初中英语句子成分及五大基本句型演示文稿
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初中英语语法：句式(共53张PPT)
宾语补足语
用来补充说明宾语，使宾语的意思更完整 宾语补足语一般位于宾语之后
His blame made Andy cry.
1.句子的成分 LOGO
练习：指出下列划线部分的句子成分
I am a student. He gave me some money. The beautiful girl helps me English. Tom and Mary are doctors. Students study. They like animals. She is cute.
2.五大基本句型 LOGO
④带特殊疑问词的不定式短语作直接宾语
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+疑问词+不定式
She told me how to understand the article. They wanted to know where to solve the problem. The boy asked her why to do so. I asked him which one to choose.
2.五大基本句型 LOGO
④主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)
He lend me① a book②
①间接宾语 间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前， ②直接宾语 如果间接宾语在后，间接宾语必须加to/for
He lend a book② to me①
双宾语
直接宾语 及物动词的直接对象 间接宾语 表示该动词所表示的动作所及的人或物（通常由n.或pron.的宾格担任）
注意：所用动词都是及物动词，可作宾语的有名词、代词、不定 式、动名词或短语及从句
用来补充说明宾语，使宾语的意思更完整 宾语补足语一般位于宾语之后
His blame made Andy cry.
1.句子的成分 LOGO
练习：指出下列划线部分的句子成分
I am a student. He gave me some money. The beautiful girl helps me English. Tom and Mary are doctors. Students study. They like animals. She is cute.
2.五大基本句型 LOGO
④带特殊疑问词的不定式短语作直接宾语
主语+及物动词+间接宾语+疑问词+不定式
She told me how to understand the article. They wanted to know where to solve the problem. The boy asked her why to do so. I asked him which one to choose.
2.五大基本句型 LOGO
④主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)
He lend me① a book②
①间接宾语 间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前， ②直接宾语 如果间接宾语在后，间接宾语必须加to/for
He lend a book② to me①
双宾语
直接宾语 及物动词的直接对象 间接宾语 表示该动词所表示的动作所及的人或物（通常由n.或pron.的宾格担任）
注意：所用动词都是及物动词，可作宾语的有名词、代词、不定 式、动名词或短语及从句
初中英语句子成分和五大基本句型ppt课件精选ppt
2020/6/9
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(三) 挑出下列句中的定语 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. A beautiful girl is running to us. 5. The boy in the clssroom is crying.
She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
20I20/6/t9 hink that he is g.ood boy.
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宾语补足语
• 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思， 还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意 思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．
2020/6/9
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一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
He is writing with a pen.
英语句子成分和五个基本句型PPT课件
Three times five is fifteen.
数词
His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式
My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.
句子
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一 般放在__动_词__/动__词_短__语_之后。_介__词__词后也会跟宾语。
He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式
We need know what others are doing. 句子
We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
（五）定语 是修饰_名__词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修 饰的名词之_前____；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰
We try to make our country strong. 形容词
We found everything in good order there.介词短语
I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式
I saw him going upstairs.
与宾语补足语一样
构成句子的成分有很多，比如：主语、 谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语以及 表语等。 但是，我们要记住
任何一个句子，都必须拥有自己的 主语和谓语！
dancing.
伴随状语
If he goes, so will I .
条件状语
Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
初中英语五种简单句基本句型结构之主谓双宾结构及其句子成分 (共27张ppt)
2020/5/22
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动词后面跟双宾语时可以采用两种结构：
① 常用句型为：主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)。 如：
She gave me a cup of tea. 她给了我一杯茶。 He often gives me some help. (他常常帮我。)
②有时，间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语，放在 直接宾语的后面。主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。 注意,一般情况介词用to,但动词是make, buy, borrow时,介词用for. 如：Please make me a kite. 请给我做个风筝。
3. 当间接宾语比直接宾语长时。 如： On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person. 在公共汽车上，他经常把座位让给老人。
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由to连接间接宾语的动词有： pass, give, show, tell,lend, take等； 由for连接间接宾语的动词有： buy, cook, get, sing, make等。
2020/5/22
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下面几种情况，通常要用介词to或for引起的短语： 1. 当直接宾语是人称代词（it/them），间接宾语是名词 时：或两个宾语都是人称代词时。
如： The watch is Li Lei's. Please give it to him. 这块手表是李雷的。请把它给他。
2. 当强调间接宾语时。 如： Mother cooks breakfast for us every day. 母亲每天都为我们做早饭。
2020/5/22
中考英语--英语五大句子基本结构 课件(共张PPT)
主
谓
状
连主
didn’t send cards to my friends.
谓
宾
状
I got up early and bought thirty cards.
I got up early and bought thirty cards.
主谓
状
连
谓
定
宾
He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.
• She gave John a book． • She bought a book for me.
基本句型实例
• 5. SVOC (主语＋动词＋ 宾语＋宾语补语)
• She makes her mother angry． • We believed him honest. • The teacher asked me to read the passage.
I get up early on Sundays.
主
谓
状
状
I looked at the young man and the
young woman angrily.
I looked at the young man and the
主
谓
宾
young woman angrily.
宾
状
I read a few lines,but I didn’t understand a word.
He is working for a bபைடு நூலகம்g firm and he has
八大句子成分和五个基本句型PPT课件
1. She│ ordered│ herself │ a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳. 2. I│showed│him│my pictures. 我给他看 我的照片. 3. He │ bought│ you│ a dictionary.他给 你买了一本字典.
第16页/共17页
感谢您的观看！
第9页/共17页
Practice: The tall boy often plays football in the playground at weekends. (定语)主语 (状语)+ 谓语 +宾语（状 语基本状句语型）之一：主+谓+宾
第11页/共17页
五个基本句型
基本句型一: S + Vi. (主+谓) 基本句型二: S + Lv + P (主+系+表)
1. Who│ knows │ the answer？ 谁知道答 案？ 2. He │ enjoys │ reading. 他喜欢看书. 3. He │ admits│ that he made a mistake. 他承认犯了错误.
第15页/共17页
4. S + Vt. + IO + DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
• 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态， 常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如：
• We plant trees every year. • We study for the people. • I can speak a little English.
第4页/共17页
• 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，动作的承受者 • People make chances. • I am reading a book. • I like to play with him.
第16页/共17页
感谢您的观看！
第9页/共17页
Practice: The tall boy often plays football in the playground at weekends. (定语)主语 (状语)+ 谓语 +宾语（状 语基本状句语型）之一：主+谓+宾
第11页/共17页
五个基本句型
基本句型一: S + Vi. (主+谓) 基本句型二: S + Lv + P (主+系+表)
1. Who│ knows │ the answer？ 谁知道答 案？ 2. He │ enjoys │ reading. 他喜欢看书. 3. He │ admits│ that he made a mistake. 他承认犯了错误.
第15页/共17页
4. S + Vt. + IO + DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
• 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态， 常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如：
• We plant trees every year. • We study for the people. • I can speak a little English.
第4页/共17页
• 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，动作的承受者 • People make chances. • I am reading a book. • I like to play with him.
初中英语五种简单句基本句型结构之主谓结构及其句子成分 (共24张PPT)
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基本句型结构
Ｓ +Ｖ（主＋谓）
即 Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)
• 特点：句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思。 • 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介
词短语、状语从句等。
如：
1.The sun was shining. 阳光灿烂。
2.The universe remains. 宇宙仍然存在。
主谓
主语 主谓
谓语
主谓结构
01
主语( Subject ):主语是一句话的中心，表示所说的是谁或 是什么，其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。主语主 要由名词，代词，动名词，形容词，分词，副词，数词，动词不 定式或不定式短语， 从句，某些固定词组来充当。
Li Lei is a Chinese boy. ( Li Lei 是名词，作主语。)
类似的还有:agree， go，work， listen， look， come，die， belong， fall，exist， rise，arrive，sit，sail， hurry，fail， succeed，get，feel， keep， look， make， prove， remain， rest， rise， seem， stand， stay， turn， turn out
The earthquake left many people homeless. 地震使许多人无家可归。
不难看出：一个简单句，有且仅有一个谓语动词。
谓语：主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。 由“不及物动词”、“及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构 成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如： He is lying on the ground. （动词作谓语,表示：主语状态）
初中英语句子成分和五大基本句型PPT课件
2020/6/3
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谓语：
• 谓语说明主语做什么，以什么状态 或特征存在，由简单动词或者动词 短语构成．
They are teachers.
She looks well.
He studies hard.
He laughed at his classmates.
He can speak English.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
He is writing with a pen.
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
2020/6/3
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定语
• 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数 词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词， 从句都可以充当定语．
•I heard my name called.
2020/6/3
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状语
• 状语用来修饰动词，形容词或副词．它表示行为发 生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．一般由副词， 介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当， 也可由从句来充当．
He did it carefully.
He studied very hard.
2020/6/3
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(三) 挑出下列句中的定语 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. A beautiful girl is running to us. 5. The boy in the clssroom is crying.
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He is writing with a pen.
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
定语
• 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数 词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词， 从句都可以充当定语．
• The black bike is mine.
• What’s your name?
•I heard my name ca副词．它表示行为发 生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．一般由副词， 介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当， 也可由从句来充当．
He did it carefully.
He studied very hard.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
或特征存在，由简单动词或者动词 短语构成．
They are teachers.
She looks well.
He studies hard.
He laughed at his classmates.
He can speak English.
表语：
• 表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词， 形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词， 短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面．
(三) 挑出下列句中的定语 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. A beautiful girl is running to us. 5. The boy in the clssroom is crying.
初中英语句子成分及五大基本句型演示文稿
什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第
一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？ ！
I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !
句子包括哪些成分？
• 它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现 在分词和过去分词充当． • If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
• Leave the door open.
•We found John out when we arrived.
• Make yourself at home.
• I have 5 books.
•A sleeping boy is sleeping.
• They made paper flowers.
• The boy in the room is Jack.
三、同位语：
同位语 当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位 置时，一个句子成分用来说明和解释另一个句子 成分，这个句子成分就叫做它的同位语。 We students should study hard. (students 是 we 的 同 位 语 ， 都 是 指 同 一 批 ‘ 学 生’） Li Lei, my brother, came to see me today. (my brother是Li Lei的同位语）
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
He often helps me.
I like watching TV.
She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
I think that he is good boy.
宾语补足语
• 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思， 还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意 思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．
• １．主语：主语是在句子中说明全句 中心主题的部分．一般由名词，代词， 不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位 置一般在句首．
The girl is pretty.
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
They are good friends.
谓语： • 谓语说明主语做什么，以什么状态
I am a teacher.
She feels happy.
Everybody is here.
They are at home now.
He went mad.
Seeing is believing.
宾语
• 宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短 语，不定式，动名词，从句充当．它和及物动 词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后． She plays the piano.
(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 -- The old man was feeling very tired. -- The leaves have turned yellow. -- He is a teacher while his little brother is still a junior middle school student.
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种， 即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补 语。英语的基本成分有八种：主语 （subject）、谓语（predicate）、表 语（predicative）、宾语（object）、 定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 、 补语（complement）、同位语。
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
定语
• 定语用来修饰名词或代词．形容词，代词，数 词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词， 从句都可以充当定语．
• The black bike is mine.
• What’s your name?
•I heard my name ca副词．它表示行为发 生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度．一般由副词， 介词短语，不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当， 也可由从句来充当．
He did it carefully.
He studied very hard.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
或特征存在，由简单动词或者动词 短语构成．
They are teachers.
She looks well.
He studies hard.
He laughed at his classmates.
He can speak English.
表语：
• 表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词， 形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词， 短语，或者从句充当．表语位于系动词后面．
(三) 挑出下列句中的定语 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep. 4. A beautiful girl is running to us. 5. The boy in the clssroom is crying.
初中英语句子成分及五大基本句型演示文稿
什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第
一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？ ！
I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !
句子包括哪些成分？
• 它可以由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现 在分词和过去分词充当． • If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
• Leave the door open.
•We found John out when we arrived.
• Make yourself at home.
• I have 5 books.
•A sleeping boy is sleeping.
• They made paper flowers.
• The boy in the room is Jack.
三、同位语：
同位语 当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位 置时，一个句子成分用来说明和解释另一个句子 成分，这个句子成分就叫做它的同位语。 We students should study hard. (students 是 we 的 同 位 语 ， 都 是 指 同 一 批 ‘ 学 生’） Li Lei, my brother, came to see me today. (my brother是Li Lei的同位语）
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
He often helps me.
I like watching TV.
She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
I think that he is good boy.
宾语补足语
• 在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思， 还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意 思．它起补充说明宾语干什么，怎么样的作用．
• １．主语：主语是在句子中说明全句 中心主题的部分．一般由名词，代词， 不定式，动名词或从句充当．它的位 置一般在句首．
The girl is pretty.
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
They are good friends.
谓语： • 谓语说明主语做什么，以什么状态
I am a teacher.
She feels happy.
Everybody is here.
They are at home now.
He went mad.
Seeing is believing.
宾语
• 宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短 语，不定式，动名词，从句充当．它和及物动 词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后． She plays the piano.
(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 -- The old man was feeling very tired. -- The leaves have turned yellow. -- He is a teacher while his little brother is still a junior middle school student.
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种， 即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补 语。英语的基本成分有八种：主语 （subject）、谓语（predicate）、表 语（predicative）、宾语（object）、 定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 、 补语（complement）、同位语。