urn Body and Left Heel Kick (Zhuanshen Zuo Dengjiao)16.L eft Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Zuo Xiashi Duli)1.Single Whip Squatting Down, Snake Creeps Down,2.Golden Rooster Stands on One Leg, Golden Bird Standing Alone17.R ight Lower Body and Bird Stand on One Leg (You Xiashi Duli)18.S huttle Back and Forth (Yunu Chuansuo), Fair Lady Works with Shuttles,(Walking Wood), Four Corners19.N eedle at Sea Bottom (Haidi Zhen)20.F an Through Back (Shan Tong Bei), Fan Penetrates Back21.T urn Body, Deflect, Parry, and Punch (Zhuanshen Banlanchui)22.A ppears Closed (Rufeng Sibi), Withdraw and Push, as if Closing a Door23.C ross Hands (Shizishou)Closing (Shoushi)Tai Chi 24 Form Tutorial.Yang family Tai Chi. IntroductionTai Chi is a higher level of Qigong, a moving meditation technique. It may look easy, but there are many layers in it, and behind the outside simplicity you will find the infinite inner complexity. That is why this style took over the world - it offers you a lot, much more than one can possibly achieve in a lifetime.Tai Chi (Tai Tzi) means "the great limit". Tsuan means "fist". The fist of the great limit. The "limit" is a metaphor here, as many other things in Chinese philosophy, there is no limit, but only our quest for it.Here you will learn Tai Chi Meditation technique of the style Yang, called after the master Yang Lu Chan.What you will get? The inner balance. It seems like a small thing, however it does change people's life to the best. First of all, Tai Chi improves people's health, both mental and physical (read the disclaimer, and contact your family doctor, if in doubts).There is a saying, that the "thought is real", meaning that whatever you think can become true. This is not quite right. The thought is real, if it is the ONLY thought, if we focus on it, fully. Most people cannot do it, as there is always some "mental noise" present in their heads. Qigong and Tai Chi can help you to "empty" your head. Then you need to just tell yourself, what you need - and your body will respond.Tai Chi helps us to gain control over our emotions. The "normal" person, when trapped in the negative emotion - stays there. A Tai Chi (Qigong) person is always aware of his / her state, and can change it, any moment. I don't think I have to tell about the influence our negative emotions have on our health - it is well known.Tai Chi is not only the self-healing and meditative technique - Tai Chi Martial Art is among the most powerfull combat techniques. However, the first step is still to learn to control the energy flow in your body, the "chi". Without "chi" it will be just the wrestling. You should not expect to learn to fight after you learn the "24 forms", as it is not intended as a self-defense technique, however, it will help you a lot, if you continue studying the "inner" styles of kung fu. Please read the disclaimerLearning Tai Chi MeditationOne disadvantage the book has, when you compare it to the live class is the fact, that in the class the teacher can repeat the "rules" many times. Like "keep your back straight". In the book I can only do it here and there, otherwise the book will be too long. Nevertheless, there is a reason teachers repeat these rules, and the reason is - the students, especially the beginners, break these rules EVERY time they can. This was your fair warning. Learn the "rules", or find some other name for what you are doing, as it is not going to be "Tai Chi".Chinese Pressure PointsIn the text, I am referring to some Chinese Pressure Points located on the energy meridians.Tai Chi 24 Form: SampleDan TjansIn Tai Chi, you will find references to 3 so called dan tjans: the lower dan tjan, the middle dan tjan and the upper dan tjan.The lower dan tjan is located 4 fingers (meaning - width of your fingers, not length) below the belly button, more or less at the central plane of your body. On the surface, below the belly button, it is represented by the point called tsi hai (the list of important points can be found at the web site).This dan tjan is the most important in Tai Chi and Qigong, most of our work has at least something to do with "awakening" it and bringing energy into it. The middle dan tjan is located at the middle line of the body, at the level of the heart.The upper dan tjan is located between eyes and about 2 inches in.In Qigong, we work a lot with middle and upper dan tjans, but here, in Tai Chi 24 Form we will only mention them for geometrical references, as "bring your hands up at the level of your middle dan tjan".Tai Chi Postures and Tai Chi StepsBefore we begin with Tai Chi 24 Form, we need to learn how to walk. This is very important, and if you do it wrong, then your Tai Chi will be no more than aerobics, and a very slow one, too. In this chapter we are going to learn Tai Chi Postures, that appear as the final positions between steps. In the next chapter we will take a look at the Tai Chi Steps, and in the "Rules and restrictions" chapter we will learn some more rules, that you should apply, while doing Tai Chi Meditation."Working depth".In Tai Chi, we can not walk on the straight legs. So we bend our knees.After you have bent your knees to bring your center of gravity to the "comfortable" depth, you are going to walk WITHOUT jumping up and down, your center of gravity should (almost, there are few exceptions) always move parallel to the ground.Your back should always (again almost always, there are exceptions) be straight, and your coccyx should be turned forward (no exceptions here).I am going to repeat this one in "rules" chapter below, but nevertheless: the knee is ALWAYS on top of the toes of the fully loaded foot (one that has 100 % weight on it). Not to the side, and especially not inside.Din booPronounced "din boo", as in "book".The 100 % of weight is on the back foot. In the "classical" din boo, the back foot should be at 45 degrees to the direction your body faces. By the "body" we mean hips, as all moves in Tai Chi are done "from hips", or (which is just another way of looking at it) from the lower dan tjan.The front foot should point the same way your hips are facing. This is one of the most important rules (see "Rules and restrictions" chapter), when the foot is "empty" (no weight on it), it is always pointing the same direction with the hips. You turn your hips, the empty foot turns, in the same time.The front foot touches the ground with the base of the toes only, the heel is up. If you draw the line from the heel of the back foot to the base of the toes of the front foot, you will find, that this line going the same way hips are facing.The front foot can be away from the back foot, or it can be near the middle of the inner edge of it - there are some fine distinctions and terminology to use, but for our purposes it is the same din bu position.Sui booIn the previous position, the heel of the back foot and the base of the toes of the front foot were on the same line.In this position, the front foot is shifted outside a little bit. If you move your front foot back in din bu position, it will meet the back foot, the middle of the outer edge of its sole. If you move your front foot back in sui boo, the heel of the front foot will pass the heel of the back foot, at a very close (perhaps, a 1 millimeter) distance.Ma booA "sideways" position. Weight is equally distributed between both feet. As we cannot say which foot is "empty", there is no restriction on the way your toes are pointing, it is possible to turn them to the sides a little. However, if you can, keep your feet parallel.You don't have to go down very deep, though, if you can, make it low, with your thighs parallel to the floor. Most people cannot do it - if they do it right, and it is OK.By "do it right" I mean: a) back is straight and coccyx turned forward. If you turn it back, your low back will have the S-shape, and this is where your Tai Chi Meditation progress stops. b) Knees on top of toes.Gun booPronounced "goon boo", as in "book".The weight is 70 % on the front foot, 30 % on the back foot. The knee of the front foot on top of the toes (it means - if you project it down, the projection will go there). The back is straight, no bending. The hips are turned in the same direction the toes of the front foot are. The back foot is almost parallel to the front foot (it is just a little bit turned outside). If you draw two parallel lines on the floor, and project the center of gravity on the floor, too, then it will be in the middle, between these lines, NOT closer to the line, that was drawn through the front foot.StepsThe main idea of Tai Chi is to follow the dao, where In turns into Yan, and Yan turns into In. The leg, that has weight on it is tense, it is "Yan". The "empty" leg is "In". We walk in such a way, that In and Yan are constantly changing places, allowing your legs to do a lot of work, without getting tired.So make sure, when you have the "empty" foot, that it is relaxed as much as possible.Hands, on the other way, should always be relaxed.Tai Chi Steps: Step forwardBend your knees at the "working depth". Bring your hands a little bit to the side (about the width of the shoulders), in front of you. The angle between your hands and the plane where your back is should be 30 degrees. Palms down.Hands should be "floating", as if they weight nothing, wrists should be straight. Elbows (it is one of the "rules") should not be pointing to the sides, instead, they should hung down, relaxed.Move your weight on the left foot. Do an "empty step" forward and a little bit to the side with your right foot. The heel goes down first.This is VERY important point, so let's talk about it in details. In Tai Chi 24 Form (see below, in "rules"), only the empty foot can move (there are exceptions, every time it happens, I will explicitly warn you). So before we do a step, we need to move all our weight to the other foot. ALL of it.This is not the way people walk on the street, they bring their foot in the air in front of them, and then fall on it. In Tai Chi, it is called "double weight" and is strictly prohibited. There is a martial explanation for it - when you are "falling", you are off balance, and your opponent will use it to his advantage.So, we need to bring our foot forward, and to put it on the ground BEFORE we begin shifting the weight. Which means, that the length of our steps depends on how deep down we brought our center of gravity, when we were choosing the "comfortable depth". Of course, one can sit down, do a step, and then go up... In Tai Chi is called "jumping up and down" and is illegal, too. From the martial arts perspective, when you "jump up", your balance is compromised, when you "jump down", your ability to move is limited.As for the "energy" point of view, if your center of gravity jumps up and down, the In does not turn into Yan, when you change legs, so your "dynamic meditation" is compromised, too.After you have brought an empty foot forward, move your weight on it. To do it, first straighten your left knee, while bending the right knee. When you did it, bring your left heel up, and only after that, lift your left foot.Note, that as our empty foot should always point same way hips are facing, we can step forward and to the side, but the toes should still point forward.As before, we should avoid the double weight. It means, that we should transfer the weight smoothly, and should NOT push with the back foot, to move few more inches forward (if you have to push against the ground with your back foot, in order to lift it, it means that your step was too wide).Note, that you go forward with your lower dan tjan, keeping your back straight, and your coccyx turned forward.Finally, bring the left foot towards the right foot. From this position you can do another empty step - with the left foot, so do not put it down.Tai Chi Steps: Step backThis is the opposite to the step forward, except the foot goes back, not back and to the side.In traditional form hands are at 90 degrees, at the level of the shoulders, palms up.Move your weight on the left foot. Keep the back straight.Do an empty step back. When the foot touches the ground, the leg is almost straight. "Almost" means, that the knee should still be slightly bent. However, if we put the foot down on the base of the toes, heel up, then how are we going to move our weight back? The knee is already straight, and we are not allowed to fall on the back foot...To solve this problem, bend the ankle, so that the foot goes down with its sole (actually, you should try to move it heel down, though of course, it is not possible).Move your weight to the back foot. Do not bend, move back with your min man point.Bring your front foot towards the back foot. To do it, first bring up the heel, then the toes.Tai Chi Steps: Step with turnLet's say, you want to do a step East. Then the initial position will be facing North-East.Bend your knees, bringing your center of gravity at the "comfortable depth". Move your weight on the right foot.Turn your hips (and of course, the left, "empty" foot will turn the same direction) 45 degrees to the left (East).Do an empty step with your left foot. The direction of the step should be forward and left, at 45 degrees to the direction of the step (we face East, we step South-East). However, as we (our hips) are facing East, so does our left foot, so it steps a bit sideways. The heel goes down, the sole is still up.Move 70 % of your weight on the front (left) foot. When most of your weight is on the front foot, the "foot faces the same way hips face" rule applies to the back (right) foot. So we need to turn it, so it is pointing forward (or almost forward, as we still have some weight on it). To turn the foot, move the heel outside, rotating the foot around the iun tsuan point.At the end, we are in the gun bu position.To do the next step, we need to move our weight (100 % of it) back on the right foot, and to turn hips 45 degrees left (South-East). The front (left) foot goes toes up (not vertical, they just go up a little), and turns together with hips.Keep in mind, that the rule "knee on top of the loaded foot" still applies.Move your weight forward, on the front (left) foot, and bring the right foot into the din boo position, so that it is near the middle of the inner edge of the left foot. You should be facing South-East now.You are in the initial position for the next step. To do it, turn right 45 degrees, do an empty step and so on.Tai Chi 24 Form. 1. Initial form.Facing North.Initial position: heels together, toes together, knees straight, but not locked (just slightly bent). Palms are turned towards the body, touching the sides of the thighs.In this position, enter the "Qigong state", the state of a complete mental relaxation, with no thoughts. Feel your body growing, and dissolving. Of course, at the beginning you will just pretend to be relaxed, later this state will become natural for you."Pull" your body together again, moving your attention and your weight to your right side, at the end, 100 percent of your weight should be on your right foot.Step to the left with your left foot, but keep your weight on the right foot. As your right knee remains straight, the only way to do it is by putting the left foot on its toes. First, the thumb of the left foot touches the ground, then the second toe (pointing finger), the third, and so on. In the same time, begin shifting your weight to the left.After all toes are on the ground, keep moving your weight to the left, so that the outer edge of the left foot gets in touch with the ground, first its front part, then the middle, then the outer side of the heel.At the end, your weight should be distributed equally between left and right feet.By moving your weight from the thumb, by the circle to the heel, you are creating the initial "spin", as all tai chi movements are based in thenever-ending circles. This same circular motion creates the initial spin in your lower dan tjan (feel it, or at least keep your attention there).Also notice, that the point in the middle of your foot (lao gun, see the list of points at the web site) should not be pressed against the ground, it is very close, but if you take a strip of paper, you should be able to push it under your foot, from inside. That means, that the weight is more on the outer edge of the foot, then on the inner side.After the weight is on both feet, we need to turn our palms so that they face backwards. To do it, first, lift your baby finger from the surface of your thigh, as if it "knows" where the palm will be, and is going there. Then lift the ring finger, and so on, every time turning the palm, too. The last, thumb is turning. Note, that all that was said at the web site about the way your palms should be in Qigong, applies to Tai Chi as well. The fingers should be straight, forming a line (not an arch) with the palm. There should be an arch between the thumb and the pointing finger (not a sharp angle), and there should be an arch between the thumb and a baby finger (which means the thumb should not be in the same plane where the palm is).Imagine, that your hands are very (infinitely) long, that they go down in the ground. Keep your attention at the points dzjan dzi at your shoulders, making sure the shoulders are relaxed and down.Bring your hands up-forward to the shoulder level, keeping the feeling that they are very long. Then (do not think of long hands anymore) bend your hands slightly, and allow your hands to go down, until the angle between them and your body is about 30 degrees. All this time your palms should be parallel to the ground.While bringing hands down, bend your knees, so that you sit down to the "working" depth (Chi Shi). The "working" depth is personal for everyone. Generally speaking, the deeper you sit, the better, but most people cannot do that AND in the same time to follow multiple rules and restrictions (that we aregoing to discuss). The way it is shown at the picture is fine for an average Tai Chi student.With your weight still on two feet, turn 45 degrees left, and move your hands a little bit to the sides, as if you are expanding. This feeling of "pushing out" is called KHAI.Move your weight to the right foot, in the same time bring your right hand up, and turn your left palm up, as if you are holding the large ball. The right palm should be at the level of your shoulder, and in terms of its horizontal position, somewhere at the level of your right nipple. The left hand should be at the level of the belly button, almost under the right palm.Note, that the elbows are almost straight, this is a general rule in Tai Chi - hands should be "long".In the same time, bring your left foot to the middle of the right foot. The left foot should touch the ground with the base of the toes (heel up), and (see the rules and restriction chapter, "coordinations") it should point in the same direction your hips and face are facing.At this point your right foot, left foot, hips and face are facing the North-West. At this point, the "separation of In and Yan" begins. From your perspective, it means few more restrictions (see below the discussion about a double weight).Tai Chi: Rules and restrictions.Keep your back straight.Sometimes you will have to bend forward, either because you are not flexible enough, or because the exercise requires so, but even then, do not move up your coccyx. Always have it turned forward, just a little. As the other part of thisrestriction, the shoulders should not go down. If you bend forward, do it with flat back, keeping your coccyx forward (which means, your low back will be stretched).The reason for this rule have a lot to do with the idea, that energy channels on your back should be straight. Bringing your coccyx back will create an extra curve in your low back, and the energy flow will stop (or will never start).Relax your shouldersKeep your shoulders relaxed and down. Always, except when explicitly told otherwise. The attention should be always paid to the dzjan dzi points, they should not go up.As was explained at the web site, the result of this rule is the "30 degrees" rule. Your hands should not be in the same plane with your back. Instead, they should go only as far as 30 degreed to this plane (except when explicitly told otherwise). If we bring our hands in the same plane with our back (down, up, or to the sides, does not matter), our shoulders automatically go up, which is wrong.Knee above the footThis rule applies when your weight is on the foot. The knee should be on top of your foot, and not to the side (especially, not inside). Tai Chi is known for healing the knee problems, but if you do not follow this rule, you may as well create ones.Do not look downThere is nothing there to look at. Look forward, at the direction of the exercise.Coordinations1. Hip and foot.Your "empty" foot (one that have no or almost no weight on it) should always point in the same direction where hips face.2. Elbow - knee.The way we move our elbows is coordinated with our knees.3. Palm and foot.The palm and foot are moving in synch.Coordinations will be explained in details when we describe corresponding exercises.Empty foot movesIn some Qigong forms we do have situations, when you move the "loaded" foot, one that has weight on it. In "24 forms" we do not have it, except for the first and the last forms, that are "transitional" entry and exit forms. In all other forms, you need to move the weight off the foot before you can move it.There should be no "double weight"A direct result of the previous rule. If we move the foot (which means it is not on the ground at the moment) it should be empty. No double weight.Keep the center of gravity steadyWhen walking, do not jump up and down.Long hands, straight wristsIn Tai Chi you will find, that elbows are generally less bent, than you would expect, if you had some prior martial arts experience. Thet is due to the fact, that the "energy" is moving better through the (almost) straight hands.Due to the same reason, you will almost newer bend the wrists, except for the very little angles up or down, or sideways. However, when you push, your lao goon points go forward, which is done by combining the angle at the elbow and wrist.There are no stopsIn some Tai Chi styles there are stops, but even there the chi keeps moving. In Tai Chi Chen style there are no stops. The motions are smoothly flowing into each other.Elbows downElbows should always be "hanging" down. From the martial point of view, the "elbow to the side" is an invitation for an opponent to either kick you in the armpit, or to break your shoulder.From the "energy" point of view, the "elbow to the side" means, that your shoulders are tense.Tai Chi 24 Form: 2. Part horse's mane.From the martial point of view, this is a "splitting block", it "splits" the opponent's attack ("le" in Chinese).So far, we ended up facing North-West. Keeping your right foot where it was, with 100 % of the weight on it, turn your hips (and of course, your "empty" left foot turns on the spot, as it is synchronized with your hips) West.Step with your empty left foot forward and left, at 45 degrees to the direction of the motion (which is West). Put is on the heel, toes up-forward.Here we need to discuss an important implication of the rule "only empty foot can move". If we walk with our knees straight, we will not be able to do a step and to keep the foot empty in the same time! Most people most of the time are walking by raising the foot and then by "falling" on it. It can not be done in Tai Chi, because we will get the "double weight".So we bend our knees, and keep our center of gravity at the same level, as we move.First, we do an "empty step", keeping ALL our weight on the back (in this case - right) foot. We need to end up with our feet at the width of our shoulders, and not on the straight line, so we step forward and to the side (at 45 degrees).Note, that before we stepped, we turned at the right foot. It is very important to realize, that the right foot is now pointing North-West (as it didn't move), and our hips are pointing West. It is not a violation, as the right foot is not "empty".However, when we step forward and to the side with our left foot, we MUST keep it pointing the same direction our hips point, which means, we step at 45 degrees forward and to the left, BUT our foot is pointing West, and notSouth-West.Simultaneously with this empty step, move your right wrist inside (to the left) down and then outside, while your left wrist should move inside, up and outside. At the end, the right wrist should be on top of the left wrist, almost touching it, the angle between wrists is almost 90 degrees.Note that the hands are "long" (do not bend elbows) during the entire form.Move your weight t the left foot. When you do it, the left knee will bend, to end up on top of the end of the left foot. Note: in some martial arts, like in Karate, the knee can not go that far, but in Tai Chi the rules are a bit different.In the same time, your hands should continue moving the same arches they was going, so that the right hand ends up forward and down, slightly wider then the width of shoulders, palm down, while the left hand ends up pointing forward and up, slightly wider then the width of shoulders.As you move your weight forward, your back (right) foot becomes "empty". Move the heel outside, so that the foot spins counter clockwise around the iun tsuan point, until it is almost parallel to the left foot (almost pointing west).。
Tai Chi 太极
Tai ChiTai Chi is China's national essence, there is historical evidence that it originated from the Ming dynasty Chenjiagou Wen County, Henan Province, Chen Shi-ninth of the war in the late Ming Wang Chen created. It was a combination of various long boxing, combining to cater to the needs guidance, using abdominal breathing, so that can not sweat when Lianquan asthma, and to strengthen the power of the outbreak of the training, so that the smooth flow of qi and blood action. It also combines with yin and yang theory-based Meridian has become Shuangxiu inside and outside, and physical and mental training, awareness, breathing, movement is a combination of boxing strength. Action to start with soft pine, air support training efforts, may soon slow, soft in just Yu, there are just soft. Wire wrapped around it to Ling Jin , Neijin for reconciliation in order to form a Gangrouxiangji, internal and external consistency, the same up and down, and with speed, the Italian-shaped, wrapping good or bad times, the consistency of yin and yang.Tai Chi Chuan Yang Luchan after all-you, Stephen Wu, Sun Lutang, Wu Yu-hsiang, trillion, and so on and the development of various teachers, from schools into, sent birth-Yang, Wu and Sun style, Wu style tai chi, as well as Zhao fort, and so on.Tai Chi for all ages, gender, body size and the state are. Regular practice tai chi, the physical and mental health have an unexpected harvest. A simple but profound movement, chi-training, with strong, fitness, health, self-defense, self-cultivation, a lifetime benefit.I am a fan and tai chi practitioners, in Shenzhen, tai chi and the game of the first International Tai Chi Chuan Sanya healthy exchange of the General Assembly race, the better results. Is a collection of some of the boxing spectrum, is ready to work with you to exchange tai chi enthusiasts.New China Tai Chi Chuan EventsIn June 1952, the Central People's Government Chairman Mao Zedong's China Sports Federation for the second session of the Congress wrote, "the development of sports and enhance the people's physique," the inscription, and where the call is necessary to encourage people to do: to do gymnastics, play Class, race running, swimming hiking, shadow boxing.February 1956 National Education Committee and sports-related organizations, Branch Secretary Tai Chi Chuan martial arts expert, the traditional Yang-style tai chi for material establishment, "24-simplified Taijiquan", as the popularity of tai chi and laid the foundation for the world.November 16, 1978, the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping met with Japanese friends Miyake tai chi is a time, brush down the "shadow boxing" of the inscription, tai chi for the prosperous development of a broad roadopened up.In November 1982, the first national martial arts fight - Sanda, Taijituishou exhibition to be held in Beijing, so that the hand skill taijiquan push to show sympathy with the development, promotion of sports as a tai chi in the process.In September 1983 in Shanghai at the fifth National Games, 5000 Shanghai by the tai chi enthusiasts brought together the collective performance of the Shanghai People's Square 24-tai chi, to create a collective performance of the first 24-tai chi.April 22, 1984 -25, Hubei Xingti Wei-sponsored "International Tai Chi Chuan (sword) Invitational Tournament" held in Wuhan, brought together various factions of domestic tai chi master to stay Gu Xin, Wu Tu-nan, Li Ji, Wu Yinghua, Ma Yue Liang, Sun Jianyun, Fu Zhong Wen, Philip Yang, Yao Jizu, Wang Chen, Li Hui Guo high-class display of grace to the flourishing of tai chi, tai chi has become the world's beginning.In 1986, the National Education Committee will be shadow boxing, swords, hand-pushed as an official event the country and decided to hold a tournament every year.In March 1987, in Beijing, China held the first "Sino-Japanese exchanges of the General Assembly Taijiquan competition."In September 1987, the first Asian Wushu Championship held in Yokohama, Japan, tai chi, as an official event.In 1988, the National Education Committee of Wushu Institute of experts about the organization, according to the requirements of competition, Chen style, Yang style, Wu style and Sun style into the establishment of norms, "the four-race tai chi routines."In September 1990, the 11th Asian Games held in Beijing, was officially listed as Tai Chi Chuan martial arts events. , 1500 tai chi and Japanese fans at the opening ceremony of the collective performance of 24-tai chi.In October 1991, the first World Wushu Championships in Beijing. Tai Chi Quan Zhong as one of the three as an official event.October 15, 1998, to commemorate Deng Xiaoping's inscription of "shadow boxing" published to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Chinese Wushu Association and the 40th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square held a grand performance of Tai Chi Chuan million people.In April 2000, the Chinese martial art Tai Chi Chuan Association, began to develop strategies for the development of globalization - tai chi health project.In May 2000, the China Association for start-wu tai chi on health, decided in May of each year as a tai chi on. And the introduction of 8-16-style simplified Taijiquan.In July 2000, in support of Wushu of the Executive Committee of the Chinese shadow boxing on May, and in May set the world on tai chi.In March 2001, the first World Taijiquan and Health Conference in Sanya City of Hainan Province.。
中南财大 国际经济学--双语期末试卷
中南财经政法大学——学年第—-学期期末考试试卷国际经济学（闭卷）卷学院专业年级班级课堂号姓名（单选，共20题，每题2分）1, Under Ricardian model, If one country's wage level is very high relative to the other's (the relative wage exceeding the relative productivity ratios), then ( )A.it is not possible that producers in each will find export markets profitable.B.it is not possible that consumers in both countries will enhance their respectivewelfares through imports.C.it is not possible that both countries will find gains from trade.D.it is possible that both will enjoy the conventional gains from trade.2, According to Ricardo, a country will have a comparative advantage in the product in which its ( )bor productivity is relatively low.bor productivity is relatively high.bor mobility is relatively low.bor mobility is relatively high.3, If Australia has more land per worker, and Belgium has more capital per worker, then if trade were to open up between these two countries, ( )A.Australia would export the land-intensive product.B.Belgium would import the capital-intensive product.C.Both countries would export some of each product.D.Trade would not continue since Belgium is a smaller country.4, Under The Specific Factors model, At the production point the production possibility frontier is tangent to a line whose slope is ( )A.the price of manufactures.B.the relative wage.C.the real wage.D.the relative price of manufactures.5, The Heckscher-Ohlin model predicts all of the following except:A.which country will export which product. ( )B.which factor of production within each country will gain from trade.C.the volume of trade.D.that wages will tend to become equal in both trading countries.6, If P C / P F were to increase in the international marketplace, then ( )A.all countries would be better off.B.the terms of trade of cloth exporters improve.C.the terms of trade of food exporters improve.D.the terms of trade of all countries improve.7, When the production possibility frontier shifts out relatively more in one direction, we have ( )A.biased growth.B.unbiased growth.C.immiserizing growth.D.balanced growth.8, If Slovenia were a large country in world trade, then if it instituted a large set of subsidies for its exports, this must ( )A.cause retaliation on the part of its trade partners.B.harm Slovenia's real income.C.improve Slovenia's real income.D.improve the real income of its trade partners.9, A lower tariff on imported steel would most likely benefit ( )A.foreign producers at the expense of domestic consumers.B.domestic manufacturers of steel.C.domestic consumers of steel.D.workers in the steel industry.10, If the poor AID(aid of international development) recipient countries have a higher marginal propensity to consume each and every product than does the United States, then such aid will ( )A.worsen the U.S. terms of trade.B.improve the U.S. terms of trade.C.leave the world terms of trade unaffected.D.worsen the terms of trade of both donor and recipient countries.11, A large country experiencing import-biased economic growth will tend to experience ( )A.no change in terms of trade.B.deteriorating terms of trade.C.improving terms of trade.D.immiserizing terms of trade.12, The most common form of price discrimination in international trade is ( )A.non-tariff barriers.B.V oluntary Export Restraints.C.dumping.D.preferential trade arrangements.13, An appreciation of a country’s currency ( )A.decreases the relative price of its exports and lowers the relative price ofits imports.B.raises the relative price of its exports and raises the relative price of itsimports.C.lowers the relative price of its exports and raises the relative price of itsimports.D.raises the relative price of its exports and lowers the relative price of itsimports.14, Under Purchasing Power Parity, ( )A.E$/E = P i US/ P i E.B.E$/E = P i E / P i US.C.E$/E = P US / P E.D.E$/E = P E / P US.15, Under the monetary approach to the exchange rate, ( )A. a reduction in the money supply will cause immediate currencydepreciation.B. a rise in the money supply will have no effect on exchange rate.C. a rise in the money supply will cause immediate currency appreciation.D. a rise in the money supply will cause a proportional long-run currencydepreciation.16, When EP*/P rises, ( )A.IM will rise.B.IM may rise or fall.C.IM will fall.D.IM is not affected.17, In the short run, a temporary increase in fiscal policy causes ( )A. a shift of the DD curve to the left, an increase in output, andcurrency appreciation.B. a shift of the DD curve to the right, an increase in output, andcurrency appreciation.C. a shift of the DD curve to the right, an increase in output, andcurrency depreciation.D. a shift of the DD curve to the left, a decrease in output, andcurrency depreciation.18, How does a rise in real income affect aggregate demand? ( )A.Y ↑→ Yd ↑→Im ↑→CA ↓→AD ↓, but Y ↑→ Yd ↑→ C ↑→ AD ↑ by more.B.Y ↑→ Yd ↑→Im ↓→CA ↓→AD ↓, but Y ↑→ Yd ↑→ C ↑→ AD ↑ by more.C.Y ↑→ Yd ↑→Im ↑→CA ↑→AD ↑, and Y ↑→ Yd ↑→ C ↑→ AD ↑.D.Y ↑→ Yd ↑→Im ↑→CA ↓→AD ↓, but Y ↑→ Yd ↑→ C ↑→ AD ↑ by less. 19, Under fixed rates, which one of the following statements is the most accurate? ( )A.Monetary policy can affect only output.B.Monetary policy can affect only employment.C.Monetary policy can affect only international reserves.D.Monetary policy can not affect international reserves.20, Under fixed exchange rate, which one of the following statements is the most accurate? ( )A.Devaluation causes a rise in output.B.Devaluation causes a decrease in output.C.Devaluation has no effect on output.共5题，每题6分)1,An Economy can produce goods A using labor and capital and goods B using labor and land. Calculate the effects of the fall in the relative price of goods B on the income of the specific factors capital and land.2, suppose that one country subsidizes its exports and the other country imposes a countervailing tariff that offsets its effect, so that in the end relative price in the second country are unchanged. What happens to the terms of trade? What about welfare in the two countries?3, Describe the pattern of trade under H-O model.4, International trade leads to complete equalization of factor prices. Discuss.5,What is the Fisher Effect? Provide an example.6,Suppose E is fixed at E0 and that the asset markets are in equilibrium.Suddenly output rises. What monetary measures keep the current exchange rate constant given unchanged expectations about the future rate?（共1题，10分）A small country imports peanuts at the price of $10 per bag. The demand curve is D=400-10P. The supply curve is S=50+5PDetermine the free trade equilibrium. Then calculate and graph the following effects: A: The increase in the domestic priceB: The quota rentsC: The consumption distortion lossD: The production distortion loss.四．Essay Questions（共2题，每题10分）1,Comparing the interindustry trade and intraindustry trade.2, Construct a table that will summarize the effects of money market and output market changes on the long-run nominal dollar/ euro exchange rate.中南财经政法大学---------学年第----学期期末考试答案和评分标准课程名称：《国际经济学》（）卷课程代号：_02013020_考试形式：闭卷使用对象：1,Because good B uses land, a fall in its relative price will result in a fall in rental rates on land, and an increase in the return to capital.2,The first country is worse off by subsidy and a foreign tariff while the second one is better off by subsidy in the first one and its own tariff.3, Countries tend to export goods whose production is intensive in factors with which they are abundantly endowed.4,This statement is typically "true…but". Under a strict and limited set of assumptions, such as the original Heckscher-Ohlin model which excludes country specific technologies; non- homothetic tastes; factor intensity reversals; large country differences in (relative) factor abundances, and more factors than goods, then it may be demonstrated that internal consistency demands that the above stated sentence is "true". However, the minute one relaxes any of the above listed assumptions one may easily identify solutions, which contradict the factor price equalization theorem.5, All else equal, a rise in a country’s expected inflation rate will eventually cause an equal rise in the interest rate that deposits of its currency offer. Similarly, a fall in the expected inflation rate will eventually cause a fall in the interest rate.6, •Since output rises, demand for domestic money ris es; this increase in money demand normally pushes the domestic interest rate upwards. To prevent appreciation of home currency (given E0is expected) the central bank buys foreign assets in foreign exchange market.•This eliminates excess demand for domes tic money because the central bank issues money to pay for the foreign assets it buys.•The bank increases the money supply in this way until asset markets clear with E = E0 and R = R*.三．计算题A: D-S=50,P=20（3分）B: (20-10)*50=500（3分）C: 100*10*0.5=500（2分）D:50*10*0.5=250（2分）四．论述题1, Interindustry trade reflect comparative advantage while intraindustry trade doesnot reflect comparative advantage.（4分）The pattern of intraindustry trade itself is unpredictable while interindustry trade is predictable.（3分）The relative importance of intraindustry and interindustry trade depends on how similar countries are.（3分）。
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Po Leung Kuk
15th Primary Mathematics World Contest
Individual Contest 2012
第十五届小学数学世界邀请赛
个人赛试题
1.袋子中只有红白两种颜色的球。
汤姆从袋中取出一个球，查看袋子内的球，
5。
”之后，他把这个球放回到袋子中。
然后说：“袋子里剩下的球中，白球占
7
玛莎又从袋中取出一个球，查看袋子内的球，然后说：“袋子里剩下的球中，
12。
”那么袋子中原来共有多少个球？
白球占
17
2.已知正整数ｎ能同时被4和9整除，它的每一位数字都是4或9，且数字4
和数字9都至少有一个。
那么满足以上条件的最小正整数的末四位是多少？
3.下图是由七个完全一样的小正方形组成，直线l将图形分成面积相等的两部
分。
E是直线l与AB的交点，F是直线l与CD的交点。
如果AE与CF的长度之和是91cm，那么每一个小正方形的面积是多少cm2？
4.从2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012这九个数中选出八个
数，分别填到下图中的立方体的顶点上，每个顶点只能填一个数，每个数只能用一次。
已知立方体的每个面上的四个数的和都是8034，那么这九个数中，哪个数没有被选出来？
5. 如下图，正方形ABCD 的边长是2cm 。
E 是AB 的中点，F 是AD 的中点。
G 是CF 上的一个点，且3CG =2GF 。
那么阴影部分三角形BEG 的面积是多少cm 2？
6. 如下图，∠1+∠2+∠3+∠4+∠5+∠6+∠7+∠8是多少度？
7. 已知
()()()20122012201220122222432143214321++++++++++++= N ，
求N 的个位数字。
8. 有一个两位数，如果用这个两位数除以它的各位数字的乘积，商3余9。
如果用它的各位数字的乘积加上它的各位数字的平方和，结果还是这个两位数。
请求出这个两位数。
A E
B
C
D F G 1 2 3 4 5 7 6 8
9.按照下图的排列规律，请求出第1000列的字母和数字。
10.已知20个数的平均数是18。
如果将第一个数增加2，第二个数增加4，第
三个数增加6，……，第20个数增加40（即第n个数增加2n），那么增加以后，这20个数的平均数是多少？
11.请你在下图中的每一个小正方形内涂上红色、绿色或蓝色，两个相邻（有公
共边）的正方形不能涂相同的颜色。
那么共有多少种不同的涂色方法？
12.“保良数”是一个九位数，满足以下条件：
①这个数是四个不同质数的平方的乘积，且每个质数都小于50；
②这个数的前三个数字所组成的三位数等于最后三个数字所组成的三位数；
③这个数最中间的三个数字所组成的三位数正好是前三个数字所组成的三
位数的两倍；
④这个“保良数”大于300,000,000。
请求出这个“保良数”。
13. 如下图，O 是正方形ABCD 的内部一点，∠BOC =90°，OB =4cm ，OC =7cm 。
那么阴影部分三角形AOB 的面积是多少cm 2？
B
14. 如下图，四个点P , Q , R , S 在同一条直线上，任意两点之间的距离都是整数，Q 是线段PS 的中点，10500=⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯RS QS QR PS PR PQ 。
求线段PS 的长度。
15. 已知黑板上有11个连续正整数，玛莉擦掉了其中一个数。
如果剩下的数的总和是2012，那么玛莉擦掉的数是多少？
P S Q R。