最新高考考前模拟考试英语模拟试卷1(后带答案解析_很实用!)

阅读理解(共两节)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

AHere are some kids who had great ideas that they turned into inventions. We call these kids “brain children”．Six-year-old Suzanna Goodin, tired of cleaning the cat food spoon, came up with the idea of a spoon-shaped cracker that can be eaten. She won a grand prize for her invention in the Weekly Reader National Invention Contest.Eight-year-old Theresa Thompson and her 9-year-old sister Mary were the youngest sisters to receive a US patent. They invented a solar tent for a science fair project in 1960. They called the device a Wigwarm.At age 9, Margaret Knight began working in a cotton mill, where she saw a steel-tipped shuttle (梭子) fly out and hit a nearby worker. As a result, Margaret made her first invention: a shuttle restraining device. She went on to invent the machine that makes the square-bottom paper bags we still use for shopping today. That machine was patented in 1871.Eleven-year-old Jeanie Low received a patent on March 10, 1992, for inventing the Kiddie Stool(凳子) — a fold-up stool that fits under the sink so kids can unfold it, stand on it, and reach the sink on their own!Becky Schroeder began her patenting career when she was 14 years old. She put phosphorescent_paint on paper under her writing paper so that she could write in the dark. This invention was later used in all sorts of ways. Doctors use it in hospitals to read patients' charts at night without waking them, and astronauts use it when their electrical systems are turned down for recharging.Fourteen-year-old Pamela Sica invented a push-button device that raises the floor of a car so that goods can be raised and easily removed. Her invention won a grand prize for her age group in the Weekly Reader National Invention Contest. She wanted to patent her invention but found that it was too expensive.Eight­year­old Chelsea Lannon received a patent in 1994 for the “pocket diaper (尿布)”，a diaper that has a pocket that holds things. She got her idea while helping her mother with her baby brother — while she was still in kindergarten!21．Which inventions won a prize in the Weekly Reader National Invention Contest?A．The spoon-shaped cracker and the shuttle restraining device.B．The shuttle restraining device and the Kiddie Stool.C．The Kiddie Stool and the pocket diaper.D．The spoon-shaped cracker and the device that raises the floor of a car.22．What can we know from the passage?A．Theresa Thompson was the youngest child to make an invention.B．A Wigwarm can be used to make paper bags.C．Margaret Knight made more than one invention.D．Jeanie Low invented the spoon-shaped cracker that can be eaten.23．According to Paragraph 6, “phosphorescent paint” probably refers to a kind of paint that________．A．can produce light in the darkB．is used to write thingsC．is produced in the darkD．is specially designed for doctors24．The idea of the pocket diaper occurred to Chelsea Lannon when she________．A．was cleaning the cat food spoonB．was in primary schoolC．was helping her motherD．was working in a cotton millBFor thousands of years comets have been a mystery to man. They travel across the sky very fast and have a bright “tail” of burning gas. The comet Tempel 1 has an orbit far outside the orbit of the furthest planet in our solar system, Pluto. It has been there for 4.6 billion years, 133 million kilometers from Earth.Once a little American spacecraft crashed into Tempel 1. The spacecraft had a camera and it took a photograph of the comet every minute before it finally crashed into its surface.The space mission to Tempel 1 cost $335 million and was called Deep Impact. The spacecraft was traveling at 37，000 kilometers per hour when it hit the comet and the crash completely destroyed the spacecraft. But before it hit the comet, the spacecraft took some amazing photographs. The last one was a close-up picture which the spacecraft took just 3 seconds before it crashed into the comet.“Right now we have lost one spacecraft，” said a delighted NASA engineer. Deep Impact was like an American Independence Day fireworks display. It took many years to plan and ended in anenormous explosion.The spacecraft which crashed into the comet was made of copper and was the size of a washing machine. It was dropped from a mothership into the path of the comet and the mothership then photographed the cloud of ice, dust and organic chemicals that rose from the surface of the comet after the crash.The crash completely destroyed the spacecraft but nothing really happened to the comet: experts believe that the crash slowed the comet down by no more than 1/10，000 of a millimeter a second. The aim of the mission was to study for the first time the interior of a comet.The mothership was 480 km from the explosion and observed the crash and the explosion with instruments for 800 seconds. Seven satellites, including the Hubble space telescope, watched the moment of drama, and over the next day and night about 50 telescopes on Earth were watching the distant comet.25．How many hours did it take for the spacecraft from the earth to touch the comet Tempel 1?A．About 2，500.B．About 3，500.C．About 4，500. D．About 5，500.26．Which of the following shows the possible orbits and positions of the comet Tempel 1?S＝Solar P＝Pluto T＝Tempel 127．Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word in Paragraph 5?A．Position. B．Relation.C．Inside. D．Distance.28．The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to________．A．inform people the discovery of a new cometB．show the power of America in space C．introduce the knowledge of cometsD．introduce an experimentCThink about the longest elevator ride that you've ever taken. Whether you rose five floors or 100, it probably took less than a few minutes. Now imagine riding in an elevator higher and higher as it climbs for nearly a day. When you reach the top floor, prepare for views that are really out of this world. You'll be in space!Space elevators might sound like a crazy idea, but they're something scientists have been working on for decades.Why would anyone want a space elevator? At the moment, riding in a capsule is the onlyway ordinary people can get to and from space. But those rides are very expensive — about $25 million per person per flight.Researchers are still figuring out the details about how a space elevator might work. One idea is stretching (伸展) a very long cable — more than 37，000 kilometers — up to space from the earth's equator (赤道). The location is important: Objects in space above the equator orbit (绕……的轨道飞行) the earth at the same speed that our planet turns. A weight on the end of the cable would stretch it tight. An elevator tied to the cable could use it to climb up and down.The only problem is that besides being long, this cable must also be very strong. Storms, including hurricanes might break it. One way to solve this problem is to stretch the cable from the moon instead of from the earth. Airplanes designed to climb higher than a typical jet might take off from the earth and link up with the cable, which would be held in place by the pull of gravity from the earth. An elevator car waiting there would then take riders the rest of the way to the moon. Fueled by solar power, the elevator could transport people and materials without much expense or effort per ride.So, when will you be taking your first space-elevator ride? Probably not for a while.29．The first paragraph is presented by________．A．giving an exampleB．making a comparisonC．asking questionsD．analyzing causes30．Why have scientists been working on space elevators?A．To make trips to space cheaper.B．To help astronauts do research in space.C．To find a more convenient way to the moon.D．To prove an assumption which seems crazy.31．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.A．the cableB．the equatorC．an object in spaceD．a weight on the end of the cable32．Which part of a magazine may the article appear in?A．Science and technology. B．Sports.C．Literature. D．Entertainment.DSense About Science (SAS), a charity organization, said many well-known figures including Cowell made confusing statements on health in 2011.Earlier this year, Cowell admitted to taking pills of vitamins C and B12 to make him look andfeel young. He said the treatment gave him “an incredibly warm feeling” and even claimed to interrupt meetings to receive the vitamins. Also, television star Nicole Polizzi claimed she disliked the seaside because the ocean is salty.Tracey Brown, managing director at SAS, said there was no excuse for celebrities' making misleading claims. She added, “Their views travel far and wide, and once said, a celebrity cancer prevention idea or environmental claim is hard to reverse. At a time when celebrities dominate the public field, the pressure for sound science and evidence must keep pace.”Ursula Arens, an expert at the British Dietetic Association said Cowell's vitamin injections were unlikely to be providing much benefit and that, unless a person has a particular vitamin deficiency (缺乏), food intake can provide all the vitamins they need. “The absorption of vitamins is very efficient so, apart from people who are very ill or have particular gut problems, nearly all of what you eat is taken in by your body，” she said.Meanwhile, Simon Boxall, an oceanographer at the University of Southampton, also dismissed Polizzi's claims over salty sea. He said, “The salt in the sea comes from millions of years of water flowing over rocks and minerals. Salt water actually keeps our oceans free from many human diseases — so why not give the beach another try and get back in the water？”In common with many celebrities over past years, 2011 was also a year to support detox (排毒) programmes as a means of cleaning the body.Gwyneth Paltrow wrote on her blog, “I loved Dr Alejandro Junger's cleaning programme because it gave me such spectacular results！”Dr Christian Jessen, a TV presenter said that, though everyone tries to have a healthy lifestyle, a detox plan is not the answer.33．What's the main idea of the passage?A．Some famous people made misleading health comments.B．People are more and more concerned about their health.C．The influence of famous people is increasing.D．Famous people should be honest about their health.34．Which statement best describes Simon Boxall's opinion?A．There is just a little salt in the sea.B．Salt in the sea can benefit our health.C．Nicole Polizzi's health claims were reasonable.D．Many human diseases are caused by the sea water.35．It's implied in the passage that the detox programme________．A．makes Gwyneth Paltrow feel uncomfortableB．is a healthy way to clean the bodyC．is what Dr Christian Jessen likesD．has been popular with famous people for many years 第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。