中考模拟题(七)
【压轴题】中考八年级历史上第七单元人民解放战争模拟试题(附答案)(1)
【压轴题】中考八年级历史上第七单元人民解放战争模拟试题(附答案)(1)一、选择题1．《蒋介石日记》（1948年12月31日）中写道：“本月忧患最深……各方告急，与失败之报.几如雪花飞来。
”“本月忧患”主要是指A．重庆谈判结局不利B．全面进攻中原解放区被粉碎C．重点进攻山东解放区失败D．与共产党战略决战频频失利2．1947年，对党中央与毛泽东而言，是历经艰难的一年，又是走向胜利的关键一年。
下列史实能够证明这一点的是A．政治协商会议在重庆召开B．蒋介石全力围攻中原解放区C．刘邓大军千里挺进大别山D．辽沈战役解放东北全境3．小明在“纪念解放战争胜利70周年”的演讲比赛中，演讲词里面有“歼灭国民党军队55万余人”、“群众用小车推出来的”语句。
据此可知，他所讲的是A．关门打狗、决战东北B．大军合力战淮海C．千里跃进大别山D．中共中央转战陕北4．1947年，中国共产党颁布《中国土地法大纲》推动解放区土改运动的发展。
1948年，中共中央起草了《新解放区土地改革要点》，对新解放区的土改政策又作了许多明确的规定，解放区的土地改革运动有了深入的发展，到1948年下半年，解放区大约有1亿农民分得了土地。
材料强调了A．广大农民群众分得了土地B．土地改革为解放战争提供了重要的物力保障C．废除了封建剥削的土地制度D．土地改革的发展得益于中国共产党的领导5．2017年12月14日，当代著名作家、诗人余光中先生逝世，他的作品《乡愁》中“…乡愁是—湾浅浅的海峡，我在这头，大陆那头。
”表达了作者在台湾隔着台湾海峡对祖国大陆的无限思念。
造成宝岛台湾与祖国大陆现在分离的原因是( )A．清政府将台湾割让给日本B．荷兰殖民者占据台湾C．解放战争中国民党败退台湾D．西班牙人占据台湾6．有一首诗这样写道：“天下安危系一身，弥天下勇壮军威。
双十协定应运生，中华人民主沉浮”该诗反映的历史事件是A．西安事变B．重庆谈判C．淮海战役D．解放南京7．利用历史地图，可以帮助我们在历史学习中形成正确的时空观。
语文中考全真模拟考试(含答案)
语文中考综合模拟检测试题学校________ 班级________ 姓名________ 成绩________（满分120 分。
考试用时120 分钟。
）一、积累与运用（共5题；共41分）请在答题卡相应的田字格中或横线上端正地书写正确答案或填写相应选项。
（第1—4题每句1分,第5题、第6题每小题1分,第7题2分）1、________,路远莫致之。
（《庭中有奇树》）2、春蚕到死丝方尽,________。
（《无题》）3、人们常用曹操《龟虽寿》中的诗句“________,________。
”来比喻人虽老了却仍有雄心壮志。
4、《三峡》中总括三峡春冬之时景色的句子是：“________,________。
”5、2016年“两会”上,有委员提出用十年左右的时间废除中国大陆通行的简体字,恢复繁体字。
“繁简之争”再一次进入人们视野。
请你阅读下面的材料,完成综合性学习任务。
材料一：网上流传的“段子”中说：“汉字简化后,親不见,愛无心,產不生,厰空空,麵无麦,運无车,導无道,有雲无雨,開関无门……”（注：以上提及的繁体字与简体字的对应关系：親—亲,愛—爱,產—产,厰—厂,麵—面,運—运,導—导,雲—云,開—开,関—关。
）材料二：说汉字简化导致表意功能弱化的看法看似很有文化,其实是对汉字知识的无知……例如那个“愛”,早在晋代就有“爱”的写法了,这是由行书演化而来的——几千年来,汉字发展的主流就是由繁到简。
况且“愛”字最初表达的意思是依依不舍、舍不得的样子。
而“愛”中的“心”,是声旁的一部分,跟意思无关。
材料三：新中国成立后推行汉字简化,同一系列政治改革和社会革新有密切关系,是为政治改革和社会革新服务的,简化汉字便于书写,便于提高人民的普遍文化水平这在当时有其必要性,而现在大陆使用简体字,而港澳台地区使用繁体字,这不利于对中华文化的传承和祖国的统一。
（1）请从材料中概括出赞成和反对简化汉字的理由各两条。
（2）针对“繁简之争”,校报委托你采访语言学家赵教授,请你事先准备两个采访问题。
五年中考三年模拟七年级下册数学初中试卷北师大版答案
五年中考三年模拟七年级下册数学初中试卷北师大版答案一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分，在每小题所给出的四个选项中恰一项是符合题目要求的）1．下方的“月亮”图案可以由如图所示的图案平移得到的是（）A． B． C． D．2．某红外线遥控器发出的红外线波长为0.00000094m，将0.00000094用科学记数法表示为（）A．9.4×10﹣7 B．0.94×10﹣6 C．9.4×10﹣6 D．9.4×1073．下列各式从左边到右边的变形，是因式分解的是（）A．ab+ac+d＝a（b+c）+d B．a2﹣1＝（a+1）（a﹣1）C．（a+b）2＝a2+2ab+b2 D．a2b＝ab•a4．二元一次方程2x+3y+10＝35的一个解可以是（）A． B． C． D．5．已知a＞b，则下列不等关系正确的是（）A．﹣a＞﹣b B．3a＞3b C．a﹣1＜b﹣1 D．a+1＜b+26．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠A＝90°，直线DE∥BC，分别交AB、AC于点D、E，若∠ADE＝30°，则∠C的度数为（）A．30° B．40° C．50° D．60°7．命题“若a＝b，则|a|＝|b|”与其逆命题的真假性为（）A．该命题与其逆命题都是真命题B．该命题是真命题，其逆命题是假命题C．该命题是假命题，其逆命题是真命题D．该命题与其逆命题都是假命题8．已知AB＝3，BC＝1，则AC的长度的取值范围是（）A．2≤AC≤4 B．2＜AC＜4 C．1≤AC≤3 D．1＜AC＜3二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分，不需写出解答过程）9．计算：a5÷a2的结果是．10．计算（x+1）（2x﹣1）的结果为．11．因式分解：ab2﹣2ab+a＝．12．不等式2x﹣1＜3的解集是．13．一个多边形的内角和是外角和的2倍，则这个多边形的边数为．14．如图，将一张长方形纸片ABCD沿EF折叠后，点C、D分别落在C、D的位置，DE与BC相交于点G．若∠1＝40°，则∠2＝°．15．将不等式“﹣2x＞﹣2”中未知数的系数化为“1”可得到“x ＜1”，该步的依据是．16．不等式组的整数解为．17．如图，BE是△ABC的中线，D是AB的中点，连接DE．若△ABC的面积为1，则四边形DBCE的面积为．18．二元一次方程组有可能无解．例如方程组无解，原因是：将①×2得2x+4y＝2，它与②式存在矛盾，导致原方程组无解．若关于x、y的方程组无解，则a、b须满足的条件是．三、解答题（本大题共9小题，共64分）19．（8分）计算：（1）（）﹣2﹣π0+（﹣3）2 （2）2m3•3m﹣（2m2）2+m6÷m220．（4分）解二元一次方程组21．（5分）先化简，再求值：（a+2b）（a﹣2b）﹣a（a﹣b），其中a＝2，b＝3．22．（6分）解不等式x2﹣4＜0．请按照下面的步骤，完成本题的解答．解：x2﹣4＜0可化为（x+2）（x﹣2）＜0．（1）依据“两数相乘，异号得负”，可得不等式组①或不等式组②．（2）不等式组①无解；解不等式组②，解集为．（3）所以不等式x2﹣4＜0的解集为．23．（6分）把下面的证明过程补充完整已知：如图，∠1+∠2＝180°，∠C＝∠D，求证：∠A＝∠F．证明：∵∠1+∠2＝180°（已知）∴∠C＝∠ABD（）∵∠C＝∠D（已知），∴（等量代换）．∴AC∥DF（）．∴∠A＝∠F（）．24．（6分）如图，AD为△ABC的高，BE为△ABC的角平分线，若∠EBA＝34°，∠AEB＝80°，求∠CAD的度数．25．（8分）课本上，我们利用数形结合思想探索了整式乘法的法则和一些公式．类似地，我们可以探索一些其他的公式．【以形助数】借助一个棱长为a的大正方体进行以下探索．（1）在其一角截去一个棱长为b（b＜a）的小正方体，如图1所示，则得到的几何体的体积为．（2）将图1中的几何体分割成三个长方体①、②、③，如图2所示，因为BC＝a，AB＝a﹣b，CF＝b，所以长方体①的体积为ab（a ﹣b），类似地，长方体②的体积为，长方体③的体积为：（结果不需要化简）（3）将表示长方体①、②、③的体积的式子相加，并将得到的多项式分解因式，结果为．（4）用不同的方法表示图1中几何体的体积，可以得到的等式为．【以数解形】（5）对于任意数a、b，运用整式乘法法则证明（4）中得到的等式成立．26．（11分）某校组织学生乘汽车前往自然保护区野营．从学校出发后，汽车先以60km/h的速度在平路上行驶，后又以30km/h的速度爬坡到达目的地；返回时，汽车沿原路线先以40km/h的速度下坡，后又以60km/h的速度在平路上行驶回到学校．（1）用含x、y的代数式填表：速度（km/h）时间（h）路程（km）平路60 x前往上坡30 y平路60返回下坡40（2）已知汽车从学校出发到到达目的地共用时5h．①若汽车在返回时共用时4h，求（1）的表格中的x、y的值．②若学校与目的地的距离不超过180km，请围绕“汽车从学校出发到到达目的地”这一过程中汽车行驶的“时间”或“路程”，提出一个能用一元一次不等式解决的问题，并写出解答过程．27．（10分）已知△ABC，P是平面内任意一点（A、B、C、P中任意三点都不在同一直线上）．连接PB、PC，设∠PBA＝x°，∠PCA ＝y°，∠BPC＝m°，∠BAC＝n°．（1）如图，当点P在△ABC内时，①若n＝80，x＝10，y＝20，则m＝；②探究x、y、m、n之间的数量关系，并证明你得到的结论．（2）当点P在△ABC外时，直接写出x、y、m、n之间所有可能的数量关系，并画出相应的图形．参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分，在每小题所给出的四个选项中恰一项是符合题目要求的）1．下方的“月亮”图案可以由如图所示的图案平移得到的是（）A． B． C． D．【分析】根据平移的性质，不改变图形的形状和大小，经过平移，对应点所连的线段平行且相等，对应线段平行且相等．【解答】解：通过图案平移得到必须与图案完全相同，角度也必须相同，观察图形可知C可以通过图案①平移得到．故选：C．2．某红外线遥控器发出的红外线波长为0.00000094m，将0.00000094用科学记数法表示为（）A．9.4×10﹣7 B．0.94×10﹣6 C．9.4×10﹣6 D．9.4×107【分析】绝对值小于1的正数也可以利用科学记数法表示，一般形式为a×10﹣n，与较大数的科学记数法不同的是其所使用的是负指数幂，指数由原数左边起第一个不为零的数字前面的0的个数所决定．【解答】解：0.00000094＝9.4×10﹣7．故选：A．3．下列各式从左边到右边的变形，是因式分解的是（）A．ab+ac+d＝a（b+c）+d B．a2﹣1＝（a+1）（a﹣1）C．（a+b）2＝a2+2ab+b2 D．a2b＝ab•a【分析】直接利用因式分解的定义分别分析得出答案．【解答】解：A、ab+ac+d＝a（b+c）+d，不符合因式分解的定义，故此选项错误；B、a2﹣1＝（a+1）（a﹣1），正确；C、（a+b）2＝a2+2ab+b2，是多项式乘法，故此选项错误；D、a2b＝ab•a，不符合因式分解的定义，故此选项错误；故选：B．4．二元一次方程2x+3y+10＝35的一个解可以是（）A． B． C． D．【分析】把x看做已知数表示出y，即可确定出方程一个解．【解答】解：方程2x+3y＝25，解得：y＝（25﹣2x），当x＝14时，y＝﹣1，则方程的一个解为，故选：C．5．已知a＞b，则下列不等关系正确的是（）A．﹣a＞﹣b B．3a＞3b C．a﹣1＜b﹣1 D．a+1＜b+2【分析】利用不等式的性质对A、B、C进行判断；利用特殊值对D进行判断．【解答】解：∵a＞b，∴﹣a＜﹣b，3a＞3b，a﹣1＞b﹣1，当a＝﹣1，b＝﹣2时，a+1＝b+2．故选：B．6．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠A＝90°，直线DE∥BC，分别交AB、AC于点D、E，若∠ADE＝30°，则∠C的度数为（）A．30° B．40° C．50° D．60°【分析】根据“两直线平行，同位角相等”可得出∠B的度数，由三角形的内角和为180°可得出∠C的度数．【解答】解：∵DE∥BC，∴∠ADE＝∠B＝30°．∵∠A+∠B+∠C＝180°，且∠A＝90°，∴∠C＝180°﹣90°﹣30°＝60°．故选：D．7．命题“若a＝b，则|a|＝|b|”与其逆命题的真假性为（）A．该命题与其逆命题都是真命题B．该命题是真命题，其逆命题是假命题C．该命题是假命题，其逆命题是真命题D．该命题与其逆命题都是假命题【分析】写出其逆命题，进而判断即可．【解答】解：命题“若a＝b，则|a|＝|b|”的逆命题为：若|a|＝|b|，则a＝b，是假命题，而命题“若a＝b，则|a|＝|b|”是真命题；故选：B．8．已知AB＝3，BC＝1，则AC的长度的取值范围是（）A．2≤AC≤4 B．2＜AC＜4 C．1≤AC≤3 D．1＜AC＜3【分析】根据在三角形中任意两边之和大于第三边，任意两边之差小于第三边．即可求解．【解答】解：若A，B，C三点共线，则AC＝2或＝4；若A，B，C三点不共线，则根据三角形的三边关系：第三边大于两边之差1，而小于两边之和7．即：2＜AC＜4．故线段AC的长度的取值范围是2≤AC≤4．故选：A．二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分，不需写出解答过程）9．计算：a5÷a2的结果是a3 ．【分析】根据同底数幂的除法底数不变指数相减，可得答案．【解答】解：原式＝a5﹣2＝a3，故答案为：a3．10．计算（x+1）（2x﹣1）的结果为2x2+x﹣1 ．【分析】直接利用多项式乘法运算法则计算得出答案．【解答】解：（x+1）（2x﹣1）＝2x2+x﹣1．故答案为：2x2+x﹣1．11．因式分解：ab2﹣2ab+a＝a（b﹣1）2 ．【分析】原式提取a，再运用完全平方公式分解即可．【解答】解：原式＝a（b2﹣2b+1）＝a（b﹣1）2；故答案为：a（b﹣1）2．12．不等式2x﹣1＜3的解集是x＜2 ．【分析】先移项，再合并同类项，化系数为1即可．【解答】解：移项得，2x＜3+1，合并同类项得，2x＜4，化系数为1得，x＜2．故答案为；x＜2．13．一个多边形的内角和是外角和的2倍，则这个多边形的边数为 6 ．【分析】利用多边形的外角和以及多边形的内角和定理即可解决问题．【解答】解：∵多边形的外角和是360度，多边形的内角和是外角和的2倍，则内角和是720度，720÷180+2＝6，∴这个多边形是六边形．故答案为：6．14．如图，将一张长方形纸片ABCD沿EF折叠后，点C、D分别落在C、D的位置，DE与BC相交于点G．若∠1＝40°，则∠2＝110 °．【分析】根据两直线平行，同旁内角互补，可得∠DEG+∠1＝180°，∠2+∠DEF＝180°，再根据翻折变换的性质可得：∠DEF＝∠DEG，可得结论．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是矩形，∴AD∥CB，∴∠DEG+∠1＝180°，∠2+∠DEF＝180°，∵∠1＝40°，∴∠DEG＝180°﹣40°＝140°，由折叠得：∠DEF＝∠DEG＝70°，∴∠2＝180°﹣70°＝110°，故答案为：110，15．将不等式“﹣2x＞﹣2”中未知数的系数化为“1”可得到“x ＜1”，该步的依据是不等式两边都乘以（或除以）同一个负数，不等号的方向改变．【分析】由题意知不等式两边都除以﹣2，结合不等式的性质求解可得．【解答】解：该步的依据是：不等式两边都乘以（或除以）同一个负数，不等号的方向改变，故答案为：不等式两边都乘以（或除以）同一个负数，不等号的方向改变．16．不等式组的整数解为0，1 ．【分析】分别解两个不等式，找两个不等式解集公共部分就是该不等式组的解集，再找出符合x取值范围的整数解即可．【解答】解：解不等式x﹣3（x﹣2）≥4得：x≤1，解不等式得：x＞﹣1，即不等式组的解集为：﹣1＜x≤1，符合x的取值范围的整数解为：0，1．故答案为：0，1．17．如图，BE是△ABC的中线，D是AB的中点，连接DE．若△ABC的面积为1，则四边形DBCE的面积为．【分析】由AD＝DB，AE＝EC，推出DE∥CB，DE＝BC，推出△ADE∽△ABC，可得＝（）2＝，由此即可解决问题；【解答】解：∵AD＝DB，AE＝EC，∴DE∥CB，DE＝BC，∴△ADE∽△ABC，∴＝（）2＝，∵S△ABC＝1，∴S△ADE＝，∴S四边形DBCE＝．18．二元一次方程组有可能无解．例如方程组无解，原因是：将①×2得2x+4y＝2，它与②式存在矛盾，导致原方程组无解．若关于x、y的方程组无解，则a、b须满足的条件是a ＝且b≠2 ．【分析】①×2得2x+2ay＝2b，根据方程组无解得出2a＝3且2b≠4，解之可得．【解答】解：，①×2，得：2x+2ay＝2b，由题意知2a＝3且2b≠4，解得：a＝且b≠2，故答案为：a＝且b≠2．三、解答题（本大题共9小题，共64分）19．（8分）计算：（1）（）﹣2﹣π0+（﹣3）2（2）2m3•3m﹣（2m2）2+m6÷m2【分析】（1）直接利用负指数幂的性质以及零指数幂的性质分别化简得出答案；（2）直接利用单项式乘以单项式以及积的乘方运算法则、同底数幂的乘除运算法则分别化简得出答案．【解答】解：（1）原式＝4﹣1+9＝12；（2）原式＝6m4﹣4m4+m4＝3m4．20．（4分）解二元一次方程组【分析】利用加减消元法解二元一次方程组．【解答】解：，①×2﹣②得，3y＝﹣3，解得，y＝﹣1，把y＝﹣1代入①得，x＝3，则方程组的解为．21．（5分）先化简，再求值：（a+2b）（a﹣2b）﹣a（a﹣b），其中a＝2，b＝3．【分析】根据整式的运算法则即可求出答案【解答】解：当a＝2，b＝3时，原式＝a2﹣4b2﹣a2+ab＝ab﹣4b2＝6﹣36＝﹣3022．（6分）解不等式x2﹣4＜0．请按照下面的步骤，完成本题的解答．解：x2﹣4＜0可化为（x+2）（x﹣2）＜0．（1）依据“两数相乘，异号得负”，可得不等式组①或不等式组②．（2）不等式组①无解；解不等式组②，解集为﹣2＜x＜2 ．（3）所以不等式x2﹣4＜0的解集为﹣2＜x＜2 ．【分析】（1）根据两数相乘，同号得正知另一个不等式组为两整式均为负数；（2）根据大小小大中间找可得；（3）由以上不等式的解集可得答案．【解答】解：（1）依据“两数相乘，异号得负”，可得不等式组①或不等式组②，故答案为：；（2）不等式组①无解；解不等式组②，解集为﹣2＜x＜2，故答案为：﹣2＜x＜2；（3）所以不等式x2﹣4＜0的解集为﹣2＜x＜2，故答案为：﹣2＜x＜2．23．（6分）把下面的证明过程补充完整已知：如图，∠1+∠2＝180°，∠C＝∠D，求证：∠A＝∠F．证明：∵∠1+∠2＝180°（已知）∴∠C＝∠ABD（两直线平行，同位角相等）∵∠C＝∠D（已知），∴∠D＝∠ABD （等量代换）．∴AC∥DF（内错角相等，两直线平行）．∴∠A＝∠F（两直线平行，内错角相等）．【分析】由∠1+∠2＝180°根据同位角相等，两直线平行，易证得DB∥EC，又由∠C＝∠D，易证得AC∥DF，继而证得结论．【解答】证明：∵∠1+∠2＝180°（己知）∴BD∥CE（同旁内角互补，两直线平行）∴∠C＝∠ABD（两直线平行，同位角相等）∵∠C＝∠D（己知），∴∠D＝∠ABD（等量代换）．∴AC∥DF（内错角相等，两直线平行）．∴∠A＝∠F（两直线平行，内错角相等）．故答案为：两直线平行，同位角相等；∠D＝∠ABD；内错角相等，两直线平行；两直线平行，内错角相等．24．（6分）如图，AD为△ABC的高，BE为△ABC的角平分线，若∠EBA＝34°，∠AEB＝80°，求∠CAD的度数．【分析】根据角平分线定义求出∠CBE＝∠EBA＝34°，根据三角形外角性质求出∠C，即可求出答案．【解答】解：∵BE为△ABC的角平分线，∴∠CBE＝∠EBA＝34°，∵∠AEB＝∠CBE+∠C，∴∠C＝80°﹣34°＝46°，∵AD为△ABC的高，∴∠ADC＝90°，∴∠CAD＝90°﹣∠C＝44°．25．（8分）课本上，我们利用数形结合思想探索了整式乘法的法则和一些公式．类似地，我们可以探索一些其他的公式．【以形助数】借助一个棱长为a的大正方体进行以下探索．（1）在其一角截去一个棱长为b（b＜a）的小正方体，如图1所示，则得到的几何体的体积为a3﹣b3．．（2）将图1中的几何体分割成三个长方体①、②、③，如图2所示，因为BC＝a，AB＝a﹣b，CF＝b，所以长方体①的体积为ab（a ﹣b），类似地，长方体②的体积为b2（a﹣b），，长方体③的体积为a2（a﹣b）：（结果不需要化简）（3）将表示长方体①、②、③的体积的式子相加，并将得到的多项式分解因式，结果为（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）．（4）用不同的方法表示图1中几何体的体积，可以得到的等式为a3﹣b3＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）．【以数解形】（5）对于任意数a、b，运用整式乘法法则证明（4）中得到的等式成立．【分析】（1）由大正方体的体积减去小正方体的体积可得；（2）根据长方体的体积＝长×宽×高，可求体积；（3）根据提公因式法可求得；（4）根据几何体体积的不同表示方法可得：a3﹣b3＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）；（5）运用整式乘法法则可证明：a3﹣b3＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）成立．【解答】解：（1）由题意可得：a3﹣b3．故答案为：a3﹣b3．（2）由题意可得：b2（a﹣b），a2（a﹣b）故答案为：b2（a﹣b），a2（a﹣b）（3）由题意可得：b2（a﹣b）+a2（a﹣b）+ab（a﹣b）＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）故答案为：（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）（4）根据几何体体积的不同表示方法可得：a3﹣b3＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）故答案为：a3﹣b3＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）（5）∵右边＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）＝a3+a2b+ab2﹣a2b﹣ab2﹣b3＝a3﹣b3．∴右边＝左边∴对于任意数a、b，a3﹣b3＝（a﹣b）（a2+ab+b2）成立．26．（11分）某校组织学生乘汽车前往自然保护区野营．从学校出发后，汽车先以60km/h的速度在平路上行驶，后又以30km/h的速度爬坡到达目的地；返回时，汽车沿原路线先以40km/h的速度下坡，后又以60km/h的速度在平路上行驶回到学校．（1）用含x、y的代数式填表：速度（km/h）时间（h）路程（km）平路60 x前往上坡30 y平路60 x返回下坡40 y（2）已知汽车从学校出发到到达目的地共用时5h．①若汽车在返回时共用时4h，求（1）的表格中的x、y的值．②若学校与目的地的距离不超过180km，请围绕“汽车从学校出发到到达目的地”这一过程中汽车行驶的“时间”或“路程”，提出一个能用一元一次不等式解决的问题，并写出解答过程．【分析】（1）根据时间＝即可得到结论；（2）①根据题意得方程组，列方程组即可得到结论；②根据题意列不等式即可得到结论．【解答】解：（1）由题意得，，x，，y；故答案为：，x，，y；（2）①根据题意得，，解得：；②平路的长度最多为多少？根据题意得，x+30（5﹣）≤180，解得：x≤60，答：平路的长度最多为60km．27．（10分）已知△ABC，P是平面内任意一点（A、B、C、P中任意三点都不在同一直线上）．连接PB、PC，设∠PBA＝x°，∠PCA ＝y°，∠BPC＝m°，∠BAC＝n°．（1）如图，当点P在△ABC内时，①若n＝80，x＝10，y＝20，则m＝110 ；②探究x、y、m、n之间的数量关系，并证明你得到的结论．（2）当点P在△ABC外时，直接写出x、y、m、n之间所有可能的数量关系，并画出相应的图形．【分析】（1）①利用三角形的内角和定理即可解决问题；②结论：m＝n+x+y．利用三角形内角和定理即可证明；（2）分6种情形分别求解即可解决问题；【解答】解：（1）①∵∠A＝80°，∴∠ABC+∠ACB＝100°，∵∠PBA＝10°，∠PCA＝20°，∴∠PBC+∠PCB＝70°，∴∠BPC＝110°，∴m＝110，故答案为110．②结论：m＝n+x+y．理由：∵∠A+∠ABC+∠ACB＝∠A+∠PBA+∠PCA+∠PBC+∠PCB＝180°，∠PBC+∠PCB+∠BPC＝180°，∴∠A+∠PBA+∠PCA＝∠BPC，∴m＝n+x+y．（2）x、y、m、n之间所有可能的数量关系：①如图1中，m+x＝n+y；②如图2中，n＝x+m+y；③如图3中，n+x＝m+y；④如图4中，x＝m+n+y；⑤如图5中，y＝m+n+x；⑥如图6中，x+y+m+n＝360°。
【必考题】中考七年级历史上第三单元秦汉时期模拟试题(附答案)
【必考题】中考七年级历史上第三单元秦汉时期模拟试题（附答案）一、选择题1.近期热播的电视纪录片《舌尖上的中国》介绍了我国各地的美食C那么中原人开始吃上石榴、核桃等食物应该是在（）A.秦朝B.汉朝C.唐朝D.元朝2.下面是四位同学排演的历史课本剧“文景之治”的片段，其中一项不符合历史史实的是（）A.汉文帝命人仿照阿房宫修建皇宫B.县官王平因为关心农桑受到景帝提拔C.文帝的夫人因为铺张浪费受到训斥D.农民张三因为努力耕作受到官府奖励3. “连接亚欧风物，融汇东西文明”一一“一带一路”勾画了开放包容、和平发展、互利共赢的新蓝图。
在西汉时期，为开辟丝绸之路作出了重要贡献的是A.霍去病B.卫青C.蒙恬D.张容4.为了巩固统治，他采取了一系列稳定社会局面的措施：释放奴婢，减轻农民负担，减轻刑罚：合并州县，裁减官员，加强对官吏的监督，惩处贪官污吏；允许北方少数民族内迁，缓和民族矛盾。
社会出现了比较安定的局面，经济得到恢复和发展，历史上叫“光武中兴“，他是A.刘邦B.曹操C.光武帝刘秀D.汉武帝5.我国幅员辽阔，是一个统一多民族国家。
各民族都有自己的方言，但各民族之间的文化交流从未间断，形成了中华民族优秀的文化。
这得益于（）A.秦朝疆域辽阔B.秦朝统一货币C.秦朝统一文字D.秦朝统一度量衡6.秦统一六国后，建立起一整套专制主义中央集权制度，统一文字、货币、度量衡和车轨，修筑万里长城。
汉通过休养生息、解决王国问题、独尊儒术和北击匈奴，出现了“大一统”。
从上述内容可以概括出秦汉时期的阶段特征为（）A.统一多民族国家的建立和变革B.统一多民族国家的巩固和社会变革C.统一多民族国家的建立和巩固D.统一多民族国家的巩固和发展变化7.古老的中华文化博大精深,异彩纷呈,孕育出了与西医学完全不同的理论体系与概念范畴的中医学。
中医临床理论体系的开创者是（）A.擅长针灸的华佗B.尝遍百草的神农氏C.使用“四诊法”的扁鹊D. “治未病”的张仲景8.每当提起历史,我们就会想到那是离我们很久远的事情，其实,我们就生活在历史中，历史离我们很近。
中考数学模拟测试题(附有答案)
中考数学模拟测试题（附有答案）（满分：120分考试时间120分钟）第Ⅰ卷（选择题共30分）一选择题：本大题共10小题共30.0分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中只有一项是正确的,请把正确的选项选出来．每小题选对得3分选错不选或选出的答案超过一个均记零分． 211.下列实数中有理数是()A. √12B. √13C. √14D. √152.下列计算正确的是()A. a3+a2=a5B. a3÷a2=aC. 3a3⋅2a2=6a6D. (a−2)2=a2−43.如图AB//CD点E F在AC边上已知∠CED=70°∠BFC=130°则∠B+∠D的度数为()A. 40°B. 50°C. 60°D. 70°(第3题图）4.如图是我们数学课本上采用的科学计算器面板利用该型号计算器计算√23cos35°按键顺序正确的是()A.B.C.D.5.如图二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象的对称轴为x=−12且经过点(−2,0)下列说法错误的是()A. bc<0B. a=bC. 当x1>x2≥−12时D. 不等式ax 2+bx +c <0的解集是−2<x <32（第5题图）6. 《九章算术》是古代中国第一部自成体系的数学专著 其中《卷第八方程》记载：“今有甲乙二人持钱不知其数 甲得乙半而钱五十 乙得甲太半而亦钱五十 问甲 乙持钱各几何？”译文是：今有甲 乙两人持钱不知道各有多少 甲若得到乙所有钱的12 则甲有50钱 乙若得到甲所有钱的23 则乙也有50钱．问甲 乙各持钱多少？设甲持钱数为x 钱 乙持钱数为y 钱 列出关于x y 的二元一次方程组是( )A. {x +2y =5032x +y =50B. {x +12y =5023x +y =50B. C. {x +12y =5032x +y =50D. {x +23y =5012x +y =507. 如图 直角坐标系中 以5为半径的动圆的圆心A 沿x 轴移动 当⊙A 与直线l ：y =512x 只有一个公共点时 点A 的坐标为( )A. (−12,0)B. (−13,0)C. (±12,0)D. (±13,0)（第7题图）8. 已知反比例函数y =bx 的图象如图所示 则一次函数y =cx +a 和二次函数y =ax 2+bx +c 在同一平面直角坐标系中的图象可能是( )A. B.C. D.9. 对于任意的有理数a b 如果满足a 2+b 3=a+b 2+3那么我们称这一对数a b 为“相随数对” 记为(a,b).若(m,n)是“相随数对” 则3m +2[3m +(2n −1)]=( ) A. −2B. −1C. 2D. 310. 如图 在正方形ABCD 中 E F 分别是AB BC 的中点 CE DF 交于点G 连接AG.下列结论：①CE =DF ②CE ⊥DF ③∠AGE =∠CDF.其中正确的结论是( ) A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ①②③（第10题图）第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共90分）二 填空题：本大题共8小题 其中11-14题每小题3分 15-18题每小题4分 共28分．只要求填写最后结果．11. “先看到闪电 后听到雷声” 那是因为在空气中光的传播速度比声音快．科学家发现 光在空气里的传播速度约为3×108米/秒 而声音在空气里的传播速度大约为3×102米/秒 在空气中声音的速度是光速的_______倍.(用科学计数法表示) 12. 分解因式：ax 2+2ax +a =______．13. “共和国勋章”获得者 “杂交水稻之父”袁隆平为世界粮食安全作出了杰出贡献.全球共有40多个国家引种杂交水稻 中国境外种植面积达800万公顷.某村引进了甲 乙两种超级杂交水稻品种 在条件(肥力 日照 通风…)不同的6块试验田中同时播种并核定亩产 统计结果为：x 甲−=1042kg/亩 s 甲2=6.5 x 乙−=1042kg/亩 s 乙2=1.2 则______ 品种更适合在该村推广.(填“甲”或“乙”)14. 从不等式组{x −3(x −2)≤42+2x 3≥x −1的所有整数解中任取一个数 它是偶数的概率是______．15. 如图 △ABC 中 ∠B =30° 以点C 为圆心 CA 长为半径画弧 交BC 于点D 分别以点A D 为圆心大于12AD 的长为半径画弧两弧相交于点E 作射线CE 交AB 于点F FH ⊥AC 于点H.若FH =√2 则BF 的长为______．16.如图从一块直径为4dm的圆形铁皮上剪出一个圆心角为90°的扇形则此扇形的面积为______dm2．17.如图在Rt△OAB中∠AOB=90°OA=OB AB=1作正方形A1B1C1D1使顶点A1B1分别在OA OB上边C1D1在AB上类似地在Rt△OA1B1中作正方形A2B2C2D2在Rt△OA2B2中作正方形A3B3C3D3…依次作下去则第n个正方形A n B n C n D n的边长是______．(15题图）（16题图）（17题图）18.已知正方形ABCD的边长为3E为CD上一点连接AE并延长交BC的延长线于点F过点D作DG⊥AF交AF于点H交BF于点G N为EF的中点M为BD上一动点分别连接MC MN.若S△DCGS△FCE =14则MN+MC的最小值为______．（18题图）三解答题：本大题共7小题共62分．解答要写出必要的文字说明证明过程或演算步骤．19.(本题满分8分第（1）题3分第（2)题5分）(1)计算：(π−2021)0−3tan30°+|1−√3|+(12)−2．(2)先化简再求值：x−3x2−8x+16÷x−3x2−16−xx−4其中x=√2+4．20.（本题满分8分）为引导学生知史爱党知史爱国某中学组织全校学生进行“党史知识”竞赛该校德育处随机抽取部分学生的竞赛成绩进行统计将成绩分为四个等级：优秀良好一般不合格并绘制成两幅不完整的统计图．(第20题图）根据以上信息解答下列问题：(1)德育处一共随机抽取了______名学生的竞赛成绩在扇形统计图中表示“一般”的扇形圆心角的度数为______(2)将条形统计图补充完整(3)该校共有1400名学生估计该校大约有多少名学生在这次竞赛中成绩优秀？(4)德育处决定从本次竞赛成绩前四名学生甲乙丙丁中随机抽取2名同学参加全市“党史知识”竞赛请用树状图或列表法求恰好选中甲和乙的概率．21.（本题满分8分）如图△ABC内接于⊙O AB是⊙O的直径E为AB上一点BE=BC延长CE交AD于点D AD=AC．(1)求证：AD是⊙O的切线(2)若tan∠ACE=1OE=3求BC的长．3（第21题图）22.（本题满分8分）某工厂生产并销售A B两种型号车床共14台生产并销售1台A型车床可以获利10万元如果生产并销售不超过4台B型车床则每台B型车床可以获利17万元如果超出4台B型车床则每超出1台每台B型车床获利将均减少1万元．设生产并销售B型车床x台．(1)当x>4时完成以下两个问题：①请补全下面的表格：②若生产并销售B型车床比生产并销售A型车床获得的利润多70万元问：生产并销售B型车床多少台？(2)当0<x≤14时设生产并销售A B两种型号车床获得的总利润为W万元如何分配生产并销售AB两种车床的数量使获得的总利润W最大？并求出最大利润．23.（本题满分8分）如图在景区新建了一座垂直观光电梯．某测绘兴趣小组为测算电梯AC的高度测得斜坡AB=105米坡度i=1：2在B处测得电梯顶端C的仰角α=45°求观光电梯AC的高度．(参考数据：√2≈1.41√3≈1.73√5≈2.24.结果精确到0.1米)（第23题图）24.（本题满分10分）已知正方形ABCD E F为平面内两点．（第24题图）【探究建模】(1)如图1当点E在边AB上时DE⊥DF且B C F三点共线．求证：AE=CF【类比应用】(2)如图2当点E在正方形ABCD外部时DE⊥DF AE⊥EF且E C F三点共线．猜想并证明线段AE CE DE之间的数量关系【拓展迁移】(3)如图3当点E在正方形ABCD外部时AE⊥EC AE⊥AF DE⊥BE且D F E三点共线DE与AB交于G点．若DF=3AE=√2求CE的长．x2+bx+c与坐标轴交于A(0,−2)B(4,0) 25.（本题满分12分）如图在平面直角坐标系中抛物线y=12两点直线BC：y=−2x+8交y轴于点C.点D为直线AB下方抛物线上一动点过点D作x轴的垂线垂足为G DG分别交直线BC AB于点E F．x2+bx+c的表达式(1)求抛物线y=12(2)当GF=1时连接BD求△BDF的面积2(3)①H是y轴上一点当四边形BEHF是矩形时求点H的坐标②在①的条件下第一象限有一动点P满足PH=PC+2求△PHB周长的最小值．(第25题图）参考答案与解析1.【答案】C【解析】解：A．√12=√22不是有理数不合题意B.√13=√33不是有理数不合题意C.√14=12是有理数符合题意D.√15=√55不是有理数不合题意故选：C．2.【答案】B【解析】解：a3a2不是同类项因此不能用加法进行合并故A项不符合题意根据同底数幂的除法运算法则a3÷a2=a故B项符合题意根据单项式乘单项式的运算法则可得3a3⋅2a2=6a5故C项不符合题意根据完全平方公式展开(a−2)2=a2−4a+4故D项不符合题意．故选：B．3.【答案】C【解析】解：∵∠BFC=130°∴∠BFA=50°又∵AB//CD∴∠A+∠C=180°∵∠B+∠A+∠BFA+∠D+∠C+∠CED=360°∴∠B+∠D=60°故选：C．4.【答案】B【解析】解：根据计算器功能键正确的顺序应该是B．故选：B．5.【答案】D【解析】解：由图象可得b>0c<0则bc<0故选项A正确∵该函数的对称轴为x=−12∴−b2a =−12化简得b=a故选项B正确∵该函数图象开口向上 该函数的对称轴为x =−12 ∴x ≥−12时 y 随x 的增大而增大当x 1>x 2≥−12时 y 1>y 2 故选项C 正确 ∵图象的对称轴为x =−12 且经过点(−2,0) ∴图象与x 轴另一个交点为(1,0)不等式ax 2+bx +c <0的解集是−2<x <1 故选项D 错误 故选：D ．6.【答案】B【解析】解：设甲 乙的持钱数分别为x y 根据题意可得：{x +12y =5023x +y =50故选：B ．7.【答案】D【解析】解：当⊙A 与直线l ：y =512x 只有一个公共点时 直线l 与⊙A 相切 设切点为B 过点B 作BE ⊥OA 于点E 如图∵点B 在直线y =512x 上 ∴设B(m,512m) ∴OE =−m在Rt △OEB 中 tan∠AOB =BEOE =512． ∵直线l 与⊙A 相切 ∴AB ⊥BO ．在Rt△OAB中tan∠AOB=ABOB =512．∵AB=5∴OB=12．∴OA=√AB2+OB2=√52+122=13．∴A(−13,0)．同理在x轴的正半轴上存在点(13,0)．故选：D．8.【答案】D【解析】解：∵反比例函数的图象在二四象限∴b<0A∵二次函数图象开口向上对称轴在y轴右侧交y轴的负半轴∴a>0b<0c<0∴一次函数图象应该过第一二四象限A错误B∵二次函数图象开口向下对称轴在y轴右侧∴a<0b>0∴与b<0矛盾B错误C∵二次函数图象开口向下对称轴在y轴右侧∴a<0b>0∴与b<0矛盾C错误D∵二次函数图象开口向上对称轴在y轴右侧交y轴的负半轴∴a>0b<0c<0∴一次函数图象应该过第一二四象限D正确．故选：D．9.【答案】A【解析】解：因为(m,n)是“相随数对”所以m2+n3=m+n2+3所以3m+2n6=m+n5即9m+4n=0所以3m+2[3m+(2n−1)]=3m+2[3m+2n−1]=3m+6m+4n−2=9m+4n−2=0−2=−2故选：A．10.【答案】D【解析】解：∵四边形ABCD是正方形∴AB=BC=CD=AD∠B=∠BCD=90°∵E F分别是AB BC的中点∴BE=12AB CF=12BC∴BE=CF在△CBE与△DCF中{BC=CD∠B=∠BCD BE=CF∴△CBE≌△DCF(SAS)∴∠ECB=∠CDF CE=DF故①正确∵∠BCE+∠ECD=90°∴∠ECD+∠CDF=90°∴∠CGD=90°∴CE⊥DF故②正确∴∠EGD=90°在Rt△CGD中取CD边的中点H连接AH交DG于K ∴HG=HD=12CD∴Rt△ADH≌Rt△AGH(HL)∴AG=AD∴∠AGD=∠ADG∵∠AGE+∠AGD=∠ADG+∠CDF=90°∴∠AGE=∠CDF故③正确故选：D ．11.【答案】1×10−6【解析】【解答】解：3×102米/秒÷(3×108)米/秒=10−6故答案为1×10−6．12.【答案】a(x +1)2【解析】解：ax 2+2ax +a=a(x 2+2x +1)--(提取公因式)=a(x +1)2.--(完全平方公式)13.【答案】乙【解析】解：∵x 甲−=1042kg/亩 x 乙−=1042kg/亩 s 甲2=6.5s 乙2=1.2∴x 甲−=x 乙− S 甲2>S 乙2∴产量稳定 适合推广的品种为乙故答案为：乙．14.【答案】25 【解析】解：∵{x −3(x −2)≤4①2+2x3≥x −1②由①得：x ≥1由②得：x ≤5∴不等式组的解集为：1≤x ≤5∴整数解有：1 2 3 4 5∴它是偶数的概率是25．故答案为25．15.【答案】2√2【解析】解：过F 作FG ⊥BC 于G由作图知 CF 是∠ACB 的角平分线∵FH ⊥AC 于点H.FH =√2∴FG=FH=√2∵∠FGB=90°∠B=30°．∴BF=2FG=2√2故答案为：2√2．16.【答案】2π【解析】解：连接AC∵从一块直径为4dm的圆形铁皮上剪出一个圆心角为90°的扇形即∠ABC=90°∴AC为直径即AC=4dm AB=BC(扇形的半径相等)∵AB2+BC2=22∴AB=BC=2√2dm∴阴影部分的面积是90⋅π⋅(2√2)2360=2π(dm2).故答案为：2π．17.【答案】13n【解析】解：法1：过O作OM⊥AB交AB于点M交A1B1于点N如图所示：∵A1B1//AB∴ON⊥A1B1∵△OAB为斜边为1的等腰直角三角形∴OM=12AB=12又∵△OA1B1为等腰直角三角形∴ON=12A1B1=12MN∴ON：OM=1：3∴第1个正方形的边长A1C1=MN=23OM=23×12=13同理第2个正方形的边长A2C2=23ON=23×16=132则第n个正方形A n B n D n C n的边长13n法2：由题意得：∠A=∠B=45°∴AC1=A1C1=C1D1=B1D1=BD1AB=1∴C1D1=13AB=13同理可得：C2D2=13A1B1=132AB=132依此类推C n D n=13n．故答案为13n．18.【答案】2√10【解析】解：∵四边形ABCD是正方形∴A点与C点关于BD对称∴CM=AM∴MN+CM=MN+AM≥AN∴当A M N三点共线时MN+CM的值最小∵AD//CF∴∠DAE=∠F∵∠DAE+∠DEH=90°∵DG⊥AF∴∠CDG+∠DEH=90°∴∠DAE=∠CDG∴∠CDG=∠F∴△DCG∽△FCE∵S△DCGS△FCE =14∴CDCF =12∵正方形边长为3∴CF=6∵AD//CF∴ADCF =DECE=12∴DE=1CE=2在Rt△CEF中EF2=CE2+CF2∴EF=√22+62=2√10∵N是EF的中点∴EN=√10在Rt△ADE中EA2=AD2+DE2∴AE=√32+12=√10∴AN=2√10∴MN+MC的最小值为2√10故答案为：2√10．19.(1)【答案】解：(π−2021)0−3tan30°+|1−√3|+(12)−2=1−3×√33+√3−1+4=1−√3+√3−1+4=4．(2)【答案】解：原式=x−3(x−4)2⋅(x+4)(x−4)x−3−xx−4=x+4x−4−xx−4=4x−4．把x=√2+4代入原式=√2+4−4=2√2．20.【答案】40108°【解析】解：(1)德育处一共随机抽取的学生人数为：16÷40%=40(名)则在条形统计图中成绩“一般”的学生人数为：40−10−16−2=12(名)∴在扇形统计图中成绩“一般”的扇形圆心角的度数为：360°×1240=108°故答案为：40108°(2)把条形统计图补充完整如下：(3)1400×1040=350(名)即估计该校大约有350名学生在这次竞赛中成绩优秀(4)画树状图如图：共有12种等可能的结果恰好选中甲和乙的结果有2种∴恰好选中甲和乙的概率为212=16．21.【答案】解：(1)∵AB是⊙O的直径∴∠ACB=90°即∠ACE+∠BCE=90°∵AD=AC BE=BC∴∠ACE=∠D∠BCE=∠BEC又∵∠BEC=∠AED∴∠AED+∠D=90°∴∠DAE=90°即AD⊥AE∵OA是半径∴AD是⊙O的切线(2)由tan∠ACE=13=tan∠D可设AE=a则AD=3a=AC ∵OE=3∴OA=a+3AB=2a+6∴BE=a+3+3=a+6=BC在Rt△ABC中由勾股定理得AB2=BC2+AC2即(2a+6)2=(a+6)2+(3a)2解得a1=0(舍去)a2=2∴BC=a+6=8．22.【答案】解：(1)①由题意得生产并销售B型车床x台时生产并销售A型车床(14−x)台当x>4时每台B型车床可以获利[17−(x−4)]=(21−x)万元．故答案应为：14−x21−x②由题意得方程10(14−x)+70=[17−(x−4)]x解得x1=10x2=21(舍去)答：生产并销售B型车床10台(2)当0<x≤4时总利润W=10(14−x)+17x整理得W=7x+140∵7>0∴当x=4时总利润W最大为7×4+140=168(万元)当x>4时总利润W=10(14−x)+[17−(x−4)]x整理得W=−x2+11x+140∵−1<0=5.5时总利润W最大∴当x=−112×(−1)又由题意x只能取整数∴当x=5或x=6时∴当x=5时总利润W最大为−52+11×5+140=170(万元)又∵168<170∴当x=5或x=6时总利润W最大为170万元而14−5=914−6=8答：当生产并销售A B两种车床各为9台5台或8台6台时使获得的总利润W最大最大利润为170万元．23.【答案】解：过B作BM⊥水平地面于M BN⊥AC于N如图所示：则四边形AMBN是矩形∴AN=BM BN=MA∵斜坡AB=105米坡度i=1：2=BMAM∴设BM=x米则AM=2x米∴AB=√BM2+AM2=√x2+(2x)2=√5x=105∴x=21√5∴AN=BM=21√5(米)BN=AM=42√5(米)在Rt△BCN中∠CBN=α=45°∴△BCN是等腰直角三角形∴CN=BN=42√5(米)∴AC=AN+CN=21√5+42√5=63√5≈141.1(米)答：观光电梯AC的高度约为141.1米．24.【答案】(1)证明：如图1中∵四边形ABCD是正方形∴DA=DC∠A=∠ADC=∠DCB=∠DCF=90°∵DE⊥DF∴∠EDF=∠ADC=90°∴∠ADE=∠CDF在△DAE和△DCF中{∠ADE=∠CDF DA=DC∠A=∠DCF∴△DAE≌△DCF(ASA)∴AE=CF．(2)解：结论：EA+EC=√2DE．理由：如图2中连接AC交DE于点O过点D作DK⊥EC于点K DJ⊥EA交EA的延长线于点J．∵四边形ABCD是正方形△DEF是等腰直角三角形∴∠DAO=∠OEC=45°∵∠AOD=∠EOC∴△AOD∽△EOC∴AOEO =ODOC∴AOOD =OEOC∵∠AOE=∠DOC∴△AOE∽△DOC∴∠AEO=∠DCO=45°∴∠DEJ=∠DEK∵∠J=∠DKE=90°ED=ED∴△EDJ≌△EDK(AAS)∴EJ=EK DJ=DK∵∠J=∠DKC=90°DJ=DK DA=DC∴Rt△DJA≌Rt△DKC(HL)∴AJ=CK∴EA+EC=EJ−AJ+EK+CK=2EJ∵DE=√2EJ∴EA+EC=√2DE．(3)解：如图3中连接AC取AC的中点O连接OE OD．∵四边形ABCD是正方形AE⊥EC∴∠AEC=∠ADC=90°∵OA=OC∴OD=OA=OC=OE∴A E C D四点共圆∴∠AED=∠ACD=45°∴∠AEC=∠DEC=45°由(2)可知AE+EC=√2DE∵AE⊥AF∴∠EAF=90°∴∠AEF=∠AFE=45°∴AE=AF=√2∴EF=√2AE=2∵DF=3∴DE=5∴√2+EC=5√2∴EC=4√2．25.【答案】解：(1)∵抛物线y=12x2+bx+c过A(0,−2)B(4,0)两点∴{c=−28+4b+c=0解得{b=−32 c=−2∴y=12x2−32x−2．(2)∵B(4,0)A(0,−2)∴OB=4OA=2∵GF⊥x轴OA⊥x轴在Rt△BOA和Rt△BGF中tan∠ABO=OAOB =GFGB即24=12GB∴GB=1∴OG=OB−GB=4−1=3当x=3时y D=12×9−32×3−2=−2∴D(3,−2)即GD=2∴FD=GD−GF=2−12=32∴S△BDF=12⋅DF⋅BG=12×32×1=34．(3)①如图1中过点H作HM⊥EF于M ∵四边形BEHF是矩形∴EH//BF EH=BF∴∠HEF=∠BFE∵∠EMH=∠FGB=90°∴△EMH≌△FGB(AAS)∴MH=GB EM=FG∵HM=OGOB=2∴OG=GB=12∵A(0,−2)B(4,0)x−2∴直线AB的解析式为y=12a−2)设E(a,−2a+8)F(a,12由MH=BG得到a−0=4−a∴a=2∴E(2,4)F(2,−1)∴FG=1∵EM=FG∴4−y H=1∴y H=3∴H(0,3)．②如图2中BH=√OH2+OB2=√32+42=5∵PH=PC+2∴△PHB的周长=PH+PB+HB=PC+2+PB+5=PC+PB+7要使得△PHB的周长最小只要PC+PB的值最小∵PC+PB≥BC∴当点P在BC上时PC+PB=BC的值最小∵BC=√OC2+OB2=√82+42=4√5∴△PHB的周长的最小值为4√5+7．第21页共21页。
5年中考3年模拟英语答案七年级下册
5年中考3年模拟英语答案七年级下册篇一：5年中考3年模拟七年级下册(外研版)中考作文答案Module1LostMy school ID card. My name is Mike. Please call me at 263-1628.FoundNew watch. Is this your watch? Please call me. I am Ann and my telephone number is 622-7856.Module 2Hello, everybody. My name is Li Wei. I am 13 years old. I’d like to be the PE monitor. I like sports and I am good at playing sports. My favourite sport is basketball. I am sure I can help our class to get the best score in every basketball match. Please choose me and I will be very glad to be the PE monitor. I promise to help all of you.Module 3Our Plans in the New YearIn my family, everyone has a New Year plan. My fatheris going to find a new job to make more money. Mymother is going to work hard and look after the family well. My sister and my brother are going to study hard to get good results. They hope to go to a good university. I’m also going to study hard.I think we will be better next year.Module 4My dream school is a happy place for children to play and study. It will have little homework and more free time for us to play. The classes will be from 9:00 to 11:00 in the morning and 3:00 to 5::00 in the afternoon. Our classroom will be very big and there will be no teachers. We will learn on puters. We will send our homework to our teachers by email. Everyone will be happy in our school. Do you like my dream school?Module 5Online shoppingOnline shopping is a new way of shopping. It is popular among young people.It has many advantages. We can buy almost everything on the Internet. We can also find some cheap things on the Internet.But online shopping is not always perfect. Sometimes the product is not very good. We can only see the pictures, but we can’t touch the product with our own hands.I think online shopping is a good way. It makes ourlife easy. It is changing our way of life.Module 6Here are the directions from the station to my house. First go past the traffic lights. Then turn right. Go straight and turn left at the second corner. You will see a post office on your left and a cinema on your right. Go straight and turn right at the third corner. Go along the street for a few minutes. Youwill find my house on the left.期中测评Jack is going to have a busy weekend. On Saturday morning he is going to do his homework. In the afternoon he is going to clean the room. On Saturday evening he’s going to the library. He is going toread a book about history. On Sunday morning he’s going to play football with his friends. Then in the afternoon he is going to help his mum to do some housework. On Sunday evening he’s going to watch TVfor half an hour.Module 7Zhang Hua is my best friend. He was born in Wuhan on may 20th, 2000. He is at Xinghua Primary School . Heis helpful and friendly. His first teacher was Miss Li. His first friend was Wang Lin. His favourite sport is football.Module 8Once upon a time, there was a farmer working in his field. Soon he was very tired. So he sat near a big tree. The weather was very hot and it was very cool under the tree. A hare ran out of a hole. When it saw the farmer, it was very afraid. It ran very quickly.It ran so hurriedly that its head knocked against another tree. It died soon. The farmer was veryexcited to see it.He picked up the dead hare and took it home for dinner. He was very happy.From that day on, he no longer went for farming. He stayed by that tree, waiting for hares to e again.Module 9Dr. Bethune was a famous doctor from Canada. He was born on march 3rd, 1890. He was very kind and helpful. He came to China in 1938. He worked as a doctor in the army and saved many soldiers’ lives. He also trained Chinese doctors. He worked very hard. He was ill and died in 1939 in China at the age of 49.Module 10My name is Jeff. Last week I had a great weekend. On Saturday morning, I went to the library and read abook about history. In the afternoon, I played soccer with my friends. Then I went home and helped my mom cook dinner. In the evening, I did my homework. After that, I watched TV. The TV show was kind of boring, soI went to bed early. It was sunny on Sunday morning. I visited the zoo and saw a lot of interesting animals.I took some photos in the zoo. In the afternoon, I cleaned my room. In the evening, I studied for English test. I was a little busy but very happy last weekend.Module11Dear Mike,How’s everything going?In your last letter, you said that you wanted to know something aboutcustoms in China. Let me tell you.In China, when we meet others for the first time, we usually smile and shake hands with them. When we talk with them, we don’t stand too close to them .That may make them feel unfortable. Remember not to be late. That is the most important thing you should know.Module 12Xian Xinghai is one of the greatest posers ofclassical and traditional music. He was born in Macao, China, in 1905 and studied music in Paris later. During the Anti-Japanese War, he came back to his motherland. He only spent six days finishing writing the Yellow River Cantata. Unfortunately, he died at the age of 40 in 1945 .He was so famous that all the Chinese people will remember him forever.期末测评Tony’s Present DaysA few days ago, my friend Tony was very busy. He had to do lots of exercises. He was tired but he had no time to relax. Now he is getting ready for an exam. He hopes to have a good mark. In a few days he will have a good rest. He is going sightseeing. He will have a good time there.篇二：5年中考3年模拟英语试题及答案5年中考3年模拟英语试题及答案第I卷（共78分）第一部分听力（24分）一. 听简短叙述，选择正确答案。
2021年广东省广州市最新中考英语试题七(含答案)
2021届广州市中考英语模拟试题七一.语法选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）When you hear the word “volunteering”, what do you think of it? You may think volunteering is to help others, give 1 money or things. It is true that volunteering can help others, but it can 2 help you. If you’re sad about something that 3 , doing some volunteering can be 4 great way to do with your bad feelings.Volunteering also lets you 5 your own life in new ways. Sometimes it’s easy 6 about some things like grades and health or to get angry7 you don’t have the newest computer games. Volunteering lets you spend some time8 other things for a while.Lots of adults and kids find 9 they really enjoy volunteering.Often you10 by voluntary experiences in a different environment. For example, you might know that some kids11 really need winter clothes are just on the other side of your town.It feels12 to be able to meet a need like that. You’ll know that, thanks to you, some kids have warm coats, hats, and shoes. So no matter it’s winter clothes, food for the hungry,13 homes for some homeless pets,14 voluntary work means one very important thing —you make a15 in the world.( )1. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs( )2. A. also B. too C. as well D. either( )3. A. happen B. is happenedC. happeningD. has happened( )4. A. a B. an C. the D. /( )5. A. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw( )6. A. worry B. worries C. to worry D. worrying( )7. A. so B. though C. but D. because( )8. A. at B. in C. on D. about( )9. A. that B. what C. which D. why( )10. A. put B. are putting C. are put D. were put( )11. A. which B. who C. when D. where( )12. A. good B. goodness C. the good D. the better( )13.A. and B. but C. so D. or( )14. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did( )15.A. different B. differently C. difference D. differences1-5 BADAB 6-10 CDCAC 11-15 BADCC二.完型填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）Mike was walking home from school one day when he saw a boy in front of him had dropped all of the books he was carrying. Mike helped the boy pick up these books. As they were going the same way, he helped the boy carry some of the books. As they walked, Mike___16__ that the boy’s name was Bill. The boy told him that he __17___ computer games, baseball and history so much that he was having a lot of ___18__ with his other subjects.They arrived __19___Bill’s home first and Mike was __20__ in for a coke and watching television. The afternoon passed happily ___21___ a few laughs and some small talk, and then Mike went home. Later they became good friends. A few days before their graduation from high school, Bill asked Mike ___22__ they could talk or not. Then he told Mike that he __23___ to leave the school before they first met. “But after we spent some time together __24___ and playing, I knew that I would lose a new friend if I did that. So you see, Mike, when you picked up my books that day, you did a lot more. You ___25__ my life,” Bill said.16. A. said B. decided C. saw D. learnt17. A. played B. loved C. tried D. made18. A. questions B. ideas C. trouble D. hope19. A. at B. by C. in D. on20. A. called B. helped C. invited D .took21. A. for B. with C. from D. through22. A. whether B. if C. why D. when23. A. would plan B. was planning C. have planned D. had planned24. A. talking B. smoking C. reading D. watching25. A. helped B. found C. saved D. changed16-20 DBCAC 21-25 BABAD三.阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AHave you ever been ill? When you are ill, you must be unhappy because your body becomes hot , and there are pains all over your body. You don’t want to work, and you stay in bed, feeling very sad.What makes us ill? It is germs(细菌). Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can’t find them with your eyes, but you can see them with a microscope. They are very small and there could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs aren’t found only in water. They are found in air and dust. If you cut your finger, if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut(割开处)，some of the germs would go into your finger. Your finger would become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.26. Which of the following is true?A. If things are very small, they are germsB. If things can’t be seen, they must be germsC. Germs are only in dirty waterD. Germs are everywhere around us.27. What is a microscope used for?A. Making very very small things look much biggerB. Making very big things look much smallerC. Helping you read some newspaperD. Helping you if you can’t see things clearly28. Why don’t your parents let you drink dirty water?A. You haven’t looked at it carefullyB. Water can’t be drunk in this wayC. There must be lots of germs in it.D. Water will make you ill.29. Which of the following is not true?A. Germs can be found both in water and in the airB. Germs can go into your finger if it is cutC. If your temperature is not OK, there must be germs in your bodyD. If your finger isn’t cut, there aren’t any germs on it.30. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Germs may make us illB. Germs are in dirty waterC. Don’t drink dirty waterD. Take care of your finger.Keys: DACDABA friend of mine named Paul received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street urchin(顽童) was walking around the shining car. “ Is this your car, sir?” he asked.Paul answered, “Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas.”The boy was surprised. “You mean your brother gave it to you and it did cost you nothing? Sir, I wish…”He hesitated. Paul thought of course he knew what the boy wanted, but what the boy said surprised him greatly. “ I wish,” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in surprise, and then he said again, “would you like to take a ride in my car?”“Oh yes, I’d love to,”the boy answered.After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Sir, would you mind driving in front of my house?”Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those steps are?” the boy asked.He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled(残疾的) brother. He sat down on the step and pointed to the car.“There he is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it… then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas windows that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining –eyed elder brother climbed in beside him and the three began an unforgettable holiday ride.31. The street urchin was very surprised when_________.A. he met PaulB. Paul told him about the carC. Paul received an expensive carD. he was walking around the car32. From the story we can see the urchin_________.A. wished to give his brother a carB. wanted Paul’s brother to give him a carC. wished he could have a brother like Paul’sD. wished Paul could be a brother like that33. The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house__________.A. to show he had a rich friendB. to show his neighbors the big carC. to let his brother ride in the carD. to tell his brother about his wish34. We can find from the story that __________.A. the urchin wished Paul to give his car to BuddyB. the urchin wished to have a rich brotherC. the urchin had a deep love for his brotherD. the urchin’s wish came true in the end35. The best name of the story is__________.A. A Christmas PresentB. Paul, a Kind-hearted PersonC. A Brother Like ThatD. An Unforgettable Holiday RideKeys: BACCCCYears ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The flat next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her sit by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything seen through the dirty window was unclear. I would say to myself, “ I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window. It really looks terrible.”One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window.Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean!Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings?Since then, whenever I want to judge someone, I will ask myself first, “Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?”Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.( )36. The writer couldn’t see anything clearly through the window because_______.A. the woman’s window was dirtyB. the wr iter’s window was dirtyC. the woman lived nearbyD. the writer was near-sighted( )37. The writer was surprised that____________.A. the woman was sitting by her windowB. the woman’s window was cleanC. the woman did cleaning in the afternoonD. the woman’s window still looked terrible( )38. “It dawned on me” probably means “_______”A. I began to understand itB. it cheered me upC. I knew it grew lightD. it began to get dark( )39. It’s clear that________.A. the writer had never met the woman beforeB. the writer often washed her windowsC. they both worked as cleanerD. they lived in a small town( )40. From the passage, we can learn _________.A. one shouldn’t criticize(批评)others very oftenB. one should often make his window cleanC. one must judge himself before he judges othersD. one must look at others through his own dirty windowsKeys: BBAACDStress(压力) is everywhere in our everyday life. Not only men have it, but also women and young people. The most important reasons of stress are: death, diseases, exams, making money, getting married, moving houses, changing jobs, ending friendship and so on.How do you know whether you have stress? Could you give your answers to the following questions?Do you Yes NoEasily get angry?Often sleep badly?Get headaches a lot?Take sleeping pills？Find it difficult to relax?Usually hide your feelings?Smoke and drink a lot to keep quiet?Find it difficult to put your heart into something?If your answer “Yes” to more than two of these questions, you are one of those people with stress. So what can you do about it?Doing relaxing exercises, talking with friends and listening to light music are all usual ways of relieving(减轻) stress. However, doctors now say that there are easier ways—people should laugh and smile more often. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should X more often, because crying in the natural way of relieving stress.41. Which of the following is NOT the reason of the stress?A. Taking examsB. Changing jobsC. Taking sleeping pillsD. Making money42. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Women and young people never have stressB. Stress is everywhere in our everyday lifeC. People who answer “No” to all of the questions have great stressD. People who answer “Yes” to more than two of the questions have no stress.43. What’s the easier way to relax your body?A. Talking with friendsB. Listening to light musicC. Doing relaxing exercisesD. Laughing, smiling and crying44. “X” in the passage should be the word “______”.A. cryB. laughC. smileD. smoke45. The main idea of the passage is ____________.A. about stress and how to relieve your stressB. that there are many reasons for having stressC. that laughing and smiling more can help relieve your stressD. that doing the Stress Test is a good way to help you to live a better life.Keys: CBDAA第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）A camping trip can be a pleasant way to see the great outdoors. 46 Whether camping near a large city, in a forest in the mountains, or near a windswept beach a successful camping trip is always dependent on the planning beforehand.The first consideration in planning any camping trip is the weather, 47 When planning your trip, always check weather forecasts a few days before you leave.Clothing for camping is largely dependent on the weather but even in the summer it is wise to bring clothing for both hot and cold temperatures. 48Whatever you choose for shelter(庇护所), make sure you know how to use it properly and see that it keeps the rain off your sleeping area. Do remember that the sleeping bag you choose should fit the season.49 Bring along a first aid kit(急被箱) and go over any safety rules with everyone in your party. Bring a cell phone in case of an emergency. Keep it turned off if you prefer, but it will be there if necessary. At least, have an emergency back-up plan. 50 Tell them where you will be and when to expect you back and make sure everyone in the party knows what to do and where to go if there is an injury or if someone gets lost.A Safety is important on every camping trip.B. Leave information at home or with friendsC Bring a few more clothes than you need and plenty of Socks.D. It s also a wonderful chance for families and friends to spend time together.E. Most people camp during the summer months when the air is warm and inviting.Keys: 46-50 DECAB四.写作（共三节，满分30分）第一节语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，滿分5分）The Internet plays an 51.i___________ part in our 52.d___________ life, especially in young people’s life. A report shows that thirty-eight percent of students use the Internet very often. Most of them get useful 53.i ___________ on the Internet. They use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don’t use it in a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites they shouldn’t l ook at, some make friends on the Internet, and they even meet their online friends. Bad things may happen if students 54.s___________ too much time on the Internet. To help students use the Internet properly, we have written a book. It uses many examples to 55. t___________ students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice. The Internet can be a helpful tool, but don’t let it take up all of your time.Keys: 51. important 52. daily 53. information 54. spend 55. teach第二节完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）56.老师们在尽力阻止学生进入网吧。
中考数学模拟测试题(附含答案)
中考数学模拟测试题（附含答案）（满分：120分；考试时间120分钟）一、单选题。
（每小题4分，共40分） 1.实数﹣2023的绝对值是（ ）A.2023B.﹣2023C.12023 D.﹣120232.如图是由6个相同的正方体搭成的几何体，这个几何体的主视图是（ ）A. B. C. D.3.山东省济南济阳区躯曲堤街道，号称中国黄瓜之乡，特产曲堤黄瓜，全国农产品地理标志，2022年，该街道黄瓜年产值超15 0000 0000元，将数字15 0000 0000用科学记数法表示为（ ） A.15×108 B.1.5×109 C.0.15×1010 D.1.5×1084.如图，AB ∥CD ，点E 在AB 上，EC 平分∠AED ，若∠2=50°，则∠1的度数为（ ） A.45° B.50° C.65° D.80°（第4题图） （第8题图） （第9题图）5.数学中的对称之美无处不在，下列是张强看到的他所在小区的垃圾桶上的四幅垃圾分类标志图案，如果不考虑图案下面的文字说明，那么这四幅图案既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形的是（ ）A.有害垃圾B.可回收物C.厨余垃圾D.其它垃圾 6.化简：x 2x 2－4÷xx －2=（ ）A.1B.xC.xx－2D.xx+27.现将正面分别标有“善”、“美”、“济”、“阳”图案的四张卡片（除卡片正面内容不同处，其余完全相同），背面朝上放在桌面上，混合洗匀后，王刚从中随机抽取两张，则这两张卡片的图案恰好可以组成济阳概率是（）A.12B.13C.14D.168.反比例函数y=kx在第一象限的图案如图所示，则k的值可能是（）A.9B.18C.25D.369.如图，点C是直线AB为4的半圆的中点，连接BC，分别以点B和点C为圆心，大于12BC的长为半径画弧，两弧相交于点D，作直线OD交BC于点E，连接AE，则阴影部分面积为（）A.πB.2πC.3√3－πD.2√3－π10.把二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a＞0）的图象作关于y轴的对称变换，所的图象的解析式为y=a （x+1）2－a2，若（m－2）a+b+c≥0成立，则m的最小整数值为（）A.2B.3C.4D.5二、填空题。
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中考模拟题(七)
第Ⅰ卷
（选择题 共70分）
一、本大题共35小题，每小题2分，共计70分。在所给的四个选项中，只有一项是最
符合题意的。
1．图中①、②、③、④四地自然条件相比
A．①、②两均为荒漠 B．②地年降水量最少
C．③地有明显的旱季和雨季 D．④地比①地气温较差大
2．下列铁路线两端的城市1月平均气温差别最小的是
A．京哈线 B．焦柳线 C．浙赣线 D．青藏线
3．下列叙述错误的是
A． 本初子午线位于中时区 B．1800 经线既位于东12区，又位于西12区
B． 当淄博（东八区）北京时间12点时，成都（东七区）北京时间也是12点
D．自东12区向东越过日界线进入西12区时，日期加一天，但时刻不变
4．下列商业中心分布在我国西部地区，又位于黄河流域的是
A．成都 B．北京 C．西安 D．兰州
5．煤炭、铁矿、粮食都可以出口的国家是：
A．美国 B．澳大利亚 C．法国 D．巴西
6．12月份，自东向西穿过直布罗陀海峡的航船常遇到
A．顺风顺水 B．逆风顺水 C．顺风逆水 D．逆风逆水
7．某企业家计划投资建设一个
大型柑橘种植园，你认为他
考虑的地区中，较适宜的是
A．①③⑥
B．①②③
C．②④⑤
D．④⑤⑥
8．唐诗“孤帆远影碧空尽，唯见长江天际流”是指长江的
Ａ．上游 Ｂ．中游 Ｃ．下游 Ｄ．入海口
9．下列岛屿中，位于香港至伦敦航运捷径上的是
③皖南山区
②长白
山区
① 武 夷 山 区
④太行山区
⑤ 黄 土 高 原
⑥ 浙南
山区
A．斯里兰卡岛 B．新西兰岛
C．马达加斯加岛 D．台湾岛
10．中国和德国最大的工业区，区内发展工业的共同优势是
A．水陆交通便利 B．煤炭资源丰富
C．水力资源丰富 D．有“鱼米之乡”之称
第Ⅱ卷
（非选择题 共80分）
二、本大题共6小题，共80分。
36．阅读下列材料，回答问题：
材料一： 2001年7月我国申奥成功。北京将按“绿色奥运、人文奥运和科技奥运”的理念
改善城市环境，武装各项设施，准备在2008年奉献给世界一届历史上最出色的奥运会。
材料二： 据统计，20世纪50年代以来，北京沙尘暴出现的次数明显增加：50年代5次，
60年代8次，70—80年代13—14次，90年代至2000年初已经发生过20多次。2002年3
月中旬，一场10年以来最大的沙尘暴天气再次席卷北京等地。沙尘暴对北京大气环境质量
正构成着严重威胁。
材料三： 研究表明发生在内蒙古和新疆的沙尘暴是影响北京大气颗粒物的主要原因之一。
（1） 北京城市职能是什么？（1分）
（2） 下列气候类型属北京气候的是（ ）（1分）
（3） 根据北京天气与气候特征，北京举办2008年奥运会最佳季节是 （ ） （1分）
A．春季 B夏季 C秋季 D冬季
（4） 春季北京沙尘暴天气频发的自然原因是什么？（2分）
（5）目前北京正在大搞城市绿化建设，确保2007年全市林木覆盖率达50%。城市绿地的作
用主要有哪些（至少三项）？（3分）
（6）内蒙古在保护环境方面应做好哪些工作？（2分）
37．材料一：东南亚图
材料二：2004年12月26日上午8时（东7区），在图中C地发生8．5级强烈地震，地震
引发的海啸形成高达十几米的波浪横扫附近海区。
根据以上材料，回答下列问题:
（1）在第三届东盟湄公河流域开发合作部长级会议上，各国代表原则上通过了泛亚铁路的
修建计划，该铁路的起点A国是 ，终点B市是 （省会）。（2分）
（2）简答该铁路的修建对我国西南地区，特别是云南对外贸易的意义。(2分)
（3）图中C河为 河，是东南亚著名的国际性河流，该河下游流域栽培一种世界著名
的“浮稻”（该稻谷可随水位涨落漂浮），“浮稻”反映了C河的水文特点是
；这种特点的形成原因是 。（3分）
（4）东南亚丰富的旅游资源吸引大批中国人来此旅游。目前在我国， 已成为了
一条国际旅游热线之一。（1分）
（5）首先受到地震和海啸冲击的国家是 ，地震发生时北京时间
是 。（2分）
1．C 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A
36．（1）全国政治、文化中心和国际交往城市（2）C（3）C（4）春季北方气候干旱，西北
风强劲；蒙古及西北地区植被覆盖率低，荒漠化严重。
（5）美化环境，消除噪音，净化空气，降低气温，增加空气湿度，涵养水源等。（答出其中
任意三项即可得分）
（5） 植树种草，治理沙漠化和草场退化，减少沙尘对北京的影响。
37．（1）新加坡 昆明（2）便于云南物产的出口和短缺商品的进口，加强对外贸易和旅游
业的发展以及促进经济的繁荣等（3）湄公河 水量和水位的季节变化大 受西南季风（热
带季风）影响所致。（4）新马泰（5）印度尼西亚 2004年12月26日上午9时